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Hunting of hunted:an ensemble modeling approach to evaluate suitable habitats for caracals in India

Ecological Processes 2022年第1期11卷 744-757页

作者： Ashish kumar Jangid Chandra Prakash singh Jai singh Parihar Jasbir singh Chauhan rajnish kumar singh Prakash kumar Verma Amritanshu singh Shantanu Sharma Shekhar Kolipaka Wildlife Institute of India DehradunUttarakhand 248001India Space Applications Centre Indian Space Research OrganisationAhmedabadGujarat 380015India Madhya Pradesh State Forest Department Madhya Pradesh Tiger Foundation SocietyKuno National ParkBhopalMadhya Pradesh 462001India Leo Foundation WageningenThe Netherlands

Background:Large-scale hunting and various anthropogenic pressures in the recent past have pushed the Asiatic caracal(Caracal caracal schmitzi),an elusive medium-sized and locally threatened felid species towards local extinction in *** widely distributed historically,it has been sparsely reported from several regions of central and northern states in India till twentieth ***,the species distribution became confined only to the states of Rajasthan,Gujarat and Madhya Pradesh,which have had reported sightings in the twenty-first *** order to highlight the potentially suitable habitats for Asiatic caracals in India,we targeted forth-filtering of the spatial model ensemble by creating and utilizing the validated and spatially thinned species presence information(n=69)and related ecological variables(aridity,NDVI,precipitation seasonality,temperature seasonality,terrain ruggedness),filtered with anthropological variable(nightlight).Results:Out of eight spatial prediction models,the two most parsimonious models,Random Forest(AUC 0.91)and MaxEnt(AUC 0.89)were weighted and *** ensemble model indicated several clustered habitats,covering 1207.83 km^(2)areas in Kachchh(Gujarat),Aravalli mountains(Rajasthan),Malwa plateau(Rajasthan and Madhya Pradesh),and Bundelkhand region(Madhya Pradesh)as potentially suitable habitats for *** probabilities of pixels were further regressed with converted vegetation height data within selected highly potential habitats,i.e.,Ranthambore Kuno Landscape(RKL)(suitability~0.44+0.03(vegetation height)^(**),R^(2)=0.27).The regression model inferred a significant positive relation between vegetation height and habitat suitability,hence the lowest ordinal class out of three classes of converted vegetation height was masked out from the RKL,which yielded in an area of 567 km^(2) as potentially highly suitable habitats for caracals,which can be further proposed as survey areas and conservation priority are

关键词： Medium-sized cat Caracal caracal schmitzi Potentially suitable habitat Drylands Potential survey area

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Evaluation of anti-inflammatory potential of Nardostachys jatamansi rhizome in experimental rodents

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Journal of Coastal Life Medicine 2014年第1期 38-43页

作者： rajnish kumar singh Vaishali Susanta kumar Panda Padala Narasimha Murthy Ghanashyam Panigrahi Pramod kumar Sharma Ramesh kumar Gupta Moradabad Educational Trust Group of Institution Faculty of PharmacyMoradabad-244001Uttar PradeshIndia Royal College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences Berhampur-760002OrissaIndia School of Medical&Allied Sciences Galgotias UniversityG.B.Nagar-201306Uttar PradeshIndia

Objective:To evaluate the anti-inflammatory effect of Nardostachys jatamansi(***)rhizome against acute,subacute and chronic models of inflammation in experimental ***:*** rhizome extract(150 and 300 mg/kg,p.o.)and the reference drugs phenylbutazone(100 mg/kg,p.o.)and acetylsalicylic acid(300 mg/kg,p.o.)were evaluated using models for inflammation(autacoids induced hind paw oedema,formaldehyde induced hind paw oedema,carrageenin-induced paw oedema,cotton pellet granuloma and subcutaneous air pouch model).Results:In acute inflammation as produced by carrageenin 29.06%and 55.81%,by histamine 25.0%and 39.28%,by 5-hydroxytryptamine 21.37%and 36.95%and by prostaglandin E2-induced hind paw oedema 31.03%and 44.82%protection was *** in subacute anti-inflammatory models using formaldehyde-induced hind paw oedema(after 1.5 h)13.88%and 33.33%and in chronic anti-inflammatory model using cotton pellet granuloma 7.4%and 17.58%protection from inflammation was *** rhizome extract also inhibited the inflammatory mediators(nitric oxide by 12.81%and 38.41%,by prostaglandin E212.58%and 47.82%while by TNF-α13.51%and 41.89%)produced in the ***:The results of this study strongly indicate the protective effect of *** rhizome extract against acute,subacute and chronic models of inflammation,which may be attributed to its anti-inflammatory potential.

关键词： Nardostachys jatamansi rhizome Anti-inflammatory Histamine Carrageenin Cotton pellet granuloma

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Anti-hepatotoxic and antioxidant influence of Ipomoea carnea against anti-tubercular drugs induced acute hepatopathy in experimental rodents

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Journal of Coastal Life Medicine 2013年第4期 293-299页

作者： Ramesh kumar Gupta Ashok kumar Gupta Sudhansu Ranjan Swain Vaishali Gaurav Gupta Saifuddin Khalid Didagi Kulkarni Suresh rajnish kumar singh Moradabad Educational Trust Group of Institution Faculty of PharmacyMoradabad-244001Uttar PradeshIndia National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education&Research(NIPER) Hajipur-844101BiharIndia Department of Life Sciences Bukit Jalil Kuala LumpurMalaysia Department of Pharmacology Luqman College of PharmacyGulbarga-585102KarnatakaIndia

Objective:To assess the hepatoprotective effct of Ipomoea carnea(***)extract against antitubercular drug-induced liver toxicity in experimental ***:*** extracts(125,250 and 500 mg/kg,*** weight)were administered daily for 35 d in experimental *** toxicity was induced by combination of three antitubercular drugs(isoniazid 7.5 mg/kg,rifampicin 10 mg/kg and pyrazinamide 35 mg/kg)given orally as suspension for 35 d in *** groups received *** extracts along with antitubercular *** hepatoprotective activity was assessed using various biochemical parameters like aspartate aminotransferase,alanine aminotransferase,alkaline phosphatise and total ***,in-vivo antioxidant activities as lipid peroxidation,reduced glutathione,superoxide dismutase and catalase were measured in rat liver homogenate along with ATPase and *** biochemical observations were supplemented by histopathological ***:Obtained results demonstrated that treatment with *** extracts significantly(P<0.05-P<0.001)and dose-dependently prevented drug induced increase in serum levels of hepatic ***,*** extracts significantly(up to P<0.001)reduced the lipid peroxidation in the liver tissue and restored activities of defence antioxidant enzymes,reduced glutathione,superoxide dismutase and catalase towards normal *** of the liver tissue showed that *** extracts attenuated the hepatocellular necrosis,massive fatty changes and led to reduction in inflammatory cells ***:The results of this study strongly indicate the protective effect of *** extracts against liver injury,which may be attributed to its hepatoprotective activity,and there by scientifically support its traditional use.

关键词： Ipomoea carnea Hepatoprotective Antioxidant Rifampicin Isoniazid Pyrazinamide

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Insights into gastrointestinal manifestation of human immunodeficiency virus:A narrative review

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World Journal of Virology 2025年第1期14卷 51-62页

作者： Pratiksha Moliya Anmol singh Navdeep singh Vikash kumar Aalam Sohal Department of Transplant Hepatology University of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNE 69198United States Department of Medicine Tristar Centennial Medical CenterNashvilleTN 37203United States Department of Medicine Government Medical CollegeAmritsar 143001PunjabIndia Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Creighton University School of MedicinePhoenixAZ 85012United States

Human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)modifies CD4-positive cells,resulting in immunodeficiency and a wide range of gastrointestinal(GI)*** burden of HIV-related GI illnesses has significantly evolved with the widespread use of antiretroviral therapy(ART).While ART has effectively reduced the occurrence of opportunistic infections,it has led to an increase in therapy-related GI *** esophageal conditions in HIV patients include gastroesophageal reflux disease,idiopathic esophageal ulcers,herpes simplex virus,cytomegalovirus(CMV),and candidal ***’s sarcoma,a hallmark of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome,may affect the entire GI *** and peptic ulcer disease are also frequently seen in patients with ***,often linked to both opportunistic infections and ART,requires careful *** diarrhea,often a sign of colitis caused by bacterial infections such as Shigella or Clostridium difficile,is *** bowel lymphoma,although rare,is increasing in *** disorders,including proctitis,fissures,and anal squamous cell carcinoma,are particularly relevant in homosexual men,underlining the importance of timely *** review comprehensively explores the epidemiology,pathogenesis,and treatment considerations for the various GI disorders associated with HIV,highlighting the importance of accurate diagnosis and effective treatment to improve outcomes for HIV-infected patients.

关键词： Human immunodeficiency virus Opportunistic infections Antiretroviral treatment Gastrointestinal

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Telemedicine and public health–pearls and pitfalls

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World Journal of Methodology 2025年第2期15卷 177-179页

作者： Ranjeet kumar Sinha Sony Sinha Prateek Nishant Arvind kumar Morya Arshi singh Department of Community Medicine Patna Medical CollegePatna 800004BiharIndia Department of Ophthalmology-Vitreo-Retina Neuro-Ophthalmology and OculoplastyAll India Institute of Medical SciencesPatna 801507BiharIndia Department of Ophthalmology ESIC Medical CollegePatna 801103BiharIndia Department of Ophthalmology All India Institute of Medical SciencesHyderabad 508126TelanganaIndia Department of Ophthalmology Guru Nanak Eye CenterNew Delhi 110001India

We hereby comment on the interesting systematic review by Grewal et al where they have provided an overall picture of the current status of available tele-health programs in the United States with emphasis on the Amazon *** analysis is an appreciable effort in discovering the features available and features lacking in these tele-health *** concept of tele-health originated to curtail the need for physical attendance of patients at health clinics,and has been beneficial during the coronavirus disease 2019 *** implore that the pearls and pitfalls of these programs have to be understood by policymakers prior to forming a consensus regarding the availability,accessibility and affordability of these programs as methods of healthcare *** proliferation of tele-health programs in their current form may pose threats to patient and provider safety and medicolegal ***,patients and providers must work together to improve them to meet their expectations and enable them to provide the best care for the ailing public.

关键词： Telemedicine Remote Access Availability Accessibility Affordability Ethics Privacy Medicolegal liability

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Comparative efficacy of hyperbaric bupivacaine vs hyperbaric ropivacaine in spinal anesthesia for cesarean section:A metaanalysis

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World Journal of Methodology 2025年第2期15卷 154-165页

作者： Rishi Anand Deb Sanjay Nag Roushan Patel Prashant Sharma Vamsi Krishna Uppalapati Umesh kumar singh Department of Anaesthesiology Tata Main HospitalJamshedpur 831001JhārkhandIndia

BACKGROUND Intrathecal bupivacaine is the traditional anesthetic drug used in spinal anesthesia for caesarean sections(CSs),but ropivacaine has emerged as a potential *** meta-analysis compares the efficacy and safety of intrathecal hyper-baric bupivacaine vs hyperbaric ropivacaine for cesarean *** To systematically evaluate and compare the efficacy and safety of intrathecal hyperbaric bupivacaine and hyperbaric ropivacaine for spinal anesthesia in *** A thorough search of electronic databases was carried out to find pertinent randomized controlled trials(RCTs)comparing intrathecal hyperbaric ropi-vacaine and hyperbaric bupivacaine during ***,Cochrane database,Google Scholar,and Scopus were searched,and papers from January 2000 to January 2024 were deemed eligible and filtered using predetermined inclusion and exclusion *** were assessed for methodological quality,and data were extracted for time to adequate anesthesia(sensory and motor blockade),duration of sensory and motor block,hemodynamic changes and side effect *** standardized mean difference with 95%CI was used for continuous *** variables were assessed using the Mantel-Haenszel test and the random effect model to compute the odds *** Total 8 RCTs were selected from a pool of 119 search results for *** meta-analysis evaluated pooled effect sizes and assessed heterogeneity among the *** primary objective was to compare key outcomes to identify any significant variances in efficacy and safety profiles between two local *** analysis revealed that the difference in the onset of sensory blockade between the two local anesthetics was statistically insignificant(P=0.1586).However,the onset of motor blockade appeared to be faster with bupivacaine(P=0.03589).Additionally,the regression of sensory and motor blockade occurred earlier in the ropivacaine ***,the duration of the first analgesic

关键词： Ropivacaine Bupivacaine Anesthesia Spinal Cesarean section Meta-analysis

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Recent trends in stem cell-based therapies and applications of artificial intelligence in regenerative medicine

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2021年第6期13卷 521-541页

作者： Sayali Mukherjee Garima Yadav rajnish kumar Amity Institute of Biotechnology Amity University Uttar PradeshLucknow 226028Uttar PradeshIndia

Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that can self-renew and differentiate into diverse types of mature and functional cells while maintaining their original *** profound potential of stem cells has been thoroughly investigated for its significance in regenerative medicine and has laid the foundation for cellbased *** medicine is rapidly progressing in healthcare with the prospect of repair and restoration of specific organs or tissue injuries or chronic disease conditions where the body’s regenerative process is not sufficient to *** this review,the recent advances in stem cell-based therapies in regenerative medicine are discussed,emphasizing mesenchymal stem cell-based therapies as these cells have been extensively studied for clinical *** applications of artificial intelligence algorithms in stem cell-based therapies,their limitation,and future prospects are highlighted.

关键词： Artificial intelligence Machine learning Mesenchymal stem cells Regenerative medicine Stem cells Therapy

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Molecular dynamics study on growth of carbon dioxide and methane hydrate from a seed crystal

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2019年第9期27卷 2074-2080页

作者： Prajakta Nakate Bappa Ghosh Subhadip Das Sudip Roy rajnish kumar Chemical Engineering and Process Development National Chemical LaboratoryPune 411008India Physical and Materials Chemistry Division National Chemical LaboratoryPune 411008India Department of Chemistry Chaudhary Ranbir Singh UniversityfindHaryana-126102 Department of Chemical Engineering Indian Institute of TechnologyMadrasChennai 600036Tamil NaduIndia

In the current work,molecular dynamics simulation is employed to understand the intrinsic growth of carbon dioxide and methane hydrate starting from a seed crystal of methane and carbon dioxide *** comparison was carried out because it has relevance to the recovery of methane gas from natural gas hydrate reservoirs by simultaneously sequestering a greenhouse gas like *** seed crystal of carbon dioxide and methane hydrate was allowed to grow from a super-saturated mixture of carbon dioxide or methane molecules in water *** different concentrations(1:6 and 1:8.5)of CO2/CH4 molecules per water molecule were chosen based on gas–water composition in hydrate *** molecular level growth as a function of time was investigated by all atomistic molecular dynamics simulation under suitable temperature and pressure range which was well above the hydrate stability zone to ensure significantly faster growth *** concentration of CO2 molecules in water played a significant role in growth kinetics,and it was observed that maximizing the CO2 concentration in the aqueous phase may not result in faster growth of CO2 *** the contrary,methane hydrate growth was independent of methane molecule concentration in the aqueous *** have validated our results by performing experimental work on carbon dioxide hydrate where it was seen that under conditions appropriate for liquid CO2,the growth for carbon dioxide hydrate was very slow in the beginning.

关键词： CH4 recovery Natural gas hydrate CO2 sequestration Kinetics F4 order parameter Cage dynamics Thermodynamics

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Fractionally Delayed Kalman Filter

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2020年第1期7卷 169-177页

作者： Abhinoy kumar singh Discipline of Electrical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Indore

The conventional Kalman filter is based on the assumption of non-delayed measurements. Several modifications appear to address this problem, but they are constrained by two crucial assumptions: 1) the delay is an integer multiple of the sampling interval, and 2) a stochastic model representing the relationship between delayed measurements and a sequence of possible non-delayed measurements is known. Practical problems often fail to satisfy these assumptions, leading to poor estimation accuracy and frequent track-failure. This paper introduces a new variant of the Kalman filter, which is free from the stochastic model requirement and addresses the problem of fractional *** proposed algorithm fixes the maximum delay(problem specific), which can be tuned by the practitioners for varying delay possibilities. A sequence of hypothetically defined intermediate instants characterizes fractional delays while maximum likelihood based delay identification could preclude the stochastic model requirement. Fractional delay realization could help in improving estimation accuracy. Moreover, precluding the need of a stochastic model could enhance the practical applicability. A comparative analysis with ordinary Kalman filter shows the high estimation accuracy of the proposed method in the presence of delay.

关键词： Gaussian likelihood Kalman filter optimal Kalman gain randomly delayed measurements

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Major Development Under Gaussian Filtering Since Unscented Kalman Filter

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2020年第5期7卷 1308-1325页

作者： Abhinoy kumar singh IEEE Department of Electrical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Indore

Filtering is a recursive estimation of hidden states of a dynamic system from noisy *** problems appear in several branches of science and technology,ranging from target tracking to biomedical monitoring.A commonly practiced approach of filtering with nonlinear systems is Gaussian *** early Gaussian filters used a derivative-based implementation,and suffered from several drawbacks,such as the smoothness requirements of system models and poor stability.A derivative-free numerical approximation-based Gaussian filter,named the unscented Kalman filter(UKF),was introduced in the nineties,which offered several advantages over the derivativebased Gaussian *** the proposition of UKF,derivativefree Gaussian filtering has been a highly active research *** paper reviews significant developments made under Gaussian filtering since the proposition of *** review is particularly focused on three categories of developments:i)advancing the numerical approximation methods;ii)modifying the conventional Gaussian approach to further improve the filtering performance;and iii)constrained filtering to address the problem of discrete-time formulation of process *** review highlights the computational aspect of recent developments in all three *** performance of various filters are analyzed by simulating them with real-life target tracking problems.

关键词： Bayesian framework cubature rule-based filtering Gaussian filters Gaussian sum and square-root filtering nonlinear filtering quadrature rule-based filtering unscented transformation

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