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1-Sulfopyridinium chloride:Green and expeditious ionic liquid for the one-pot synthesis of fused 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-ones and thiones under solvent-free conditions

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2015年第3期26卷 309-312页

作者： Ravibabu Velpula Janardhan Banothu rajitha Gali rajitha Deshineni rajitha Bavantula Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Department of Chemistry Osmania University

1-Sulfopyridinium chloride portrayed as an efficient and recyclable ionic liquid for the synthesis of fused3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2（1H）-ones and thiones via a modified Biginelli reaction involving one-pot three component condensation of 6-methoxy-1-tetralone,arylaldehydes and urea/thiourea under solventfree *** pure products are formed within 10–20 min in excellent yields.

关键词： fused ionic benzaldehyde condensation thiourea methoxy aldehydes aromatic Ionic hydroxyphenyl

Brφnsted acidic ionic liquid catalyzed highly efficient synthesis of chromeno pyrimidinone derivatives and their antimicrobial activity

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2012年第9期23卷 1015-1018页

作者： Janardhan Banothu rajitha Bavanthula Department of Chemistry National Institute of TechnologyWarangal 506004APIndia

A series of 8,9-dihydro-2-（2-oxo-2H-chromen-3-yl）-5-aryl-3H-chromeno[2,3-d]pyrimidine-4,6（5H^7H）-diones （Sa-j）have been synthesized by the reaction of 2-amino-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-5-oxo-4-aryl-4H-chromene-3-carbonitrile （4a-j） with couma- rin-3-catboxylic acid under neat conditions employing Brnsted acidic ionic liquid （4-sulfobutyl）tris（4-sulfophenyl）phosphonium hydrogen sulfate as catalyst. Structures of all the compounds were established on the basis of analytical and spectroscopic data. All the compounds were evaluated for their in vitro antimicrobial activity against different bacterial and fungal strains.

关键词： Antimicrobial activity Ionic liquid Neat conditions 8,9-Dihydro-2-(2-oxo-2H-chromen-3-yl)-5-aryl-3H-chromeno[2,3-d]pyrimidine- 4,6(5H,7H)-dione

Sodium fluoride as an efficient catalyst for the synthesis of 2,4-disubstituted-1,3-thiazoles and selenazoles at ambient temperature

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2014年第1期25卷 172-175页

作者： Janardhan Banothu Krishnaiah Vaarla rajitha Bavantula Peter A.Crooks Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences College of PharmacyUniversity of Arkansas for Medical Sciences

Sodium fluoride was found to be a simple, mild and efficient catalyst for the synthesis of 2,4- disuhstituted 1,3-thiazoles and selenazoles utilizing phenacyl bromides/3-（2-bromoacetyl）-2H-chro- men-2-one and thioureaJphenylthiourea/selenourea in aqueous methanol at ambient temperature. Analytically pure products are formed within 1-3 rain in excellent yields.

关键词： Sodium fluoride1 3-Thiazoles Selenazoles Aqueous methanol Ambient temperature

Xanthan Sulfuric Acid： An Efficient Bio-supported and Recy- clable Solid Acid Catalyst for the Synthesis of 2-Aryl Thiadiazolo Benzimidazoles

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2012年第4期30卷 947-950页

作者： Kuarm,B.Suresh Janardan,B. Crooks,Peter A. rajitha,B. Department of Chemistry National Institute of TechnologyWarangalAPIndia Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences College of PharmacyUniversity of Arkansas for Medical SciencesLittle RockAR 72205U.S.A.

Xanthan sulfuric acid is an efficient solid acid catalyst for the preparation of 2-aryl benzimidazoles in excellent yields. This method is applicable for the reaction of benzo[c][ 1,2,5]thiadiazole-4,5-diamine with aldehydes by sim- ple physical grinding at room temperature. The salient features of the present methodology is cheaper process, easy synthesis of stable catalyst and the catalyst can be easily recycled without significant loss of activity.

关键词： benzimidazoles benzo[c]thiadiazole-4,5-diamine biodegradable recyclable xanthan sulfuric acid (XSA)

Functional Foods for Obesity Management

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2014年第14期5卷 1359-1369页

作者： rajitha Sunkara Martha Verghese Nutritional Biochemistry Laboratory Food and Animal Sciences Alabama A&M University Normal USA

Obesity is a global problem and numbers are rising at a fast pace in developing countries and it becomes a major public health concern. Economic costs associated with obesity are high and increasing as the rate of obesity. Obesity leads to its co-morbidities;namely diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular diseases, osteoarthritis, stroke and inflammatory diseases. Changes in life-style along with modifications to the diet are important in the management of obesity. Certain dietary components and foods have the ability to induce thermogenesis and modify the trafficking of nutrients in the body. Positive effects in managing obesity by natural components, and selected foods have drawn attention due to the potential side effects of obesity drugs. The food industry has developed low-density foods to reduce energy intake. Now focus has been geared towards the development of foods that possess more than one mechanism to alter the progression of obesity. In this review, selected foods and their components with potential anti-obesity properties are discussed.

关键词： Obesity Functional Foods Satiety Energy Expenditure

Cetacean occurrence and diversity in whale-watching waters off Mirissa,Southern Sri Lanka

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Integrative Zoology 2021年第4期16卷 462-476页

作者： Dissanayake Mudiyanselage rajitha SANKALPA Elle Pathirathnalage Darshana Nuwan THILAKARATHNE Wenzhi LIN Vidusanka THILAKANAYAKA Chathurika Piumi KUMARASINGHE Mingming LIU Mingli LIN Songhai LI Marine Mammal and Marine Bioacoustics Laboratory Institute of Deep-sea Science and EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesSanyaChina University of Chinese Academy of Sciences BeijingChina Department of Animal Science Faculty of Animal Science and Export AgricultureUva Wellassa UniversitySri Lanka South China Sea Institute of Oceanology Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhouChina Department of Oceanography and Marine Geology Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences and TechnologyUniversity of RuhunaWellamadamaMataraSri Lanka

Scientific information is vital to the conservation of cetaceans and the management of whale-watching *** southern coastal waters of Sri Lanka are near a narrow continental shelf and biologically abundant in cetacean *** the occurrence of cetaceans has been investigated in certain waters of Sri Lanka,few surveys have been conducted along the southern *** fill this gap,we conducted boat-based surveys from January to May 2017 to investigate the occurrence,diversity,and behavior of cetaceans in the waters off Mirissa,covering a survey area of 788.9 *** 55 survey days,we recorded a total of 242 cetacean sightings and identified at least 9 species(3 mysticetes and 6 odontocetes).The blue whale was the most common mysticete species(167 of 174 mysticete encounters),followed by the Omura’s whale(4 of 174)and Bryde’s whale(3 of 174).The spinner dolphin was the most common odontocete species(28 of 68 odontocete encounters),followed by the sperm whale(18 of 68),common bottlenose dolphin(13 of 68),short-finned pilot whale(5 of 68),melon-headed whale(2 of 68),and killer *** whales and sperm whales exhibited a clear preference for outer shelf and high slope areas,and blue whales were observed feeding along these *** present study provides near-baseline information on cetacean occurrence and diversity in whale-watching waters off southern Sri Lanka,and highlights the urgent need for proper management strategies for whale-watching activities.

关键词： cetaceans diversity index dolphins Sri Lanka whale-watching

Comparison between Differently Synthesized Hydroxyapatite Composites for Orthopedic Applications

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Journal of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering 2019年第5期7卷 16-28页

作者： Kalinga Hapuhinna rajitha Gunaratne Jagath Pitawala Department of Engineering Technology Faculty of Technology University of Sri Jayewardenepura Nugegoda Sri Lanka Department of Science & Technology Faculty of Science & Technology Uva Wellassa University Badulla Sri Lanka

Study carried to find out chemical and structural suitability of newly synthesized Eppawala hydroxyapatite composite varieties as bone cement, by comparing and contrasting them with human bone as well as commercially available bone cement, which is currently used in orthopedic surgeries. Commercially available methyl methacrylate (MMA) monomer used to reinforce solid state sintered and sol gel synthesized hydroxyapatite ceramic to prepare its composites as bone cements and their physical and chemical properties including composition, crystallinity, presence of functional groups, thermal stability, surface morphology, and microstructural features were examined compared to human bone. Results show there is a close similarity between synthesized products and human bone while credenting high thermal stability, good crystalline, and porous properties than the commercial product. Finally, study concluded newly synthesized composites can be applied directly as a substitution for commercial bone cement while having different properties from each other.

关键词： Human Bone Hydroxyapatite Methyl Methacrylate Orthopedics

Repression of Polyol Pathway Activity by Hemidesmus indicus *** *** Root Extract,an Aldose Reductase Inhibitor:An In Silico and Ex Vivo Study

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Natural Products and Bioprospecting 2021年第3期11卷 315-324页

作者： Hajira Banu Haroon Vijaybhanu Perumalsamy Gouri Nair Dhanusha Koppal Anand rajitha Kolli Joel Monichen Kanchan Prabha Department of Pharmacology Faculty of PharmacyM S Ramaiah University of Applied SciencesGnanagangothri CampusNew BEL RoadBengaluruKarnataka 560054India Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry Faculty of PharmacyM S Ramaiah University of Applied SciencesGnanagangothri CampusNew BEL RoadBengaluruKarnataka 560054India Department of Pharmaceutics Faculty of PharmacyM S Ramaiah University of Applied SciencesGnanagangothri CampusNew BEL RoadBengaluruKarnataka 560054India

Development of diabetic cataract is mainly associated with the accumulation of sorbitol via the polyol pathway through the action of Aldose reductase(AR).Hence,AR inhibitors are considered as potential agents in the management of diabetic *** study explored the AR inhibition potential of Hemidesmus indicus *** root extract by in silico and ex vivo *** docking studies(Auto Dock tool)betweenβ-sitosterol,hemidesminine,hemidesmin-1,hemidesmin-2,and AR showed thatβ-sitosterol(−10.2 kcal/mol)and hemidesmin-2(−8.07 kcal/mol)had the strongest affinity to AR *** vivo studies were performed by incubating isolated goat lenses in artificial aqueous humor using galactose(55 mM)as cataract inducing agent at room temperature(pH 7.8)for 72 *** treatment with Vitamin E acetate−100μg/mL(standard)and test extract(500 and 1000μg/mL)separately,the estimation of biochemical markers showed inhibition of lens AR activity and decreased sorbitol ***,extract also normalized the levels of antioxidant markers like SOD,CAT,*** results showed evidence that *** *** root was able to prevent cataract by prevention of opacification and formation of polyols that underlines its potential as a possible therapeutic agent against diabetic complications.

关键词： Hemidesmus indicus var.pubescens Aldose reductase Polyol pathway Diabetic cataract

Indoor air pollution and respiratory health of children in the developing world

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World Journal of Clinical Pediatrics 2013年第2期2卷 6-15页

作者： Sumal Nandasena Ananda rajitha Wickremasinghe Nalini Sathiakumar National Institute of Health Sciences Ministry of HealthKalutara KT 12000 Sri Lanka Department of Public Health Faculty of Medicine University of Kelaniya Department of Epidemiology School of Public Health University of Alabama at Birmingham

Indoor air pollution(IAP) is a key contributor to the global burden of disease mainly in developing countries. The use of solid fuel for cooking and heating is the main source of IAP in developing countries, accounting for an estimated 3.5 million deaths and 4.5% of Disability-Adjusted Life Years in 2010. Other sources of IAP include indoor smoking, infiltration of pollutants from outdoor sources and substances emitted from an array of human utilities and biological materials. Children are among the most vulnerable groups for adverse effects of IAP. The respiratory system is a primary target of air pollutants resulting in a wide range of acute and chronic effects. The spectrum of respiratory adverse effects ranges from mild subclinical changes and mild symptoms to life threatening conditions and even death. However, IAP is a modifiable risk factor having potential mitigating interventions. Possible interventions range from simple be-havior change to structural changes and from shifting of unclean cooking fuel to clean cooking fuel. Shifting from use of solid fuel to clean fuel invariably reduces the household air pollution in developing countries, but such a change is challenging. This review aims to summarize the available information on IAP exposure during childhood and its effects on respiratory health in developing countries. It specifically discusses the common sources of IAP, susceptibility of children to air pollution, mechanisms of action, common respiratory conditions, preventive and mitigating strategies.

关键词： Indoor air pollution Air pollution Respiratory health Children Developing countries