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Maternal Burnout: Prevalence and Associated Factors in Northern Benin (2023)

Open Journal of Psychiatry 2024年第1期14卷 29-44页

作者： Ireti Nethania Elie Ataigba Guy Gérard Aza Gnandji David sinet Koivogui Owèrè Charlotte Dagan Coovi Ignace Tokpanoude Kwamé Abdias Adoufou Anselme Djidonou francis Tognon Tchegnonsi Prosper Gandaho Institut de Formation en soins Infirmiers et Obstétricaux Faculté de Médecine Université de Parakou Parakou Bénin service de Psychiatrie Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Départemental du Borgou Alibori Parakou Bénin Organisation Non Gouvernementale de soutien Réhabilitation Insertion et Réinsertion (souRIR ONG) Parakou Bénin Faculté des sciences de la santé Université d’Abomey-Calavi Cotonou Bénin service de Psychiatrie Centre National Hospitalier Universitaire Hubert Koutoucou Maga de Cotonou Cotonou Bénin Faculté des sciences et Techniques de la santé Université Gamal Abdel Nasser de Conakry Conakry Guinée

Introduction: Also known as maternal burnout syndrome, maternal burnout is a state of physical, emotional and mental exhaustion generated by prolonged stress in the family environment. It is experienced by women in their role as mothers. Those affected can develop psychological disorders, sleep disturbances, etc., all of which impair their day-to-day lives, and thus their maternal role. The repercussions affect both the child and other family members. Objective: The aim of the present study was to investigate maternal burnout among female users of public and private health facilities in the commune of Parakou in 2023. Methods: Descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2022 to July 2023 among all mothers using public and private health facilities in the commune of Parakou. All healthy mothers with at least one biological or adoptive child fully dependent on them and living at home, who came for a consultation in one of the health facilities or for an appointment at the Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI) and gave their free and informed consent. sampling was done for non-exhaustive convenience were included in the study. Burnout was assessed using the Parental Burnout Assessment (PBA) scale. Results: A total of 888 mothers meeting the inclusion criteria were surveyed. The prevalence of burnout calculated using the Parental Burnout Assessment (PBA) scale was 6.19%. The risk factors for maternal burnout were poor relationships with family and friends (OR = 8.90;p = 0.045), moderate (OR = 11.71;p = 0.020) and severe depression (OR = 40.85;p = 0.001), followed by the presence of repeated nocturnal awakening (OR = 5.14;p = 0.014). Conclusion: This is a subject that is almost never discussed in African society, but whose reality is revealed by the present study, which provided statistical data on maternal burnout. From now on, the risk of burnout will no longer be discussed solely in the family context. It will also need to be explored within the fam

关键词： Burnout Maternal Benin 2023

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No country is an island in regulating food safety:How the WTO monitors Chinese food safety laws through the Trade Policy Review Mechanism(TPRM)

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2015年第11期14卷 2142-2156页

作者： francis snyder Northwest A&F University school of Transnational Law Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School College of Europe

Established within the framework of the World Trade Organization （WTO）, the Trade Policy Review Mechanism （TPRM） reviews periodically the trade policies of all WTO Members. The review includes many aspects of food safety regulation. China＇s trade policy is reviewed every two years. This paper analyses in detail the reviews of China＇s trade policy in 2006, 2008, 2010, 2012 and 2014. It focuses in particular on food safety laws and types of standards, alignment of domestic standards with international standards, the role of different domestic institutions, transparency and notification of food safety measures under the WTO agreements on sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures （sPs） and on Technical Barriers to Trade （TBTAgreement）, import and export, and geographical indications （GIs）. It concludes that the WTO TPRM can contribute, within its mandate, to reform of Chinese food safety laws and improvement of food safety in China. it notes that China has already undertaken substantial reforms of its system for regulating food safety. It recommends that China should continue to participate actively in the TPRM, follow its own path with regard to alignment and learn selectively from other WTO Members.

关键词： food safety food standards public health consumer welfare China Chinese food safety laws World Trade Organization WTO law Trade Policy Review Mechanism (TPRM) sPs Agreement TBT Agreement

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Topological studies of Three-dimensional Flows in a High Pressure Compressor stator Blade Row without and with Boundary Layer Aspiration

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2011年第5期24卷 541-549页

作者： Ankit sACHDEVA francis LEBOEUF Laboratoire de Mécanique des Fluides et d'Acoustique Ecole Centrale de Lyon

This paper presents a numerical study of the flow topologies of three-dimensional （3D） flows in a high pressure compressor stator blade row without and with boundary layer aspiration on the hub wall. The stator blade is representative of the first stage operating under transonic inlet conditions and the blade design encourages development of highly complex 3D flows. The blade has a small tip clearance. The computational fluid dynamics （CFD） studies show progressive increase of hub corner stall with the increase in incidence. Aspiration is implemented on the hub wall via a slot in the comer between the hub wall and the suction surface. The CFD studies show aspiration to be sensitive to the suction flow rate; lower rate leads to very complex flow struc- tures and increased level of losses whereas higher rate renders aspiration effective for control of hub comer separation. The flow topologies are studied by trace of skin friction lines on the walls. The nature of flow can be explained by the topological rules of closed separation. Furthermore, a deeper analysis is done for a particular case with advanced criterion to test the non-degeneracy of critical points in the flow field.

关键词： high pressure compressor flow topologies three-dimensional flows boundary layer aspiration tip clearance

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Modulation of the in vitro Oxidative stress and Erythrocyte Cell Membrane Integrity Using Aqueous, Hydroethanolic and Ethanolic stem-Barks Extracts of Greenwayodendron suaveolens (Engl. & Diels) Verdc

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Pharmacology & Pharmacy 2024年第3期15卷 39-61页

作者： Patrick Hervé Diboue Betote Moustapha Gambo Abdoulaye francis Ngolsou Esther Del Florence Ndedi Moni Adeline sabine Fanta Yadang Fidel Castro Lah Weyepe Gabriel A. Agbor Nga Nnanga Maximilienne Ascension Nyegue Laboratory of Pharmacology and Drugs Discovery Centre for Research on Medicinal Plants and Traditional Medicine Institute of Medical Research and Medicinal Plants Studies Yaoundé Cameroon Laboratory of Microbiology Department of Microbiology Faculty of Science University of Yaoundé I Yaoundé Cameroon Multidisciplinary Laboratory Department of Galenical Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Law Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaoundé I Yaoundé Cameroon Department of Physicochemical and Pharmaceutical sciences Faculty of Health Sciences Abdou Moumouni University Niamey Niger Department of Pharmaceutical and Biological sciences Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Douala Douala Cameroon Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology Centre for Research on Medicinal Plants and Traditional Medicine Institute of Medical Research and Medicinal Plants Studies Yaoundé Cameroon

Pneumonia, a respiratory infection induces acute or chronic inflammation, characterized by increased activity of lymphocytes and neutrophils, thus generating oxygen-free radicals that decrease the endogenous antioxidants defence system. The aim of this experimental study focused on the capacity of nontoxic aqueous, hydroethanolic and ethanolic extracts of Greenwayodendron suaveolens (Engl. & Diels) Verdc. subsp. suaveolens to regulate free reactive species and protein inflammation generated by infectious disease. The phytochemical screenings of G. suaveolens extracts were carried out according to precipitation and colorimetric methods. The total antioxidant and flavonoid contents were determined by the Folin-Ciocalteu and Aluminium Chloride ethanolic methods. The efficiency of G. suaveolens extracts on free radicals was evaluated using DPPHsup>•sup>, ABTssup>+•sup>, and FRAP methods. The anti-inflammatory properties of extracts were evaluated according to in vitro protein (BsA) denaturation, Proteinase Inhibitory Action, and Red Blood Cell Membrane stabilization assays. The G. suaveolens aqueous, hydroethanolic and ethanolic extracts were used for the acute toxicity assessment according to the OECD protocol. The obtained results showed the presence of flavonoids, phenols, polyphenols, tannins, anthocyanins, alkaloids, terpenoids, and sterols as secondary metabolites families in G. suaveolens extracts. The highest contents of total antioxidants and flavonoids were highlighted in the hydroethanolic extract. However, it’s the G. suaveolens aqueous extract that showed the best free radical DPPHsup>•sup> and ABTssup>+•sup> scavenging activities (sCsub>50sub>) of 11.06 μg/mL and 15.16 μg/mL respectively. The highest ferric-reducing activity was found in G. suaveolens ethanolic extract with 866.23 μg EGA/mg of dry weight. The hydroethanolic extract has shown a high anti-inflammatory activity through BsA denaturation and erythrocyte membrane haemolysis with i

关键词： Greenwayodendron suaveolens secondary Metabolites Oxidative stress Antioxidant Activity Anti-Inflammatory Properties and Oral Acute Toxicity

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Evaluation of the gastrointestinal anti-motility effect of Anacardium occidentale stem bark extract:A mechanistic study of antidiarrheal activity

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2021年第6期11卷 776-782页

作者： Blessing O.Omolaso francis s.Oluwole Olugbenga A.Odukanmi Julius K.Adesanwo Ahmed A.Ishola Kayode E.Adewole Department of Physiology Faculty of Basic Medical SciencesUniversity of Medical SciencesOndo City340001Ondo StateNigeria Department of Physiology College of MedicineUniversity of IbadanIbadan200001Nigeria Department of Chemistry Obafemi Awolowo UniversityIle-Ife230001Osun StateNigeria Central Research Laboratories Limited University Road IlorinKwara State240001Nigeria Department of Biochemistry Faculty of Basic Medical SciencesUniversity of Medical Sciences340001Ondo StateNigeria

Diarrhea is a prevalent gastrointestinal problem associated with fatal *** is a huge public health concern that requires better alternatives to current *** study investigated the mechanisms involved in the antidiarrheal activity of Anacardium occidentale(Ao) stem bark extract,a plant commonly used in the management of diarrhea in *** stem bark extract of the plant was partitioned into three fractions:hexane fraction,ethyl acetate fraction(Ao EF) and methanol *** vitro studies on the effect of these fractions on guinea pig ileum(GPI) strips,as well as the modulatory effect of Ao EF on standard agonists-and antagonists-induced GPI contraction and relaxation,revealed Ao EF as the most active *** vivo studies to assess the effect of Ao EF on the dopaminergic,muscarinic,and serotonergic pathways were carried out using gastric emptying(GE) and gastrointestinal transit(GT) as experimental end *** EF was subjected to GC-Ms analysis,while the identified compounds were docked with the muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M3(CHRM3) using Autodock *** indicated that Ao EF inhibited GE and GT via inhibition of *** addition,GC-Ms analysis revealed the presence of 24 compounds in Ao EF,while docking indicated that octadecanoic acid 2-(2-hydroxylethoxy)ethyl ester exhibited the highest binding affinity to *** study indicated that the antidiarrheal activity of Ao is through its antimotility effect via the inhibition of the muscarinic *** since none of the identified compounds exhibited higher binding affinity to CHRM3 relative to loperamide,the antimotility activity of these phytoconstituents may be via synergism.

关键词： Anacardium occidentale Antidiarrheal Muscarinic receptor Gastric emptying Gut motility GC-Ms analysis

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Review of minimally invasive pancreas surgery and opinion on its incorporation into low volume and resource poor centres

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal surgery 2021年第10期13卷 1122-1135页

作者： shamir O Cawich Michael D Kluger Wesley francis rahul R Deshpande Fawwaz Mohammed Kimon O Bonadie Dexter A Thomas Neil W Pearce Beth A schrope Clinical surgical sciences University of the West IndiesTunapuna 331333Trinidad and Tobago Department of surgery New York Presbyterian Hospital/Columbia University Medical CenterNew YorkNY 10032United States Department of surgery University of the West IndiesNassau N-1184Bahamas Department of surgery Manchester Royal InfirmaryManchester M139WLUnited Kingdom Department of Clinical surgical sciences University of the West IndiesTunapuna 331333Trinidad and Tobago Department of surgery Health Service AuthorityGeorgetown 915 GTCayman Islands Department of surgery Southampton General HospitalSouthampton SO166YDUnited Kingdom Department of surgery Columbia University College of Physicians and SurgeonsNew YorkNY 10032United States

Pancreatic surgery has been one of the last areas for the application of minimally invasive surgery(MIs)because there are many factors that make laparoscopic pancreas resections *** concept of service centralization has also limited expertise to a small cadre of high-volume centres in resource rich ***,this is not the environment that many surgeons in developing countries work *** patients often do not have the opportunity to travel to high volume centres for ***,we sought to review the existing data on MIs for the pancreas and to *** this paper,we review the evolution of MIs on the pancreas and discuss the incorporation of this service into low-volume and resource-poor countries,such as those in the *** paper has two ***,we performed a literature review evaluating all studies published on laparoscopic and robotic surgery of the *** data in the Caribbean is examined and we discuss tips for incorporating this operation into resource poor hospital *** pancreatic case volume in the Caribbean,and financial barriers to MIs in general,laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy,enucleation and cystogastrostomy are feasible operations to integrate in to a resource-limited healthcare *** is because they can be performed with minimal to no consumables and require an intermediate MIs skillset to complement an open pancreatic surgeon’s peri-operative experience.

关键词： Pancreas surgery Laparoscopic Minimally invasive Pancreatectomy Whipple’s Pancreaticoduidenectomy

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Metamodeling and multicriteria analysis for sustainable and passive residential building refurbishment: A case study of French housing stock

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Building simulation 2022年第3期15卷 453-472页

作者： Zaid Romani Abdeslam Draoui francis Allard LaRAT National School of Architecture of TetouanMorocco Team of Heat Transfer&Energetic FsT of Tangier(UAE/U10FsT) Abdelmalek Essaâdi UniversityMorocco LasIE La Rochelle UniversityFrance

For the energy-related issues that the world is facing nowadays,the renovation of the building stock is one of the major *** objective of this study is to present an approach that helps to develop a multi-criteria decision support tool dedicated to the rehabilitation of sustainable and passive energy housing by integrating heating energy needs,economic,social and environmental criteria throughout the life cycle stages of the *** methodology consists of developing metamodels to predict heating energy needs from polynomial regression,design of experiments method and thermo-aeraulic simulations of building *** metamodel is used to carry out a combinatorial study of real technical *** methodology was applied to a real-life existing building located in La Rochelle city(France)based on an in-situ energy *** multicriteria analysis methods were studied and compared:weighted sum,Min-Max and Pareto ***,technical constraints as well as owner preferences and performance constraints have been *** technical solutions have been obtained in order to meet the various criteria *** addition,window shading and natural ventilation have been proposed to reduce the thermal discomfort rate in *** study was extended to all French ***,this method can be transformed into a decision support tool which will be useful for architects,engineers and stockholders.

关键词： metamodeling building refurbishment multi-criteria decision support sustainable building passive building

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Determinants of sexual Activity among HIV-Infected Adolescents in Cameroon

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第5期14卷 921-936页

作者： Calixte Ida Penda Rachel Fotso Yogue Nelly Noubi Kamgaing sena Mouna Penda Loïc Boupda francis Atéba Ndongo Christian Eyoum Ritha Mbono Betoko Grace Dalle Ngondi Patricia Epee Eboumbou francisca Monebenimp Essome Henri Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical sciences University of Douala Douala Cameroon General Hospital of Douala Douala Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical sciences University of Yaound 1 Yaound Cameroon University Hospital Centre of Yaound Yaound Cameroon Mokolo Regional Hospital Annex Mokolo Cameroon University of Garoua Garoua Cameroon Mother and Child Centre of the Chantal Biya Foundation in Yaound Yaound Cameroon Douala Laquintinie Hospital Douala Cameroon District Hospital of Bonassama Douala Cameroon

Introduction: Adolescence is a period of transition to adulthood, including for HIV-infected adolescents (HIA), when sexual problems emerge. Few studies have been carried out on the sexuality of HIA. This study aimed to assess the sexual behavior of HIV-infected adolescents in Cameroon. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted in three hospitals in the cities of Yaoundé and Douala, from November 2019 to June 2020. All HIA aged 13 to 19 years followed in the study who knew their HIV status were included in the study after obtaining their assent and their parent’s consent. socio-demographic and clinical characteristics were collected, as well as sexual practices and the determinants of their sexual activity. A multivariate analysis was performed to explore the relationship between the different variables studied and the sexual activity of these adolescents. Results: Of 204 HIA enrolled in the study, 64 (31.7%) were sexually active, the mean age at first sexual intercourse was 15.6 ± 2.8 years and the sex ratio was 0.94. Of the adolescents in the study, 75.7% of girls and 61.2% of boys had regular sexual activity, while 21.3% of girls and 35.4% of boys had multiple sexual relationships in the six months preceding the study. Nearly 16 (25.0%) of the sexually active HIA had more than 2 sexual encounters per month, 6 (9.3%) of these encounters had been paid for and 9 (27.2%) of the girls had already had at least one pregnancy. More than 7 out of 10 HIA (79.6%) had used a condom the last time they had sex. Age less than 18 years [OR = 11.1 (95% CI: 3.1 - 39.4), p = 0.001], lack of remuneration [OR = 9.8 (95% CI: 2.0 - 47.4), p = 0.001] and self-care were significantly associated with sexual activity in HIA, while school attendance was a protective factor. self-funded HIAs were 21 times more likely to be sexually active [OR = 21.6 (95% CI: 2.3 - 179), p = 0.004]. Conclusion: More than a third of HIV-infected adolescents were sexually active and risky sexual practi

关键词： HIV Adolescent sexual Behavior Cameroon

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Detection of Different stages of Alzheimer’s Disease Using CNN Classifier

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第9期76卷 3933-3948页

作者： s M Hasan Mahmud Md Mamun Ali Mohammad Fahim shahriar Fahad Ahmed Al-Zahrani Kawsar Ahmed Dip Nandi francis M.Bui Department of Computer science American International University-Bangladesh(AIUB)Dhaka1229Bangladesh Centre for Advanced Machine Learning and Applications(CAMLAs) DhakaBangladesh Department of software Engineering Daffodil International UniversityDhakaBangladesh Department of Computer Engineering Umm Al-Qura UniversityMecca24381Saudi Arabia Department of ECE University of SaskatchewanSaskatoonSK S7N5A9Canada Group of Biophotomatiχ Department of ICTMBSTUSantoshTangail1902Bangladesh

Alzheimer’s disease(AD)is a neurodevelopmental impairment that results in a person’s behavior,thinking,and memory *** common symptoms ofADare losingmemory and early *** addition to these,there are several serious impacts ***,the impact ofADcanbemitigatedby early-stagedetection though it cannot be cured ***-stage detection is the most challenging task for controlling and mitigating the impact of *** study proposes a predictive model to detect AD in the initial phase based on machine learning and a deep learning approach to address the *** build a predictive model,open-source data was collected where five stages of images of AD were available as Cognitive Normal(CN),Early Mild Cognitive Impairment(EMCI),Mild Cognitive Impairment(MCI),Late Mild Cognitive Impairment(LMCI),and *** stage of AD is considered as a class,and then the dataset was divided into three parts binary class,three class,and five *** this research,we applied different preprocessing steps with augmentation techniques to efficiently *** integrates a random oversampling technique to handle the imbalance problem from target classes,mitigating the model overfitting and *** three machine learning classifiers,such as random forest(RF),K-Nearest neighbor(KNN),and support vector machine(sVM),and two deep learning methods,such as convolutional neuronal network(CNN)and artificial neural network(ANN)were applied on these *** analyzing the performance of the used models and the datasets,it is found that CNN with binary class outperformed 88.20%*** result of the study indicates that the model is highly potential to detect AD in the initial phase.

关键词： Alzheimer’s disease early detection convolutional neural network data augmentation random oversampling machine learning

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Prospective study of Centurion~？ versus Infiniti~？ phacoemulsification systems： surgical and visual outcomes

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2017年第11期10卷 1698-1702页

作者： Lawrence J.Oh Chu Luan Nguyen Eugene Wong samuel s.Y.Wang Ian C.francis University of New south Wales Sydney 2000 Australia Department of Ophthalmology Prince of Wales Hospital Sydney 2031 Australia Chatswood Private Hospital Chatswood Sydney 2067 Australia

AIM： To evaluate surgical outcomes（sOs） and visual outcomes（VOs） in cataract surgery comparing the Centurion？ phacoemulsification system（CPs） with the Infiniti？ phacoemulsification system（IPs）.METHODs： Prospective, consecutive study in a singlesite private practice. Totally 412 patients undergoing cataract surgery with either the CPs using the 30-degree balanced？ tip（n=207） or the IPs using the 30-degree Kelman？ tip（n=205）. Intraoperative and postoperative outcomes were documented prospectively up to one month follow-up. Nuclear sclerosis（Ns） grade, cumulated dissipated energy（CDE）, preoperative corrected distance visual acuity（CDVA）, and CDVA at one month were recorded. REsULTs： CDE was 13.50% less in the whole CPs compared with the whole IPs subcohort. In eyes with Ns grade III or greater, CDE was 28.87% less with CPs（n=70） compared with IPs（n=44）（P=0.010）. surgical complications were not statistically different between the two subcohorts（P=0.083）, but in the one case of vitreous loss using the CPs, CDVA of 6/4 was achieved at one month. The mean CDVAs（VOs） at one month for Ns grade III and above cataracts were-0.17 log MAR（6/4.5） in the CPs and-0.15 log MAR（6/4.5） in the IPs subcohort respectively（P=0.033）.CONCLUsION： CDE is 28.87% less, and VOs are significantly improved, in denser cataracts in the CPs compared with the IPs. The authors recommend the CPs for cases with denser nuclei.

关键词： phacoemulsification Infiniti Centurion cumulated dissipated energy visual and surgical outcomes

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