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Bianchi type V universe with bulk viscous matter and time varying gravitational and cosmological constants

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2012年第11期12卷 1457-1466页

作者： Prashant singh baghel Jagdish Prasad singh Department of Mathematical Sciences A. P. S. University

We consider spatially homogeneous and anisotropic Bianchi type V space- time with a bulk viscous fluid source, and time varying gravitational constant G and cosmological term A. The coefficient of bulk viscosity ζ is assumed to be a simple linear function of the Hubble parameter H （i.e. ζ = ζ0 ＋ ζ1H, where ζ0 and ζ1 are constants）. The Einstein field equations are solved explicitly by using a law of varia- tion for the Hubble parameter, which yields a constant value of the deceleration pa- rameter. Physical and kinematical parameters of the models are discussed. The models are found to be compatible with the results of astronomical observations.

关键词： bulk viscosity -- Bianchi V -- relativity: equation of state -- cosmology:cosmological parameters -- miscellaneous

Performance comparison of mono and polycrystalline silicon solar photovoltaic modules under tropical wet and dry climatic conditions in east-central India

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Clean Energy 2022年第1期6卷 165-177页

作者： Niranjan singh baghel Nikhil Chander Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Indian Institute of Technology BhilaiGEC CampusSejbaharRaipur-492015ChhattisgarhIndia

This work focuses on the performance comparison of monocrystalline and polycrystalline Si solar photovoltaic(SPV)modules under tropical wet and dry climatic conditions in east-central India(21.16°N 81.65°E,Raipur,Chhattisgarh).This study would help to select the SPV module for system installation in the east-central part of the *** comparative analysis,we used performance ratio(PR)and efficiency as figures of *** plane-of-array(POA)irradiance was used to determine the efficiency of the *** decomposition and transposition models calculated the POA values from the measured global horizontal *** data were analysed systematically for 6 months in the non-rainy season,from October 2020 to March *** attention was given to solar irradiance,ambient temperature and module temperature-the parameters that affect the performance of PV *** month of October showed the highest variation in irradiance and *** highest average module temperatures(51-52℃)were observed in October-November,while the lowest average module temperatures(34℃ for mono-Si and 36℃ for poly-Si)were observed in *** highest value of average monthly POA irradiance(568 W/m^(2))was observed in February and the lowest(483 W/m^(2))in *** results showed that the monocrystalline SPV module performed better than the polycrystalline module under all weather *** maximum observed values of mono-Si and poly-Si panel PRs were 0.89 and 0.86,respectively,in December.

关键词： solar photovoltaic performance climatic conditions global horizontal irradiance plane-of-array

Pharmacological, Ethnomedicinal, and Evidence-Based Comparative Review of Moringa oleifera Lam.(Shigru) and Its Potential Role in the Management of Malnutrition in Tribal Regions of India, Especially Chhattisgarh

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World Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2022年第3期8卷 314-338页

作者： Kishor Sonewane Sharda Swaroop Chouhan Mariappan rajan Nagendra singh Chauhan Om Prakash Rout Awanish Kumar Gyanendra singh baghel Prashant Kumar Gupta Department of Kaumarabhritya-Balaroga Shri NPA Government Ayurveda CollegeRaipurChhattisgarhIndia Department of Natural Chemistry Madurai Kamraj UniversityMaduraiTamil NaduIndia Drug Testing Lab Avam Anushandhan Kendra Department of AYUSHChhattisgarhIndia Department of Dravya Guna Shri NPA Government Ayurveda CollegeRaipurChhattisgarhIndia Department of Biotechnology National Institute of TechnologyRaipurChhattisgarhIndia

Moringa oleifera Lam.(Shigru)(Moringaceae family) is a traditional medicine used for control of diabetes, obesity, asthma, and cardiac,liver, gastrointestinal, infective, and brain disorders, such as depression and Alzheimer's disease. In Ayurvedic literature, Shigru is among few drugs having Balya(nourishing) as well as Medohara(antiobesity) property. This review focuses on valid connections between the properties documented in ancient literature and current pharmacological knowledge of Moringa, including pharmacological actions, phytochemistry,botanical description, and how Moringa can tackle malnutrition in India, especially Chhattisgarh. All information about M. oleifera was obtained from electronic scientific databases such as PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, ScienceDirect, Elsevier, Google Scholar, Traditional Knowledge Digital Library, and Indian Traditional Books(Ancient Ayurveda literatures, The Wealth of India, and The Ayurvedic Formulary of India), postgraduate/doctoral thesis, and googling the keyword M. oleifera. M. oleifera have anti-oxidant, antimicrobial, anti-diabetic,anti-obesity, anti-inflammatory, cardioprotective, hepatoprotective, neuroprotective, gastroprotective, wound-healing properties and it can potentially tackle malnutrition. This review describes the key information related to botanical description of M. oleifera, phytochemistry,pharmacological actions, clinical studies, toxicological studies, better utilization as food therapeutics, and ethnobotanical and evidence-based comparative review of M. oleifera. M. oleifera can effectively tackle malnutrition in India, especially Chhattisgarh. The authors emphasize the need for future in-depth ethnopharmacological lead-based research and clinical studies to expand M. oleifera pharmacological activities,clinical efficacy, and safety.

关键词： Ethnobotanical practices ethnomedicine Moringa oleifera phytochemicals pharmacological action

Formulation optimization and characterization of transdermal film of curcumin by response surface methodology

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Chinese Herbal Medicines 2021年第2期13卷 274-285页

作者： Priyanka Kriplani Kumar Guarve Uttam singh baghel Guru Gobind singh College of Pharmacy Yamuna Nagar135001India I.K.Gujral Punjab Technical University Jalandhar 144603India Department of Pharmacy University of KotaKota 324005India

Objective:India is referred as goldmine of herbal drugs but still lack of optimization of herbal drugs,which has kept us on the back *** rationale of the study is to prepare optimized transdermal drug delivery system of curcumin employing response surface methodology to study the collective effect of independent variables like concentration of ethyl cellulose,hydroxyl propyl methyl cellulose and dibutyl phthalate which significantly influenced characteristics like percentage elongation and in vitro drug ***:Twenty formulations containing varying concentrations of polymers and permeation enhancer were prepared using solvent casting ***:The study revealed that the effect of dibutyl phthalate(DBP) concentration was the highest on percentage elongation(P <0.0001),while hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose(HPMC) concentration exhibited pronounced effect on drug release(P <0.0001) through dialysis *** model fitted the best for curcumin release and elongation for all *** to Derringer's desirability prediction tool,the composition of optimized film was found to be 242.14% of HPMC,109.59% of ethyl cellulose(EC),and 1.03% of *** these conditions,the optimized patch exhibited a predicted value of%elongation and in vitro drug release of 94.35% and 80.0306%,respectively,which was comparable to the actual values of percent elongation and in vitro drug release i.e.95.02% and 81.03% *** and thermal studies were also performed which revealed no interaction or complexation between drug and *** ex vivo study performed using rat skin showed that the cumulative drug release from the optimized patch showed flux of(30.68±18) μg/cm~2/***:It can be concluded that in future if proper optimization of herbal formulations is carried out,they can become the first choice for patients as compare to synthetic drugs.

关键词： Curcumin herbal drugs osteoarthritis formulation optimization transdermal film

Trend in Observed and Projected Maximum and Minimum Temperature over N-W Himalayan Basin

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Journal of Mountain Science 2015年第2期12卷 417-433页

作者： Dharmaveer singh Sanjay K JAIN rajan Dev GUPTA GIS Cell Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad Water Resources Systems Division National Institute of Hydrology Department of Civil Engineering Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad

Recently, study in past trends of climate variables gained significant consideration because of its contribution in adaptions and mitigation strategies for potential future changes in climate, primarily in the area of water resource management. Future interannual and inter-seasonal variations in maximum and minimum temperature may bring significant changes in hydrological systems and affect regional water resources. The present study has been performed to observe past(1970-2010) as well as future(2011-2100)spatial and temporal variability in temperature(maximum and minimum) over selected stations of Sutlej basin located in North-Western Himalayan region in India. The generation of future time series of temperature data at different stations is done using statistical downscaling technique. The nonparametric test methods, modified Mann-Kendall test and Cumulative Sum chart are used for detecting monotonic trend and sequential shift in time series of maximum and minimum temperature. Sen's slope estimator test is used to detect the magnitude of change over a period of time on annual and seasonal basis. The cooling experienced in annual TMax and TMin at Kasol in past(1970-2010) would be replaced by warming in future as increasing trends are detected in TMax during 2020 s and 2050 s and in TMin during 2020 s, 2050 s and 2080 s under A1 B and A2 scenarios. Similar results of warming are also predicted at Sunnifor annual TMin in future under both scenarios which witnessed cooling during 1970-2010. The rise in TMin at Rampur is predicted to be continued in future as increasing trends are obtained under both the scenarios. Seasonal trend analysis reveals large variability in trends of TMax and TMin over these stations for the future periods.

关键词： Statistical downscaling model Canadian Coupled Global Climate Model Temperature MannKendall test Sen’s slope estimator

Wave Interaction and Resonance in a Non-Ideal Gas

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Chinese Physics Letters 2012年第12期29卷 5-8页

作者： rajan Arora Mohd.Junaid Siddiqui V.P.singh Department of Applied Science and Engineering IIT RoorkeeSaharanpur CampusSaharanpurUP-247001India

The method of multiple time scales is used to obtain the asymptotic solutions to the planar and non-planar flows into a non-ideal *** transport equations for the amplitudes of resonantly interacting high frequency wav... 详细信息

关键词： resonant planar asymptotic

Research on the Performance of Inventory Management in Salt Trading Corporation Limited(STC)

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Research on the Performance of Inventory Management in Salt ...

作者： rajan Kumar singh 东北大学

学位级别：硕士

本论文的目的是分析盐业贸易有限公司的库存管理与净销售额,净利润和采购的关系。Salt Trading Corporation Limited(STC)成立四十多年,通过尼泊尔政府和私营部门的共同努力,确保在全国各地适当供应和分配基本消费品。这项研究的主要目... 详细信息

本论文的目的是分析盐业贸易有限公司的库存管理与净销售额,净利润和采购的关系。Salt Trading Corporation Limited(STC)成立四十多年,通过尼泊尔政府和私营部门的共同努力,确保在全国各地适当供应和分配基本消费品。这项研究的主要目标是衡量STC库存管理实践的表现与库存管理问题相关联,并分析他们的解决方式,有助于STC的盈利能力。分析库存水平的位置及其在STC中的趋势,并分析库存与净销售额,净利润,购买和利息支出的关系。为了实现这些目标,收集了初级和次级数据。采用均值、标准差、变异系数、相关系数、回归概率误差、趋势分析等统计手段分析数据。同样,也使用了财务工具,如比率,库存周转率和库存保持日。在分析了目前盐品贸易公司库存管理的实践后,得出的主要结论是,库存与总资产、净销售额和当前比率在过去四年有所增加,但在过去两年有所下降。最初,库存与净利润比率较小,此后,除了 2014/2015财年的净利润如此之高,但去年的比率严重下降之外,比率呈持续上升的趋势。在整个研究期间,存货周转率呈下降趋势。2013/2014和2014/2015五个会计年度的库存持有天数的平均值非常高。除了 2012/2013财政年度和2015/2016财政年度之外,净销售额和库存趋势在相同的模式中波动,而库存库存差异的共同效率低于净销售额差异的共同效率。净利润趋势保持波动,净利润差异的协同效率高于库存差异的协同效率。利息费用的趋势是在可变利率连续增加,有库存的高波动。库存差异的共同效益高于利息支出差异的共同效益。在2015/2016财政年度,采购量略有减少,而库存急剧增加,再次下降。库存差异的共同效率低于采购差异的共同效率。净销售额超过购买,因此在期间结束时,净销售额和购买的趋势相同。净销售额差异的协同效率略低于采购差异的协同效率。从回归结果中可以发现,库存与净销售额、净利润、除利息支出外的采购存在负相关关系。在净销售额和库存之间找到最高的相关性(r=0.83),而最低的相关性是净利润和库存(r=0.2)。回归结果,发现库存与净销售额、净利润、购买除利息支出之间存在负相关关系。这项研究提出了更好的库存管理的以下几点。这项研究使用简单的回归分析,但是,它可以使用多元回归分析,以确定库存水平的回归模型。在研究期间,净销售额、净利润和采购额出现波动时,库存量在增加。因此,没有适当的库存协调与净销售,净利润和采购交易。管理层强烈建议有效地应用库存管理系统。没有适当的库存水平与净销售和采购的协调。因此,库存的平均持有期高,为了保持最佳的库存水平,应更好地协调库存与净销售,采购等。我们可以通过告诉盐贸易公司(STC)库存管理的表现并不令人满意,必须投入艰苦的工作才能在不久的将来在这个全球开放市场中生

关键词：分析净销售额净利润采购成本分析库存管理比率分析等

Anemia in cirrhosis:An underestimated entity

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2022年第3期10卷 777-789页

作者： Manish Manrai Saurabh Dawra rajan Kapoor Sharad Srivastava Anupam singh Department of Internal Medicine Armed Forces Medical CollegePune 411040India Department of Medicine and Gastroenterology Command HospitalPune 411040India Department of Medicine Command HospitalKolkata 70027India Department of Gastroenterology Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and ResearchChandigarh 160012India

Anemia in a patient with cirrhosis is a clinically pertinent but often overlooked clinical *** guidelines highlight the algorithmic approach of managing a patient of cirrhosis presenting with acute variceal hemorrhage but day-to-day management in hospital and out-patient raises multiple dilemmas:Whether anemia is a disease complication or a part of the disease spectrum?Should iron,folic acid,and vitamin B complex supplementation and nutritional advice,suffice in those who can perform tasks of daily living but have persistently low *** does one investigate and manage anemia due to multifactorial etiologies in the same patient:Acute or chronic blood loss because of portal hypertension and bone marrow aplasia secondary to hepatitis B or C viremia?To add to the clinician’s woes the prevalence of anemia increases with increasing disease *** thus aim to critically analyze the various pathophysiological mechanisms complicating anemia in a patient with cirrhosis with an emphasis on the diagnostic flowchart in such patients and proposed management protocols thereafter.

关键词： Anemia Cirrhosis Iron deficiency anemia Macrocytic anemia Normocytic anemia

Pathophysiological mechanisms underlying gastrointestinal symptoms in patients with COVID-19

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第19期27卷 2341-2352页

作者： Byungchang Jin rajan singh Se Eun Ha Hannah Zogg Paul J Park Seungil Ro Department of Physiology and Cell Biology University of Nevada School of MedicineRenoNV 89557United States Department of Medicine Renown HealthRenoNV 89557United States

Gastrointestinal(GI)symptoms,such as diarrhea,abdominal pain,vomiting,and anorexia,are frequently observed in patients with coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19).However,the pathophysiological mechanisms connecting these GI symptoms to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)infections remain *** studies indicate that the entry of SARS-CoV-2 into intestinal cells leads to downregulation of angiotensin converting enzyme 2(ACE2)receptors resulting in impaired barrier *** intestinal ACE2 functions as a chaperone for the amino acid transporter B0AT1,the B0AT1/ACE2 complex within the intestinal epithelium acts as a regulator of gut microbiota composition and *** to the B0AT1/ACE2 complex lead to microbial dysbiosis through increased local and systemic immune *** studies have also suggested that altered serotonin metabolism may be the underlying cause of GI disorders involving *** findings of elevated plasma serotonin levels and high fecal calprotectin in COVID-19 patients with diarrhea indicate that the viral infection evokes a systemic inflammatory response that specifically involves the ***,the elevated proinflammatory cytokines correlate with elevated serotonin and fecal calprotectin levels further supporting the evidence of GI inflammation,a hallmark of functional GI ***,the finding that rectal swabs of COVID-19 patients remain positive for SARS-CoV-2 even after the nasopharynx clears the virus,suggests that viral replication and shedding from the GI tract may be more robust than that of the respiratory tract,further indicating fecal-oral transmission as another important route of viral *** review summarized the evidence for pathophysiological mechanisms(impaired barrier function,gut inflammation,altered serotonin metabolism and gut microbiota dysbiosis)underlying the GI symptoms in patients with COVID-19.

关键词： COVID-19 Gastrointestinal symptoms Gut microbiota dysbiosis Impaired barrier function Serotonin Angiotensin converting enzyme 2 receptor