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Surface Modification Aspects for Improving Biomedical Properties in Implants:A Review

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2024年第2期37卷 213-241页

作者： J.Sharath kumar rakesh kumar Rajeev Verma Industrial and Production Department Dr B R Ambedkar National Institute of Technology JalandharJalandharPunjab144008India

The primary focus during surgery is to ensure successful implantation by achieving long-term and stable fixation of *** surgery is now more focused on the development of novel biomaterials intended to improve implant *** obtain a better understanding of metal implants,this article investigated the causes of material failures in certain cases and analysed a few case *** interaction between the implant and bone tissue was a crucial aspect of successful implantation,and this study explored the factors influencing this interaction as well as ways to improve *** modern approaches used for modifying implant surfaces were systematically illustrated and briefly *** spray coatings were often favoured because of their wide range of coating materials,but other substantial surface modifications(such as friction stir processing and laser surface texturing)were also used for a selection of ***,implant surfaces with desirable features,such as biocompatibility,antibacterial properties,corrosion resistance,and wear resistance,were essential for optimising implant *** systematic review's main aim is to provide exhaustive reference information and a broad overview to advance the production and design of orthopaedic implants.

关键词： Biomaterials Surface treatments Thermal spray coatings Antibacterial Biocompatibility Corrosion resistance Wear resistance

Critical Review on Balanites aegyptiaca Delile:Phytoconstituents,Pharmacological Properties and Nanointerventions

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2024年第7期30卷 653-663页

作者： Surendra kumar Gautam rakesh kumar Paul Devesh M.Sawant Amita Sarwal Kaisar Raza Department of Pharmacy School of Chemical Sciences and PharmacyCentral University of RajasthanBandarsindriAjmerRajasthan305817India University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences Panjab UniversityChandigarh160014India

Balanites aegyptiaca Delile(BA)is an enduring xerophytic woody and spinous flowering tree and is commonly known as desert date or Ingudi(Hingot).It belongs to the family Zygophyllaceae,which is specific to be drought areas of Nigeria,Africa,South Asia and India(Rajasthan).In Ayurveda,this traditional medicinal plant is reported for the management of jaundice,syphilis,yellow fever,metabolic disorders,liver,and spleen *** main aim of the review is to compile its medicinal uses and further advancements to showcase the promises inherited in various parts of the plant for the benefit of *** per the literature survey,various researchers have focused on the detailed investigation of BA including the phytopharmacological evidence,chemical constituents,nano-formulations,commercialized products,and clinical *** remarkable scaffolds and isolated compounds like diosgenin,yamogenin,balanitin1/2,balanitin 3,bal4/5,bal6/7,rutin-3-glycosides,3,7-diglycosides,(3,12,14,16)–(12-hydroxycholest-5-ene-3,16-diyl-bis)-D-glucopyranoside and balanitoside have been ***,this traditional plant has been scientifically proven by in vitro and in *** on the complete review of this plant,most of the compounds have been isolated from the fruit and kernel ***,based on the literature,a histogram was developed for pharmacological activity in which antidiabetic study was found to be more compared to other pharmacological *** a spinous desert dates,this plant needs to be explored more to bring out newer phytochemicals in the management of various diseases.

关键词： Delile desert date phytochemicals nano-phytopharmaceutical pharmacological activities traditional medicine

Proposed numerical and machine learning models for fiber-reinforced polymer concrete-steel hollow and solid elliptical columns

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2024年第8期18卷 1169-1194页

作者： Tang QIONG Ishan JHA Alireza BAHRAMI Haytham F.ISLEEM rakesh kumar Pijush SAMUI School of Applied Technologies Qujing Normal UniversityQujing 655011China Department of Civil Engineering Indian Institute of Technology-BHUVaranasi 221005India Department of Building Engineering Energy Systems and Sustainability ScienceFaculty of Engineering and Sustainable DevelopmentUniversity of GävleGävle 80176Sweden Department of Civil Engineering National Institute of Technology-PatnaPatna 800005India

This study employs a hybrid approach,integrating finite element method(FEM)simulations with machine learning(ML)techniques to investigate the structural performance of double-skin tubular columns(DSTCs)reinforced with glass fiber-reinforced polymer(GFRP).The investigation involves a comprehensive examination of critical parameters,including aspect ratio,concrete strength,number of GFRP confinement layers,and dimensions of steel tubes used in DSTCs,through comparative analyses and parametric *** ensure the credibility of the findings,the results are rigorously validated against experimental data,establishing the precision and trustworthiness of the *** present research work examines the use of the columns with elliptical cross-sections and contributes valuable insights into the application of FEM and ML in the design and evaluation of structural systems within the field of structural engineering.

关键词： elliptical column fiber-reinforced polymer machine learning finite element method ABAQUS

Malignant pleural mesothelioma:The disdained member of thoracic oncology!

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World Journal of Experimental Medicine 2024年第3期14卷 1-10页

作者： Divya Khosla Pawan kumar Singh Bharath A Chhabria Vaishali Kataria Navneet Singh rakesh Kapoor Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and ResearchChandigarh 160012India Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Pandit Bhagwat Dayal Sharma Postgraduate Institute of Medical SciencesRohtak 124001India Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Ramaiah Memorial HospitalBengaluru 560054India Department of Pulmonary Medicine Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and ResearchChandigarh 160012India

Pleural mesothelioma is a very aggressive malignancy that arises from the pleural mesothelial cell lining and is linked strongly to prior asbestos *** ban on asbestos has helped to lower the incidence,but in developing countries like India,it is expected to *** has an extended latency period usually progressing over decades and presents with nonspecific *** has a median survival ranging between 10-22 *** diagnosis of malignant pleural mesothelioma is challenging and is done using computed tomography(CT),magnetic resonance imaging,or positron emission tomography-CT,with the last two predicting the resectability of the tumor better than CT alone.A pleural biopsy along with an array of immunohistochemical markers,such as p16,BRCA1 associated protein 1,and claudin-4,are required for a definitive *** genetic alterations have prognostic significance as *** current histological subtype identification is indispensable for decision making because of the new therapeutic avenues being *** combination of nivolumab and ipilimumab-based immunotherapy outperformed platinum and pemetrexed-based chemotherapy in terms of survival benefit and improved quality of life especially for non-epithelioid ***,the latter continues to be a robust treatment option for patients with the epithelioid *** is recommended for resectable cases with radiotherapy being indicated in neoadjuvant,adjuvant,and palliative settings along with systemic *** review article provides an overview of epidemiology,etiology,clinical manifestations,diagnostic approaches(including immunohistochemical and genetic markers),staging,and multidisciplinary approaches to current treatment for malignant pleural mesothelioma using surgery,chemotherapy,immunotherapy,and *** also sheds light on some recent studies(EMPHACIS,CALGB30901,Checkmate-743,etc.)that have led to significant developments in recent years with clinically mean

关键词： Chemotherapy Diagnosis Immunotherapy Malignant pleural mesothelioma Radiotherapy

Targeting brain tumors with innovative nanocarriers:bridging the gap through the blood-brain barrier

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Oncology Research 2024年第5期32卷 877-897页

作者： KARAN WADHWA PAYAL CHAUHAN SHOBHIT kumar rakesh PAHWA RAVINDER VERMA RAJAT GOYAL GOVIND SINGH ARCHANA SHARMA NEHA RAO DEEPAK KAUSHIK Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Maharshi Dayanand UniversityRohtak124001India Department of Pharmaceutical Technology Meerut Institute of Engineering and Technology(MIET)NH-58Delhi-Roorkee HighwayMeerut250005India Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences Kurukshetra UniversityKurukshetra136119India Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Chaudhary Bansi Lal UniversityBhiwani127021India MM College of Pharmacy Maharishi Markandeshwar(Deemed to be University)Mullana-AmbalaHaryana133207India Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University(DIPSAR) Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research UniversityNew Delhi110017India

Background:Glioblastoma multiforme(GBM)is recognized as the most lethal and most highly invasive *** high likelihood of treatment failure arises fromthe presence of the blood-brain barrier(BBB)and stemcells around GBM,which avert the entry of chemotherapeutic drugs into the ***:Recently,several researchers have designed novel nanocarrier systems like liposomes,dendrimers,metallic nanoparticles,nanodiamonds,and nanorobot approaches,allowing drugs to infiltrate the BBB more efficiently,opening up innovative avenues to prevail over therapy problems and radiation ***:Relevant literature for this manuscript has been collected from a comprehensive and systematic search of databases,for example,PubMed,Science Direct,Google Scholar,and others,using specific keyword combinations,including“glioblastoma,”“brain tumor,”“nanocarriers,”and several ***:This review also provides deep insights into recent advancements in nanocarrier-based formulations and technologies for GBM *** of various scientific advances in conjunction with encouraging findings concerning the future perspectives and challenges of nanocarriers for effective brain tumor management has also been discussed.

关键词： Glioblastoma Brain tumor Blood-brain barrier Liposomes Metallic nanoparticles Nanocarriers

Endoscopic ultrasound-guided pancreatic fluid collection drainage: Where are we?

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2024年第6期16卷 273-281页

作者： Anupam kumar Singh Manish Manrai rakesh Kochhar Department of Gastroenterology Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and ResearchChandigarh 160012India Department of Gastroenterology Command HospitalLucknow 226002India Department of Gastroenterology Paras HospitalPanchkula 134109India

Pancreatic fluid collections(PFCs)result from injury to the pancreas from acute or chronic pancreatitis,surgery,or *** of these collections has evolved over the last 2 *** choice of interventions includes percu-taneous,endoscopic,minimally invasive surgery,or a combined *** drainage is the drainage of PFCs by creating an artificial communication between the collection and gastrointestinal lumen that is maintained by placing a stent across the fistulous *** this editorial,we endeavored to update the current status of endoscopic ultrasound-guided drainage of PFCs.

关键词： Pancreatic fluid collections Endoscopic ultrasound-guided drainage Endoscopic necrosectomy Lumen apposing metal stent Review

Emerging Novel Therapeutic Approaches for the Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease

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Advances in Alzheimer's Disease 2024年第3期13卷 65-94页

作者： Amit Panwar Mohd. Imran Khan Rajesh kumar rakesh kumar Santosh kumar Rai Anil kumar New Drug Discovery Research Mankind Research Centre Mankind Pharma Limited Gurugram India

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is caused by synaptic failure and the excessive accumulation of misfolded proteins especially Aβ and tau, and associated with memory loss and cognitive impairment. Treatment of AD mainly consists of symptomatic therapy and disease-modifying therapy (DMT). Several monotherapies including small molecules or antibodies have been evaluated through multiple clinical trials, but a very few have been approved by the USFDA to intervene the disease’s pathogenesis. Past research has shown multifactorial nature of AD, therefore, multi-target drugs were proposed to target different pathways at the same time, however, currently no rationally designed multi-target directed ligand (MTDL) has been clinically approved. Different combinations and bispecific antibodies are also under development. Novel approaches like stem cell-based therapies, microRNAs, peptides, ADCs and vaccines cast a new hope for AD treatment, however, a number of questions remained to be answered prior to their safe and effective clinical translation. This review explores the small molecules, MTDL, and antibodies (monospecific and bispecific) for the treatment of AD. Finally, future perspectives (stem cell therapy, PROTAC approaches, microRNAs, ADC, peptides and vaccines) are also discussed with regard to their clinical applications and feasibility.

关键词： Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) Disease-Modifying Therapy (DMT) MicroRNAs PROTAC

Extracellular vesicles as tools and targets in therapy for diseases

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第3期9卷 872-912页

作者： Mudasir A.kumar Sadaf K.Baba Hana Q.Sadida Sara Al.Marzooqi Jayakumar Jerobin Faisal H.Altemani Naseh Algehainy Mohammad A.Alanazi Abdul-Badi Abou-Samra rakesh kumar Ammira S.Al-Shabeeb Akil Muzafar A.Macha Rashid Mir Ajaz A.Bhat Watson-Crick Centre for Molecular Medicine Islamic University of Science and TechnologyAwantiporaKashmir 192122India Department of Human Genetics-Precision Medicine in Diabetes Obesity and Cancer ProgramSidra MedicineDohaQatar Qatar Metabolic Institute Academic Health SystemHamad Medical CorporationDohaQatar Department of Medical Laboratory Technology Prince Fahad Bin Sultan Chair for Biomedical ResearchFaculty of Applied Medical SciencesUniversity of TabukTabukSaudi Arabia School of Biotechnology Shri Mata Vaishno Devi UniversityKatraIndia

Extracellular vesicles(EVs)are nano-sized,membranous structures secreted into the extracellular *** exhibit diverse sizes,contents,and surface markers and are ubiquitously released from cells under normal and pathological *** serum is a rich source of these EVs,though their isolation from serum proteins and non-EV lipid particles poses *** vesicles transport various cellular components such as proteins,mRNAs,miRNAs,DNA,and lipids across distances,influencing numerous physiological and pathological events,including those within the tumor microenvironment(TME).Their pivotal roles in cellular communication make EVs promising candidates for therapeutic agents,drug delivery systems,and disease *** in cancer diagnostics,EV detection can pave the way for early identification and offers potential as diagnostic ***,various EV subtypes are emerging as targeted drug delivery tools,highlighting their potential clinical *** need for non-invasive biomarkers to monitor biological processes for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes remains *** into the unique composition of EVs could unlock advanced diagnostic and therapeutic avenues in the *** this review,we discuss in detail the roles of EVs across various conditions,including cancers(encompassing head and neck,lung,gastric,breast,and hepatocellular carcinoma),neurodegenerative disorders,diabetes,viral infections,autoimmune and renal diseases,emphasizing the potential advancements in molecular diagnostics and drug delivery.

关键词： diseases sized sizes

Handgrip strength in type 2 diabetics and nondiabetics:A comparative cross-sectional study among adults in rural Mysore

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Journal of Integrative Nursing 2024年第3期6卷 150-154页

作者： Deepak ANIL M.rakesh Shabeena AKBAR Vijaylakshmi Rao VADAGA D.Sunil kumar Department of Community Medicine JSS Medical CollegeJSS Academy of Higher Education and ResearchMysoreKarnatakaIndia

Objectives:The objective of this study is to assess the handgrip strength(HGS)in patients with type 2 diabetes,compare it with nondiabetes age-matched individuals,and assess the correlation between diabetic status and HGS among diabetic *** and Methods:A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in rural Mysore,India,for 4 ***-eight clinically diagnosed type 2 diabetics and 58 nondiabetics participated in the *** handheld dynamometer was used to test the HGS of all subjects in their dominant *** t-test was used to analyze the differences in HGS between patients with and without ***:The mean dynamometer reading among diabetics was 19.08±7.51,whereas that in nondiabetics was 27.474±*** was a significant difference in HGSs between diabetics and nondiabetics(P<0.01).Conclusion:Decreased muscle strength and quality in the upper extremities are associated with type 2 diabetes and can lead to functional and physical *** patients’HGS should be evaluated promptly to identify any disabilities and plan for appropriate therapy.

关键词： Diabetics dynamometer handgrip muscle strength