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Review of MXenes as a component in smart textiles and an adsorbent for textile wastewater remediation

Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第2期35卷 208-222页

作者： Kaniz Farhana Kumaran Kadirgama Abu Shadate Faisal Mahamude rajan Jose Department of Apparel Engineering Bangladesh University of TextilesDhaka 1208Bangladesh Faculty of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering Technology Universiti Malaysia Pahang26600 PekanPahangMalaysia Center of Automotive Engineering Universiti Malaysia PahangMalaysia College of Engineering Universiti Malaysia Pahang26300 GambangPahangMalaysia Faculty of Industrial Sciences & Technology Universiti Malaysia Pahang26300 KuantanMalaysia Center of Intelligent Materials Universiti Malaysia Pahang26300 KuantanMalaysia

Two-dimensional(2D)MXenes have emerged as an archetypical layered material combining the properties of an organic-inorganic hybrid offering materials sustainability for a range of *** surface functional groups and the associated chemical properties'tailorability through functionalizing MXenes with other materials as well as hydrophilicity and high conductivity enable them to be the best successor for various applications in textile industries,especially in the advancement of smart textiles and remediation of textile ***-based textile composite performs superb smartness in high-performance wearables as well as in the reduction of textile dyes from *** article critically reviews the significance of MXenes in two sectors of the textile ***,we review the improvement of textile raw materials such as fiber,yarn,and fabric by using MXene as electrodes in supercapacitors,pressure ***,we review advancements in the removal of dyes from textile wastewater utilizing MXene as an absorbent by the adsorption ***-based textiles demonstrated superior strength through the strong bonding between MXene and textile structures as well as the treatment of adsorbate by adsorbent(MXene in the adsorption process).We identify critical gaps for further research to enable their real-life applications.

关键词： Textile fibers Industrial wastewater treatment MAX phases Hybrid electrodes Adsorption

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Limited impacts of occasional tillage on dry aggregate size distribution and soil carbon and nitrogen fractions in semi-arid drylands

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2024年第1期12卷 96-106页

作者： Wooiklee S.Paye Vesh R.Thapa rajan ghimire New Mexico State University Agricultural Science CenterClovisNM88101USA New Mexico State University Department of Plant and Environmental SciencesLas CrucesNM88003USA

Tillage management that minimizes the frequency and intensity of soil disturbance can increase soil carbon(C)and nitrogen(N)sequestration and improve the resilience of dryland cropping systems,yet the impact of occasional disturbance on soil aggregate formation and the soil organic carbon(SOC)storage within aggregates has not been studied *** evaluated the effect of four tillage management practices on soil dry aggregate size distribution,aggregate-protected C and N,mineral-associated organic matter carbon(MAOM-C),particulate organic matter carbon(POM-C),and corn(Zea mays L.)and sorghum(Sorghum bicolor(L.)Moench)yields in a semi-arid dryland cropping *** included conventional tillage(CT),strip-tillage(ST),no-tillage(NT),and occasional tillage(OT)management in a corn-sorghum *** macro-aggregates were 51-54%greater under ST,NT,and OT,while small and micro-aggregates were greater in *** tillage reduced soil aggregate-associated C by 28-31%in macro-aggregates and 47-53%in small aggregates at 26 months(M)sampling compared to ST,NT,and *** clay+silt fraction,CT had 14-16%,21-26%,and 36-43%less SOC at 7,14,and 26M samplings,respectively,than ST,NT,and *** associated N was generally similar under ST,NT,and OT,which was greater on average than *** MOAM-C and POM-C under ST,NT,and OT were generally greater than respective SOC fractions under CT at 19 and 26 M after OT *** and sorghum yields were similar among tillage systems in 2020,but greater under ST,NT,and OT than CT in *** results suggest that while frequent intensive tillage can lower SOC and N storage,a single stubble mulch occasional tillage after several years of NT does not lead to soil C and N losses and soil structural instability in semi-arid drylands.

关键词： Conventional tillage Occasional tillage Aggregate associated carbon Mineral associated organic matter carbon(MAOM-C) Particulate organic matter carbon(POM-C)

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WET STRENgTH PAPER REPULPINg: LABORATORY EVALUATION

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天津科技大学学报 2004年第S2期 229-235页

作者： Nishi K. Bhardwaj,Vikas rajan,A. g. Kulkarni Scientist (Ex) & Corresponding author Director Central Pulp and Paper Research Institute Saharanpur - 247 001 INDIA Asstt. Scientist (Ex)Director Central Pulp and Paper Research Institute Saharanpur - 247 001 INDIA Director Central Pulp and Paper Research Institute Saharanpur - 247 001 INDIA

The recycling of wet strength papers in a normal recycling mill is often troublesome due to the severe operating conditions required to defibre wet strength papers. The various methods are presented which will quickly allow mills to determine the most effective pulping aids to use when repulping wet strength papers. The repulping of wet strength paper with inorganic chemicals was investigated in the laboratory. The effects of major variables, that is, repulping time, pulp consistency, soaking time, temperature, and reactant concentration in the repulping stage were examined using Plackett-Burman design. The repulping time was the most crucial & influential process variable affecting repulping characteristic and formation related properties. The more significant repulping process variables affecting pulp yield were repulping time, soaking temperature and pulp consistency whereas for formation index and feature size, repulping time, pulp consistency, soaking temperature and time were the more important variables. The formation index is increased by an increase in repulping time, pulp consistency and soaking time whereas the feature size is decreased by an increase in repulping time, soaking temperature and pulp consistency. The formation index and the rejects were more sensitive to changes in process variables than were the feature size or the pulp yield. The pulp recycled from wet strength waste paper had good physical strength properties.

关键词： Wet strength wet strength paper waste paper repulping recycling.

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Direct Pointwise Comparison of FE Predictions to StereoDIC Measurements:Developments and Validation Using Double Edge-Notched Tensile Specimen

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第8期140卷 1263-1298页

作者： Troy Myers Michael A.Sutton Hubert Schreier Alistair Tofts Sreehari rajan Kattil Department of Mechanical Engineering University of South CarolinaColumbiaSC29208USA Correlated Solutions Incorporated 121 Dutchman BlvdColumbiaSC29063USA

To compare finite element analysis(FEA)predictions and stereovision digital image correlation(StereoDIC)strain measurements at the same spatial positions throughout a region of interest,a field comparison procedure is *** procedure includes(a)conversion of the finite element data into a triangular mesh,(b)selection of a common coordinate system,(c)determination of the rigid body transformation to place both measurements and FEA data in the same system and(d)interpolation of the FEA nodal information to the same spatial locations as the StereoDIC measurements using barycentric *** an aluminum Al-6061 double edge notched tensile specimen,FEA results are obtained using both the von Mises isotropic yield criterion and Hill’s quadratic anisotropic yield criterion,with the unknown Hill model parameters determined using full-field specimen strain measurements for the nominally plane stress *** Hill’s quadratic anisotropic yield criterion,the point-by-point comparison of experimentally based full-field strains and stresses to finite element predictions are shown to be in excellent agreement,confirming the effectiveness of the field comparison process.

关键词： StereoDIC spatial co-registration data transformation finite element simulations point-wise comparison of measurements and FEA predictions double edge notch specimen model validation

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Diagnosing upper tract urothelial carcinoma: A review of the role of diagnostic ureteroscopy and novel developments over last two decades

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Asian Journal of Urology 2024年第2期11卷 242-252页

作者： Paul gravestock Daniel Cullum Bhaskar Somani rajan Veeratterapillay Urology Department Freeman HospitalNewcastle Upon TyneUK Department of Urology University Hospital SouthamptonSouthamptonUK

Objective: The role of ureteroscopy in the diagnosis of upper tract urothelial carcinoma is yet to be fully determined. We aimed to provide an up to date evaluation of its role and the emerging technologies in the ***: A literature search of the last two decades (from 24th May, 2001 to 24th May, 2021) was carried out identifying 147 papers for potential inclusion within this narrative ***: Diagnostic ureteroscopy is undeniably useful in its ability to visualise and biopsy indeterminate lesions, and to risk stratify malignant lesions that may be suitable for kidney sparing surgery. However, an increased risk of intravesical recurrence following nephroureterectomy when a prior diagnostic ureteroscopy has been performed, inadequate sampling at biopsy, complications from the procedure, and difficult ureteric access are all potential drawbacks. Furthermore, whilst generally an accurate diagnostic procedure, it risks missing carcinoma in-situ lesions. Despite this, evidence shows that routine use of ureteroscopy changes the management of patients in a large proportion of cases, preventing unnecessary surgery or facilitating kidney sparing surgery. The overall rate of complications is low, and improved biopsy techniques and the use of tissue biomarkers for improved staging and grading are encouraging. The risks of delays to definitive management and post-ureteroscopy intravesical recurrence do not seem to affect survival, and trials are in progress to determine whether intravesical therapy can mitigate the latter. Further promising techniques are being investigated to improve shortcomings, particularly in relation to improved diagnosis of carcinoma in situ and preoperative ***: Ureteroscopy has a role in the diagnosis of upper tract malignancy, though whether it should be used routinely is yet to be determined.

关键词： Ureteroscopy Carcinoma Transitional cell Ureteralneoplasms Urinary bladder neoplasms Carcinomainsitu Biopsy

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Minimally invasive management of parapharyngeal space tumors:Introducing a decision-making algorithm and radiologic tool

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Laparoscopic, Endoscopic and Robotic Surgery 2024年第3期7卷 97-101页

作者： Manuel Schoch gunesh rajan grzegorz Karwacki Department of Otolaryngology and Head-Neck Surgery Hospital of St.GallSt.GallenSwitzerland Department of Otolaryngology and Head-Neck Surgery Hospital of LucerneLuzernSwitzerland Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Hospital of LucerneLuzernSwitzerland

Objective Traditionally tumors of the parapharyngeal space(PPS)are resected through transcervical *** recent approaches include endoscopic approaches or transoral robotic surgery(TORS)without directions on when to use which *** objective was to find objective parameters to choose the most suitable *** It is a retrospective study containing 6 patients from May 2019 to May 2021 with tumors of the PPS treated in the Department of Otolaryngology and Head-Neck Surgery at the Hospital of Lucerne,*** The data was analysed in average 53 months after *** resection was completed with TORS in 3 patients and endoscopically in 3 *** operation time was 114 *** major complications *** evidence of tumor was found in magnetic resonance imaging studies postoperatively in all *** We conclude that a resection via TORS or endoscopic technique is safe and ***,we postulate that the further a tumor is located in the upper lateral area of the PPS,an approach via TORS is less possible.

关键词： Oto-rhino-laryngology Endoscopic surgery Robotic surgery Parapharyngeal space tumors

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Type 2 diabetes in children and adolescents:Exploring the disease heterogeneity and research gaps to optimum management

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World Journal of Clinical Pediatrics 2024年第2期13卷 80-99页

作者： Subhodip Pramanik Sunetra Mondal rajan Palui Sayantan Ray Department of Endocrinology Neotia Getwel Multi-specialty hospitalSiliguri 734010West BengalIndia Department of Endocrinology NRS Medical College and HospitalKolkata 700014West BengalIndia Department of Endocrinology All India Institute of Medical SciencesBhubaneswarBhubaneswar 751019OdishaIndia

Over the past 20 years,the incidence and prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)in children and adolescents have increased,particularly in racial and ethnic *** the rise in T2DM in children and adolescents,the pathophysiology and progression of disease in this population are not clearly ***-onset T2DM has a more adverse clinical course than is seen in those who develop T2DM in adulthood or those with ***,the available therapeutic options are more limited for children and adolescents with T2DM compared to adult patients,mostly due to the challenges of implementing clinical trials.A better understanding of the mechanisms underlying the development and aggressive disease phenotype of T2DM in youth is important to finding effective prevention and management *** review highlights the key evidence about T2DM in children and adolescents and its current burden and challenges both in clinical care and research activities.

关键词： Type 2 diabetes mellitus Children and adolescents Pathophysiology Heterogeneity Complications Treatment options Barriers

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Community perspectives on the effectiveness of watershed management institutions in the Himalayas

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第4期21卷 1119-1139页

作者： Nisha SILWAL Nabin DHUNgANA rajan SUBEDI Suraj UPADHAYA Chun-Hung LEE Natural Resources Conservation Nepal(NRCN) ChitwanP.O.Box 44200Nepal Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Studies College of Environmental StudiesNational Dong Hwa UniversityHualien 97401Chinese Taipei Institute of Forestry Tribhuvan UniversityPokharaP.O.Box 43Nepal School of Agriculture and Natural Resources Kentucky State UniversityFrankfortKY 40601USA Himalayan Conservation and Research Institute DolpaP.O.Box 21400Nepal

The sustainability of environmental management initiatives,such as watershed management programs,relies on the presence of effective institutions at the watershed ***,there needs to be more empirical evidence from evaluating the effectiveness of watershed-level ***,this study presents a pioneering effort to evaluate the effectiveness of Nepal’s first watershed conservation committee at the watershed scale,focusing on the case of the Khageri Khola watershed in Central *** study involved conducting a household survey,key informant interviews,focus group discussions,and field observations to collect and analyze the *** analysis,index value calculation,and chi-square statistics were then employed to summarize the results regarding local respondents’perceptions of twelve institutional characteristics,their rationalities,and their association with socio-demographic *** results reveal that the watershed conservation committee was perceived as performing well in managing the ***,good interaction,appropriate scale,technical,environmental,social,organizational,and government rationality were perceived as highly effective,with an average index value of less than *** contrast,clarity of objectives and economic rationality showed moderate effectiveness,with an average index value ranging from 0.36 to ***,the results suggested that adaptiveness,compliance capacity,and financial rationality merit increased attention,intending to improve their ***,the results showed the association of socio-demographics with respondents’perceptions of various indicators of institutional characteristics and their ***,the study provides valuable insights for policymakers,researchers,and development practitioners charged with designing sustainable and effective programs and *** enhance the effectiveness and sustainability of watershed management programs,we recommen

关键词： Watershed Watershed institutions Indicators Institutional characteristics Rationalities Nepal.

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Immunotherapy in type 1 diabetes:Novel pathway to the future ahead

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第10期15卷 2022-2035页

作者： Sayantan Ray rajan Palui Department of Endocrinology All India Institute of Medical SciencesBhubaneswar 751019India Department of Endocrinology The Mission HospitalDurgapur 713212India

Since the discovery of insulin over 100 years ago,the focus of research in the management of type 1 diabetes(T1D)has centered around glycemic control and management of complications rather than the prevention of autoimmune destruc-tion of pancreaticβ***,in recent years,there has been significant advancement in immune-targeted pharmacotherapy to halt the natural progres-sion of *** immune-targeted intervention aims to alter the underlying pa-thogenesis of T1D by targeting different aspects of the immune *** im-munotherapy can either antagonize the immune mediators like T cells,B cells or cytokines(antibody-based therapy),or reinduce self-tolerance to pancreaticβcells(antigen-based therapy)or stem-cell ***,the US Food and Drug Administration approved the first immunotherapy teplizumab to be used only in stage 2 of ***,the window of opportunity to practically implement this approved molecule in the selected target population is *** this Edito-rial,we briefly discuss the various promising recent developments in the field of immunotherapy research in ***,further studies of these newer thera-peutic agents are needed to explore their true potential for prevention or cure of T1D.

关键词： Type 1 diabetes Immunotherapy Teplizumab Antigen based therapy Stem cell immunotherapy

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成人单侧耳聋和不对称听力损失人工耳蜗植入质量标准(摘译)

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听力学及言语疾病杂志 2022年第5期30卷 566-568页

作者：丁香香(摘译) 刁明芳赵丹珩(审校) Távora-Vieira D rajan g Van de Heyning P 解放军总医院第六医学中心耳鼻咽喉头颈外科医学部耳内镜外科北京100048 华南理工大学医学院国家耳鼻咽喉疾病临床医学研究中心不详

人工耳蜗植入(cochlear implant,CI)是单侧聋(single-sided deafness,SSD)和不对称听力损失(asymmetric hearing loss,AHL)患者提高听力的方法。SSD和AHL的区别在于:SSD为患耳中度至重度听力损失,对侧耳听力正常或轻度听力损失;AHL是指... 详细信息

关键词：人工耳蜗植入听力损失 AHL 质量标准 SSD

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