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MXenes and heterostructures-based electrocatalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction:Recent developments and future outlook

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第5期92卷 176-206页

作者： Abdul hanan hafiz Taimoor Ahmed Awan Faiza Bibi raja rafid.h raja sulaiman Wai Yin Wong Rashmi Walvekar Seema Singh Mohammad Khalid Sunway Centre for Electrochemical Energy and Sustainable Technology(SCEEST) School of Engineering and TechnologySunway UniversityNo.5 Jalan UniversitiBandar Sunway47500 Petaling JayaSelangorMalaysia Fuel Cell Institute Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia43600 UKM BangiSelangorMalaysia Faculty of Innovation and Technology School of EngineeringChemical Engineering ProgrammeNo.1 Jalan Taylor’sTaylor’s University Malaysia47500 Subang JayaSelangorMalaysia Chitkara Centre for Research and Development Chitkara UniversityHimachal Pradesh 174103India School of Applied and Life Sciences Uttaranchal UniversityDehradunUttarakhand 248007India Manipal Institute of Technology Manipal Academy of Higher EducationManipal 576104KarnatakaIndia Centre of Research Impact and Outcome Chitkara UniversityPunjab 140401India

The increasing focus on electrocatalysis for sustainable hydrogen(h_(2))production has prompted significant interest in MXenes,a class of two-dimensional(2D)materials comprising metal carbides,carbonitrides,and *** materials exhibit intriguing chemical and physical properties,including excellent electrical conductivity and a large surface area,making them attractive candidates for the hydrogen evolution reaction(hER).This scientific review explores recent advancements in MXene-based electrocatalysts for hER *** discusses various compositions,functionalities,and explicit design principles while providing a comprehensive overview of synthesis methods,exceptional properties,and electro-catalytic approaches for h_(2) production via electrochemical ***,challenges and future prospects in designing MXenes-based electrocatalysts with enhanced kinetics are highlighted,emphasizing the potential of incorporating different metals to expand the scope of electrochemical *** review suggests possible efforts for developing advanced MXenes-based electrocatalysts,particularly for efficient h_(2) generation through electrochemical water-splitting reactions..

关键词： MXenes Electrocatalyst Water Splitting hydrogen Generation Clean Energy

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Magnetic properties of gadolinium and/or dysprosium substituted Sm-Co nanocomposite ribbons

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第6期42卷 1093-1100,I0004页

作者： Akila raja Shampa Aich Department of Metallurgical A Materials EngineeringIndian Institute of Technology(IIT) Kharagpur721302India

The present study reported the influence of heavy rare-earth elements(Gd and/or Dy)on Sm-Co-based melt-spun *** and magnetic properties of Sm-Co-based(Sm_(1-x)RE_(x)Co_(5))ternary and quaternary systems were *** X-ray diffraction,Auger spectroscopy,scanning electron microscopy(SEM)and transmission electron microscopy(TEM)analyses reveal the presence of the 1:5h and 2:17R phases in the as-spun ribbons.A high-temperature magnetic measurement reports a Curie temperature(Tc)at~825 and~869 K in Sm0.6Gd0.4Co5(ribbon A)and Sm_(0.6)Gd_(0.3)Dy_(0.1)Co_(5)(ribbon B),respectively.A low-temperature magnetic measurement on Sm0.6Gd0.3Dy0.1Co5 ribbons exhibits a type-2 SR(spin reorientation)behaviour at~72 K,which arises due to the presence of the DyCo5 *** temperature magnetic measurements reveal that overall magnetic measurement(OMP)is about 24 and 29.9 for ribbons A and B,***,the comparative investigations profess that ribbon B shows better magnetic performance due to Dy addition with reduced grain *** observation indicates that the Gd and Dy substituted Sm-Co magnet can be a potential magnet for high-temperature applications.

关键词： Permanent magnets Melt-spinning heavy rare-earth Curie temperature Rare earths

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A Comprehensive Classification and Analysis of Geomagnetic Storms Over Solar Cycle 24

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第8期24卷 75-84页

作者： raja Adibah raja halim Shah Nurul Shazana Abdul hamid Mardina Abdullah Adlyka Annuar Idahwati Sarudin Zahira Mohd Radzi Akimasa Yoshikawa Department of Applied Physics Faculty of Science and TechnologyUniversiti Kebangsaan Malaysia43600 BangiMalaysia Space Science Centre(ANGKASA) Institute of Climate ChangeUniversiti Kebangsaan Malaysia43600 BangiMalaysia Department of Electrical Electronic and Systems EngineeringFaculty of Engineering and Built EnvironmentUniversiti Kebangsaan Malaysia43600 BangiMalaysia School of Physics Universiti Sains Malaysia11800 USMPulau PinangMalaysia Malaysian Space Agency(MYSA) Kuala Lumpur50480Malaysia International Research Center for Space and Planetary Environmental Science(i-SPES) Kyushu University819-0395 FukuokaJapan

A geomagnetic storm is a global disturbance of Earth?s magnetosphere,occurring as a result of the interaction with magnetic plasma ejected from the *** considerable research,a comprehensive classification of storms for a complete solar cycle has not yet been fully developed,as most previous studies have been limited to specific storm *** study,therefore,attempted to present complete statistics for solar cycle 24,detailing the occurrence of geomagnetic storm events and classifying them by type of intensity(moderate,intense,and severe),type of complete interval(normal or complex),duration of the recovery phase(rapid or long),and the number of steps in the storm?s *** analysis was applied to data from ground-based magnetometers,which measured the Dst index as provided by the World Data Center for Geomagnetism,Kyoto,*** study identified 211 storm events,comprising moderate(177 events),intense(33 events),and severe(1 event)*** 36%of ICMEs and 23%of CIRs are found to be geoeffective,which caused geomagnetic *** to four-step development of geomagnetic storms was exhibited during the main phase for this solar *** showed the geomagnetic storms developed one or more steps in the main phase,which were probably related to the driver that triggered the geomagnetic storms.A case study was additionally conducted to observe the variations of the ionospheric disturbance dynamo(Ddyn)phenomenon that resulted from the geomagnetic storm event of 2015July *** attenuation of the Ddyn in the equatorial region was analyzed using the h component of geomagnetic field data from stations in the Asian sector(Malaysia and India).The variations in the Ddyn signatures were observed at both stations,with the TIR station(India)showing higher intensity than the LKW station(Malaysia).

关键词： (Sun)sunspots-Sun activity-(Sun)solar-terrestrial relations-Sun coronal mass ejections(CMEs)

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Epigenetic control on transcription of vernalization genes and whole-genome gene expression profile induced by vernalization in common wheat

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Plant Diversity 2024年第3期46卷 386-394页

作者： Yunzhen Li Liujie Jin Xinyu Liu Chao he Siteng Bi sulaiman Saeed Wenhao Yan National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement Hubei Hongshan LaboratoryHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070China

Vernalization is necessary for winter wheat to ***,it is unclear whether vernalization is also required for spring wheat,which is frequently sown in fall,and what molecular mechanisms underlie the vernalization response in wheat *** this study,we examined the molecular mechanisms that regulate vernalization response in winter and spring wheat *** this purpose,we determined how major vernalization genes(VRN1,VRN2,and VRN3)respond to vernalization in these varieties and whether modifications to histones play a role in changes in gene *** also identified genes that are differentially regulated in response to vernalization in winter and spring wheat *** found that in winter wheat,but not in spring wheat,VRN1 expression decreases when returned to warm temperature following *** finding may be associated with differences between spring and winter wheat in the levels of tri-methylation of lysine 27 on histone h3(h3K27me3)and tri-methylation of lysine 4 on histone h3(h3K4me3)at the VRN1 *** of winter wheat transcriptomes before and after vernalization revealed that vernalization influences the expression of several genes,including those involved in leucine catabolism,cysteine biosynthesis,and flavonoid *** findings provide new candidates for further study on the mechanism of vernalization regulation in wheat.

关键词： Wheat Vernalization VRN1 histone modification Regulate network

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Fe-doped Co_(3)O_(4) nanowire strutted 3D pinewood-derived carbon: A highly selective electrocatalyst for ammonia production via nitrate reduction

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Nano Research 2024年第4期17卷 2276-2282页

作者： Xuwei Liu Chaozhen Liu Xun he Zhengwei Cai Kai Dong Jun Li Xiaoya Fan Ting Xie Xiya Yang Yonglan Luo Dongdong Zheng Shengjun Sun sulaiman Alfaifi Feng Gong Xuping Sun Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 610054China Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control of Ministry of Education School of Energy and EnvironmentSoutheast UniversityNanjing 211189China College of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Materials ScienceShandong Normal UniversityJinan 250014China Chemistry Department Frontier of ScienceKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah 21589Saudi Arabia

Nitrate(NO_(3)^(-)),a nitrogen-containing pollutant,is prevalent in aqueous solutions,contributing to a range of environmental and health-related *** electrocatalytic reduction of NO_(3)^(-)holds promise as a sustainable approach to both eliminating NO_(3)^(-)and generating valuable ammonia(Nh_(3)).Nevertheless,the reduction reaction of NO_(3)^(-)(NO_(3)^(-)RR),involving 8-electron transfer process,is intricate,necessitating highly efficient electrocatalysts to facilitate the conversion of NO_(3)^(-)to Nh_(3).In this study,Fe-doped Co_(3)O_(4) nanowire strutted three-dimensional(3D)pinewood-derived carbon(Fe-Co_(3)O_(4)/PC)is proposed as a high-efficiency NO_(3)^(-)RR electrocatalyst for Nh_(3) *** within 0.1 M NaOh containing NO_(3)^(-),Fe-Co_(3)O_(4)/PC demonstrates exceptional performance,obtain an impressively large Nh_(3) yield of 0.55 mmol·h^(-1)·cm^(-2) and an exceptionally high Faradaic efficiency of 96.5%at-0.5 V,superior to its Co_(3)O_(4)/PC counterpart(0.2 mmol·h^(-1)·cm^(-2),73.3%).Furthermore,the study delves into the reaction mechanism of Fe-Co_(3)O_(4) for NO_(3)^(-)RR through theoretical calculations.

关键词： Fe-doped Co_(3)O_(4) nanowire pinewood-derived carbon electrocatalytic NO_(3)-reduction Nh_(3) synthesis density functional theory

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Biphasic reduction model for predicting the impacts of dye-bath constituents on the reduction of tris-azo dye Direct Green-1 by zero valent iron(Fe^0)

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2017年第2期29卷 160-169页

作者： raja Kumar Alok Sinha Department of Environmental Science&Engineering Indian School of MinesDhanbad 826004JharkhandIndia

Influence of common dye-bath additives, namely sodium chloride, ammonium sulphate,urea, acetic acid and citric acid, on the reductive decolouration of Direct Green 1 dye in the presence of Fe0 was investigated. Organic acids improved dye reduction by augmenting Fe0 corrosion, with acetic acid performing better than citric acid. Na Cl enhanced the reduction rate by its ‘salting out’ effect on the bulk solution and by Cl-anion-mediated pitting corrosion of iron surface.（Nh4）2SO4induced ‘salting out’ effect accompanied by enhanced iron corrosion by SO42-anion and buffering effect of Nh4＋ improved the reduction ***, at 2 g/L（Nh4）2SO4concentration, complexating of SO42-with iron oxides decreased Fe0 reactivity. Urea severely compromised the reduction reaction, onus to its chaotropic and‘salting in’ effect in solution, and due to it masking the Fe0 surface. Decolouration obeyed biphasic reduction kinetics（R2〉 0.993 in all the cases） exhibiting an initial rapid phase,when more than 95% dye reduction was observed, preceding a tedious phase. Maximum rapid phase reduction rate of 0.955/min was observed at p h 2 in the co-presence of all dye-bath constituents. The developed biphasic model reckoned the influence of each dye-bath additive on decolouration and simulated well with the experimental data obtained at ph 2.

关键词： Biphasic kinetics/model Direct Green 1 Dye-bath additives Fe0

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An amorphous FeMoO_(4) nanorod array enabled high-efficiency oxygen evolution electrocatalysis in alkaline seawater

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Nano Research 2024年第4期17卷 2270-2275页

作者： Jie Tang Shengjun Sun Xun he hui Zhang Chaoxin Yang Min Zhang Meng Yue hefeng Wang Yuntong Sun Yonglan Luo sulaiman Alfaifi Asmaa Farouk Mohamed S.hamdy Xuping Sun huiqing Wang Binwu Ying Department of Laboratory Medicine West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu 610041China College of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Materials ScienceShandong Normal UniversityJinan 250014China Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 610054China Chemistry Department Faculty of ScienceKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah 21589Saudi Arabia Department of Chemistry College of ScienceKing Khalid UniversityAbha 61413Saudi Arabia Medical Simulation Centre West China Second University HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu 610041China

The development of highly efficient and durable oxygen evolution reaction(OER)catalysts for seawater electrolysis is of great importance for ***,an amorphous FeMoO_(4) nanorod array on Ni foam is reported as a highly active OER electrocatalyst in alkaline seawater,requiring only overpotentials of 303 and 332 mV to achieve 100 and 300 mA·cm^(-2),***,it shows strong long-term electrochemical durability for at least 50 h.

关键词： amorphous material FeMoO_(4) nanorod array electrocatalyst seawater electrolysis oxygen evolution reaction

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Natural frequency characteristics of thin-walled homogeneous and manifold layered cylindrical shells under pressure using energy method

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Journal of Central South University 2014年第2期21卷 521-532页

作者： M.R.Isvandzibaei hishamuddin Jamaluddin raja Ishak raja hamzah Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Universiti Teknologi Malaysia

Energy method for the vibration of two types of cylindrical shells,namely thin-walled homogeneous isotropic and manifold layered isotropic cylindrical shells under uniform external lateral pressure is *** study is carried out based on strain-displacement relationship from Love's shell theory with beam functions as axial modal function.A manifold layered cylindrical shell configuration is formed by three layers of isotropic material where the inner and outer layers are stainless steel and the middle layer is *** homogeneous cylindrical shell is made-up of isotropic one layer with stainless *** governing equations with uniform external lateral pressure for homogeneous isotropic and manifold layered isotropic cylindrical shells are obtained using energy functional by the Lagrangian function with Rayleigh-Ritz *** boundary conditions that are presented at the end conditions of the cylindrical shell are simply supported-simply supported,clamped-clamped and *** influences of uniform external lateral pressure and symmetrical boundary conditions on the natural frequency characteristics for both homogeneous and manifold layered isotropic cylindrical shells are *** all boundary conditions considered,the natural frequency of both cylindrical shells with symmetric uniform lateral pressure increases as h/R ratio increases and those considering natural frequency of the both cylindrical shells with symmetric uniform lateral pressure decrease as L/R ratio increases.

关键词： cylindrical shell manifold layered pressure energy method

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Threshold Chloride Concentration for Passivity Breakdown of Mg-Zn-Gd-Nd-Zr Alloy (EV31A) in Basic Solution

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2017年第4期30卷 352-366页

作者： Jakraphan Ninlachart Krishnan S. raja Chemical and Materials Engineering University of IdahoMoscow ID 83844-1021 USA

Mg-Zn-Gd-Nd-Zr alloy （EV31A） is a heat-treatable magnesium （Mg） cast alloy that can be used up to 200 ℃ for automobile and aerospace applications. This alloy has excellent mechanical properties （ultimate tensile strength： 280 MPa at room temperature, and -230 MPa at 200 ℃） and improved corrosion resistance. Electrochemical corrosion studies were conducted on this alloy under different heat treatment conditions in 0.1 M NaOh solution with the addition of 0-1000 ppm of chloride. The alloy showed excellent passivity in the 0.1 M NaOh solution. The passive potential range typically extended to more than 1.2 VAg/AgCl. The transpassive potential was observed to be dependent on heat treatment condition of the alloy. More than 80 ppm of chloride was required to induce passivity breakdown in any heat treatment condition. Peak aging at 200 ℃ for 16 h imparted better resistance for localized corrosion than other heat-treated con- ditions. The alloy in the as-received condition showed the highest passivation kinetics due to its smaller grain size that possibly increased the diffusion of reactive elements to form protective oxide. The passive film of the EV31A alloy showed n-type semiconductivity with a charge carrier density of - 2 × 10^21 cm^- 3 with no chloride addition. The charge carrier density increased with chloride addition in the electrolyte which could be correlated with the susceptibility to localized corrosion.

关键词： Magnesium alloy Corrosion Passivation Chloride

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The Stress Distribution and Thermal Behavior of TiBN and TiBN TiN Coatings in Milling AISI h13 Work Tool Steel

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Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science) 2005年第1期20卷 1-5页

作者： ShIVPURI raja 闫洪 The Ohio State University(Columbus) Institute of Mechanical-Electrical Engineering Nanchang UniversityNanchang 330029China

The FEM model of TiBN and TiBN/TiN coated cutting tool in milling of h13 steel w as developed. Process variables such as temperature and stress in the coating l ayer as well as in the substrate were analyzed. The efficacy of the present FEM analysis was verified by conducting controlled milling experiments on AISI h13 t o collect the relevant tool life and force *** results show that the stress in a coated tool can significantly be reduced compared to an uncoated cutting t ool,possibly due to surface coatings improving the tribological properties of cu tting *** with good thermal properties also help to improve the therm al behavior of cutting tool.

关键词： TiBN and TiBN/TiN coating AISI h13 work tool stee l milling simulation

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