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Fault-Tolerant Resolvability of Certain Crystal Structures

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Applied Mathematics 2016年第7期7卷 599-604页

作者： Sathish Krishnan Bharati rajan Research and Development Centre Bharathiar University Coimbatore India Department of Mathematics DMI College of Engineering Chennai India Department of Mathematics Loyola College Chennai India School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences Faculty of Science and IT The University of Newcastle Callaghan Australia

An ordered set W of vertices of a graph G is called a resolving set, if all the vertices of G are uniquely determined by the vector of distances to the vertices in W. The metric dimension of G is the minimum cardinality of a resolving set of G. A resolving set W for G is fault-tolerant if W\{v} is also a resolving set, for each v in W, and the fault-tolerant metric dimension of G is the minimum cardinality of such a set. In this paper we determine the metric dimension and fault-tolerant metric dimension problems for the graphs of certain crystal structures.

关键词： Resolving Set Metric Dimension Fault-Tolerant metric Dimension Crystal Structures Bismuth Tri-Iodide Lead Chloride Quartz

On Embedding of m-Sequential k-ary Trees into Hypercubes

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Applied Mathematics 2010年第6期1卷 499-503页

作者： Indra Rajasingh Bharati rajan Ramanathan Sundara rajan 不详

In this paper, we present an algorithm for embedding an m-sequential k-ary tree into its optimal hypercube with dilation at most 2 and prove its correctness.

关键词： Hypercube Embedding Dilation Pre-order Labeling Hamiltonian Cycle k-ary Tree

SGLT-2 inhibitors in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A systematic review

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World Journal of Diabetes 2019年第2期10卷 114-132页

作者： Henith Raj Harsh Durgia rajan Palui Sadishkumar Kamalanathan Sandhiya Selvarajan Sitanshu Sekhar Kar Jayaprakash Sahoo Department of Endocrinology Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research Puducherry 605006 India Department of Clinical Pharmacology Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research Puducherry 605006 India Department of Preventive and Social Medicine Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research Puducherry 605006 India

BACKGROUND Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)is a common comorbidity with type 2 *** existing therapeutic options for NAFLD are not *** diet and exercise is the cornerstone of therapy in *** is the only drug recommended in diabetes patients with biopsy proven non-alcoholic *** frequent coexistence of NAFLD and type 2 diabetes with their combined adverse health consequences and inadequate therapeutic options makes it necessary to search for newer *** To assess the effect of sodium glucose cotransporter-2(SGLT-2)inhibitors on liver enzymes in type 2 diabetes patients with *** We searched PubMed/MEDLINE,Cochrane library,Google scholar,and *** for the relevant articles to be included in this systematic *** studies done in type 2 diabetes patients with NAFLD treated with SGLT-2 inhibitors for at least 12 wk were *** from eight studies(four randomised controlled trials and four observational studies)were extracted and a narrative synthesis was done.A total of 214 patients were treated with SGLT-2 inhibitors in these studies(94 in randomised controlled trials and 120 in observational studies).RESULTS The primary outcome measure was change in serum alanine aminotransferase *** of eight studies,seven studies showed a significant decrease in serum alanine aminotransferase *** of the studies revealed reduction in serum level of other liver enzymes like aspartate aminotransferase and gamma glutamyl *** studies that reported a change in hepatic fat exhibited a significant reduction in hepatic fat content in those treated with SGLT-2 ***,among the three studies that evaluated a change in indices of hepatic fibrosis,two studies revealed a significant improvement in liver ***,there was an improvement in obesity,insulin resistance,glycaemia,and lipid parameters in those subjects taking SGLT-2 *** st

关键词： Alanine aminotransferase Hepatic fat Hepatic fibrosis Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitor Type 2 diabetes mellitus

Controllable synthesis of a hollow Cr2O3 electrocatalyst for enhanced nitrogen reduction toward ammonia synthesis

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2022年第1期35卷 358-365页

作者： Lei Shi Yu Yin Hong Wu rajan Arjan Kalyan Hirani Xinyuan Xu Jinqiang Zhang Nasir Rafique Abdul Hannan Asif Shu Zhang Hongqi Sun School of Engineering Edith Cowan UniversityJoondalupWA 6027Australia College of Materials Science and Engineering Nanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing 210037China School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering Jiangsu University of Science and TechnologyZhenjiang 212003China

As a fascinating alternative to the energy-intensive Haber-Bosch process,the electrochemically-driven N_(2) reduction reaction(NRR)utilizing the N_(2) and H_(2)O for the production of NH3 has received enormous *** development and preparation of promising electrocatalysts are requisite to realize an efficient N_(2) conversion for NH3 *** this research,we propose a template-assisted strategy to construct the hollow electrocatalyst with controllable *** a paradigm,the hollow Cr_(2)O_(3) nanocatalyst with a uniform size(~170 nm),small cavity and ultrathin shell(~15 nm)is successfully fabricated with this *** promising hollow structure is favourable to trap N_(2) into the cavity,provides abundant active sites to accelerate the three-phase interactions,and facilitates the reactant transfer across the *** to these synergetic effects,the designed catalyst displays an outstanding behaviour in N_(2) fixation for NH3 production in ambient *** the neutral electrolyte of 0.1 mol·L^(-1) Na_(2)SO_(4),an impressive electrocatalytic performance with the NH3 generation rate of 2.72μg·h^(-1)·cm^(-2) and a high FE of 5.31%is acquired respectively at-0.85 V with the hollow Cr_(2)O_(3) *** by this work,it is highly expected that this approach could be applied as a universal strategy and extended to fabricating other promising electrocatalysts for realizing highly efficient nitrogen reduction reaction(NRR).

关键词： Hollow structure Electrocatalytic N_(2)fixation NH_(3)synthesis Template-assisted strategy Ambient condition

Nutritional composition,in vitro antioxidant and anti-diabetic potentials of Breynia retusa(Dennst.)Alston

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2016年第1期5卷 30-38页

作者： rajan Murugan Jaganathan Prabu Rahul Chandran Thangarajan Sajeesh Murugaiyan Iniyavan Thangaraj Parimelazhagan Bioprospecting Laboratory Department of BotanyBharathiar UniversityCoimbatore 641046Tamil NaduIndia

The present study evaluated the nutritional and total phenolic contents of leaves and fruit of Breynia retusa to study the inhibitory potentials against free radicals,-amylase and-glucosidase *** composition and anti-nutrient content were investigated in the powdered samples of leaf and *** phenolic,flavonoid,vitamin C and E contents were measured by spectrophotometric *** activity was estimated by employing various in vitro ***-amylase and-glucosidase inhibitors were studied to determine the anti-diabetic potential of *** composition of fruit showed higher starch,total proteins,total free amino acids and mineral contents as compared to ***-nutrient contents of fruit and leaves exhibited a minimum amount of trypsin inhibiting activity and tannin ***,higher contents of total phenolics and vitamin E were found in leaf methanol *** leaf extract also showed higher antioxidant activity in DPPH•,FRAP,metal ion chelating and lipid peroxidation inhibition *** leaf and fruit methanol extracts inhibited-amylase and-glucosidase *** conclusion,nutritional composition,antioxidant and anti-diabetic activities of *** are suitable and promising for the development as a safe food product or natural additive.

关键词： methanol phenolic vitamin

Perovskite Solar Fibers:Current Status,Issues and Challenges

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Advanced Fiber Materials 2019年第2期1卷 101-125页

作者： Andrew Balilonda Qian Li Mike Tebyetekerwa Rogers Tusiime Hui Zhang rajan Jose Fatemeh Zabihi Shengyuan Yang Seeram Ramakrishna Meifang Zhu State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials International Joint Laboratory for Advanced Fiber and Low-dimension MaterialsCollege of Materials Science and EngineeringDonghua UniversityShanghai 201620People’s Republic of China Research School of Electrical Energy and Materials EngineeringCollege of Engineering and Computer ScienceThe Australian National UniversityCanberraACT 2601Australia Nanostructured Renewable Energy Materials Laboratory Faculty of Industrial Sciences and TechnologyUniversiti Malaysia Pahang26300 PekanMalaysia Centre for Nanofibers and Nanotechnology National University of SingaporeSingapore 117581Singapore

Perovskite-based solar cells with high power conversion efficiencies(PCEs)are currently being demonstrated in solid-state device *** elevated performances can possibly be attained with different non-standard geometries,for example,the fiber-shaped perovskite solar cells,in the light of careful design and ***-shaped solar cells are promising in smart textiles energy harvesting towards next-generation electronic applications and *** can be made with facile process and at low ***,fiber-shaped perovskite solar devices have been reported,particularly with the focus on the proof-of-concept in such non-traditional *** this line,there are so many technical aspects which need to be addressed,if these photovoltaic(PV)cells are to be industrialized and produced ***,a well-organized and comprehensive discussion about the reported devices in this arena is *** challenges that need to be addressed,the possible solutions and the probable applications of these PV cells are also *** still,the perovskite fiber-shaped PV cells with other fiber PV devices reported in literature in terms of their scope,characteristic designs,performances,and other technical considerations have been summarised.

关键词： Fiber-shaped solar cells Perovskites Photovoltaics Smart textiles Fiber materials

Study of Eppler 423 Airfoil with Gurney Flap and Vortex Generators

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Advances in Aerospace Science and Technology 2020年第1期5卷 1-19页

作者： Sushil Chandra rajan Tyagi Aerospace Engineering Department IIT Bombay Mumbai India

In the past extensive research has been carried out, to study the effect of Gurney flap (GF) on symmetric and cambered airfoil for its usage in low Reynolds number regime. Use of GF at the trailing edge of the airfoil enhances the lift due to increase in the effective camber of the airfoil, which in turn improves the aerodynamic efficiency i.e. Cl/Cd. In the present study, Eppler 423 airfoil is used to first understand the aerodynamics of such a highly cambered airfoil and later GF of various sizes were added on it to understand the change in flow dynamics achieved by adding the GF and their impact on aerodynamic parameters such as Cl, Cd and Cl/Cd. Eppler 423 being a highly cambered airfoil produces high lift coefficient and smoother stall and by adding the GF of various sizes the performance of Eppler 423 improves tremendously and reason for this enhanced performance and effect of size of GF are presented in this paper. Vortex Generators (VG) generate counter rotating vortices that allow the flow to remain attached even at high angles of attack. Also, effect of adding VG at the leading edge of Eppler 423 aerofoil is presented in this paper. At last, results obtained from combination of VG at leading edge and GF at trailing edge on Eppler 423 aerofoil are discussed at length.

关键词： Eppler 423 Airfoil Gurney Flap Vortex Generators Aerodynamic Efficiency Stall

Self-lubricating bidirectional carbon fiber reinforced smart aluminum composites by squeeze infiltration process

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2019年第11期35卷 2559-2569页

作者： K.M.Sree Manu L.Ajay Raag T.P.D.rajan B.C.Pai Vijay Petley Shweta Namdeo Verma CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology TrivandrumIndia Gas Turbine Research Establishment(GTRE) BangaloreIndia

Self-lubrication is one of the smart material properties required for producing components with enhanced wear resistance and low coefficient of ***(BD)satin weave polyacrylonitrile(PAN)based carbon fiber(Cf)fabric preform was successfully infiltrated with Al 6061 alloy by squeeze infiltration *** infiltrated composite shows uniform distribution of carbon fibers in the matrix with the elimination of porosities,fiber damage and close control on the formation of deleterious aluminum carbide(Al4C3)***/Al composite exhibits remarkable wear resistance compared to unreinforced alloy due to the formation of self-lubricating tribolayer on the pin surface,which intercepts the contact of matrix metal to counter *** BD carbon fiber enhanced the hardness and compressive strength of the composite by restraining the plastic flow behavior of *** resolution transmission electron microscopy shows the presence of Al2O3 and MgAl2O4 spinel,confirmed by EDS and SAD pattern,at the composite *** composite shows a lower density of 2.16 g/cm^3 which is a major ad vantage for weight reduction compared to the monolithic alloy(2.7 g/cm^3).

关键词： Metal matrix composites Squeeze infiltration Aluminum Carbon fiber fabric Tribology Microstructure

Conservation tillage impacts on soil,crop and the environment

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2015年第2期3卷 119-129页

作者： Mutiu Abolanle Busari Surinder Singh Kukal Amanpreet Kaur rajan Bhatt Ashura Ally Dulazi Department of Soil Science and Land Management Federal University of AgricultureP.M.B.2240 AbeokutaNigeria Department of Soil Science Punjab Agricultural university141001 LudhianaIndia Ministry of Agriculture Food Security and CooperativesAgriculture Research InstituteMakutuporaDodomaP.O.BOX 1676Tanzania

There is an urgent need to match food production with increasing world population through identification of sustainable land management ***,the struggle to achieve food security should be carried out keeping in mind the soil where the crops are grown and the environment in which the living things *** agriculture(CA),practising agriculture in such a way so as to cause minimum damage to the environment,is being advocated at a large scale *** tillage,the most important aspect of CA,is thought to take care of the soil health,plant growth and the *** paper aims to review the work done on conservation tillage in different agro-ecological regions so as to understand its impact from the perspectives of the soil,the crop and the *** reports have identified several benefits of conservation tillage over conventional tillage(CT)with respect to soil physical,chemical and biological properties as well as crop *** less than 25%of the greenhouse gas effluxes to the atmosphere are attributed to *** of climate change mitigation and adaptation found zero tillage(ZT)to be the most environmental friendly among different tillage ***,conservation tillage involving ZT and minimum tillage which has potential to break the surface compact zone in soil with reduced soil disturbance offers to lead to a better soil environment and crop yield with minimal impact on the environment.&2015 International Research and Training Center on Erosion and Sedimentation and China Water and Power *** and Hosting by Elsevier *** is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license(http://***/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

关键词： Atmosphere Greenhouse gases Conservation tillage Sustainable crop yield