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Tile Drainage and Nitrogen Fertilizer Management Influences on Nitrogen Availability, Losses, and Crop Yields

Open Journal of Soil Science 2015年第10期5卷 211-226页

作者： rakesh awale Amitava Chatterjee Hans Kandel Joel K. Ransom Soil Science North Dakota State University Fargo ND USA Plant Sciences North Dakota State University Fargo ND USA

Installing tile drainage facilitates early planting and field operations, and tiling has tremendously increased in the Red River Valley (RRV) due to recent wet cycles. This experiment studied tile drainage and N-fertilizer management effects on N availability, N losses, and yields of corn (Zea mays L.) and sugarbeet (Beta vulgaris L.) in a naturally poorly-drained Fargo soil during the 2012-2013 growing seasons. Regardless of drainage, applying 146 kg N ha-1 with nitrapyrin resulted similar soil N availability to 180 kg N ha-1 without nitrapyrin in sugarbeet in both years. In corn, application of nitrapyrin resulted either higher or similar soil N levels to split-N application. In 2013, application of urea alone increased soil N availability during the early corn growing season under the undrained condition, whereas nitrapyrin delayed N release in the tile-drained soils. Corn and sugarbeet yields averaged 7.4 and 47.0 Mg·ha-1 in 2012, and averaged 8.3 and 38.3 Mg·ha-1 in 2013, respectively, with no significant differences among N-sources. However, corn yield increased on an average by 27.6% with N-fertilizer application over unfertilized control in 2013. In 2012, sugarbeet root impurity (% sucrose loss to molasses) increased by 13.8% and 17.2% with 146 kg N ha-1 plus nitrapyrin and 180 kg N ha-1 treatments, respectively, compared to unfertilized control. Besides, higher N rates were usually associated with greater daily soil N2O emissions, with the maximum flux of 105 g N2O-N ha-1·d-1 recorded under corn. Addition of fertilizer-N increased NH3 volatilization losses up to 1.9% and 0.5% of the applied-N in corn and sugarbeet, respectively. Tile drainage influenced soil N availability more than crop yield during two years of study. Nitrogen management can have pronounced effects on N availability and losses. A long-term study is needed to investigate the fertilizer-N use efficiency of crops under tile drainage condition.

关键词： Subsurface Drainage Nitrogen Nitrous Oxide Ammonia Volatilization Nitrate Leaching

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The dynamic effects of solar eclipses of October 25,2022,and October 14,2023,on GPS-derived total electron content

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Geodesy and Geodynamics 2025年第1期16卷 75-86页

作者： Vishal Chauhan Vishakha rakesh Singh Shishupal Singh Vikram Singh Om Prakash Singh Department of Physics Graphic Era Hill University Department of Petroleum Engineering Graphic Era (Deemed to be University) Department of Physics St.John's College Department of Applied Sciences & Humanities Institute of Engineering & Technology

This study analyzes total electron content(TEC) variations during two solar eclipse events that occurred on October 25, 2022, and October 14, 2023. The solar eclipse of October 25, 2022, was a partial solar eclipse, while the eclipse of October 14, 2023, was an annular solar eclipse. For this study, the data of eight International GNSS Service(IGS) stations from different eclipse coverage zones are used to analyze TEC variations. It is found that the stations located in the maximum eclipse cover zone exhibited notable decreases in TEC values. The minimum variation of about 11.76% in TEC values is observed at the station situating in about 20 percent eclipse cover zone, while it varies from 22% to 38% at the stations falling in about 60 percent eclipse cover zone. The highest variation in TEC values of about 44% is found at the stations in about 80 percent eclipse cover zone. The time of occurrence of maximum depletion in TEC values at each station is in line with their longitudinal sequence. Atmospheric gravity waves(AGWs) are also observed by performing wavelet analysis on TEC data. The global TEC maps visualize and confirm observed TEC variations, providing spatial and temporal insights into the ionospheric response. This analysis highlights the influence of station location and eclipse coverage on the magnitude and spatial distribution of TEC variations.

关键词： Solar eclipse Ionosphere GPS TEC AGW

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Assessing tectonic influence on landscape evolution:case study of the Nandakini Watershed,Western Himalaya

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Journal of Mountain Science 2025年第2期22卷 666-680页

作者： rakesh SINGH Pranati SAHU Shalini KUMARI Vishal CHAUHAN Department of Petroleum Engineering and Earth Sciences Graphic Era(Deemed to be University)Dehradun 248002India School of Basic and Applied Sciences SGRR UniversityDehradun 248001India Graphic Era Hill University Dehradun 248002India

Understanding the active tectonic processes in the Nandakini Watershed is imperative for evaluating geological hazards and seismic risks,as well as for informing land-use planning and natural resource management strategies in the *** geomorphology serves as a vital tool for characterizing recent tectonic *** research employs GIS techniques to elucidate tectonic activity and its influence on drainage patterns in the Nandakini Watershed,utilizing morphometric parameters derived from SRTM DEM *** indices are employed to assess the tectonic movement within drainage basins,capturing both areal and linear factors such as drainage density,texture,circulatory and bifurcation ratios,and stream length *** linear and areal morphometric indices are categorized into three classes representing varying degrees of active tectonic *** classifications are then utilized to compute the relative active tectonic index(IRAT).In addition,geomorphic parameters include hypsometric integral,stream length-gradient index,normalized steepness index,chi gradient index,and swath *** majority of the studied region is in an extremely high to moderately active tectonic ***-scale faults and thrusts within the basins are closely correlated with these zones that have been *** integrated methodology of GIS-based morphometric analysis and geomorphic study enables the identification of deformed landforms associated with ongoing tectonic ***,these results offer valuable insights for informing watershed management strategies and promoting sustainable land use planning initiatives.

关键词： Nandakini Watershed Morphotectonic indices Steepness indices Active tectonics Relative active tectonic index(IRAT)

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Leveraging Artificial Intelligence to Achieve Sustainable Public Healthcare Services in Saudi Arabia: A Systematic Literature Review of Critical Success Factors

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2025年第2期142卷 1289-1349页

作者： rakesh Kumar Ajay Singh Ahmed Subahi Ahmed Kassar Mohammed Ismail Humaida Sudhanshu Joshi Manu Sharma Department of Health Management College of Public Health and Health InformaticsUniversity of Ha’ilHa’il81451Saudi Arabia Department of Management&Information Systems College of Business AdministrationUniversity of Ha’ilHa’il81451Saudi Arabia Department of Public Health College of Public Health and Health InformaticsUniversity of Ha’ilHa’il81451Saudi Arabia School of Management Doon UniversityDehradunUttarakhand248001India Department of Management Studies Graphic Era UniversityDehradunUttarakhand248002India

This review aims to analyze the development and impact of Artificial Intelligence(AI)in the context of Saudi Arabia’s public healthcare system to fulfill Vision 2030 *** is extensively devoted to AI technology deployment relevant to disease management,healthcare delivery,epidemiology,and ***,its AI is culturally sensitive and ethically grounded in *** on the PRISMA framework,an SLR evaluated primary academic literature,cases,and practices of Saudi Arabia’s AI implementation in the public healthcare ***,it categorizes prior research based on how AI can work,the issues it poses,and its implications for the Kingdom’s healthcare *** Saudi Arabian context analyses show that AI has increased the discreet prediction of diseases,resource management,and monitoring outbreaks during mass congregations such as ***,the study outlines critical areas for defining the potential for artificial intelligence and areas for enhancing digital development to support global healthcare *** key themes emerging from the review include Saudi Arabia:(i)the effectiveness of AI with human interaction for sustainable health services;(ii)conditions and quality control to enhance the quality of health care services using AI;(iii)environmental factors as influencing factors for public health care;(iv)Artificial Intelligence,and advanced decision-making technology for Middle Eastern health care *** policymakers,healthcare managers,and researchers who will engage with AI innovation,the review proclaims that AI applications should respect the country’s socio-cultural and ethical practices and pave the way for sustainable healthcare *** empirical research is needed on the implementation issues with AI,creating culturally appropriate models of AI,and finding new applications of AI to address the increasing demand for healthcare services in Saudi Arabia.

关键词： Artificial intelligence public health services sustainability healthcare Saudi Arabia PRISMA

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Higher abundance of DLD protein in buffalobull spermatozoa causes elevated ROSproduction leading to early sperm capacitationand reduction in fertilizing ability

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2025年第1期16卷 107-120页

作者： Seema Karanwal Ankit Pal Fanny Josan Aditya Patel Jatinder Singh Chera Sonam Yadav Vikrant Gaur Preeti Verma Shiva Badrhan Vitika Chauhan Mukesh Bhakat Tirtha Kumar Datta rakesh Kumar Animal Genomics Laboratory Animal Biotechnology DivisionICAR-National Dairy Research InstituteKarnalHaryanaIndia NBGC Laboratory National Bureau of Animal Genetics ResourcesKarnalHaryanaIndia Artificial Breeding Research Centre LPM DivisionICAR-National Dairy Research InstituteKarnalHaryanaIndia ICAR-Central Institute of Research On Goat MakhdoomMathuraUttar PradeshIndia ICAR-Central Institute for Research On Buffaloes HisarHaryanaIndia

Backgroud Before fertilization,spermatozoa undergo a crucial maturation step called capacitation,which is a unique event regulates the sperm’s ability for successful *** capacitation process takes place as the spermatozoa pass through the female reproductive tract(FRT).Dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase(DLD)protein is a post-pyruvate metabolic enzyme,exhibiting reactive oxygen species(ROS)production which causes ***,other vital functions of DLD in buffalo spermatozoa are hyperactivation and acrosome *** produces the optimum amount of ROS required to induce capacitation process in *** on physiological or patho-physiological conditions,DLD can either enhance or attenuate the production of reactive oxygen species(ROS).Aim of this study was to investigate whether changes in the production of ROS in sperm cells can impact their ability to fertilize by triggering the capacitation and acrosome *** In this study,abundance of DLD protein was quantified between high(n=5)and low fertile bull(n=5)*** was found that compared to high-fertile(HF)bulls,low-fertile(LF)bulls exhibited significantly(P<0.05)higher DLD ***,we optimised the MICA concentration to inhibit DLD function,spermatozoa were treated with MICA in time(0,1,2,3,4,and 5 h)and concentrations(1,2.5,5,and 10 mmol/L)dependent *** DLD inhibition was found to be at 4 h in 10 mmol/L MICA concentration,which was used for further exper-imentation in HF and *** on DLD inhibition it was seen that LF bull spermatozoa exhibited significantly(P<0.05)higher ROS production and acrosome reaction in comparison to the HF bull *** kinematic parameters of the spermatozoa such as percent total motility,velocity parameters(VCL,VSL,and VAP)and other parameters(BCF,STR,and LIN)were also decreased in MICA treated spermatozoa in comparison to the control(capacitated)*** The present study provides an initial

关键词： Acrosome reaction Capacitation High fertile bull Low fertile bull Protein Reactive oxygen species Spermatozoa

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Congenital anomalies of coronary artery misdiagnosed as coronary dilatations in Kawasaki disease:A clinical predicament

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World Journal of Clinical Pediatrics 2025年第1期14卷 93-100页

作者： rakesh Kumar Pilania Pallavi L Nadig Suprit Basu Reva Tyagi Abarna Thangaraj Ridhima Aggarwal Munish Arora Arun Sharma Surjit Singh Manphool Singhal Pediatric Allergy Immunology Unit Department of PediatricsAdvanced Pediatrics CenterPost Graduate Institute of Medical Education and ResearchChandigarh 160012ChandīgarhIndia Department of Radiodiagnosis and Imaging Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and ResearchChandigarh 160012ChandīgarhIndia

BACKGROUND 2D-echocardiography(2DE)has been the primary imaging modality in children with Kawasaki disease(KD)to assess coronary *** To report the presence and implications of incidental congenital coronary artery anomalies that had been misinterpreted as coronary artery abnormalities(CAAs)on *** Records of children diagnosed with KD,who underwent computed tomography coronary angiography(CTCA)at our center between 2013-2023 were *** identified 3 children with congenital coronary artery anomalies in this cohort on *** of CTCA and 2DE were compared in these 3 *** Of the 241 patients with KD who underwent CTCA,3(1.24%)had congenital coronary artery anomalies on CTCA detected *** all 3 patients,baseline 2DE had identified *** was then performed for detailed evaluation as per our unit ***(11-year-boy)amongst the 3 patients had complete KD,while the other two(3.3-year-boy;4-month-girl)had incomplete *** revealed separate origins of left anterior descending artery and left circumflex from left sinus[misinterpreted as dilated left main coronary artery(LCA)on 2DE],single coronary artery(interpreted as dilated LCA on 2DE)and dilated right coronary artery on 2DE in case of anomalous origin of LCA from the main pulmonary *** latter one was subsequently operated *** CTCA is essential for detailed assessment of coronary arteries in children with KD especially in cases where there is suspicion of congenital coronary artery *** solely on 2DE may not be sufficient in such cases,and findings from CTCA can significantly impact therapeutic decision-making.

关键词： Coronary artery abnormalities Congenital coronary artery anomalies Computed tomography coronary angiography Kawasaki disease 2-dimensional echocardiography

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Endoscopic techniques for the diagnosis of pancreatic cystic lesions

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2025年第1期31卷 1-7页

作者： Sahib Singh Saurabh Chandan rakesh Vinayek Jahnvi Dhar Jayanta Samanta Gabriele Capurso Ivo Boskoski Cristiano Spada Jorge D Machicado Stefano Francesco Crinò Antonio Facciorusso Department of Internal Medicine Sinai HospitalBaltimoreMD 21215United States Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Creighton University School of MedicineOmahaNE 68131United States Department of Gastroenterology Sinai Hospital of BaltimoreBaltimoreMD 21215United States Department of Gastroenterology Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and ResearchChandigarh 160012India Division of Pancreato-Biliary Endoscopy and Endosonography Pancreas Translational and Clinical Research CenterIRCCS San Raffaele Scientific InstituteVita-Salute San Raffaele UniversityMilano 20132Italy Digestive Endoscopy Unit Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCSSUniversitàCattolica del Sacro Cuore di RomaCenter for Endoscopic Research Therapeutics and TrainingRoma 00168Italy Department of Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Catholic UniversityRoma 00168Italy Department of Gastroenterology University of Michigan HealthAnn ArborMI 48107United States Department of Endoscopy University of VeronaVerona 37121VenetoItaly Gastroenterology Unit Department of Medical and Surgical SciencesUniversity of FoggiaFoggia 71122Italy

Pancreatic cysts are mostly incidental findings on computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging scans,with few patients presenting with abdominal pain or other *** accurate diagnosis of cysts is important as management depends on the type(neoplastic or non-neoplastic).Cross-sectional imaging is fast being replaced with endoscopic ultrasound(EUS)and various techniques based on that such as EUS-guided fine needle aspiration,EUS-guided needle confocal laser endomicroscopy,EUS-through-the-needle biopsy,and contrast-enhanced *** studies have reported varying diagnostic and adverse event rates with these *** addition,American,European,and Kyoto guidelines for the diagnosis and management of pancreatic cysts have provided different *** this editorial,we elaborate on the clinical guidelines,recent studies,and comparison of different endoscopic methods for the diagnosis of pancreatic cysts.

关键词： Endoscopic ultrasound Fine needle aspiration Needle confocal laser endomicroscopy Through-the-needle biopsy Contrast-enhanced endoscopic ultrasound

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Novel Hydrodynamic Analysis Towards Capabilities Improvement of Bio-inspired Underwater Vehicles Using Momentum Redistribution Method

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2022年第2期19卷 314-330页

作者： rakesh Rayapureddi Santanu Mitra Mechanical Engineering Department Shiv Nadar UniversityDelhi-NCR 201314NoidaIndia

This paper presents an efficient and versatile OpenFOAM(Open-source Field Operation And Manipulation)-based numerical solver for fully resolved simulations that can handle any rigid and deforming bodies moving in the *** algorithm used for solving Fluid-Structure Interactions(FSI)involving the immersed structure with changeable shapes is based on the momentum redistribution *** present approach excludes the need to solve elastic equations,obtain high-accuracy predictions of the flow field and provide a rigorous basis for implementing the Immersed Boundary Method(IBM).The OpenFOAM implementation of the algorithm is discussed along with the design methodology for developing bio-inspired underwater vehicles using the present *** computational results are validated with the experimental observations of the two-dimensional and three-dimensional anguilliform swimmer case *** study further extended to the three-dimensional hydrodynamics of a bioinspired,self-propelling manta *** motion of the body is specified a priori according to the reported experimental *** results quantify the vortex formation and shedding processes and enable the identification of the portions of the body responsible for the majority of *** body accelerates from rest to an asymptotic mean forward velocity of 0.2 ms^(-1)in almost 5 s,consistent with experimental *** is observed that the developed computational model is capable of performing any motion simulation and manoeuvrability analysis,which are critical for the designers to develop novel unmanned underwater vehicles.

关键词： Momentum redistribution method OpenFOAM Fluid-Structure Interaction(FSI) Immersed Boundary Method(IBM) Anguilliform swimming Manta bot

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Properties of filaments in solar cycle 20-23 from McIntosh Archive

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2019年第6期19卷 43-50页

作者： rakesh Mazumder Center of Excellence in Space Sciences India Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata

A filament is a cool, dense structure suspended in the solar corona. The eruption of a filament is often associated with a coronal mass ejection(CME), which has an adverse effect on space weather. Hence,research on filaments has attracted much attention in the recent past. The tilt angle of active region(AR)magnetic bipoles is a crucial parameter in the context of the solar dynamo, which governs the conversion efficiency of the toroidal magnetic field to poloidal magnetic field. Filaments always form over polarity inversion lines(PILs), so the study of tilt angles for these filaments can provide valuable information about generation of a magnetic field in the Sun. We investigate the tilt angles of filaments and other properties using McIntosh Archive data. We fit a straight line to each filament to estimate its tilt angle. We examine the variation of mean tilt angle with time. The latitude distribution of positive tilt angle filaments and negative tilt angle filaments reveals that there is a dominance of positive tilt angle filaments in the southern hemisphere and negative tilt angle filaments dominate in the northern hemisphere. We study the variation of the mean tilt angle for low and high latitudes separately. Investigations of temporal variation with filament number indicate that total filament number and low latitude filament number vary cyclically, in phase with the solar cycle. There are fewer filaments at high latitudes and they also show a cyclic pattern in temporal variation. We also study the north-south asymmetry of filaments with different latitude criteria.

关键词： Sun filaments,prominences-Sun magnetic fields-Sun corona-Sun activity-(Sun:)sunspots

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Analysis of Age Dependent Effects of Heat Stress on EEG Frequency Components in Rats

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2009年第2期22卷 141-150页

作者： rakesh KUMAR SINHA Department of Biomedical Instrumentation Birla Institute of Technology

Objective To demonstrate changes in different frequencies of cerebral electrical activity or electroencephalogram （EEG） following exposure to high environmental heat in three different age groups of freely moving rats. Methods Rats were divided into three groups （i） acute heat stress - subjected to a single exposure for four hours at 38 ℃; （ii） chronic heat stress exposed for 21 days daily for one hour at 38 ℃, and （iii） handling control groups. The digital polygraphic sleep-EEG recordings were performed just after the heat exposure from acute stressed rats and on 22nd day from chronic stressed rats by simultaneous recording of cortical EEG, EOG （electrooculogram）, and EMG （electromyogram）. Further, power spectrum analyses were performed to analyze the effects of heat stress. Results The frequency analysis of EEG signals following exposure to high environmental heat revealed that in all three age groups of rats, changes in higher frequency components （β2） were significant in all sleep-wake states following both acute and chronic heat stress conditions. After exposure to acute heat, significant changes in EEG frequencies with respect to their control groups were observed, which were reversed partly or fully in four hours of EEG recording. On the other hand, due to repetitive chronic exposure to hot environment, adaptive and long-term changes in EEG frequency patterns were observed. Conclusion The present study has exhibited that the cortical EEG is sensitive to environmental heat and alterations in EEG frequencies in different sleep-wake states due to heat stress can be differentiated efficiently by EEG power spectrum analysis.

关键词： Electroencephalogram Heat stress Power spectrum Sleep Rats

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