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Comparison of surgically induced astigmatism in various incisions in manual small incision cataract surgery

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2014年第6期7卷 1001-1004页

作者： Nidhi Jauhari Deepak Chopra rajan kumar Chaurasia Ashutosh Agarwal Department of Ophthalmology Vivekananda Polyclinic and Institute of Medical SciencesVivekanandpuriLucknowUttar Pradesh 226001India Department of Community Medicine Integral University of Medical Sciences and ResearchKursi RoadLucknowUttar Pradesh 226026India

AIMTo determine the surgically induced astigmatism (SIA) in Straight, Frown and Inverted V shape (Chevron) incisions in manual small incision cataract surgery (SICS).

关键词： manual small incision cataract surgery incisions surgically induced astigmatism

Anterior resection for rectal carcinoma-risk factors for anastomotic leaks and strictures

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第11期17卷 1475-1479页

作者： Ashok kumar Ram Daga Paari Vijayaragavan Anand Prakash Rajneesh kumar Singh Anu Behari Vinay K Kapoor rajan Saxena Department of Surgical Gastroenterology Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences Lucknow 226014India

AIM:To determine the incidence and factors responsible for anastomotic leaks and stricture following anterior resection(AR)and its subsequent ***:Retrospective analysis of data from 108 patients with rectal carcinoma who underwent AR or low anterior resection(LAR)to identify the various preoperative,operative,and post operative factors that might have influence on anastomotic leaks and ***:There were 68 males and 40 females with an average of 47 years(range 21-75 years).The median distance of the tumor from the anal verge was 8 cm(range 3-15 cm).Sixty(55.6%)patients underwent handsewn anastomosis and 48(44.4%)were *** median operating time was 3.5 h(range2.0-7.5 h).Sixteen(14.6%)patients had an anastomotic *** these,11 patients required reexploration and five were managed *** anastomotic leak rate was similar in patients with and without diverting stoma(8/60,13.4%with stoma and 8/48;16.7%without stoma).In 15(13.9%)patients,resection margins were positive for ***(17.6%)patients developed anastomotic strictures at a median duration of 8 mo(range 3-20 mo).Among these,15 patients were successfully managed with per-anal *** multivariate analysis,advance age(>60 years)was the only risk factor for anastomotic leak(P=0.004).On the other hand,anastomotic leak(P=0.00),mucin positive tumor(P =0.021),and lower rectal growth(P=0.011)were found as risk factors for the development of an anastomotic ***:Advance age is a risk factor for an anastomotic *** anastomotic leak,a mucin-secreting tumor,and lower rectal growth predispose patients to develop anastomotic strictures.

关键词：危险因素直肠癌切除术狭窄恶性肿瘤后续管理平均距离运行时间

Antibacterial forsterite (Mg_(2)SiO_(4)) scaffold: A promising bioceramic for load bearing applications

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Bioactive Materials 2018年第3期3卷 218-224页

作者： rajan Choudhary Ankita Chatterjee Senthil kumar Venkatraman Sivasankar Koppala Jayanthi Abraham Sasikumar Swamiappan Department of Chemistry School of Advanced SciencesVIT UniversityVellore632014Tamil NaduIndia Microbial Biotechnology Laboratory School of Biosciences and TechnologyVIT UniversityVellore632014Tamil NaduIndia Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering Kunming University of Science and TechnologyKunming650093Yunnan ProvincePR China

In the current work,forsterite samples with different surface area were investigated for its antibacterial *** studies show that the lower degradation of forsterite compared to other silicate bioceramics,which is a desirable property for repairing bone *** scaffold shows superior compressive strength than the cortical bone after immersion in simulated body *** tests indicate that the forsterite had inhibition effect on the growth of clinical bacterial *** may be a suitable candidate material for load bearing applications with enhanced mechanical properties and lower degradation rate.

关键词： Magnesium silicate Bone Antibacterial Dissolution Mechanical stability

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World Journal of AIDS 2013年第4期3卷 305-312页

作者： Sushma dahal Paras kumar Pokharel Birendra kumar Yadav Department of Public Health Central Institute of Science and Technology Baneshwor Kathmandu Nepal School of Public Health & Community Medicine BP Koirala Institute of Health Sciences Dharan Nepal School of Public Health & Community Medicine BP Koirala Institute of Health Sciences Dharan Nepal.

Labor migrants are those of the at-risk groups for HIV. This cross-sectional study has tried to examine HIV/AIDS-related stigma among Nepalese returnee male labor migrants. Migrant workers who have worked at least six months abroad were asked different questions related to sexual behavior, knowledge on HIV/AIDS & condom and HIV/AIDS-related stigma. Stigma was measured on a three-point rating scale as high, average and low stigma. About 58% of migrants had the view “I would rather not know if I have HIV” followed by “I don’t want to be friends with people living with HIV” (53.6% migrants) and “people with HIV are cursed” (35.5% migrants). High stigma was present among 15.5% of the total respondents with high proportion among those with higher age, lower education, rural residence, and no knowledge on Voluntary Counseling and Testing (VCT) service. About a quarter of respondents were of the view that migrants infected with HIV while abroad should not be allowed to return Nepal. Some level of stigma on HIV/AIDS exists among male labor migrants in Nepal. Interventions aiming at reducing stigma should consider the factors like migrants’ age, education, place of residence and knowledge on VCT services.

关键词： HIV/AIDS Related Stigma among Male Labor Migrants in Nepal

Physical,Mechanical,and Tribological Attributes of Stir-Cast AZ91/SiC_p Composite

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2014年第2期27卷 295-305页

作者： K.K.Ajith kumar Abhilash Viswanath T.P.D.rajan U.T.S.Pillai B.C.Pai Material Science and Technology Division CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology

In the present investigation, composites with silicon carbide particle （SiCp） as reinforcement and AZ91 magnesium alloy as matrix have been synthesized using liquid metal stir-casting technique with optimized processing conditions. The composites with good particle distribution in the matrix, and better grain refinement and good interfacial bonding between the matrix and reinforcement have been obtained. The effect of SiCp content on the physical, mechanical, and tribological properties of Mg-based metal matrix composite （MMC） is studied with respect to particle distribution, grain refinement, and particle/matrix interfacial reactions. The electrical conductivity, coefficient of thermal expansion, microas well as macro-hardness, tensile and compressive properties, and the fracture behavior of the composites along with dry sliding wear of the composites have been evaluated and compared with the base alloy.

关键词： Composite AZ91D alloy Casting alloy Mechanical properties Wear

Role of Media in Provoking Cigarette Smoking among Adolescents in Urban Nepal

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Health 2015年第1期7卷 98-105页

作者： Sushma dahal Sabeena Maharjan Raj kumar Subedi Juna Maharjan Department of Public Health Central Institute of Science and Technology (CIST College) Kathmandu Nepal Department of Social Science Tribhuwan University Kathmandu Nepal Lumanti Support Group for Shelter Kathmandu Nepal

At current era of globalization, media is the double edged sword that is important both for health education as well as the stimulation of unhealthy behaviour. In Nepal, though there is ban on most forms of advertising, it is not clear about placement of tobacco advertisement in TV, films and other forms of media. Studies about cigarette smoking and its association with media are inadequate in Nepal. The objective of this study was to explore the role of media in cigarette smoking habit of adolescents in Nepal. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 394 adolescent students by using questionnaire method in 3 randomly selected colleges of Kathmandu district, Nepal. Data were analysed by using bivariate and multinomial logistic regression analysis. Statistically significant relationship at 95% CI was found between cigarette smoking status and media related variables like: seeing cigarette advertisement, reading fashion magazine, attending musical program sponsored by cigarette companies, watching movies in cinema hall, liking heavy metal/hard rock music, television watching time and desire to smoke if favourite artist smokes. Multinomial logistic regression showed that those with high receptivity to cigarette advertisement were likely to be current smokers (OR = 71.416, CI: 8.796 - 579.823) and ever smokers (OR = 9.582, CI: 2.201 - 41.714) compared to never smokers. About 79% of respondents agreed that media teaches different ways of smoking to its audiences. Different forms of media including cinema, music, magazines, television, games and music sponsorship are found to be important predictors for smoking status of college students in urban Nepal. Thus smoking prevention activities should consider role of media in smoking provocation among adolescents.

关键词： Adolescents Cigarette Advertisement Media Provocation Smoking

Research on the Performance of Inventory Management in Salt Trading Corporation Limited(STC)

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Research on the Performance of Inventory Management in Salt ...

作者： rajan kumar Singh 东北大学

学位级别：硕士

本论文的目的是分析盐业贸易有限公司的库存管理与净销售额,净利润和采购的关系。Salt Trading Corporation Limited(STC)成立四十多年,通过尼泊尔政府和私营部门的共同努力,确保在全国各地适当供应和分配基本消费品。这项研究的主要目... 详细信息

本论文的目的是分析盐业贸易有限公司的库存管理与净销售额,净利润和采购的关系。Salt Trading Corporation Limited(STC)成立四十多年,通过尼泊尔政府和私营部门的共同努力,确保在全国各地适当供应和分配基本消费品。这项研究的主要目标是衡量STC库存管理实践的表现与库存管理问题相关联,并分析他们的解决方式,有助于STC的盈利能力。分析库存水平的位置及其在STC中的趋势,并分析库存与净销售额,净利润,购买和利息支出的关系。为了实现这些目标,收集了初级和次级数据。采用均值、标准差、变异系数、相关系数、回归概率误差、趋势分析等统计手段分析数据。同样,也使用了财务工具,如比率,库存周转率和库存保持日。在分析了目前盐品贸易公司库存管理的实践后,得出的主要结论是,库存与总资产、净销售额和当前比率在过去四年有所增加,但在过去两年有所下降。最初,库存与净利润比率较小,此后,除了 2014/2015财年的净利润如此之高,但去年的比率严重下降之外,比率呈持续上升的趋势。在整个研究期间,存货周转率呈下降趋势。2013/2014和2014/2015五个会计年度的库存持有天数的平均值非常高。除了 2012/2013财政年度和2015/2016财政年度之外,净销售额和库存趋势在相同的模式中波动,而库存库存差异的共同效率低于净销售额差异的共同效率。净利润趋势保持波动,净利润差异的协同效率高于库存差异的协同效率。利息费用的趋势是在可变利率连续增加,有库存的高波动。库存差异的共同效益高于利息支出差异的共同效益。在2015/2016财政年度,采购量略有减少,而库存急剧增加,再次下降。库存差异的共同效率低于采购差异的共同效率。净销售额超过购买,因此在期间结束时,净销售额和购买的趋势相同。净销售额差异的协同效率略低于采购差异的协同效率。从回归结果中可以发现,库存与净销售额、净利润、除利息支出外的采购存在负相关关系。在净销售额和库存之间找到最高的相关性(r=0.83),而最低的相关性是净利润和库存(r=0.2)。回归结果,发现库存与净销售额、净利润、购买除利息支出之间存在负相关关系。这项研究提出了更好的库存管理的以下几点。这项研究使用简单的回归分析,但是,它可以使用多元回归分析,以确定库存水平的回归模型。在研究期间,净销售额、净利润和采购额出现波动时,库存量在增加。因此,没有适当的库存协调与净销售,净利润和采购交易。管理层强烈建议有效地应用库存管理系统。没有适当的库存水平与净销售和采购的协调。因此,库存的平均持有期高,为了保持最佳的库存水平,应更好地协调库存与净销售,采购等。我们可以通过告诉盐贸易公司(STC)库存管理的表现并不令人满意,必须投入艰苦的工作才能在不久的将来在这个全球开放市场中生

关键词：分析净销售额净利润采购成本分析库存管理比率分析等

Models and Algorithms for Diffuse Optical Tomographic System

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International Journal of Communications, Network and System Sciences 2013年第12期6卷 489-496页

作者： Samir kumar Biswas rajan Kanhirodan Ram Mohan Vasu Department of Instrumentation and Applied Physics Indian Institute of Science Bangalore India Department of Physics Indian Institute of Science Bangalore India

Diffuse optical tomography (DOT) using near-infrared (NIR) light is a promising tool for noninvasive imaging of deep tissue. The approach is capable of reconstructing the quantitative optical parameters (absorption coefficient and scattering coefficient) of a soft tissue. The motivation for reconstructing the optical property variation is that it and, in particular, the absorption coefficient variation, can be used to diagnose different metabolic and disease states of tissue. In DOT, like any other medical imaging modality, the aim is to produce a reconstruction with good spatial resolution and in contrast with noisy measurements. The parameter recovery known as inverse problem in highly scattering biological tissues is a nonlinear and ill-posed problem and is generally solved through iterative methods. The algorithm uses a forward model to arrive at a prediction flux density at the tissue boundary. The forward model uses light transport models such as stochastic Monte Carlo simulation or deterministic methods such as radioactive transfer equation (RTE) or a simplified version of RTE namely the diffusion equation (DE). The finite element method (FEM) is used for discretizing the diffusion equation. The frequently used algorithm for solving the inverse problem is Newton-based Model based Iterative Image Reconstruction (N-MoBIIR). Many Variants of Gauss-Newton approaches are proposed for DOT reconstruction. The focuses of such developments are 1) to reduce the computational complexity;2) to improve spatial recovery;and 3) to improve contrast recovery. These algorithms are 1) Hessian based MoBIIR;2) Broyden-based MoBIIR;3) adjoint Broyden-based MoBIIR;and 4) pseudo-dynamic approaches.

关键词： Diffuse Optical Tomography Gauss Newton Methods Broyden and Adjoint Broyden Approaches Pseu-do-Dynamic Method

The Synthesis and Characterization of Arc Melted Fe1-xAlxAlloys

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Journal of Applied Mathematics and Physics 2013年第2期1卷 4-8页

作者： Sandeep rajan Rajni Shukla Anil kumar Anupam Vyas Ranjeet kumar Brajpuriya Department of Physics Amity University Haryana Gurgaon India. Department of Physics Deenbandhu Chhotu Ram University of Science & Technology Sonipat India

The paper presents correlation study on a series of Fe1-xAlx alloy samples prepared by arc melting. All the samples show crystalline structure, irrespective of the Al content and are textured mainly along (110) direction. The particle size decreases rapidly with x particularly after x > 0.3. The corresponding magnetic measurements were obtained at room temperature using a VSM, with a maximum applied field of 14 kOe. The results show that the ferromagnetic state of the samples disappears with x, and becomes paramagnetic for alloys with x ≥ 0.4. It is also found that coercivity (Hc) and resistivity increase with x. The results were interpreted in terms of continuous change in their electronic structure i.e. overlap of the electron wave functions of the magnetic atoms with the Al electron wave function.

关键词： Transition Metal Aluminides Magnetization and Electronic Properties