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Unsupervised intrusion detection system for in-vehicle communication networks

Journal of Safety Science and Resilience 2024年第2期5卷 119-129页

作者： Kabilan n vinayakumar ravi v Sowmya Center for Computational Engineering and networking(CEn) Amrita School of Artificial InteligenceAmrita Vishwa VidyapeethamCoimbatoreIndia Center for Artificial Intlligence Prince Mohammad Bin Fahd UniversityKhobarSaudi Arabia

In-vehicle communication has been optimized day to day to keep updated of the *** area network(CAn)is used as a standard communication method because of its efficient and reliable ***,CAn is prone to several network level attacks because of its lack in security *** methods have been introduced to incorporate this in *** proposed an unsupervised method of intrusion detection for in-vehicle communication networks by combining the optimal feature extracting ability of autoencoders and more precise clustering using fuzzy C-means(FCM).The proposed method is light weight and requires less computation *** performed an extensive experiment and achieved an accuracy of 75.51%with the ML35o in-vehicle intrusion *** experimental result,the proposed method also works better for other intrusion detection problems like wireless intrusion detection datasets such as WnS-DS with accuracy of 84.05%and network intrusion detection datasets such as KDDCup with accuracy 60.63%,UnSW_nB15 with accuracy 73.62%and Information Security Center of Excellence(Iscx)with accuracy 74.83%.Overall,the proposed method outperforms the existing methods and avoids labeled datasets when training an in-vehicle intrusion detection *** results of the experiment of our proposed method performed on various intru-sion detection datasets indicate that the proposed approach is generalized and robust in detecting intrusions and can be effectively deployed in real time to monitor CAn traffic in vehicles and proactively alert during attacks.

关键词： Controlarea network Intrusiondetection Unsupervised learning Autoencoders Fuzzy C-means

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Chi-square automatic interaction detection(CHAID)analysis of the use of safety goggles and face masks as personal protective equipment(PPE)to protect against occupational biohazards

Journal of Biosafety and Biosecurity

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Journal of Biosafety and Biosecurity 2024年第2期6卷 125-133页

作者： raúl Aguilar-Elena Juán JoséAgún-González Universidad Internacional de valencia ValenciaSpain

Background:This study represents the first Spanish investigation to rigorously evaluate compliance with the use of safety goggles and face masks as essential personal protective equipment(PPE)in companies with workplaces involving exposure to biological ***:This study aimed to examine the degree of use of face masks and safety goggles as personal protective equipment(PPE),the factors that influence their use,and the profile of workers exposed to occupational biological agents in Spanish companies in the health sector,farming sector,meat industry,waste treatment plants,food industry,and veterinary ***:We conducted a cross-sectional descriptive study involving 590 Spanish workers from 51 *** developed a 34-item questionnaire to assess workers’perception of risk related to exposure to biological agents in their *** the questions,three were designed to measure the degree of use of key protective equipment in sectors with biological agent exposure:protective gloves,safety goggles or face *** only analyzed safety goggles and face *** performed various statistical analyses,including Cronbach’s alpha,frequency of endorsement,content validity ratio using Lawshe’s method,varimax rotation,the Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin test,and Bartlett’s sphericity test,to assess the internal consistency and reliability of the ***,we employed a chi-square automatic interaction detection(CHAID)segmentation analysis,using workers’responses regarding their attitudes toward safety goggles and face mask usage as PPE for protection against biological risks,with demographic variables as independent ***:In the current study,CHAID analysis revealed that workers exposed to group 2 biological agents used more safety goggles and face shields compared with workers exposed to other groups of biological ***,workers in laboratories and the food industry used face masks more than workers of other ***

关键词： PPE Safety googles and breath mask CHAID Biological Agents Occupational Biosafety

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Thermo-and pH-sensitive Polymer with Pendant Spacer-linked Imidazole Cycles

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2024年第4期42卷 437-445页

作者： natalya v.Zakharova Stanislav n.Zelinskiy Mariya S.Strelova Elena n.Danilovtseva vadim v.Annenkov Institute of Macromolecular Compounds of the Russian Academy of Sciences Saint Petersburg199004Russia Limnological Institute of Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences Irkutsk664033Russia

By the reaction of poly(acryloyl chloride) with n-(3-aminopropyl)imidazole, poly(n-(3-(1H-imidazol-1-yl)propyl)acrylamide) was synthesized. The new polymer contains an imidazole ring removed from the main chain by a spacer of five bonds. The structure and purity, molecular weight, hydrodynamic and thermosensitive properties of the obtained sample were studied by1H-and13C-nMR, FTIR spectroscopy, acid-base titration, light scattering, turbidimetry and viscometry. The observed ability of the imidazole-containing polymer to form and destroy associates in water-salt solutions at pH 6.6-7.4 and temperatures of 29-48℃ indicates that these are promising candidates for designing complex biomedical systems. The new polymer is able to form complexes with oligo-DnA more actively than poly(1-vinylimidazole), which is of interest for gene delivery applications. The polymer cross-linked with epichlorohydrin gives micro-relief coatings on the plastic surface, and the modified surface is able to attach negatively charged objects. This thermo-and pH-sensitive polymer modification can be applied to create finely controlled surfaces for cell culturing.

关键词： Imidazole-containing polymer Thermolability pH-sensitivity The modified surface DnA immobilization

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RBC aggregation,deformation and adhesion to endothelium:Role of nitric oxide derived from L-Arginine and sodium nitroprusside

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Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences 2024年第5期17卷 53-65页

作者： M.K.Maksimov P.B.Ermolinskiy O.n.Scheglovitova n.n.Sklyankina A.v.Muravyov A.E.Lugovtsov A.v.Priezzhev Faculty of Physics M.V.Lomonosov Moscow State University bld.1subbuilding.2Leninskie goryMoscow 11991Russia n.F.Gamaleya national Research Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology 18 Gamaleya StreetMoscow 123098Russia K.D.Ushinsky Yaroslavl State Pedagogical University 108/1 Respublikanskaya StreetYaroslavl 150000Russia

Red blood cells(RBCs)are the most abundant human blood *** aggregation and deformation strongly determine blood viscosity which impacts hemorheology and *** turn,RBC properties depend on di®erent endogenous and exogenous *** such factor is nitric oxide(nO),which is mainly produced by endothelial cells(EC)from L-arginine amino acid in the circulatory *** the mechanisms of the RBC-endothelium interplay are not clear up to date and considering its possible clinical importance,the aims of this study are to investigate in vitro:(1)The e®ect of L-arginine induced nO on RBC aggregation and adhesion to endothelium;(2)the nO e®ect on RBC aggregation and deformation induced by L-arginine and sodium nitroprusside without the presence of endothelium in the *** RBC aggregation and adhesion to a monolayer of EC were studied using optical tweezers(OT).The RBC deformability and aggregation without endothelium in the samples were studied using the°ow chamber method and Myrenne *** con¯rmed that nO increases deformability and decreases aggregation of *** showed that the soluble guanylate cyclase pathway appears to be the only nO signaling pathway *** the samples with the endothelium,the\bell-shaped"dependence of RBC aggregation force on L-arginine concentration was observed,which improves our knowledge about the process of nO production by ***,data related to L-arginine accumulation by endothelium were obtained:necessity of the presence of extracellular L-arginine stated by other authors was put under *** our study,nO decreased the RBC-endothelium adhesion,however,the tendency appeared to be weak and was not con¯rmed in another set of *** our knowledge,this is the¯rst attempt to measure the forces of RBC adhesion to endothelium monolayer with OT.

关键词： Red blood cells aggregation L-arginine endothelium optical tweezers Myrenne flow chamber

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Transition from oceanic subduction to continental collision:Insights from volcanogenic-sedimentary rocks of the Tannuola terrane(northern Central Asian Orogenic Belt)

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Geoscience Frontiers 2024年第4期15卷 41-60页

作者： E.v.vetrov n.I.vetrova v.S.Sobolev Institute of Geology and Mineralogy SB raS Koptyuga ave.3NovosibirskRussia

Magmatism associated with oceanic subduction plays a dominant role in crustal growth during the Earth's *** Tannuola terrane,situated in the northern Central Asian Orogenic Belt(CAOB),is a key area to understanding oceanic subduction and initial collision processes in the northern *** order to investigate the switch from subduction to collision settings,detailed field mapping,zircon SHRIMP U-Pb geochronological and whole-rock geochemical studies of volcanogenic-sedimentary rocks from the Tannuola terrane were carried *** U-Pb ages indicate multi-stage volcanism lasted at least 30 Ma from~540 to~510 Ma,that can be divided into three events:the late Ediacaran(before~540 Ma),the early Cambrian(~520 Ma)and the middle Cambrian(~510 Ma).These ages are inter-preted to the initial,main and final stages of oceanic subduction during the late Proterozoic-early *** the late Ediacaran,tholeiitic basalts with highεnd(t)values(from+7.4 to+8.5)were *** forming by the 10%-30%partial melting of spinel-garnet mantle source during slab *** the early Cambrian,transitional from tholeiitic to calc-alkaline basaltic rocks withεnd(t)value(+5.6)and coeval intermediate-felsic volcanic rocks with similarεnd(t)values(+5.9 and+6.5)*** early Cambrian basaltic rocks are interpreted to be derived by 10%-30%partial melt-ing of a depleted mantle source metasomatized by slab-derived fluids released from the subducting ocea-nic *** middle Cambrian calcalkaline basaltic rocks withεnd(t)value of+6.2 might be emplaced as a result of low(5%-10%)degree partial melting of a metasomatized mantle followed by fractional crys-tallization of clinopyroxene and *** intermediate-felsic volcanic rocks withεnd(t)values from+6.0 to+6.8 were formed through fractionation of the juvenile neoproterozoic *** middle Cambrian volcanism is interpreted to be triggered by the slab break-off during the transition to a collisional se

关键词： Island-arc magmatism Ediacaran Cambrian zircon U-Pb dating nd isotopes Central asian orogenic belt

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Morphology of crater and caldera lakes in the Far Eastern region of Russia and the features of their development

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第4期21卷 1246-1258页

作者： Dmitrii n.KOZLOv Ekaterina v.LEBEDEvA Institute of Marine Geology and Geophysics Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of SciencesYuzhno-Sakhalinsk 693022Russia Institute of Geography Russian Academy of SciencesMoscow 119017Russia

volcanic lakes in the Kuril-Kamchatka region are difficult to access,and for this reason,they remain poorly studied,with only scattered and brief data *** authors have conducted a study of 10 lake basins using modern digital echolocation survey techniques and have also compiled and summarized published data for 15 lakes in the region,calculating their main morphometric *** has been established that many caldera lake basins are modified by young explosive funnels,extrusive or effusive domes,and exhibit traces of hydrothermal *** lakes of the same genetic type in the Kuril-Kamchatka region are similar in depth and depression forms,the group of caldera lakes shows less homogeneity across all morphometric *** was found that the absolute heights of the reservoirs on Kamchatka Peninsula are generally greater than those on the Kuril Islands,as is often the case with the size of their *** volcanic lakes under study can rapidly change their volume and shape under the influence of endogenous *** the first time for this region,on the base of repeated observations,underwater extrusive dome rate growth and the approximate rates of 2 lake level changes were *** observations of lakes in the Ksudach calderas(Kamchatka)and on Simushir Island indicate approximate rates of level changes:a decrease ranging within 0.5-0.6 m per year(over a 27-year observation interval)and an increase reaching up to 0.26 m per year(over a 48-year interval).The growth rate of the underwater extrusive dome in Lake Shtyubel has averaged 1-1.6 m per year over the past 25 *** analysis has facilitated the first generalization regarding the morphology and developmental features of crater and caldera lakes in the Kuril-Kamchatka region of Russia,representing an important step in their *** results obtained will provide a solid foundation for subsequent research in this region and may be of interest to researchers studying

关键词： volcanic lakes Echolocation survey volcanism Gashydrotherms Kamchatka Kuril Islands

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nonlinear-Optical Analogies in nuclear-Like Soliton Reactions:Selection Rules,nonlinear Tunneling and Sub-Barrier Fusion–Fission

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Chinese Physics Letters 2024年第8期41卷 1-7页

作者： T.L.Belyaeva v.n.Serkin Universidad Autonoma del Estado de Mexico Av.Instituto Literario 100C.P.50000TolucaMexico Benemerita Universidad Autonoma de Puebla Av.4 Sur 104C.P.72001PueblaMexico

The main goal of our study is to reveal unexpected but intriguing analogies arising between optical solitons and nuclear physics,which still remain hidden from *** consider the main cornerstones of the concept of nonlinear optics of nuclear reactions and the well-dressed repulsive-core *** the base of this model,we reveal the most intriguing properties of the nonlinear tunneling of nucleus-like solitons and the soliton selfinduced sub-barrier transparency *** describe novel interesting and stimulating analogies between the interaction of nucleus-like solitons on the repulsive barrier and nuclear sub-barrier *** main finding of this study concerns the conservation of total number of nucleons(or the baryon number)in nuclear-like soliton *** show that inelastic interactions among well-dressed repulsive-core solitons arise only when a“cloud”of“dressing”spectral side-bands appears in the frequency spectra of the *** property of nucleus-like solitons is directly related to the nuclear density distribution described by the dimensionless small shape-squareness *** the Fourier spectra of nucleus-like solitons are similar to the nuclear form *** show that the nuclear-like reactions between well-dressed solitons are realized by“exchange”between“particle-like”side bands in their spectra.

关键词： solitons soliton nonlinear

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Conformally symmetric wormhole solutions supported by non-commutative geometry in f(Q,T)gravity

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2024年第2期76卷 111-124页

作者： Chaitra Chooda Chalavadi v venkatesha n S Kavya S v Divya rashmi Department of P.G.Studies and Research in Mathematics Kuvempu UniversityShankaraghattaShivamogga 577451KarnatakaIndia Department of Mathematics Vidyavardhaka College of EngineeringMysuru—570002India

This paper investigates wormhole solutions within the framework of extended symmetric teleparallel gravity,incorporating non-commutative geometry,and conformal *** achieve this,we examine the linear wormhole model with anisotropic fluid under Gaussian and Lorentzian *** primary objective is to derive wormhole solutions while considering the influence of the shape function on model parameters under Gaussian and Lorentzian *** resulting shape function satisfies all the necessary conditions for a traversable ***,we analyze the characteristics of the energy conditions and provide a detailed graphical discussion of the matter contents via energy ***,we explore the effect of anisotropy under Gaussian and Lorentzian ***,we present our conclusions based on the obtained results.

关键词： traversable wormhole f(Q T)gravity energy conditions non-commutative geometry conformal motion

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Prevalence of visual impairment and estimation of refractive errors among school children in Kakamega,Kenya

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第5期17卷 932-939页

作者： Isabel Signes-Soler Alfred ragot Sheilah nangena Andrew Wekesa raúl Montalbán Llamusí Department of Optics and Optometry and vision Sciences Universidat de ValènciaBurjassotValencia 46010Spain nGO vision Without Borders(visio Sense Fronteres VSF)Calpe 03710AlicanteSpain Masinde Muliro University of Science and Technology P.O Box 190-50100KakamegaKenya Clinica Baviera Alicante C/Ausóy Monzó 16Alicante 03006Spain

AIM:To investigate the prevalence of visual impairment(vI)and provide an estimation of uncorrected refractive errors in school-aged children,conducted by optometry students as a community ***:The study was *** 3343 participants were included in the *** initial examination involved assessing the uncorrected distance visual acuity(UDvA)and visual acuity(vA)while using a+2.00 D *** inclusion criteria for a subsequent comprehensive cycloplegic eye examination,performed by an optometrist,were as follows:a UDvAnd/or a vA with+2.00 D≥0.8 decimal(0.96 logMAR).RESULTS:The sample had a mean age of 10.92±2.13y(range 4 to 17y),and 51.3%of the children were female(n=1715).The majority of the children(89.7%)fell within the age range of 8 to *** the ethnic groups,the highest representation was from the Luhya group(60.6%)followed by Luo(20.4%).Mean logMAR UDvA choosing the best eye for each student was 0.29±0.17(range 1.70 to 0.22).Out of the total,246 participants(7.4%)had a full eye *** estimated prevalence of myopia(defined as spherical equivalent≤-0.5 D)was found to be 1.45%of the total *** around 0.18%of the total sample had hyperopia value exceeding+1.75 *** astigmatism(cilnd in 0.21%(7/3343)of the *** vI prevalence was 1.26%of the total *** our cases of vI,76.2%could be attributed to uncorrected refractive *** was detected in 0.66%(22/3343)of the screened *** was no statistically significant correlation observed between age or gender and refractive ***:The primary cause of vI is determined to be uncorrected refractive errors,with myopia being the most prevalent refractive error *** findings underscore the significance of early identification and correction of refractive errors in school-aged children as a means to alleviate the impact of vI.

关键词： visual impairment refractive errors myopia amblyopia sustainable development goals

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Ion heat transport in electron cyclotron resonance heated L-mode plasma on the T-10 tokamak

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Plasma Science and Technology 2024年第4期26卷 52-60页

作者： v.A.KRUPIn M.R.nURGALIEv A.R.nEMETS I.A.ZEMTSOv S.D.SUnTSOv T.B.MYALTOn D.S.SERGEEv n.A.SOLOvEv D.v.SARYCHEv D.v.RYJAKOv S.n.TUGARInOv n.n.nAUMEnKO national Research Centre“Kurchatov Institute” Moscow 123182Russia Bauman Moscow State Technical University Moscow 105005Russia Institution“Project Center ITER” Moscow 123098Russia JSC“SOLAR” Minsk 220034Belarus

Anomalous ion heat transport is analyzed in the T-10 tokamak plasma heated with electron cyclotron resonance heating(ECRH) in second-harmonic extra-ordinary mode. Predictive modeling with empirical scaling for Ohmical heat conductivity shows that in ECRH plasmas the calculated ion temperature could be overestimated, so an increase of anomalous ion heat transport is required. To study this effect two scans are presented: over the EC resonance position and over the ECRH power. The EC resonance position varies from the high-field side to the low-field side by variation of the toroidal magnetic field. The scan over the heating power is presented with on-axis and mixed ECRH regimes. Discharges with high anomalous ion heat transport are obtained in all considered regimes. In these discharges the power balance ion heat conductivity exceeds the neoclassical level by up to 10 times. The high ion heat transport regimes are distinguished by three parameters: the ratio Te/Ti, the normalized electron density gradient R/■, and the ion–ion collisionality νii~*. The combination of high Te/Ti, high νii~*, and R/■=6-10 results in values of normalized anomalous ion heat fluxes up to 10 times higher than in the low transport scenario.

关键词： tokamak L-mode electron cyclotron resonance heating ion heat transport

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