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Implications of Elevated Serum Cortisol in the Onset of Postoperative Delirium Following Off-Pump Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting: Insights from a Bangladesh-Based Single Center Experience

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases 2024年第4期14卷 252-267页

作者： Vivek Kumar Jha Md Abir Tazim Chowdhury Munama Magdum Manoj Tiwari Md Abul Bashar Maruf Md Saiful Islam Khan Priyanka Sinha rajesh Naryan Kapar Md. Rezwanul Hoque Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery BP Koirala Institute of Health Sciences Dharan Nepal Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery Evercare Hospital Dhaka Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Preventive and Social Medicine National Institute of Preventive and Social Medicine Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Thoracic Surgery BP Koirala Memorial Cancer Hospital Bharatpur Nepal Department of Cardiac Surgery United Hospital Limited Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Cardiothoracic Anesthesia Evercare Hospital Dhaka Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Microbiology Kathmandu Medical College Kathmandu Nepal Department of Nephrology Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Cardiac Surgery Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University Dhaka Bangladesh

Background: Following coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), delirium emerges as a prevalent complication. This study aimed to assess the correlation between elevated serum cortisol levels and the occurrence of postoperative delirium subsequent to off-pump CABG. Methods: Conducted in the Department of Cardiac Surgery at BSMMU from October 2020 to September 2022, this comparative cross-sectional study included a total of 44 participants. Subjects, meeting specific criteria, were purposefully assigned to two groups based on off-pump CABG. Group A (n = 22) consisted of patients with normal serum cortisol levels, while Group B (n = 22) comprised individuals with high serum cortisol levels on the first postoperative day. Delirium onset was assessed at the bedside in the ICU on the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, and 5th postoperative days using standard tools, namely the Richmond Agitation Sedation score (RASS) and The Confusion Assessment Method (CAM-ICU). Data were collected based on the presence or absence of delirium. Statistical analysis utilized SPSS version 26.0, employing an independent Student’s t-test for continuous data and chi-square and Fischer’s exact test for categorical data. A p-value ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Group-A had a mean age of 54.50 ± 17.97, and Group-B had a mean age of 55.22 ± 15.45, both with a male predominance (81.81% and 86.36% respectively). The mean serum cortisol level was significantly higher in Group B (829.71 ± vs. 389.98 ± 68.77). Postoperative delirium occurred in 27.3% of Group B patients, statistically significant compared to the 4.5% in Group A. However, patients in Group B who developed delirium experienced significantly longer postoperative ICU and hospital stays (79.29 ± 12.27 vs. 11.44 ± 2.85, p ≤ 0.05). There was one mortality in Group B, which was statistically not significant. Conclusion: This study observed a significant association between elevated serum cortisol levels in the postoperative period a

关键词： Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG) Serum Cortisol Postoperative Delirium Bangladesh

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Mechanical Properties of Natural Fiber Braided Yarn Woven Composite： Comparison with Conventional Yarn Woven Composite

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2017年第1期14卷 141-150页

作者： Murugan rajesh Jeyaraj Pitchaimani Department of Mechanical Engineering National Institute of Technology Karnataka Surathkal Mangalore India 575 025

The effect of reinforcing natural fiber in the form of braided yarn woven fabric on mechanical properties of polymer composite was investigated. The results of braided yarn fabric composites were compared with the conventional yarn fabric composite and random oriented intimately mixed short fiber composites for the same percentage of fiber weight. The effect of intra-ply hybridization, by keeping two different natural fiber yams along two different directions of a woven fabric, on mechanical properties of the woven fabric composite was also analyzed. Natural fiber braided yarn fabric reinforcement significantly increased the mechanical properties of the composites compared with that of the conventional woven fabric and short fiber reinforcements. Intra-ply hybridization of two different natural fibers improved the mechanical properties of the conventional woven fabric composite while it could not enhance the properties of the braided fabric composite. The improvement in impact property is very high compared to tensile and flexural properties due to the braided yarn fabric reinforcement.

关键词： braided yarn fabric natural fiber mechanical properties

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Coagonist of glucagon-like peptide-1 and glucagon receptors ameliorates kidney injury in murine models of obesity and diabetes mellitus

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World Journal of Diabetes 2018年第6期9卷 80-91页

作者： Vishal J patel Amit A Joharapurkar Samadhan G Kshirsagar Brijesh K Sutariya Maulik S patel Hiren M patel Dheerendra K Pandey rajesh H Bahekar Mukul R Jain Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology Zydus Research CentreCadila Healthcare Limited

AIM To investigate the role of glucagon-like peptide-1(GLP-1)/glucagon receptors coagonist on renal dysfunction associated with diabetes and obesity. METHODS Chronic high-fat diet fed C57 BL/6 J mice, streptozotocintreated high-fat diet fed C57 BL/6 J mice and diabeticC57 BLKS/J db/db mice were used as models of diabetes-induced renal dysfunction. The streptozotocintreated high-fat diet fed mice and db/db mice were treated with the GLP-1 and glucagon receptors coagonist(Aib2 C24 Chimera2, 150 μg/kg, sc) for twelve weeks, while in chronic high-fat diet fed mice, coagonist(Aib2 C24 Chimera2, 150 μg/kg, sc) treatment was continued for forty weeks. Kidney function, histology, fibrosis, inflammation, and plasma biochemistry were assessed at the end of the treatment. RESULTS Coagonist treatment decreased body weight, plasma lipids, insulin resistance, creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, urinary albumin excretion rate and renal lipids. In kidney, expression of lipogenic genes(SREBP-1 C, FAS, and SCD-1) was decreased, and expression of genes involved in β-oxidation(CPT-1 and PPAR-α) was increased due to coagonist treatment. In plasma, coagonist treatment increased adiponectin and FGF21 and decreased IL-6 and TNF-?. Coagonist treatment reduced expression of inflammatory(TNF-α, MCP-1, and MMP-9) and pro-fibrotic(TGF-β, COL1 A1, and α-SMA) genes and also improved histological derangement in renal *** Coagonist of GLP-1 and glucagon receptors alleviated diabetes and obesity-induced renal dysfunction by reducing glucose intolerance, obesity, and hyperlipidemia.

关键词： Coagonist Glucagon Renal dysfunction Glucagon-like peptide-1 Insulin sensitivity

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Experimental investigation for machinability aspects of graphene oxide/carbon fiber reinforced polymer nanocomposites and predictive modeling using hybrid approach

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2021年第5期17卷 1671-1686页

作者： Jogendra Kumar rajesh Kumar Verma Department of Mechanical Engineering Madan Mohan Malaviya University of TechnologyGorakhpur273010India

This article explores the drilling behavior of polymer nanocomposites reinforced by Graphene oxide/Carbon fiber using a hybrid method of Grey theory and Principal component analysis(GR-PCA).An online digital dynamometer was employed for the evaluation of Thrust Force and *** image processing technique computes the *** surface methodology(RSM)considers the parameters,namely,drilling speed(S),feed rate(F),Graphene Oxide wt.%(G)in designing the experimentation *** component analysis(PCA)was used to tackle the response priority weight during the combination of multiple *** of variance(ANOVA)scrutinized the influence of parameters and intended the regression models to predict the ***-PCA evaluated the optimal parametric setting and remarked that feed rate acts as the most predominant *** higher feed rate and wt.%of G is responsible for surface damages like fiber pull-out,fiber fracture and cracks.A significant improvement in drilling responses has been obtained and also validates through confirmatory test and microstructure investigations.

关键词： Graphene oxide Polymer Carbon fiber RSM ANOVA GR-PCA

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Deep insights into the advancements and applications of perovskite based photovoltaic cells

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2018年第3期27卷 753-763页

作者： Chandni Devi rajesh Mehra Electronics and Communication Department NITTTR

The organometal halide perovskite materials have a blend of surprising optoelectronic properties, for example high value of absorption coefficient and abrupt optical retention edge, lifetime, long charge carrier diffusion length and many more. Brought in conjunction with the capacity for manufacturing at low temperature, likewise from the solution, devices based on perovskite, particularly solar cells have been contemplated seriously with striking advancements in performance, in the course of recent years. The amalgamation of minimal effort, high efficiency and extra applications gives incredible potential to commercialization of these cells. The applications and performance of perovskite cells frequently relate with the structures of the device. Numerous creative structures of the devices were produced, targeting for vast scale manufacture, diminishing creation cost, upgrading the PCE and subsequently expanding the prospective for future applications. This paper outlines the various advanced structures of PSC, challenges confronted by these PSCs and their future perspectives. The commercial applications of PSC are additionally talked about in this paper.

关键词： Solar cells Flexibility ETM Perovskite HTM Structures

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Sacred groves of India:repositories of a rich heritage and tools for biodiversity conservation

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Journal of Forestry Research 2021年第3期32卷 899-916页

作者： Sakshi Sharma rajesh Kumar Department of Botany DAV CollegeAmritsarPunjab 143001India DAV College AmritsarPunjab 143001India

Sacred groves preserve a rich religious and socio-cultural heritage of Indian biodiversity from primeval times,due to their *** act as a bridge between man and *** help to improve soil quality,replenish water resources and are pivotal for biodiversity conservation of plants and animals including rare,endemic,threatened,vulnerable species and ethnobotanical *** of India's sacred groves are associated with a deity or a spiritual being,who protects the grove and local *** cover of these groves has traditional ethnobotanical value,especially in the field of ethnomedicine,which accounts for the conservation of groves over the *** plant species from sacred groves are used according to tradition and culture to prevent or cure various health ***,modernisation,industrialisation,increased encroachment and misuse of forest resources increasingly threaten sacred *** treasures of nature must be conserved by formulating and applying new laws and policies while creating awareness among people about the value of sacred *** this aim,we review the distribution,ecological and socio-cultural significance of sacred groves of India and strategies to conserve them.

关键词： Biodiversity Conservation Endemic Ethnobotany Ethnomedicine

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Dietary fiber in poultry nutrition and their effects on nutrient utilization,performance,gut health,and on the environment:a review

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2022年第1期13卷 1-16页

作者： rajesh Jha Pravin Mishra Department of Human Nutrition Food and Animal SciencesCollege of Tropical Agriculture and Human ResourcesUniversity of Hawaii at ManoaHonoluluHI 96822USA

Dietary fiber(DF)was considered an antinutritional factor due to its adverse effects on feed intake and nutrient ***,with increasing evidence,scientists have found that DF has enormous impacts on the gastrointestinal tract(GIT)development,digestive physiology,including nutrient digestion,fermentation,and absorption processes of *** may help maintain the small and large intestine’s integrity by strengthening mucosal structure and functions and increasing the population and diversity of commensal bacteria in the *** DF content benefits digestive physiology by stimulating GIT development and enzyme *** the inclusion of fiber at a moderate level in diets also alters poultry growth *** improves gut health by modulating beneficial microbiota in the large intestine and enhancing immune ***,determining the source,type,form,and level of DF inclusion is of utmost importance to achieve the above-noted *** paper critically reviews the available information on dietary fibers used in poultry and their effects on nutrient utilization,GIT development,gut health,and poultry *** these functions will help develop nutrition programs using proper DF at an appropriate inclusion level that will ultimately lead to enhanced DF utilization,overall health,and improved poultry growth ***,this review will help researchers and industry identify the sources,type,form,and amount of DF to be used in poultry nutrition for healthy,costeffective,and eco-friendly poultry production.

关键词： Chicken Dietary fiber Environment Gastrointestinal tract Immunity Intestinal microbiota

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A simple decision tree-based disturbance monitoring system for VSC-based HVDC transmission link integrating a DFIG wind farm

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Protection and Control of Modern Power Systems 2022年第1期7卷 363-381页

作者： rajesh Babu Damala rajesh Kumar Patnaik Ashish Ranjan Dash Department of EEE Centurion University of Technology and ManagementParalakhemundiOdishaIndia&GMR Institute of TechnologyRajamAndhrapradeshIndia Department of EEE GMR Institute of TechnologyRajamSrikakulamAndhra PradeshIndia Department of EEE Centurion University of Technology and ManagementParalakhemundiOdishaIndia

Fault detection and classification is a key challenge for the protection of High Voltage DC(HVDC)transmission *** this paper,the Teager-Kaiser Energy Operator(TKEO)algorithm associated with a decision tree-based fault classi-fier is proposed to detect and classify various DC *** Change Identification Filter is applied to the average and differential current components,to detect the first instant of fault occurrence(above threshold)and register a Change Identified Point(CIP).Further,if a CIP is registered for a positive or negative line,only three samples of currents(i.e.,CIP and each side of CIP)are sent to the proposed TKEO algorithm,which produces their respective 8 indices through which the,fault can be detected along with its *** new approach enables quicker detection allowing utility grids to be restored as soon as *** novel approach also reduces computing complexity and the time required to identify faults with *** importance and accuracy of the proposed scheme are also thor-oughly tested and compared with other methods for various faults on HVDC transmission lines.

关键词： Change Identification Filter Differential current DC faults Simple Decision Tree Fault classifier HVDC transmission link Renewable Energy TKEO algorithm

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Efficient design of perovskite solar cell using mixed halide and copper oxide

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Chinese Physics B 2018年第1期27卷 607-613页

作者： Navneet kour rajesh Mehra Chandni Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering NITTTR

Solar cells based on perovskites have emerged as a transpiring technology in the field of photovoltaic. These cells exhibit high power conversion efficiency. The perovskite material is observed to have good absorption in the entire visible spectrum which can be well illustrated by the quantum efficiency curve. In this paper, theoretical analysis has been done through device simulation for designing solar cell based on mixed halide perovskite. Various parameters have efficacy on the solar cell efficiency such as defect density, layer thickness, doping concentration, band offsets, etc. The use of copper oxide as the hole transport material has been analyzed. The analysis divulges that due to its mobility of charge carriers, it can be used as an alternative to spiro-OMeTAD. With the help of simulations, reasonable materials have been employed for the optimal design of solar cell based on perovskite material. With the integration of copper oxide into the solar cell structure, the results obtained are competent enough. The simulations have shown that with the use of copper oxide as hole transport material with mixed halide perovskite as absorber, the power conversion efficiency has improved by 6%. The open circuit voltage has shown an increase of 0.09 V, short circuit current density has increased by 2.32 mA/cm2, and improvement in fill factor is 8.75%.

关键词： perovskite solar cell band offset device simulation hole transport material

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Kinematic Modeling for Biped Robot Gait Trajectory Using Machine Learning Techniques

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2022年第2期19卷 355-369页

作者： Bharat Singh Ankit Vijayvargiya rajesh Kumar Department of Electrical Engineering Malaviya National Institute of TechnologyJaipur 302017India

This paper presents the predictive models for biped robot trajectory *** models are parametrizing as a continuous function of joint angle *** a previous work,the authors had collected the human locomotion dataset at RAMAN Lab,MNIT,Jaipur,*** MNIT gait dataset consists of walking data on a plane surface of 120 human subjects from different age groups and ***-two machine learning models(linear,support vector,k-nearest neighbor,ensemble,probabilistic,and deep learning)trained using the collected *** addition,two types of mapping,(a)one-to-one and(b)many-to-one,are presented for each *** mapping models act as a reference policy for the control of joints and prediction of state for the next time instant in advance if the onboard sensor *** show that the deep learning and probabilistic learning models perform better for both types of ***,the probabilistic model outperforms the deep learning-based models in terms of maximum error,because the probabilistic model effectively deals with the prediction *** addition,many-to-one outperforms the one-to-one mapping because it captures the correlation between knee,hip,and ankle ***,this study suggests a many-to-one mapping using the probabilistic model for biped robot trajectory generation.

关键词： Kinematic Locomotion Machine learning Prediction Regression

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