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Management of urethral strictures after masculinizing genital surgery in transgender men

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Plastic and Aesthetic Research 2022年第1期9卷 361-370页

作者： Ariel Zisman Joseph A.Baiocco rajveer s.purohit Department of Urology Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai HospitalNew YorkNY 10075USA

Transgender men undergoing phalloplasty and metoidioplasty have a high rate of urethral *** of stricture includes evaluation of symptoms and uroflow,cystoscopy,and retrograde *** anatomic differences between the phallus of cis-gender and transgender men increase the likelihood and complexity of treating urethral strictures in transgender men after *** strictures after masculinizing procedures are more likely to require open surgical treatment and recur after *** is a paucity of data,but less invasive options such as dilation and urethrotomy have had minimal *** surgical options with a variety of techniques,including one-stage and two-stage techniques,have higher success rates in treating strictures,but there is minimal comparative data on *** present a review on management options for urethral reconstruction in transgender men and our data on urethroplasty for these patients.

关键词： Phalloplasty urethroplasty urethral stricture disease gender-affirming surgery metoidioplasty

Germ cell development in teleost gonads

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Aquaculture and Fisheries 2024年第3期9卷 422-436页

作者： Partigya sharma shriya purohit sachin Kothiyal Indrashis Bhattacharya Department of Zoology HNB Garhwal UniversitySrinagar CampusPauri Garhwal246174India

Among vertebrate species,fishes are considered to be the most developmentally diverse taxa exhibiting remarkable gonadal plasticity with capacity of sex *** determination in teleost fishes is governed via a complex regulatory network involving multiple genetic,environmental(temperature,population density,pH),social interaction/stress *** germ-line originates as Primordial germ cells(PGC)from cleavage blastomeres/endoderm and gets specified by maternal inheritance of Vasa,N anos,Tdrds,Dnd,Dazl etc and subsequently migrates to reach the embryonic gonadal ***-hatching,mitotically active germ cells(Gc)continue to proliferate via two distinct pathways-firstly,stem cell-like mode followed by meiosis-committed cystic *** Japanese rice fish medaka,Oryzias latipes sex gets determined on the chromosomal basis,where XY becomes a male because of testicular Dmy transcription and XX develops as female owing to Gc restricted Foxl 3 *** specific germ-line stem cell systems also have been found in adult *** in teleost fishes,the developmental fate of transplanted Gc do not depend on the sex of the donor rather solely relies upon the sex of the ***,sexually mature piscine gonads remain developmentally plastic showing extensive responsiveness towards sex *** critical regulation of gonadal differentiation is directed by female specific 17β-estradiol(E2)and bio-active male androgen 11-keto-testosretone(11-kT).Various transcription factors(TFs)e.g.-Dmrt1,DAX1,Ad4BP/sF-1,Foxl 2 regulate the bio-conversion rate of testosterone(T)to either E2 or ***,multiple endocrine factors(EFs)e.g.-LH,FsH,E2,11-kT and growth factors(GFs)e.g-AMH,GsDF,IGF-1/3,GDF-9/BMP-15 critically induce Gc differentiation to regulate the gametogenic *** this article we have precisely discussed the endocrine regulation of Gc development during gonadal maturation of teleosts.

关键词： Testis spermatogenesis sperm Ovary Oogenesis Egg Gonads

solutions of Fractional Partial Differential Equations of Quantum Mechanics

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Advances in Applied Mathematics and Mechanics 2013年第5期5卷 639-651页

作者： s.D.purohit Department of Basic sciences(Mathematics) College of Technology and EngineeringM.P.University of Agriculture and TechnologyUdaipur-313001India

The aimof this article is to investigate the solutions of generalized fractional partial differential equations involving Hilfer time fractional derivative and the space fractional generalized Laplace operators,occurring in quantum *** solutions of these equations are obtained by employing the joint Laplace and Fourier transforms,in terms of the Fox’s *** special cases as solutions of one dimensional non-homogeneous fractional equations occurring in the quantum mechanics are *** results given earlier by saxena et al.[***.,13(2)(2010),pp.177-190]and purohit and Kalla[***.,44(4)(2011),045202]follow as special cases of our findings.

关键词： Fractional schrodinger equation Laplace transform Fourier transform Hilfer fractional derivative Fox’s H-function and Quantum mechanics

spatial distribution of fossil fuel derived CO_(2) over India using radiocarbon measurements in crop plants

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Journal of Environmental sciences 2023年第2期124卷 19-30页

作者： rajveer sharma Ravi Kumar Kunchala sunil Ojha Pankaj Kumar satinath Gargari sundeep Chopra Inter University Accelerator Centre New Delhi 110067India Centre for Atmospheric sciences Indian Institute of Technology DelhiNew Delhi 110016India

Examining the contribution of fossil fuel CO_(2) to the total CO_(2) changes in the atmosphere is of primary concern due to its alarming levels of fossil fuel emissions over the globe,specifically developing *** radiocarbon represents an important observational constraint and utilized to trace fossil fuel derived CO_(2)(CO_(2ff))in the *** the first time,we have presented a detailed analysis on the spatial distribution of fossil fuel derived CO_(2)(CO_(2ff))over India using radiocarbon(Δ14C)measurements during three-year *** shows that theΔ14C values are varying between 29.33‰ to-34.06‰ across India in the year 2017,where highest value belongs to a location from Gujarat while lowest value belongs to a location from *** on the14C patterns,spatial distributions of CO_(2ff) mole fractions have been determined over India and the calculated values of CO_(2ff) mole fractions are varying between 4.85 ppm to 26.59 ppm across *** is also noticed that the highest CO_(2ff) mole fraction is observed as 26.59 ppm from a site in ***_(2ff) mole fraction values from four high altitude sites are found to be varied between 4.85 ppm to 14.87 *** of sampling different crop plants from the same growing season and different crop plant organs(grains,leaves,stems)on theΔ14C and CO_(2ff) have been *** and intra seasonal variations in theΔ14C and CO_(2ff) mole fractions have also been analyzed from a rural location(Dholpur,Rajasthan).

关键词： Carbon dioxide Crop plants Fossil fuel CO_(2) Radiocarbon measurements

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substrate Evolution to Microstructural and Optoelectrical Properties of Evaporated Cds Thin Films Correlated with Elemental Composition

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Acta Metallurgica sinica(English Letters) 2021年第9期34卷 1307-1316页

作者： Anuradha purohit Himanshu s.L.Patel s.Chander M.s.Dhaka Department of Physics Mohanlal Sukhadia UniversityUdaipur 313001India Department of Chemical sciences Indian Institute of Science Education and Research.Mohali 140306India Centre for Advanced study in Physics Department of PhysicsPanjab UniversityChandigarh 160014India

A typical high-e fficiency solar cell device needs the best lattice matching between different constituent layers to mitigate the open-circuit voltage loss. In the present work, the physical properties of Cds thin films are investigated where films with 100 nm thickness were fabricated on the different types of substrates viz. soda–lime glass, indium-doped tin oxide(ITO)-and fl uorine-doped tin oxide(FTO)-coated glass substrates, and silicon wafer using electron beam evaporation. The X-ray diffraction patterns confirmed that deposited thin films showed cubic phase and had(111) as predominant orientation where the structural parameters were observed to be varied with nature of substrates. The ohmic behaviour of the Cds films was disclosed by current–voltage characteristics, whereas the scanning electron microscopy micrograph revealed the uniform deposition of the Cds films with the presence of round-shaped grains. The elemental analysis confirmed the Cds films deposition where the Cd/s weight percentage ratio was changed with nature of substrates. The direct energy band gap was observed in the 1.63–2.50 eV range for the films grown on different substrates. The investigated properties of thin Cds layers demonstrated that the selection of substrate(in terms of nature) during device fabrication plays a crucial role.

关键词： Cds thin films substrate evolution E-beam evaporation Microstructural properties Optoelectrical properties

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Primary biliary cirrhosis: Pathophysiology, clinical presentation and therapy

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World Journal of Hepatology 2015年第7期7卷 926-941页

作者： Treta purohit Mitchell s Cappell Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology William Beaumont Hospital Oakland University William Beaumont school of Medicine

Primary biliary cirrhosis(PBC) is an autoimmune, slowly progressive, cholestatic, liver disease characterized by a triad of chronic cholestasis, circulating anti-mitochondrial antibodies(AMA), and characteristic liver biopsy findings of nonsuppurative destructive cholangitis and interlobular bile duct destruction. About 10% of PBC patients, however, lack AMA. A variant, called PBC-autoimmune hepatitis(AIH) overlap, is characterized by the above findings of PBC together with findings of elevated serum alanine aminotransferase, elevated serum immunoglobulin G, and circulating anti-smooth muscle antibodies, with liver biopsy demonstrating periportal or periseptal, lymphocytic, piecemeal necrosis. PBC is hypothesized to be related to environmental exposure in genetically vulnerable individuals. It typically occurs in middle-aged females. Prominent clinical features include fatigue, pruritis, jaundice, xanthomas, osteoporosis, and dyslipidemia. The Mayo Risk score is the most widely used and best prognostic system. Ursodeoxycholic acid is the primary therapy. It works partly by reducing the concentration and injury from relatively toxic bile acids. PBC-AIH overlap syndrome is treated with ursodeoxycholic acid and corticosteroids, especially budesonide. Obeticholic acid and fibrate are promising new, but incompletely tested, therapies. Liver transplantation is the definitive therapy for advanced disease, with about 70% 10-year survival after transplantation. Management of pruritis includes local skin care, dermatologist referral, avoiding potential pruritogens, cholestyramine, and possibly opioid antagonists, sertraline, or rifaximin. Management of osteoporosis includes life-style modifications, administration of calcium and vitamin D, and alendronate. statins are relatively safe to treat the osteopenia associated with PBC. Associated sjogren's syndrome is treated by artificial tears, cyclosporine ophthalmic emulsion to stimulate tear production; and saliva substitutes, c

关键词： Primary biliary cirrhosis Ursodeoxycholicacid Cirrhosis Liver transplantation Cholestatic liverdisease

Enhanced electromagnetic absorption in ferrite and tantalum pentoxide based polypyrrole nanocomposite

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Progress in Natural science:Materials International 2019年第2期29卷 170-176页

作者： Preeti Gairola L.P.purohit s.P.Gairola Preetam Bhardwaj shivani Kaushik Department of Physics Gurukul Kangri Vishwavidyalaya Haridwar Uttaranchal University

The electromagnetic interference(EMI) shielding properties of polypyrrole/barium ferrite/tantalum pentoxide nanocomposite were studied in the X-band frequency range from 8.2 GHz to 12.4 GHz. The nanocomposites were chemically synthesized at room temperature and then characterized by various techniques. The dielectric material parameters were calculated based on the experimental scattering parameters using Nicholson–Ross and Weir algorithms. The synthesized nanocomposites demonstrated that the shielding effectiveness up to 50 dB depended upon the dielectric loss and weight fraction of ferrite and Ta2O5in the polymer matrix.

关键词： Polypyrrole In-situ polymerization Composite EMI shielding effectiveness Ferrites Dielectric material

Comparative analysis of greenhouse gas emission inventory for Pakistan: Part Ⅱ agriculture, forestry and other land use and waste

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Advances in Climate Change Research 2021年第1期12卷 132-144页

作者： Kaleem Anwar MIR Chunkyoo PARK Pallav purohit seungdo KIM Research Centre for Climate Change and Energy Department of Environmental Sciences and BiotechnologyHallym UniversityChuncheon24252Republic of Korea Ministry of Environment Government Complex-SejongSejong-si30103Republic of Korea International Institute for Applied systems Analysis LaxenburgA-2361Austria Global Change Impact studies Centre Ministry of Climate ChangeGovernment of PakistanIslamabad44000Pakistan

Understanding Pakistan's greenhouse gas(GHG)emission status is critical for identifying the national targets for GHG mitigation with respect to the nationally determined contributions(NDCs).This study focuses on the development of Pakistan's GHG(C0_(2),CH_(4),and N20)inventories for agriculture,forestry and other land use(AFOLU)and waste sectors using 2006 IPCC *** study should be seen as a direct continuation of the preceding one(Part I[Available online at:https://***/10.1016/***.2020.05.002])which discusses energy and industrial processes and product use in compliance with the 2006 and 1996 IPCC *** also provides sector-specific comparative time series(1994-2017)analysis of GHG inventories,identification of key categories,and national GHG emissions trend for *** results indicate an average relative difference(on average for time series 1994-2017)of 19%and 6%in total GHG emissions(C0_(2)-eq)from AFOLU and waste sector respectively between 2006 and 1996 IPCC *** absolute difference over the entire time series for AFOLU and waste sector was in the range of 3-67 Mt C0_(2)-eq and 1-7 Mt CQ2-eq *** further reveal that the quantity of national GHG emissions by 2006 IPCC Guidelines is 10%lower on average for complete time series compared to 1996 IPCC *** average relative difference for total national emissions of C0_(2),CH_(4) and N20 is-1%,9%,and 48%*** category analysis based on 2006 IPCC Guidelines estimates identified three categories,each contributing>10%to the level assessment in the latest year 2017 and accounting for approximately half of the national GHG *** order to further improve the reliability of GHG inventories,Pakistan needs to move from 1996 to 2006 IPCC Guidelines under a higher Tier approach particularly for identified key categories.

关键词： Greenhouse gas Emission inventory Agriculture Forestry and other land use Waste sector Time series analysis Key categories Pakistan

Electron beam welding of precipitation hardened CuCrZr alloy:Modeling and experimentation

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Transactions of Nonferrous Metals society of China 2020年第8期30卷 2156-2169页

作者： rajveer sINGH sachin sINGH P.K.C.KANIGALPULA J.s.sAINI Department of Mechanical Engineering Thapar Institute of Engineering and TechnologyPatiala-147004PunjabIndia

In order to maintain the structural consistency during the welding of precipitation hardened copperchromium-zirconium(PH-CuCrZr)alloy components,electron beam welding(EBW)process was *** study and numerical modeling of EBW process during welding of PH-CuCrZr alloy components were carried out.A 3D finite element model was developed to predict the output responses(bead penetration and bead width)as a function of EBW input parameters(beam current,acceleration voltage and weld speed).A combined circular and conical source with Gaussian heat distribution was used to model the deep penetration characteristic of the EBW *** modeling was carried out by developing user defined function in Ansys *** predictions were compared with the experimental results which had a good agreement with each *** developed model can be used for parametric study in wide range of problems involving complex geometries which are to be welded using EBW *** present work illustrates that the input current with a contribution of 44.56%and 81.13%is the most significant input parameter for the bead penetration and bead width,respectively.

关键词： electron beam welding bead width bead penetration modeling copper-chromium-zirconium alloy

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