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High Strain-Rate and Shock Resp.nse of Carbon Sup.rcomp.siteTM

Op.n Journal of Comp.site Materials 2024年第3期14卷 132-145页

作者： Suman Babu Ukyam raju p. mantena Damian L. Stoddard Arunachalam M. Rajendran Dep.rtment of Mechanical Engineering University of Mississippi Mississippi USA

This study focuses on assessing the dynamic behaviors of carbon Sup.rcomp.siteTM laminates when subjected to high strain-rates and air blast loads, using a shock tube for testing. The investigation aims to understand the resp.nse of these advanced materials under extreme conditions, which is crucial for ap.lications in aerosp.ce, military, and other high-p.rformance industries. Sup.rcomp.siteTM (CZE) p.ep.eg, made up.of a 3K p.ain weave carbon fabric with milled carbon fibers as interlaminar reinforcements imp.egnated with ep.xy, is used to create Sup.rcomp.siteTM (CZE) laminates. A woven carbon comp.site (CBE) laminate was also created using 3K p.ain weave Carbon/Ep.xy (CBE) p.ep.eg. Both typ.s of laminates were designed and fabricated using the autoclave p.ocess. The dynamic behaviors of CZE and CBE laminate under transverse comp.ession loads were evaluated using a modified Sp.it Hop.inson p.essure Bar (SHp.). The study found that the 3D reinforcement with milled carbon fibers significantly affected the dynamic behavior of the CZE laminate. Stereo imaging videos, cap.ured using two SHIMADZU high-sp.ed video cameras in shock tube exp.riments, recorded the time history of back surface deflection. The p.ate sp.cimens exhibited low deflections without any visible damage. The exp.rimentally observed center p.int deflections of the CZE p.ates decayed sooner than those of the CBE laminates, indicating an imp.ovement in damp.ng due to the p.esence of 3D reinforced milled carbon fibers. This research shows that op.imized utilization of milled carbon fibers as 3D reinforcement can withstand high stress in the thickness direction and higher energy absorp.ion when subjected to imp.ct and high strain-rate loading.

关键词： Sup.rcomp.siteTM GOM Software 3D Reinforcement Milled Carbon Fibers Sp.it Hop.inson p.essure Bar (SHp.) Air-Blast Loads

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High Strain-Rate and Shock Resp.nse of Carbon Sup.rcomp.siteTM

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Op.n Journal of Comp.site Materials（复合材料期刊） 2024年第3期 132页

作者： Suman Babu Ukyam raju p. mantena Damian L. Stoddard Arunachalam M. Rajendran

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Dynamic Flexural Modulus and Low-Velocity Imp.ct Resp.nse of Sup.rcomp.site<sup.gt;TM</sup.gt;Laminates with Vertical Z-Axis Milled Carbon Fiber Reinforcement

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Materials Sciences and Ap.lications 2021年第4期12卷 152-170页

作者： Suman Babu Ukyam raju p. mantena Damian L. Stoddard Arunachalam M. Rajendran Robert D. Moser Dep.rtment of Mechanical Engineering University of Mississippi Mississippi USA Materials—US Army ERDC GSL Vicksburg Mississippi USA

In work rep.rted here, the dynamic p.op.rties and low-velocity imp.ct resp.nse of woven carbon/ep.xy laminates incorp.rating a novel 3D interlaminar reinforcement concep. with dense layers of Z-axis oriented milled ca... 详细信息

In work reported here, the dynamic properties and low-velocity impact response of woven carbon/epoxy laminates incorporating a novel 3D interlaminar reinforcement concept with dense layers of Z-axis oriented milled carbon fiber Supercompositep.TMp. prepregs, are presented. Impulse-frequency response vibration technique is used for non-destructive evaluation of the dynamic flexural modulus (stiffness) and loss factor (intrinsic damping) of woven carbon/epoxy control and Supercompositep.TMp. laminates. Low-velocity punch-shear tests were performed on control and Supercompositep.TMp. laminates according to ASTM D3763 Standard using a drop-weight impact test system. Control panels had all layers of 3K plain woven carbon/epoxy prepregs, with a dense interlaminar reinforcement of milled carbon fibers in Z- direction used in designing the Supercompositep.TMp. laminate—both having same areal density. Impulse-frequency response vibration experiments show that with a 50% replacement of woven carbon fabric in control panel with milled carbon fibers in Z direction dynamic flexural modulus reduced 25%p.n> - 30% (loss in stiffness) and damping increased by about the same 25% - p.n style="font-family:Verdana;">

关键词： Sup.rcomp.siteTM Damp.ng Ratio Dynamic Flexural Modulus Milled Carbon Fibers Low-Velocity p.nch-Shear

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Dynamic Flexural Modulus and Low-Velocity Imp.ct Resp.nse of Sup.rcomp.siteTM Laminates with Vertical Z-Axis Milled Carbon Fiber Reinforcement

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Materials Sciences and Ap.lications（材料科学与应用期刊） 2021年第4期

作者： Suman Babu Ukyam raju p. mantena Damian L. Stoddard Arunachalam M. Rajendran Robert D. Moser

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Imp.oved neurological diagnoses and treatment strategies via automated human brain tissue segmentation from clinical magnetic resonance imaging

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智慧医学（英文） 2024年第3期04卷 161-169页

作者： Kumar p.ranam Revanth Jha Rajesh Kumar Kumar p.Akhendra raju B Deevena Dep.rtment of Electronics and Communication Engineering Faculty of Science and Technology ICFAI Foundation for Higher Education Hyderabad India Dep.rtment of Data Science &amp AI Faculty of Science and Technology ICFAI Foundation for Higher Education Hyderabad India

Objective:Segmentation of medical images is a crucial p.ocess in various image analysis ap.lications. Automated segmentation methods excel in accuracy when comp.red to manual segmentation in the context of medical image analysis. One of the essential p.ases in the quantitative analysis of the brain is automated brain tissue segmentation using clinically obtained magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data. It allows for p.ecise quantitative examination of the brain, which aids in diagnosis, identification, and classification of disorders. Consequently, the efficacy of the segmentation ap.roach is crucial to disease diagnosis and treatment ***:This study p.esented a hybrid op.imization method for segmenting brain tissue in clinical MRI scans using a fractional Henry horse herd gas op.imization-based Shep.rd convolutional neural network (FrHHGO-based ShCNN). To segment the clinical brain MRI images into white matter (WM), grey matter (GM), and cerebrosp.nal fluid (CSF) tissues, the p.op.sed framework was evaluated on the Lifesp.n Human Connectome p.ojects (HCp. database. The hybrid op.imization algorithm, FrHHGO, integrates the fractional Henry gas op.imization (FHGO) and horse herd op.imization (HHO) algorithms. Training required 30 min, whereas testing and segmentation of brain tissues from an unseen image required an average of 12 ***:Comp.red to the results obtained with no refinements, the Skull strip.ing refinement showed significant imp.ovement. As the method included a p.ep.ocessing stage, it was flexible enough to enhance image quality, allowing for better results even with low-resolution inp.t. Maximum p.ecision of 93.2%, recall of 91.5%, Dice score of 91.1%, and F1-score of 90.5% were achieved using the p.op.sed FrHHGO-based ShCNN, which was sup.rior to all other ***:The p.op.sed method may outp.rform existing state-of-the-art methodologies in qualitative and quantitative measurements across a wide range of medical modalities.

关键词： Brain tissue segmentation Deep.learning Magnetic resonance imaging Op.imization technique Shep.rd convolutional neural network

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Viscoelastic Resp.nse of Grap.ite p.atelet and CTBN Reinforced Vinyl Ester Nanocomp.sites

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Materials Sciences and Ap.lications 2011年第11期2卷 1667-1674页

作者： Brahmananda p.amanik p. raju mantena 不详

Develop.ng stronger, safer and more cost-effective structural materials for the new generation naval ship. is the focus of ongoing research at University of Mississip.i. The light-weight nanop.rticle reinforced glass/carbon p.lymeric based comp.sites and structural foams for blast, shock and imp.ct mitigation are emp.asized in this research. Derakane 510A-40 brominated vinyl ester nanocomp.site resin systems are considered to be used in the comp.site face sheets of sandwich structures with fire-resistant foam core to reduce flammability along with op.imal flexural rigidity, vibrational damp.ng and enhanced energy absorp.ion. In this work, the viscoelastic p.rformance of 1.25 and 2.5 weight p.rcent exfoliated grap.ite nanop.atelet (xGnp. added with 10 weight p.rcent Carboxy Terminated Butadiene Nitrile (CTBN) reinforced brominated vinyl ester nanocomp.sites are studied. A Dynamic Mechanical Analyzer (DMA) - TA Instruments Model Q800 was used to obtain the viscoelastic p.op.rties, modulus (stiffness), creep.stress relaxation, and damp.ng (energy dissip.tion), of the exfoliated grap.ite p.atelet and CTBN reinforced brominated vinyl ester. Effects of frequency (time) on the viscoelastic behavior were investigated by sweep.ng the frequency over three decades: 0.01, 0.1, 1.0 and 10 Hz, temp.rature range from 30°C to 15°C at 4°C p.r minute step.rate. Master curves were generated by time-temp.rature sup.rp.sitioning (TTS) of the exp.rimental data at 50°C reference temp.rature. Addition of CTBN in xGnp.reinforced brominated vinyl ester comp.sites resulted in greater intrinsic material damp.ng, indicating the p.ssibility of higher energy absorp.ion with the new configuration.

关键词： Nanocomp.site CTBN Viscoelastic TTS Material Damp.ng Energy Absorp.ion

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Energy Absorp.ion of Nano-Reinforced and Sandwich Comp.sites in Ballistic and Low-Velocity p.nch-Shear

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Op.n Journal of Comp.site Materials 2012年第3期2卷 87-96页

作者： Brahmananda p.amanik p. raju mantena Dep.rtment of Mechanical Engineering University of Mississippi Oxford USA Dep.rtment of Mechanical Engineering University of Mississippi Oxford USA.

This p.p.r p.esents an investigation on energy absorp.ion characteristics of nano-reinforced p.nels, laminated face sheets and sandwich comp.sites in high velocity ballistic and low velocity p.nch-shear exp.riments. The vinyl ester p.nels were reinforced with 1.25 and 2.5 wt. p.rcent nanoclay and exfoliated grap.ite p.atelets. Three different face sheets were manufactured with E-glass, Owens Corning Hp.ShieldStrand? glass and T-700 Carbon woven fabric in vinyl ester;and one with the E-glass and grap.ite p.atelets imp.egnated vinyl ester matrix. The sandwich comp.sites were fabricated with balsa, p.C foam, 3D-fiber reinforced Tycor? and fire resistant fly-ash based Eco-Core? cores in between E-glass/vinyl ester face sheets. Ballistic tests were conducted according to NIJ level III using a universal receiver equip.ed with a barrel to launch 0.308 caliber M80 ball round p.ojectile at about 890 m/s. Low velocity p.nch-shear tests were p.rformed at around 3 m/s according to ASTM D3763 Standard using a drop.weight imp.ct test system. The tortuosity of the fractured surface in nanocomp.site sp.cimens has been investigated using digital microscop.. In ballistic tests, the 3-D fiber reinforced Tycor? core p.ovided the most resistance when p.ojectile strikes at the web-flange interface region. The 2.5 wt. p.t. grap.ite p.atelet reinforced nanocomp.site, Hp.ShieldStrand? glass vinyl ester face sheets, and E-glass/Eco-Core? sandwich comp.site showed the best energy absorp.ion under low velocity p.nch-shear.

关键词： Energy Absorp.ion Tortuosity Ballistic p.nch-Shear Nanocomp.sites Sandwich Comp.sites

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Energy Absorp.ion of p.ltruded Hybrid GlassGrap.ite Ep.xy Comp.sites under High Strain-Rate SHp. Comp.ession Loading

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Materials Sciences and Ap.lications 2015年第6期6卷 511-518页

作者： Seyed Soheil Daryadel Cameron Ray Tejas p.ndya p. raju mantena Comp.site Structures and Nano-Engineering Research Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Mississippi Oxford USA

In this study, the dynamic resp.nse and energy absorp.ion characteristics of different combinations of fiber-reinforced p.ltruded hybrid comp.sites made of unidirectional glass and grap.ite fiber/ep.xy, have been investigated. High strain-rate comp.ession exp.riments were conducted on cylindrical sp.cimens at an average strain rate of 700 /s using a modified Sp.it Hop.inson p.essure Bar (SHp.). Failure was monitored with a high-sp.ed video camera, and effects of hybridization on the dynamic behavior of p.ltruded comp.sites were evaluated. It was found that for a given fiber volume fraction, p.acing glass fibers in the inner core results in a higher ultimate comp.essive strength, sp.cific energy absorp.ion, and in general a better dynamic p.rformance with lower density.

关键词： p.ltruded Comp.sites Hybrids Dynamic Comp.essive Resp.nse SHp.

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Indirect Tensile Characterization of Grap.ite p.atelet Reinforced Vinyl Ester Nanocomp.sites at High-Strain Rate

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Op.n Journal of Comp.site Materials 2014年第4期4卷 201-214页

作者： Brahmananda p.amanik p. raju mantena Tezeswi Tadep.lli Arunachalam M. Rajendran Dep.rtment of General Engineering Montana Tech of the University of Montana Butte MT USA Dep.rtment of Mechanical Engineering University of Mississippi University MS USA Dep.rtment of Civil Engineering National Institute of Technology (NIT) Warangal India

An indirect tensile testing method is p.op.sed for characterizing low strength grap.ite p.atelet reinforced vinyl ester nanocomp.sites at high-strain rate. In this technique, the traditional Brazilian disk (diametrical comp.ession) test method for brittle materials is utilized along with conventional sp.it-Hop.inson p.essure bars (SHp.) for evaluating cylindrical disk sp.cimens. The cylindrical disk sp.cimen is held snugly in between two concave end fixtures attached to the incident and transmission bars. To eliminate the comp.exities of conventional strain gage ap.lication, a non-contact Laser Occluding Exp.nsion Gage (LOEG) has been adap.ed for measuring the diametrical transverse exp.nsion of the sp.cimen under high-strain rate diametrical comp.essive loading. Failure diagnosis using high-sp.ed digital p.otograp.y validates the viability of utilizing this indirect test method for characterizing the tensile p.op.rties of xGnp.(exfoliated grap.ite nanop.atelets) reinforced and additional CTBN (Carboxyl Terminated Butadiene Nitrile) toughened vinyl ester based nanocomp.sites. Also, quasi-static indirect tensile resp.nse agrees with p.evious investigations conducted using the traditional dog-bone sp.cimen in direct tensile tests. Investigation of both quasi-static and dynamic indirect tensile test resp.nses shows the strain rate effect on the tensile strength and energy absorbing cap.city of the candidate materials. The contribution of reinforcement to the tensile p.op.rties of the candidate materials is p.esented.

关键词： Sp.it Hop.inson p.essure Bars High-Strain Rate Tensile Test Brazilian Disk Test Method Laser Occluding Exp.nsion Gage Nanocomp.sites

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Network and p.age indices from Kodaikanal Ca-K data

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Research in Astronomy and Astrop.ysics 2014年第2期14卷 229-232页

作者： K.p.raju Jagdev Singh Indian Institute of Astrop.ysics

The Ca II K filtergrams from Kodaikanal Solar Observatory have been used to study solar activity. The images are dominated by the chromosp.eric network and p.ages. p.ograms have been develop.d to obtain the network and p.age indices from the daily images as functions of solar latitude and time. p.eliminary results from the analysis are rep.rted here. The network and p.age indices were found to follow the sunsp.t cycle. A secondary p.ak is found during the p.riod of declining activity in both the indices. A comp.rison of network indices from the northern and the southern hemisp.eres shows that the former is more active than the latter. However such an asymmetry is not clearly seen in the p.age index.

关键词： Sun chromosp.ere

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