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Induction of the AOX1D Isoform of Alternative Oxidase in A. thaliana T-DNA Insertion Lines Lacking Isoform AOX1A Is Insufficient to Optimize Photosynthesis when Treated with Antimycin A

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Molecular Plant 2009年第2期2卷 284-297页

作者： Inga Strodtkotter Kollipara Padmasree Challabathula Dinakar Birgit Speth Pamela S. Niazi Joanna Wojtera Ingo Voss Phuc Thi Do Adriano Nunes-Nesi Alisdair R. Fernie Vera Linke Agepati S. raghavendra Renate Scheibe Department of Plant Physiology FBS University of Osnabrueck 49069 Osnabrueck Germany Department of Plant Sciences School of Life Sciences University of Hyderabad Hyderabad 500 046 India Max Planck Institute for Molecular Plant Physiology Am Muhlenberg-1 14476 Potsdam-Golm Germany

Plant respiration is characterized by two pathways for electron transfer to O2, namely the cytochrome pathway （CP） that is linked to ATP production, and the alternative pathway （AP）, where electrons from ubiquinol are directly transferred to O2 via an alternative oxidase （AOX） without concomitant ATP production. This latter pathway is well suited to dispose of excess electrons in the light, leading to optimized photosynthetic performance. We have characterized T- DNA-insertion mutant lines of Arabidopsis thaliana that do not express the major isoform, AOXIA. In standard growth conditions, these plants did not show any phenotype, but restriction of electron flow through CP by antimycin A, which induces AOXIA expression in the wild-type, led to an increased expression of AOXID in leaves of the aoxla-knockout mutant. Despite the increased presence of the AOX1D isoform in the mutant, antimycin A caused inhibition of photosyn- thesis, increased ROS, and ultimately resulted in amplified membrane leakage and necrosis when compared to the wild- type, which was only marginally affected by the inhibitor. It thus appears that AOX1 D was unable to fully compensate for the loss of AOXIA when electron flow via the CP is restricted. A combination of inhibition studies, coupled to metabolite profiling and targeted expression analysis of the P-protein of glycine decarboxylase complex （GDC）, suggests that the aoxla mutants attempt to increase their capacity for photorespiration. However, given their deficiency, it is intriguing that increase in expression neither of AOX1D nor of GDC could fully compensate for the lack of AOXIA to optimize pho- tosynthesis when treated with antimycin A. We suggest that the aoxla mutants can further be used to substantiate the current models concerning the influence of mitochondrial redox on photosynthetic performance and gene expression.

关键词： abiotic/environmental stress acclimation--physiological alternative electron transport photorespiration photosynthesis mitochondria T-DNA insertion line.

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Biobenefication of Oxide Minerals from <i>Bacillus subtilis</i>Using FTIR and MALDI-TOF Techniques

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2017年第2期8卷 194-205页

作者： H. Sarvamangala Vinay B. raghavendra S. T. Girisha Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology Bangalore University Bengaluru India Teresian Research Center Siddarthanagar Mysore India

Biobeneficiation processes involving the separation of valuable minerals from ores and materials using conventional flotation and flocculation methods have been shown to be promising in recent years. There is an enormous potential to utilize microorganisms as flocculating agents, flotation collectors and/or depressants. The study involves Biobeneficiation of oxide minerals using Bacillus subtilis. Characterization of minerals (hematite, corundum, calcite and quartz) was carried out through XRD, EDAX and FTIR techniques. FTIR of minerals before and after interaction with cells, cell free extract and extracellular proteins was carried out and it has been found that there is a shift or change in the peaks of functional groups. In presence of protein adsorption, amide peaks were found and in case of polysaccharide adsorption, carboxyl peaks were found which justify the flotation and flocculation results. MALDI-TOF was carried out to confirm the molecular weights of the extracted proteins and it was found that molecular weight of proteins on interaction with minerals was higher than that of uninteracted minerals.

关键词： Biobeneficiation FTIR MALDI-TOF Bacillus subtilis Oxide Minerals

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Contribution of plasma membrane Ca^(2+) ATPase to cerebellar synapse function

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World Journal of Biological Chemistry 2010年第5期1卷 95-102页

作者： Helena Huang raghavendra Y Nagaraja Molly L Garside Walther Akemann Thomas Knpfel Ruth M Empson Department of Physiology Brain Health and Repair Research CentreUniversity of Otago School of Biological Sciences Royal Holloway University of London Laboratory for Neuronal Circuit Dynamics RIKEN Brain Science Institute

The cerebellum expresses one of the highest levels of the plasma membrane Ca2+ATPase,isoform 2 in the mammalian *** highly efficient plasma membrane calcium transporter protein is enriched within the main output neurons of the cerebellar cortex;i.e. the Purkinje neurons(PNs) .Here we review recent evidence,including electrophysiological and calcium imaging approaches using the plasma membrane calcium ATPase 2(PMCA2) knockout mouse,to show that PMCA2 is critical for the physiological control of calcium at cerebellar synapses and cerebellar dependent *** studies have also revealed that deletionof PMCA2 throughout cerebellar development in the PMCA2 knockout mouse leads to permanent signalling and morphological alterations in the PN dendrites. Whilst these findings highlight the importance of PMCA2 during cerebellar synapse function and development,they also reveal some limitations in the use of the PMCA2 knockout mouse and the need for additional experimental approaches including cell-specific and reversible manipulation of PMCAs.

关键词： Plasma membrane Ca2+ ATPase Cerebellum Calcium Purkinje neuron

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Synthesis and characterization of organomodified Na-MMT using cation and anion surfactants

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中国化学前沿:英文版 2011年第2期6卷 153-158页

作者： K.R.Vishnu MAHESH H.N.Narasimha MURTHY B.E.KUMARASWAMY N.raghavendra R.SRIDHAR M.KRISHNA Niranjan PATTAR Ratna PAL B.S.Sherigara Department of P.G Studies and Research in Industrial Chemistry Kuvempu UniversityShankaraghattaShimoga 577451India Department of Mechanical Engineering R V College of EngineeringBangalore 560059India

The Sodium Montmorillonite(Na-MMT)is not susceptible to polymer due to its organophilic character and low basal *** primary objective of this study was to improve Na-MMT platelets separation by organically modifying it with cation and anion exchanges using Cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide(CTAB)and Sodium dodecyl sulfate(SDS)*** spacing,presence of functional groups,Zetapotential with particle size analysis and thermal stability of the Organomodified Na-MMT(OMMT)were characterized using XRD,FTIR,zeta-potential analyzer and TGA *** basal spacing of CTAB modified OMMTincreased to 19.5Åfrom 11.0Åwhich corresponds to the basal spacing of *** SDS modified OMMT did not show any increase in the basal *** spectra of CTAB modified Na-MMT illustrated the attachment of CTAB functional groups to Na-MMT,while the same was absent in the case of SDS modified *** zeta-potential of Na-MMT shifted from–24.88 mV to 15.66 mV in the case of CTAB modified Na-MMTand 12.49 mV for SDS modified Na-MMT,indicating a greater surface potential of the modified *** TGA showed greater weight loss for CTAB modified Na-MMT than that for Na-MMT,indicating the effective Na+ion exchange with alkyl amines.

关键词： Na-MMT CTAB SDS XRD FTIR zetapotential

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Efficacy Study of Metronomic Chemotherapy in Metastatic Triple Negative Breast Cancer and Correlation with VEGF, TSP Levels

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Advances in Breast Cancer Research 2018年第2期7卷 107-119页

作者： B. J. Srinivasa Lalkota Prakash Bhanu Vidhya H. Veldore R. raghavendra Radheshyam Naik Department of Medical Oncology HCG Cancer Specialty Center Bangalore India Department of Histopathology Molecular Pathology & Cytogenetics Triesta Sciences R&D (A Unit of HCG Cancer Specialty Center) Bangalore India Center for Academics and Research HCG Foundation Bangalore India

Background: Treatment refractory metastatic breast cancer patients are at best treated palliatively. We evaluated the effects of metronomic chemotherapy on survival outcomes in this population. Methods: Twenty eight subjects with treatment refractory (n = 21) and treatment naive (n = 7) MBC were included in an open label single arm efficacy study of metronomic chemotherapy. Patients were given a chemotherapy regimen of Tab. Cyclophosphamide 50 mg once daily and Tab. Methotrexate 2.5 mg twice in a week over a minimum period of 3 months or until the progression of their disease whichever was earlier. Monitoring of serum VEGF and Thrombospondin levels were done to correlate the response rates. Data were analysed using chi square test for proportions and Kaplan Meir Survival analysis. Results: The mean age of the study population was 51.5 ± 14.2 years. The mean duration of metronomic chemotherapy was 123.89 ± 97.6 days. Overall 71.4% had progressive disease and 28.6% had stable disease. 55.6% with treatment naive metastatic breast cancer had stable disease compared to 15.8% of treatment refractory metastatic breast cancer. There was also a significant improvement in progression free survival in those with tumor load less than 5 cms compared to >5 cms and in grade 2 compared to grade 3 disease. There was no correlation of serum VEGF levels before and after chemotherapy. There is no significant decrease in TSP levels. Conclusion: The results suggest stable response in one third of study patients. Performance status and tumor load are important predictors in this category of population. There is no significant correlation of serum VEGF and TSP levels before and after chemotherapy. Also, there was no significant correlation of biomarker levels in responding and non-responding patients.

关键词： Metronomic Chemotherapy MBC Cyclophosphamide Methotrexate

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SHP2 regulates skeletal cell fate by modifying SOX9 expression and transcriptional activity

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Bone Research 2018年第2期6卷 132-144页

作者： Chunlin Zuo Lijun Wang raghavendra M.Kamalesh Margot E.Bowen Douglas C.Moore Mark S.Dooner Anthony M.Reginato Qian Wu Christoph Schorl Yueming Song Matthew L.Warman Benjamin G.Neel Michael G.Ehrlich Wentian Yang Department of Orthopaedics Brown University Alpert Medical School and Rhode Island HospitalProvidenceRI 02903USA Orthopaedic Research Laboratories and Howard Hughes Medical Institute Boston Children's Hospital and Department of GeneticsHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02115USA Division of Hematology and Oncology Brown University Alpert Medical School and Rhode Island HospitalProvidenceRI 02903USA Division of Rheumatology Brown University Alpert Medical School and Rhode Island HospitalProvidenceRI 02903USA Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine University of Connecticut Health CenterFarmingtonCT 06030USA Department of Molecular and Cell Biology and Biochemistry Brown University70 Ship StreetProvidenceRI 02912USA Department of Orthopedic Surgery West China Hospital of Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610041 Laura and Issac Perlmutter Cancer Center NYU Langone Medical CenterNew YourkNY 10016USA Department of Endocrinology the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefei 230022China

Chondrocytes and osteoblasts differentiate from a common mesenchymal precursor, the osteochondroprogenitor（OCP）, and help build the vertebrate skeleton. The signaling pathways that control lineage commitment for OCPs are incompletely understood. We asked whether the ubiquitously expressed protein-tyrosine phosphatase SHP2（encoded by Ptpn11） affects skeletal lineage commitment by conditionally deleting Ptpn11 in mouse limb and head mesenchyme using ＂Cre-lox P＂-mediated gene ***2-deficient mice have increased cartilage mass and deficient ossification, suggesting that SHP2-deficient OCPs become chondrocytes and not osteoblasts. Consistent with these observations, the expression of the master chondrogenic transcription factor SOX9 and its target genes Acan, Col2a1, and Col10a1 were increased in SHP2-deficient chondrocytes, as revealed by gene expression arrays, q RT-PCR, in situ hybridization, and immunostaining. Mechanistic studies demonstrate that SHP2 regulates OCP fate determination via the phosphorylation and SUMOylation of SOX9, mediated at least in part via the PKA signaling pathway. Our data indicate that SHP2 is critical for skeletal cell lineage differentiation and could thus be a pharmacologic target for bone and cartilage regeneration.

关键词： SHP2 regulates skeletal cell modifying SOX9 expression transcriptional activity SOX

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Hoarseness Due to Right Vocal Cord Paralysis Associated with Aortic Diverticulum from Right Aortic Arch—A Rare and Unusual Vascular Etiology of Right Vocal Cord Paralysis

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International Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery 2015年第2期4卷 99-103页

作者： Produl Hazarika Seema E. Punnoose Sanjay Arora Ramagowdanapura Sadashivan Diesh raghavendra K. Itgampalli Rohit Singh Department of ENT NMC Specialty Hospital Abu Dhabi UAE Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery NMC Specialty Hospital Abu Dhabi UAE Department of Radiology NMC Specialty Hospital Abu Dhabi UAE Department of ENT & Head-Neck Surgery Kasturba Medical College Manipal India

Right vocal cord paralysis in our present case was diagnosed on clinical and radiological examination which is precipitated by an anomalous right aortic arch with diverticulum. This is a very uncommon vascular etiology of hoarseness and is extremely rare. Because of this rarity, the practicing otolaryngologist may miss this finding while evaluating a case of idiopathic right vocal cord paralysis. Thus, the authors feel that idiopathic or unexplained right vocal cord paralysis should be routinely investigated with a CT or MRI of neck and chest with or without contrast to avoid such shortcomings. There is only one such case of right vocal cord paralysis by right aortic which has been reported earlier in literature.

关键词： Hoarseness Vocal Cord Paralysis Right Aortic Arch CT Scan Neck and Chest

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Amelioration of type 1 diabetes following treatment of non-obese diabetic mice with INGAP and lisofylline

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Journal of Diabetes Mellitus 2012年第2期2卷 251-257页

作者： Sarah A. Tersey Jeffery D. Carter Lawrence Rosenberg David A. Taylor-Fishwick raghavendra G. Mirmira Jerry L. Nadler Department of Medicine and the Strelitz Diabetes Center Eastern Virginia Medicial School Norfolk USA Department of Medicine University of Virginia Charlottesville USA Department of Pediatrics Indiana University Indianapolis USA Department of Surgery McGill University Montreal Canada

Type 1 diabetes mellitus results from the autoimmune and inflammatory destruction of insulin-producing islet β cells, rendering individuals devoid of insulin production. Recent studies suggest that combination therapies consisting of anti-inflammatory agents and islet growth-promoting factors have the potential to cause sustained recovery of β cell mass, leading to amelioration or reversal of type 1 diabetes in mouse models. In this study, we hypothesized that the combination of the anti-inflammatory agent lisofylline (LSF) with an active peptide fragment of islet neogenesis associated protein (INGAP peptide) would lead to remission of type 1 diabetes in the non-obese diabetic (NOD) mouse. We treated groups of spontaneously diabetic NOD mice with combinations of LSF, INGAP peptide, or control saline parenterally for up to 6 weeks. Our results demonstrate that the mice receiving combined treatment with LSF and INGAP peptide exhibited partial remission of diabetes with increased plasma insulin levels. Histologic assessment of pancreata in mice receiving combined therapy revealed the presence of islet insulin staining, increased β cell replication, and evidence of Pdx1-positivity in ductal cells. By contrast, diabetic animals showed severe insulitis with no detectible insulin or Pdx1 staining. We conclude that the novel combination treatment with LSF and INGAP peptide has the potential to ameliorate hyperglycemia in the setting of established type 1 diabetes via the recovery of endogenous β cells and warrant further studies.

关键词： INGAP Lisofylline Non-Obese Diabetic Mice Type 1 Diabetes Insulin

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Third time re-irradiation of liver metastasis with robotic radiosurgery: a case series

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Hepatoma Research 2019年第7期5卷 1-8页

作者： Debnarayan Dutta Sathiya Krishnamoorthy Rupa Das Ram Madhavan Haridas Nair raghavendraHolla Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre KochiKerala 682041India Department of Radiation Oncology Global HospitalChennai 600035India

Re-irradiation(Re-RT)in liver tumours is rarely reported owing to poor tolerance of liver and high incidence of radiation induced liver disease *** based robotic radiosurgery allows to deliver high dose radiation to the liver tumour and restricts the dose to healthy uninvolved liver,thereby increasing the potential for *** to radiation is low for entire liver and hence re-radiation is a *** the other hand,as regenerative potential of hepatocytes is rapid,replacement of necrotic liver tissue occurs with regenerated *** regenerated hepatocytes are radiation na?ve,do not have"memory"of radation therapy treatment and hence have potential of *** are reporting a series of two breast cancer patients presented with liver oligometastasis treated with fiducial based CyberKnife system(CK).Both the patients were treated multiple times with CK and had long-term survival(>2 years)without any clinical features of radiation induced liver *** selected patients are suitable for multiple sessions of CK for liver lesions with long-term outcome.

关键词： Liver lesions re-radiation robotic radiosurgery

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Histopathological differences utilizing the nonalcoholic fatty liver disease activity score criteria in diabetic(type 2 diabetes mellitus) and non-diabetic patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

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World Journal of Hepatology 2015年第25期7卷 2610-2618页

作者： Bharat K Puchakayala Siddharth Verma Pushpjeet Kanwar John Hart raghavendra R Sanivarapu Smruti R Mohanty Center for Liver Diseases Division of Gastroenterology and HepatologyNew York Methodist Hospital at Weill Cornell Medical College Department of Pathology University of Chicago Medical Center

AIM: To study clinical and histopathological features of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) in patients with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM) using updated nonalcoholic steatohepatitis clinical research network(NASH-CRN) grading ***: We retrospectively analyzed data of 235 patients with biopsy proven NAFLD with and without T2 *** database was utilized in the previously published study comparing ethnicity outcomes in NAFLD by the same corresponding *** pathology database from University of Chicago was utilized for enrolling consecutive patients who met the criteria for NAFLD and their detailed clinical and histopathology findings were obtained for *** relevant clinical profile of patients was collected from the Electronic Medical Records around the time of liver biopsy and the histology was read by a single well-trained *** updated criteria for type 2 diabetes have been utilized for *** data of patients with NASH and NAFLD has been *** mean differences were compared using χ2 and t-test along with regression analysis to evaluate the predictors of NASH and advanced ***: Patients with NAFLD and T2 DM were significantly older(49.9 vs 43.0,P < 0.01),predominantly female(71.4 vs 56.3,P < 0.02),had higher rate of metabolic syndrome(88.7 vs 36.4,P < 0.01),had significantly higher aspartate transaminase(AST)/alanine transaminase(ALT) ratio(0.94 vs 0.78,P < 0.01) and Fib-4 index(1.65 vs 1.06,P < 0.01) as markers of NASH,showed higher mean NAFLD activity score(3.5 vs 3.0,P = 0.03) and higher mean fibrosis score(1.2 vs 0.52,P < 0.01) compared to patients with NAFLD without T2 ***,advanced fibrosis(32.5 vs 12.0,P < 0.01) and ballooning(27.3 vs 13.3,P < 0.01) was significantly higher among patients with NAFLD and T2 DM compared to patients with NAFLD without T2 *** multivariate analysis,T2 DM was independently associated with NASH(OR = 3.27,95%CI: 1.43-7.50,P < 0.01)

关键词： Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis Non-alcoholicfatty liver disease Advanced fibrosis Non-alcoholicfatty live

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