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An EOQ model with backordering for perishable items under multiple advanced and delayed payments policies

Journal of Management Analytics 2022年第3期9卷 403-434页

作者： Prasanta Kumar Ghosh Amalesh Kumar Manna Jayanta Kumar Dey Samarjit kar Department of Mathematics National Institute of Technology DurgapurDurgapurIndia Department of Mathematics The University of BurdwanBurdwanIndia Department of Mathematics Mahishadal Raj CollegePurba MedinipurIndia Department of Mathematics Y.S.Palpara MahavidyalayaPurba MedinipurIndia

This study investigated an economic order quantity (EOQ) model with completebackorder for fixed lifetime perishable items under multiple advance and delayedpayments policies. Here, a new type of business policy is consideredwhere supplieroffers the retailer to pay a fraction of the purchasing cost before the order deliverybymultiple equal installments starting from the ordering time and the rest amountafter the delivery by multiple equal installments. Here, some theoretical results areillustrated to determine the conditions of existence and uniqueness of the optimalsolutions. A closed form solution is determined to solve the proposed model underapproximation. Some numerical examples are provided to examine the validity ofthe proposed model. Finally, sensitivity analyses are presented to obtain the effectof optimal policy and provide some managerial insights of the model.

关键词： inventory perishable item expiry date advance payment delayed payment

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SGLT-2 inhibitors in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A systematic review

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World Journal of Diabetes 2019年第2期10卷 114-132页

作者： Henith raj Harsh Durgia rajan Palui Sadishkumar Kamalanathan Sandhiya Selvarajan Sitanshu Sekhar kar Jayaprakash Sahoo Department of Endocrinology Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research Puducherry 605006 India Department of Clinical Pharmacology Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research Puducherry 605006 India Department of Preventive and Social Medicine Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research Puducherry 605006 India

BACKGROUND Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)is a common comorbidity with type 2 *** existing therapeutic options for NAFLD are not *** diet and exercise is the cornerstone of therapy in *** is the only drug recommended in diabetes patients with biopsy proven non-alcoholic *** frequent coexistence of NAFLD and type 2 diabetes with their combined adverse health consequences and inadequate therapeutic options makes it necessary to search for newer *** To assess the effect of sodium glucose cotransporter-2(SGLT-2)inhibitors on liver enzymes in type 2 diabetes patients with *** We searched PubMed/MEDLINE,Cochrane library,Google scholar,and *** for the relevant articles to be included in this systematic *** studies done in type 2 diabetes patients with NAFLD treated with SGLT-2 inhibitors for at least 12 wk were *** from eight studies(four randomised controlled trials and four observational studies)were extracted and a narrative synthesis was done.A total of 214 patients were treated with SGLT-2 inhibitors in these studies(94 in randomised controlled trials and 120 in observational studies).RESULTS The primary outcome measure was change in serum alanine aminotransferase *** of eight studies,seven studies showed a significant decrease in serum alanine aminotransferase *** of the studies revealed reduction in serum level of other liver enzymes like aspartate aminotransferase and gamma glutamyl *** studies that reported a change in hepatic fat exhibited a significant reduction in hepatic fat content in those treated with SGLT-2 ***,among the three studies that evaluated a change in indices of hepatic fibrosis,two studies revealed a significant improvement in liver ***,there was an improvement in obesity,insulin resistance,glycaemia,and lipid parameters in those subjects taking SGLT-2 *** st

关键词： Alanine aminotransferase Hepatic fat Hepatic fibrosis Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitor Type 2 diabetes mellitus

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