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Estimating topological charge of propagating vortex from single-shot non-imaged speckle

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Chinese Optics Letters 2021年第2期19卷 75-80页

作者： Li Chen rakesh kumar Singh Aristide Dogariu Ziyang Chen and Jixiong Pu College of Information Science and Engineering Huaqiao UniversityXiamen 361021China Department of Physics Indian Institute of Technology(BHU)Varanasi 221005Uttar PradeshIndia CREOL College of Optics and PhotonicsUniversity of Central FloridaOrlandoFL 32816-2700USA Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Light Propagation and Transformation Huaqiao UniversityXiamen 361021China

Encoding information using the topological charge of vortex beams has been proposed for optical communications. The conservation of the topological charge on propagation and the detection of the topological charge by a receiver are significant in these applications and have been well established in free-space. However, when vortex beams enter a diffuser,the wavefront is distorted, leading to a challenge in the conservation and detection of the topological charge. Here, we present a technique to measure the value of the topological charge of a vortex beam obscured in the randomly scattered light. The results of the numerical simulations and experiments are presented and are in good agreement. In particular, only a single-shot measurement is required to detect the topological charge of vortex beams, indicating that the method is applicable to a dynamic diffuser.

关键词： intensity correlation vortex beam scattering

Sexual dysfunctions and their treatment in liver diseases

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World Journal of Hepatology 2022年第8期14卷 1530-1540页

作者： rakesh kumar Jagdish Department of Hepatology Gastroenterology and Liver Transplant MedicineFortis Hospital NoidaNoida 201301UPIndia

Sexual dysfunction(SD)is a prevalent but very commonly ignored aspect in the treatment of liver diseases and *** etiology of SD is multifactorial and therefore treatment strategies are complex,especially in *** inhibitors are useful and effective in erectile dysfunction in males but in females,no single drug is available for SD,therefore multimodal treatment is required depending upon the *** foremost and fundamental requirement in both genders is to be stress-free and have adequate control of liver *** quality of life is helpful in improving SD and vice versa is also ***,patients suffering from liver diseases should come forward and ask for treatment for SD,and physicians should actively enquire about SD while history taking and evaluating these *** results in deterioration of quality of life,and both are modifiable and treatable aspects of liver diseases,which are never addressed actively,due to social taboos and fears of SD treatment in the presence of liver *** diagnosis of SD does not require costly investigations,as the diagnosis can be established based on validated questionnaires available for both genders,therefore detailed targeted history taking using questionnaires is *** are emerging in this area but is still at an early *** studies should be dedicated to SD in liver diseases.

关键词： Sexual dysfunction Erectile dysfunction Female sexual function index International index of erectile function Phosphodiesterase inhibitors Hepatic venous pressure gradient

Status, Prospects & Perspectives of Indian Paper Industry

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Paper And Biomaterials 2019年第1期4卷 57-64页

作者： rakesh kumar Jain Vikas kumar United Nations Industrial Development Organisations UNIDO IC ISID

Indian paper industry has been showing a positive demand growth unlike Europe and USA,despite couple of issues being confronted by the paper industry such as availability of good quality raw material,scale of operation,cost reduction and *** view of the increasing competition among the domestic and the global players,sustainability,green production gaining significance,there is a growing need to upgrade,develop and adopt appropriate advanced technologies tailer made to the requirement of Indian paper *** light of above,UNIDO implemented a project supported by DIPP,*** India aimed towards capacity building of the Nodel Research Institute(CPPRI),Indian paper industry’s associations and Indian paper *** present article highlights key findings of various activities carried out under the project such as diagnostic assessment of the paper industry,demonstration of identified technologies,dissemination of the findings among the industries and twinning with the international institutions having relevant expertise and training.

关键词： Indian paper industry raw material scale of operation environment

Arylazopyrazole-functionalized photoswitchable octanuclear Zn(Ⅱ)-silsesquioxane nanocage

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Science China Chemistry 2021年第3期64卷 419-425页

作者： Kai Sheng Ya-Nan Liu rakesh kumar Gupta Mohamedally Kurmoo Di Sun School of Aeronautics Shandong Jiaotong UniversityJi'nan 250037China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering State Key Laboratory of Crystal MaterialsShandong UniversityJi'nan 250100China Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Energy Storage and Novel Cell Technology School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering厶iaocheng UniversityLiaocheng 252000China Institut de Chimie de Strasbourg Universite de StrasbourgCNRS-L/MR 71774 rue Blaise PascalStrasbourg Cedex 67008France

Photoswitchable organic materials have shown significant advancement for photonic applications,however,the polynuclear metal clusters conjugated with photoswitching properties are still ***,a novel octanuclear Zn(Ⅱ) nanocage{[Zn_(8)-(Me_(4)Si_(4)O_(8))_(2)(azopz)_(8)]·4CH_(2)Cl_(2)·MeOH·MeCN}(SD/Zn8)(Hazopz=3,5-dimethyl-4-(phenyldiazenyl)-1H-pyrazole),based on multidentate silsesquioxane and pyrazole modified by photoisomerizable azo group has been designed and synthesized to realize the reversible photoswitching behavior.X-ray crystallographic study reveals that the unique metal core consists of two annular Me_(4)Si_(4)O_(8)^(4-)sandwiching a ring of eight Zn atoms where the pyrazole end of azopz-bridges them *** azopz-ligands diverge above and below the plane defined by eight Zn ***,SD/Zn8 shows quick trans-to-cis transformation upon 365 nm light irradiation,which can be easily changed back by 450 nm light,but slow cis-to-trans reversibility at room temperature as confirmed by UV-V is and 1H NMR *** process,which presumably regulates the spaces,acts like a pump and is completely *** such,it can be considered as a molecular pump energized by ***,the molecule is an energy reservoir where it absorbs the light energy and releases it slowly with time.

关键词： silsesquioxane metal-organic nanocage photochromism X-ray single-crystal structure

Design and Simulation of Ring Network-on-Chip for Different Configured Nodes

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第5期71卷 4085-4100页

作者： Arpit Jain rakesh kumar Dwivedi Hammam Alshazly Adesh kumar Sami Bourouis Manjit Kaur Faculty of Engineering&Computer Sciences Teerthanker Mahaveer UniversityMoradabadUttar Pradesh244001India Faculty of Computers and Information South Valley UniversityQena83523Egypt Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering School of EngineeringUniversity of Petroleum and Energy StudiesDehradun248007India Department of Information Technology College of Computers and Information TechnologyTaif UniversityTaif21944Saudi Arabia School of Engineering and Applied Sciences Bennett UniversityGreater Noida201310India

The network-on-chip(NoC)technology is frequently referred to as a front-end solution to a back-end *** physical substructure that transfers data on the chip and ensures the quality of service begins to collapse when the size of semiconductor transistor dimensions shrinks and growing numbers of intellectual property(IP)blocks working together are integrated into a *** system on chip(SoC)architecture of today is so complex that not utilizing the crossbar and traditional hierarchical bus *** connectivity reduces the amount of hardware required for routing and functions,allowing SoCs with NoC interconnect fabrics to operate at higher ***(Octagons)is a direct NoC that is specifically used to solve the scalability problem by expanding each node in the shape of an *** paper discusses the ring NoC design concept and its simulation in Xilinx ISE 14.7,as well as the communication of functional *** the field-programmable gate array(FPGA)synthesis,the performance of NoC is evaluated in terms of hardware and timing *** design allows 64 to 256 node communication in a single chip with‘N’bit data transfer in the ring *** performance of the NoC is evaluated with variable nodes from 2 to 256 in Digilent manufactured Virtex-5 FPGA hardware.

关键词： Ring NoC FPGA synthesis nodes communication SoC design integrated synthesis environment

Relative active tectonics evaluation using geomorphic and drainage indices, in Dadra and Nagar Haveli, western India

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Geodesy and Geodynamics 2022年第3期13卷 219-229页

作者： Naveen kumar rakesh K.Dumka Kapil Mohan Sumer Chopra Institute of Seismological Research(ISR) RaysanGandhinagarGujaratIndia Department of Earth Science Gujarat UniversityNavrangpuraAhmedabad380009India

The present study area,Dadra and Nagar Haveli,contains several lineaments and traces of active *** various aspect of the geomo rphic analysis,i.e.,stream length(SL) gradient,hypsometric integral(HI),basin shape(BS),valley floor(VF),have been applied to evaluate the relative index of active tectonics(RIAT) of the Damanganga *** high and low zones of tectonic activity have been identified based on the geomorphic analysis of the *** evaluation of all indices,three classes,class IIhigh(1.3 ≤RIAT <1.5),class Ⅲ-moderate(1.5 ≤RIAT <1.8),and class Ⅳ-low(1.8 ≤RIAT),have been obtained to outline the degree/gradation of comparative tectonic activities in the study *** appraised outcome of the RIAT dispersal is also well reinforced by the geomorphic evidence in the *** collective outcomes of geomorphic evidence,such as stream deflection and analysis of lineament,deflection of streams,and geomorphic indices,conceal that the Damanganga watershed is affected by tectonic activity.

关键词： Active tectonics Geomorphic indices Relative index of active tectonics(RIAT) Drainage indices

Role of Pathogen-Related Protein 10 (PR 10) under Abiotic and Biotic Stresses in Plants

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2020年第2期89卷 167-182页

作者： rakesh kumar Sinha Shiv Shankar Verma Anshu Rastogi Department of Plant Biophysics&Biochemistry Biology Center of the Czech Academy of SciencesInstitute of PlantMolecular BiologyCeskeBudejovice37005Czech Republic School of Medicine Case Western Reserve UniversityCleveland44106USA Department of Ecology and Environmental Protection Laboratory of BioclimatologyPoznan University of Life SciencesPoznan60-649Poland

Members of the Pathogenesis Related(PR)10 protein family have been identified in a variety of plant species and a wide range of functions ranging from defense to growth and development has been attributed to ***10 protein possesses ribonuclease(RNase)activity,interacts with phytohormones,involved in hormone-mediated signalling,afforded protection against various phytopathogenic fungi,bacteria,and viruses particularly in response to biotic and abiotic *** resistance mechanism of PR10 protein may include activation of defense signalling pathways through possible interacting proteins involved in mediating responses to pathogens,degradation of RNA of the invading ***,several morphological changes have been shown to accompany the enhanced abiotic stress *** this review,the possible mechanism of action of PR10 protein against biotic and abiotic stress has been ***,our findings also confirmed that the in vivo Nitric oxide(NO)is essential for most of environmental abiotic stresses and disease resistance against pathogen *** proper level of NO may be necessary and beneficial,not only in plant response to the environmental abiotic stress,but also to biotic *** updated information on this interesting group of proteins will be useful in future research to develop multiple stress tolerance in plants.

关键词： Pathogenesis-related(PR) PR10 abiotic stress biotic stress ribonuclease stress tolerance nitric oxide

Polytene chromosomes of an Indian Himalayan black fly Simulium (Nevermannia) praelargum (Diptera:Simuliidae)

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Current Zoology 2010年第4期56卷 437-444页

作者： Willie HENRY Subrata kumar DEY rakesh VARMA Sachin THAPA William S PROCUNIER RG. Department of Zoology Darjeeling Government College Darjeeling West Bengal 734101 India School of Biotechnology West Bengal University of TechnologyBF-142 Sector 1Salt Lake City Kolkata 700064 West Bengal India Consultant North Bay Ontario P1B 5W6 Canada

High quality polytene chromosome maps （n=3） of a Himalayan Simuliid Simulium praelargum Datta, 1973 are presented and represent the first cytological description of a taxon found in the feuerborni group, subgenus Nevermannia. Polytene chromosomes one （I） and two （II） are metacentric, chromosome three （III） is submetacentric with the length of each chromosome occupying 37.25 %, 31.36 % and 31.34 % of the total complement length, respectively. Typical simuliid diagnostic intergeneric chromosomal markers are found within the polytene complement of this species. The nucleolar organizer （N.O.） is found at the base of the short arm of chromosome one （IS）, the Ring of Balbiani （R.B.）, double bubble （D.B.） and triad occur in the short arm of chromosome two （IIS）, the Parabalbiani Ring （EB.） and grey band （gb） occur in the long arm of chromosome two （IIL） and the Blister （BL） and Capsule （Ca） occur in the short arm of chromosome three （IIIS）.Terminal bands at the end of IIIS are heterochromatinized and present atypically with respect to other simuliid fauna. Populations studied so far are unique among the Simuliidae in that they exhibit chromosome structural monomorphism. These high resolution polytene chromosome maps will form the basis for future cytological characterization and phylogenetic comparisons amongst members of the feuerborni group

关键词： Black fly Feuerborni group Simulium praelargum Polytene chromosome maps Monomorphism

D^(2)PAM:Epileptic seizures prediction using adversarial deep dual patch attention mechanism

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CAAI Transactions on Intelligence Technology 2023年第3期8卷 755-769页

作者： Arfat Ahmad Khan rakesh kumar Madendran Usharani Thirunavukkarasu Muhammad Faheem Department of Computer Science College of ComputingKhon Kaen UniversityKhon KaenThailand Department of Computer Science and Engineering Rajalakshmi Engineering CollegeChennaiIndia Department of Biomedical Engineering Saveetha School of EngineeringSaveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences(Deemed to be University)ChennaiIndia School of Technology and Innovations University of VaasaVaasaFinland

Epilepsy is considered as a serious brain disorder in which patients frequently experience *** seizures are defined as the unexpected electrical changes in brain neural activity,which leads to *** researches made an intense effort for predicting the epileptic seizures using brain signal ***,they faced difficulty in obtaining the patients'characteristics because the model's distribution turned to fake predictions,affecting the model's *** addition,the existing prediction models have severe issues,such as overfitting and false positive *** overcome these existing issues,we propose a deep learning approach known as Deep dual‐patch attention mechanism(D^(2)PAM)for classifying the pre‐ictal signals of people with Epilepsy based on the brain *** neural network is integrated with D^(2)PAM,and it lowers the effect of differences between patients to predict *** multi‐network design enhances the trained model's generalisability and stability ***,the proposed model for processing the brain signal is designed to transform the signals into data blocks,which is appropriate for pre‐ictal *** earlier warning of epilepsy with the proposed model obtains the auxiliary *** data of real patients for the experiments provides the improved accuracy by D2PAM approximation compared to the existing *** be more distinctive,the authors have analysed the performance of their work with five patients,and the accuracy comes out to be 95%,97%,99%,99%,and 99%***,the numerical results unveil that the proposed work outperforms the existing models.

关键词： artificial intelligence techniques classification learning(artificial intelligence)