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Higher Grain-Filling Rate in Inferior Spikelets of Tolerant Rice Genotype Offset Grain Yield Loss under Post-Anthesis High Night Temperatures

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Rice science 2024年第5期31卷 572-586,I0059-I0061页

作者： Nitin SHARMA Bhupinder singh Subbaiyan Gopala KRISHNAN Haritha BOLLINEdI Pranab Kumar MANdAL Milan Kumar LAL Prakash Kumar JHA P.v.vara PRASAd Anjali ANANd d.vision of Plant Physiology Indian Council of Agricultural Research(ICAR)-Indian Agricultural Research Institute(IARI)New Delhi 110012India d.vision of Environment Science ICAR-IARINew Delhi 110012India d.vision of Genetics ICAR-IARINew Delhi 110012India ICAR-National Institute for Plant Biotechnology New Delhi 110012India d.vision of Crop Physiology and Biochemistry ICAR-National Rice Research InstituteCuttack 753006India department of Plant and Soil Sciences Mississippi State UniversityStarkvilleMS 39762USA Feed the Future Innovation Lab for Collaborative Research on Sustainable Intensification Kansas State UniversityManhattanKS 66506USA department of Agronomy Kansas State UniversityManhattanKS 66506USA

Increased nighttime respiratory losses decrease the amount of photoassimilates available for plant growth and yield. We hypothesized that the increased respiratory carbon loss under high night temperatures(HNT) could be compensated for by increased photosynthesis during the day following HNT exposure. Two rice genotypes, vandana(HNT-sensitive) and Nagina 22(HNT-tolerant), were exposed to HNT(4 ℃ above the control) from flowering to physiological maturity. They were assessed for alterations in the carbon balance of the source(flag leaf) and its subsequent impact on grain filling dynamics and the quality of spatially differentiated sinks(superior and inferior spikelets). Both genotypes exhibited significantly higher night respiration rates. However, only Nagina 22 compensated for the high respiration rates with an increased photosynthetic rate, resulting in a steady production of total dry matter under HNT. Nagina 22 also recorded a higher grain-filling rate, particularly at 5 and 10 d after flowering, with 1.5- and 4.0-fold increases in the translocation of ^(14)C sugars to the superior and inferior spikelets, respectively. The ratio of photosynthetic rate to respiratory rate on a leaf area basis was negatively correlated with spikelet sterility, resulting in a higher filled spikelet number and grain weight per plant, particularly for inferior grains in Nagina 22. Grain quality parameters such as head rice recovery, high-density grains, and gelatinization temperature were maintained in Nagina 22. An increase in the rheological properties of rice flour starch in Nagina 22 under HNT indicated the stability of starch and its ability to reorganize during the cooling process of product formation. Thus, our study showed that sink adjustments between superior and inferior spikelets favored the growth of inferior spikelets, which helped to offset the reduction in grain weight under HNT in the tolerant genotype Nagina 22.

关键词： high night temperature inferior grain pasting property radiolabeled sugar superior grain

Metrology for sub-Rayleigh-length target positioning in~10^(22)W/cm^(2)laser-plasma experiments

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2024年第3期12卷 90-105页

作者： E.A.vishnyakov A.Sagisaka K.Ogura T.Zh.Esirkepov B.Gonzalez-Izquierdo C.d.Armstrong T.A.Pikuz S.A.Pikuz W.Yan T.M.Jeong S.singh P.Hadjisolomou O.Finke G.M.Grittani M.Nevrkla C.M.Lazzarini A.velyhan T.Hayakawa Y.Fukuda J.K.Koga M.Ishino K.Kondo Y.Miyasaka A.Kon M.Nishikino Y.v.Nosach d.Khikhlukha I.P.Tsygvintsev d.Kumar J.Nejdl d.Margarone P.v.Sasorov S.Weber M.Kando H.Kiriyama Y.Kato G.Korn K.Kondo S.v.Bulanov T.Kawachi A.S.Pirozhkov ELI Beamlines Facility The Extreme Light Infrastructure ERICDolníBrežanyCzech Republic Kansai Institute for Photon Science(KPSI) QSTKyotoJapan Central Laser Facility Rutherford Appleton LaboratorySTFCHarwell OxfordDidcotUK Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives Osaka UniversityOsakaJapan HB11 Energy Holdings FreshwaterAustralia Key Laboratory for Laser Plasmas(Ministry of Education) School of Physics and AstronomyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina Collaborative Innovation Center of IFSA Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina Institute of Plasma Physics ASCR PragueCzech Republic FZU-Institute of Physics ASCR PragueCzech Republic Czech Technical University in Prague FNSPEPragueCzech Republic Institute of Laser Engineering Osaka UniversityOsakaJapan Institute of Physics National Academy of Sciences of UkraineKyivUkraine ISTEQ AR YerevanArmenia

Tight focusing with very small f-numbers is necessary to achieve the highest at-focus ***,tight focusing imposes strong demands on precise target positioning in-focus to achieve the highest on-target irradiance We describe several near-infrared.visible,ultraviolet and soft and hard X-ray diagnostics employed in a~10^(22)W/cm^(2)laser±plasma *** used nearly 10 J total energy femtosecond laser pulses focused into an approximately1.3-μm focal spot on 5±20μm thick stainless-steel *** discuss the applicability of these diagnostics to determine the best in-focus target position with approximately 5μm accuracy(i.e.,around half of the short Rayleigh length)and show that several diagnostics(in particular,3ωreflection and on-axis hard X-rays)can ensure this *** demonstrated target positioning within several micrometers from the focus,ensuring over 80%of the ideal peak laser intensity *** approach is relatively fast(it requires 10±20 laser shots)and does not rely on the coincidence of low-power and high-power focal planes.

关键词： laser-plasma interaction precise target positioning spectroscopy ultra-high intensity X-rays

Systematic review with expert consensus on use of extracorporeal hemoadsorption in septic shock:An Indian perspective

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World Journal of Critical Care Medicine 2024年第1期13卷 65-75页

作者： Yatin Mehta Abdul Samad Ansari Amit Kumar Mandal dipanjan Chatterjee Gauri Shankar Sharma Prachee Sathe Purvesh v Umraniya Rajib Paul Sachin Gupta vinod singh Yogendra Pal singh Institute of Critical Care and Anesthesiology Medanta The MedicityGurgaon 122001HaryanaIndia department of Critical Care Nanavati Max Super Specialty HospitalMumbai 400065India department of Pulmonology Sleep and Critical CareFortis HospitalMohaliPunjabMohali 160062PunjabIndia department of Cardio-Puimonary Critical Care Medica Superspecialty HospitalKolkata 700099India department of Critical Care Medicine Fortis HospitalNew Delhi 110070India department of Critical Care Medicine D.Y.Patil Medical CollegeSant Tukaram NagarPimpri ColonyPimpri-ChinchwadPune 411018India department of Critical Care Medicine Bhailal Amin General HospitalVadodara 390003GujaratIndia department of Internal Medicine Apollo HospitalsJubilee HillsHyderabad 500033India department of Anaesthesiology Narayana Superspeciality HospitalGurugram 122002India department of Critical Care Medicine Institute of Critical Care MedicineHospital Name-Sir Ganga Ram HospitalNew Delhi 110001India department of Critical Care Medicine Max Super Speciality HospitalDelhi 110092India

BACKGROUNd Septic shock is a severe form of sepsis characterised by deterioration in circulatory and cellular-metabolic *** standard therapy,the outcomes are *** adjuvant therapy,such as CytoSorb®extracorporeal haemoadsorption d.vice,has been investigated and shown promising ***,there is a lack of some guidance to make clinical decisions on the use of CytoSorb®haemoadsorption as an adjuvant therapy in septic shock in Indian ***,this expert consensus was *** To formulate/establish specific consensus statements on the use of CytoSorb®haemoadsorption treatment based on the best available evidence and contextualised to the Indian *** We performed a comprehensive literature on CytoSorb®haemoadsorption in sepsis,septic shock in PubMed selecting papers published between January 2011 and March 20232021 in English *** statements for a consensus document were d.veloped based on the summarised literature analysis and identification of knowledge *** a modified delphi approach combining evidence appraisal and expert opinion,the following topics related to CytoSorb®in septic shock were addressed:need for adjuvant therapy,initiation timeline,need for Interleukin-6 levels,duration of therapy,change of adsorbers,safety,prerequisite condition,efficacy endpoints and management *** expert members from critical care,emergency medicine,and the intensive care participated and.voted on nine statements and one open-ended *** Eleven expert members from critical care,emergency medicine,and the intensive care participated and.voted on nine statements and one open-ended *** 11 experts in the consensus group(100%)participated in the first,second and third round of *** three iterative voting rounds and adapting two statements,consensus was achieved on nine statements out of nine *** consensus expert panel also recognised the necessity to form an associatio

关键词： Consensus CytoSorb Cytokine Hemoadsorption Refractory Sepsis Septic shock

Influence of cerium ions on structure-dependent magnetic properties of Ba-Sr M-type hexaferrite nanocrystals

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第2期42卷 364-372,I0005页

作者： Ram A.Pawar Sunil M.Patange P.M.dighe Sher singh Meena Abdullah GAl-Sehemi Mehboobali Pannipara Santosh S.Jadhav department of Physics ArtsCommerce and Science CollegeAhmednagar413711MaharashtraIndia department of Physics Shri Krishna MahavidyalayaGunjotiDistOsmanabad413606MaharashtraIndia Padmashri vikhe Patil College of Arts Science and CommercePravaranagarA/P.Loni(Kd)Tal.RahataDistAhmednagar413713MaharashtraIndia Solid State Physics d.vision Bhabha Atomic Research CentreMumbai400085MaharashtraIndia department of Chemistry King Khalid UniversityAbha61413Saudi Arabia department of Physics D.S.M's ArtsCommerce and Science CollegeJintur431509MaharashtraIndia

The present study is a systematic effort to investigate the structure-sensitive magnetic parameters of Ce^(3+) substituted Ba-Sr hexaferrite nanocrystals chemically formulated as Ba_(0.5)Sr_(0.5)Ce_(x)Fe_(12-x)O_(19) where x=0.0-0.2 with Δx=*** hexaferrite powders were prepared using the sol-gel self-ignition route and structurally characterized by means of powder X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared *** creation of the M-type hexaferrite phase within the synthesized samples was revealed from the Rietveld refinement of the X-ray *** occurrence of a secondary phase of CeO_(2) was revealed within the hexaferrites for the substitution,x> *** refined X-ray diffraction data were utilized to compute the lattice parameters,X-ray density,and lattice parameter *** crystal structure plotted from the refined XRd data reveals the occupancy of the ions at different lattice *** XPS data of the hexaferrite were analyzed to confirm the oxidation states of the constituent *** nanocrystalline nature of the hexaferrites was revealed from the crystallite sizes calculated using Scherer's *** analysis of FTIR spectra confirms that only a fraction of Ce^(3+)accommodated in the lattice and the remaining Ce content reside in the form of the CeO_(2) *** morphology of the hexaferrites was analyzed from the FESEM profiles of the ferrite *** magnetic behavior study was performed by analyzing the Curie temperature,hysteresis loops,and hyperfine interactions by means of susceptibility,v.S.M,and Mossbauer spectroscopy,*** hexaferrites with increasing coercivity,decreasing saturation magnetization,and decreasing Curie temperature are reported in the *** substituted Ce^(3+)ions inhibit the grain growth and create lattice imperfections giving rise to hexaferrites with tuned magnetic parameters suitable for different applications.

关键词： Ba-Sr hexaferrite Ce^(3+)substitution XPS Saturation magnetization Coercivity M?ssbauer spectroscopy

EXECUTER2 modulates the EXECUTER1 signalosome through its singlet oxygen-dependent oxidation

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Molecular Plant 2022年第3期15卷 438-453页

作者： vivek dogra rahul Mohan singh Mengping Li Mingyue Li Somesh singh Chanhong Kim Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200032China University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Present address:Biotechnology d.vision CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource TechnologyPalampur 176061India

Oxidative post-translational modifications of specific chloroplast proteins contribute to the initiation of retrograde *** Arabidopsis thaliana EXECUTER1(EX1)protein,a chloroplast-localized singlet oxygen(^(1)O_(2))sensor,undergoes tryptophan(Trp)643 oxidation by^(1)O_(2),a chloroplast-derived and light-dependent reactive oxygen *** indole side chain of Trp is vulnerable to^(1)O_(2),leading to the generation of oxidized Trp variants and priming EX1 for degradation by a membrane-bound FtsH *** perception of^(1)O_(2)via Trp643 oxidation and subsequent EX1 proteolysis facilitate chloroplast-to-nucleus retrograde *** this study,we discovered that the EX1-like protein EX2 also undergoes^(1)O_(2)-dependent Trp530 oxidation and FtsH-dependent turnover,which attenuates^(1)O_(2)signaling by decelerating EX1-Trp643 oxidation and subsequent EX1 *** with this finding,the loss of EX2 function reinforces EX1-dependent retrograde signaling by accelerating EX1-Trp643 oxidation and subsequent EX1 proteolysis,whereas overexpression of EX2 produces molecular phenotypes opposite to those observed in the loss-of-function mutants of ***,phylogenetic analysis suggests that EX2 may have emerged evolutionarily to attenuate the sensitivity of EX1 toward^(1)O_(2).Collectively,these results suggest that EX2 functions as a negative regulator of the EX1 signalosome through its own^(1)O_(2)-dependent oxidation,providing a new mechanistic insight into the regulation of EX1-mediated^(1)O_(2)signaling.

关键词： EXECUTER1 EXECUTER2 singlet oxygen retrograde signaling Trp oxidation FtsH protease

Atomic dispersed Hetero‑Pairs for Enhanced Electrocatalytic CO_(2)Reduction

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第1期16卷 55-67页

作者： Zhaoyong Jin Meiqi Yang Yilong dong Xingcheng Ma Ying Wang Jiandong Wu Jinchang Fan dewen Wang Rongshen Xi Xiao Zhao Tianyi Xu Jingxiang Zhao Lei Zhang d.vid J.singh Weitao Zheng Xiaoqiang Cui State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control School of Materials Science and EngineeringKey Laboratory of Automobile Materials of MOEElectron Microscopy CenterJilin UniversityChangchun 130012People’s Republic of China Key Laboratory of Photonic and Electronic Bandgap Materials Ministry of Educationand College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHarbin Normal UniversityHarbin 150025People’s Republic of China College of Chemistry Jilin UniversityChangchun 130012People’s Republic of China department of Physics and Astronomy and department of Chemistry University of MissouriColumbiaMO 65211USA

Electrochemical carbon dioxide reduction reaction(CO_(2)RR)involves a variety of intermediates with highly correlated reaction and ad-desorption energies,hindering optimization of the catalytic *** example,increasing the binding of the*COOH to the active site will generally increase the*CO desorption *** this relationship may be expected to dramatically improve the intrinsic activity of CO_(2)RR,but remains an unsolved ***,we addressed this conundrum by constructing a unique atomic dispersed hetero-pair consisting of Mo-Fe di-atoms anchored on N-doped carbon *** system shows an unprecedented CO_(2)RR intrinsic activity with TOF of 3336 h−1,high selectivity toward CO production,Faradaic efficiency of 95.96%at−0.60 v and excellent *** calculations show that the Mo-Fe diatomic sites increased the*COOH intermediate adsorption energy by bridging adsorption of*COOH *** the same time,d-d orbital coupling in the Mo-Fe di-atom results in electron delocalization and facilitates desorption of*CO ***,the undesirable correlation between these steps is *** work provides a promising approach,specifically the use of di-atoms,for breaking unfavorable relationships based on understanding of the catalytic mechanisms at the atomic scale.

关键词： CO_(2)reduction reaction Atomic dispersed catalyst Hetero-diatomic pair Ad-desorption energy Linear scaling relation

Synthesis and electroluminescence characterization of a new aluminum complex, [8- hydroxyquinoline] bis [2, 2＇bipyridine] aluminum Al(Bpy)2q

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Journal of Semiconductors 2016年第1期37卷 11-15页

作者： rahul Kumar Ritu Srivastava Punita singh Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Mumbai 400076 India National Physical Laboratory New Delhi 110022 India

We have synthesized and characterized a new electroluminescent material, [8-hydroxyquinoline] bis[2,2＇bipyridine] aluminum. A solution of this material Al（Bpy）2q in toluene showed absorption maxima at 380 nm,which was attributed to the moderate energy（ π–π＊） transitions of the aromatic rings. The photoluminescence spectrum of Al（Bpy）_2q in the toluene solution showed a peak at 518 nm. This material shows thermal stability up to300 ℃. The structure of the d.vice is ITO/F4-TCNQ（1 nm）/α-NPd（35 nm）/Al（Bpy）2q（35 nm）/ BCP（6 nm）/Alq3（28 nm）/Li F（1 nm）/Al（150 nm）. This d.vice exhibited a luminescence peak at 515 nm（CIE coordinates, xd0.32,yd0.49）. The maximum luminescence of the d.vice was 214 cd/m^2 at 21 v. The maximum current efficiency of OLEd was 0.12 cd/A at 13 v and the maximum power efficiency was 0.03 lm/W at 10 v.

关键词： organometallic compounds chemical synthesis vapour deposition photoluminescence spectroscopy electrical properties luminescence

d.velopment of a drill energy utilization index for aiding selection of drill machines in surface mines

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2017年第3期27卷 393-399页

作者： Kumar Suraj rahul Talreja Murthy v.M.S.R. department of Mining Engineering Indian School of Mines Dhanbad India

drill machines used in surface mines, particularly in coal, is characterized by a very poor utilization （around 40%） and low availability （around 60%）. The main purpose of this study is to d.velop a drill selec- tion methodology and simultaneously a performance evaluation technique based on drill cuttings produced and drilling rate achieved. In all 28 blast drilled through were investigated. The drilling was accomplished by 5 different drill machines of Ingersoll-Rand and Revathi working in coal mines of Sonepur Bazari （SECL） and Block-II （BCCL）. The drills are Rotary and Rotary Percussive type using tri- cone rock roller bits. drill cuttings were collected and sieve analysis was done in the laboratory. Using Rosin Ramler diagram, coarseness index （CI）, mean chip size （d）, specific-st trace area （SSA） and charac- teristic particle size distribution curves for all the holes drilled were plotted. The predictor equation for drill penetration rate established through multiple regressions was found to have a very good correlation with an index of determination of 0.85. A comparative analysis of particle size distribution curves was used to evaluate the drill efficiency. The suggested approach utilises the area under the curve, after the point of trend reversal and brittleness ratio of the respective bench to arrive at drill energy utilization index （dEUI）, for mapping of drill machine to bench, The d.veloped dEU1 can aid in selecting or mapping a right machine to right bench for achieving higher penetration rate and utilizations.

关键词： drill cutting parameter Coarseness index Mean chip size Specific surface area Particle size distribution curves drill energy ptilization index

Microstructure and mechanical properties of friction welded carbon steel(EN24) and nickel-based superalloy(IN718)

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2021年第1期28卷 111-119页

作者： v.T.Gaikwad M.K.Mishra v.d.Hiwarkar R.K.P.singh Kalyani Centre for Technology and Innovation Bharat Forge LimitedPune 411036India department of Materials Engineering Defense Institute of Advance TechnologyPune 411025India

Continuous-drive rotary friction welding was performed to join cylindrical specimens of carbon steel(EN24) and nickel-based superalloy(IN718), and the microstructures of three distinct weld zones—the weld interface(WI)/thermo-mechanically affected zone(TMAZ),the heat-affected zone(HAZ), and the base metal—were *** joint was observed to be free of defects but featured uneven flash *** backscatter diffraction(EBSd) analysis showed substantial changes in high-angle grain boundaries, low-angle grain boundaries, and twin boundaries in the TMAZ and ***, significant refinement in grain size(2 –5 μm) was observed at the WI/TMAZ with reference to the base *** possible causes of these are *** microhardness profile across the welded joint shows variation in *** changes in hardness are ascribed to grain refinement, phase transformation, and the dissolution of strengthening *** tensile test results reveal that a joint efficiency of 100% can be achieved using this method.

关键词： friction welding dissimilar metals EN24 IN718 microstructure mechanical properties