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Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 2020年第8期30卷 2156-2169页

作者： rajveer singh Sachin singh P.K.C.KANIGALPULA J.S.SAINI Department of Mechanical Engineering Thapar Institute of Engineering and TechnologyPatiala-147004PunjabIndia

为了在焊接析出硬化铜铬锆(PH-CuCrZr)合金时保持结构的一致性,采用电子束焊接(EBW)工艺。对PH-CuCrZr合金零件的EBW过程进行实验研究和数值模拟,建立三维有限元模型,以预测输出响应(焊道熔透和焊道宽度)与EBW输入参数(电子束电流、加... 详细信息

为了在焊接析出硬化铜铬锆(PH-CuCrZr)合金时保持结构的一致性,采用电子束焊接(EBW)工艺。对PH-CuCrZr合金零件的EBW过程进行实验研究和数值模拟,建立三维有限元模型,以预测输出响应(焊道熔透和焊道宽度)与EBW输入参数(电子束电流、加速电压和焊接速度)之间的函数关系。采用一种具有高斯热分布的圆形、园锥形复合热源模拟EBW过程的深熔焊特性。在Ansys软件中开发用户自定义函数,进行数值模拟。将数值模拟结果与实验结果进行比较,两者吻合较好。所建模型可用于EBW过程中广泛涉及复杂几何形状问题的参数研究。输入电流是对焊道熔透和焊道宽度影响最大的输入参数,其贡献率分别为44.56%和81.13%。

关键词：电子束焊接焊道宽度焊道熔透模拟铜铬锆合金

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The Challenges of Diagnosis and Control of Enterotoxaemia Caused by <i>Clostridium perfringens</i>in Small Ruminants

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Advances in Microbiology 2020年第5期10卷 238-273页

作者： rajveer singh Pawaiya Kumaresan Gururaj Neeraj Kumar Gangwar Desh Deepak singh Rahul Kumar Ashok Kumar Division of Animal Health ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Goats Mathura India Department of Veterinary Pathology College of Veterinary Science & Animal Husbandry DUVASU Mathura India Department of Veterinary Pathology College of Veterinary Science & Animal Husbandry NDAUT Kumarganj Faizabad India

Enterotoxaemia is one of the important pathologies caused by Clostridium perfringens, which produces intestinal and systemic disease in goats, sheep and other animals. These Gram-positive anaerobic bacteria are normally resident in the intestinal tract of ruminants but during favourable conditions, proliferate uncontrollably and release toxins which produce disease in the host. Different strains of C. perfringens are responsible for several clinical syndromes, including lamb dysentery, pulpy kidney disease and struck. However, the pathology and pathogenesis of caprine enterotoxaemia is not well understood, with limited studies available in goats. Caprine enterotoxaemia can be controlled with the better understanding of its risk factors and pathogenesis. The diagnosis of enterotoxaemia in animals is complex and often requires group of tests than one single test for better specificity and sensitivity. Tentative diagnosis of enterotoxaemia in sheep and goats is based on the history, clinical signs and gross lesions during post-mortem examination of animals;however, confirmatory diagnosis of enterotoxaemia requires different laboratory diagnostic tools. Toxin detection of C. perfringens in case of enterotoxaemia is furthermost accepted benchmark in establishing a definitive diagnosis of enterotoxaemia in intestinal contents. Measuring urine glucose or observing Gram-stained smears of intestinal mucosa can be used as supplementary tests. However, it is also imperative that enterotoxaemia cannot be ruled out in the event of negativity of aforementioned diagnostic tests. Hence, definitive diagnosis of enterotoxaemia in goats can be achieved with the use of molecular techniques (PCR, ELISA and immune-fluorescence) coupled with toxin detection in intestine or biological assays including mouse inoculation test (MIT). In case of goats, vaccine efficacy is poor which may be due to need of high to moderate level of serum antibodies to protect against both systemic and enteric ef

关键词： Clostridium perfringens Control Diagnosis Enterotoxaemia Goat Prevention Sheep Small Ruminants

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