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A review on phytopharmaceutical importance of asiaticoside

Journal of Coastal Life Medicine 2016年第12期4卷 1000-1007页

作者： Kanika Patel raghav mishra Dinesh Kumar Patel Jubilant Generics Limited (Formerly Jubilant Life Sciences Division)D-12Sector 59Noida 201301Uttar PradeshIndia Department of Pharmacy Galgotias UniversityGreater Noida 203201Uttar PradeshIndia Christian School of Pharmacy Faculty of Health SciencesSam Higginbottom Institute of AgricultureTechnology and SciencesDeemed-to-be UniversityAllahabad211007Uttar PradeshIndia

Herbal plant materials have huge potential in the field of medicine,nutraceuticals,perfumery,beverages,fragrances,cosmetics and dyeing *** asiatica(L.)Urban(family:Apiaceae)(***)is a very popular medicinal herb in Sri Lanka,Madagascar,India and other parts of *** kola,Brahmi and Mandukparniin are the synonyms of *** which is mainly used for improving memory *** pharmacological importance of *** is mainly because of triterpenes such as asiatic acid,asiaticoside,madecassoside and madecassic acid,*** is mainly used for the treatment of mental fatigue,anxiety,epidermal wound,eczema,leprosy,asthma,psoriasis,ulcers and vein *** is a pentacyclic triterpenoid saponin having anti-depression,anti-tumor,anti-inflammatory,antioxidant properties and further it also possesses wound healing,antiulcer and anti-hepatofibrotic *** improved cognitive impairment in diabetic condition because of the decreased oxidative *** of asiaticoside in *** has been done by several methods which were mainly based on high performance liquid chromatography methods using different compositions of mobile phase sand detection *** these days scientists are trying to discover novel medicine from natural sources for the development of better *** this review we have collected information of asiaticoside in respect to its medicinal values,pharmacological activities,extraction,isolation,and other analytical *** the present review will be supportive to the scientists who are trying to develop some novel medicines from asiaticoside for the better health prospects.

关键词： Analytical Asiaticoside Centella asiatica Memory power Pharmacological Triterpenoid

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Pancreatic adenocarcinoma: A review of recent paradigms and advances in epidemiology, clinical diagnosis and management

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第23期27卷 3158-3181页

作者： Nikhil Gupta raghav Yelamanchi Department of Surgery Atal Bihari Vajpayee Institute of Medical Sciences and Dr.Ram Manohar Lohia HospitalDelhi 110001India

Pancreatic cancer is one of the dreaded malignancies for both the patient and the *** five-year survival rate of pancreatic adenocarcinoma(PDA)is as low as 2%despite multimodality treatment even in the best *** per the Global Cancer Observatory of the International Agency for Research in Cancer estimates of pancreatic cancer,by 2040,a 61.7%increase is expected in the total number of cases *** the widespread availability of next-generation sequencing,the entire genome of the tumors is being sequenced regularly,providing insight into their *** invasive PDA arises from pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia and mucinous neoplasm and intraductal papillary neoplasm,screening for them can be beneficial as the disease is curable with resection at an early *** preoperative biliary drainage has no role in patients suffering from PDA with obstructive *** performed,metallic stents are preferred over plastic *** invasive procedures are preferred to open procedures as they have less *** duct-to-mucosa technique for pancreaticojejunostomy is presently widely *** role of intraperitoneal drains after surgery for PDA is *** chemoradiotherapy has been proven to have a significant role both in locally advanced as well as in resectable *** new regimens and drugs have been added in the arsenal of chemoradiotherapy for metastatic *** roles of immunotherapy and gene therapy in PDA are being *** review article is intended to improve the understanding of the readers with respect to the latest updates of PDA,which may help to trigger new research ideas and make better management decisions.

关键词： Pancreatic adenocarcinoma Pancreatic cancer Chemotherapy Chemoradiotherapy Pancreaticoduodenectomy Distal pancreatectomy

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Tunable photonic crystals based on ferroelectric and ferromagnetic materials by focused ion beam

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Chinese Optics Letters 2007年第12期5卷 693-695页

作者： Ziyou Zhou Xiaoyue Huang raghav Vanga Rong Li Physics Department Michigan Technological University Houghton MI 49931 USA Material Science and Engineering Department Michigan Technological University Houghton MI 49931 USA

By making photonic crystals in ferroelectric and ferromagnetic materials, field-provoked tunability of photonic crystals is broadening the interest in new applications of on-chip photonic devices. We report a nano-precise fabrication of various designs of photonic crystals in these non-conventional materials using the focused ion beam milling technique. Standard methods are developed and parameters for different materials are calibrated. Optical responses such as bandgaps and polarization status changing from planar film waveguide svstem with these patterns have been examined on ferromagnetic materials.

关键词： Computer aided design Electron beam lithography Ion beams Photonic crystals Photonic devices Thin films

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Two dynamic reconfiguration approaches for optimizing the restoration path length in p-cycle protection network

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Optoelectronics Letters 2010年第4期6卷 291-294页

作者： raghav Yadav Rama Shankar Yadav Computer Science and I.T. Sam Higginbottam Institute of Agriculture Technology & Sciences Computer Science and Engineering Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology

p-cycle is one of the most promising technique of span protection in optical transport networks with mesh-like efficiency and ring-like *** p-cycle provides better efficiency in term of spare capacity,but longer restored path increases end-to-end propagation delay,which reduces the reliability of the restored ***,minimization of restoration path is a critical issue in p-cycle based protection *** this paper,two new dynamic reconfiguration approaches namely inter-cycles switching(ICS) and local restoration paths(LRP) are discussed to reduce the length of restored paths in existing optimal spare capacity design of *** proposed approaches are meant to utilize the idle p-cycles thus significantly reducing the path *** reduction in restored path length also releases the redundant spare capacity.

关键词：路径长度动态重构保护网络周期优化备用容量道路长度网络保护

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A control scheme with performance prediction for a PV fed water pumping system

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Frontiers in Energy 2014年第4期8卷 480-489页

作者： Ramesh K GOVINDARAJAN Pankaj raghav PARTHASARATHY Saravana Ilango GANESAN Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering National Institute of Technology Tiruchirappalli 620015 India

This paper focuses on modeling and perfor- mance predetermination of a photovoltaic （PV） system with a boost converter fed permanent magnet direct current （PMDC） motor-centrifugal pump load, taking the con- verter losses into account. Sizing is done based on the maximum power generated by the PV array at the average irradiation. Hence optimum sizing of the PV array for the given irradiation at the geographical location of interest is obtained using the predetermined values. The analysis presented here involves systems employing maximum power point tracking （MPPT） as they are more efficient than directly coupled systems. However, the voltage and power of the motor might rise above rated values for irradiations greater than the average when employing MPPT, hence a control scheme has been proposed to protect the PMDC motor from being damaged during these conditions. This control scheme appropriately chooses the optimum operating point of the system, ensuring long-term sustained operation. The numerical simulation of the system is performed in Matlab/Simulink and is validated with experimental results obtained from a 180 V, 0.5 hp PMDC motor coupled to a centrifugal pump. The operation of the system with the proposed control scheme is verified by varying the irradiation levels and the relevant results are presented.

关键词： photovoltaic system boost converter max- imum power point tracking (MPPT) DC permanent-magnet motor centrifugal pump

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Development of a GIS-based failure investigation system for highway soil slopes

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Frontiers of Earth Science 2015年第2期9卷 165-178页

作者： raghav RAMANATHAN Ahmet H. AYDILEK Burak F. TANYU Paul C. Rizzo Associates Inc. 500 Penn Center Blvd. Pittsburgh PA 15235 USA Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Maryland MD 20742 USA Department of Civil Environmental and Infrastructure Engineenng George Mason University Fairfax VA 22030 USA

A framework for preparation of an early warning system was developed for Maryland, using a GIS database and a collective overlay of maps that highlight highway slopes susceptible to soil slides or slope failures in advance through spatial and statistical analysis. Data for existing soil slope failures was collected from geotechnical reports and field visits. A total of 48 slope failures were recorded and analyzed. Six factors, including event precipitation, geological formation, land cover, slope history, slope angle, and elevation were considered to affect highway soil siope stability. The observed trends indicate that precipitation and poor surface or subsurface drainage conditions are principal factors causing slope failures. 96% of the failed slopes have an open drainage section. A majority of the failed slopes lie in regions with relatively high event precipitation （P 〉 200 mm）. 90% of the existing failures are surficial erosion type failures, and only 1 out of the 42 slope failures is deep rotational type failure. More than half of the analyzed slope failures have occurred in regions having low density land cover. 46% of failures are on slopes with slope angles between 20~ and 30~. Influx of more data relating to failed slopes should give rise to more trends, and thus the developed slope management system will aid the state highway engineers in prudential budget allocation and prioritizing different remediation projects based on the literature reviewed on the principles, concepts, techniques, and methodology for slope instability evaluation （Lesh- chinsky et al., 2015）.

关键词： soil slope slope management system geo-graphic information system hazard mapping

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Understanding Business Disruption and Economic Losses Due to Electricity Failures and Flooding

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2019年第4期10卷 421-438页

作者： Elco Koks raghav Pant Scott Thacker Jim W.Hall Environmental Change Institute University of OxfordSouth Parks RoadOxford OX13QYUK Institute for Environmental Studies Vrije Universiteit AmsterdamDe Boelelaan 10851081 HV AmsterdamThe Netherlands United Nations Office for Project Services(UNOPS) Marmorvej 512100 CopenhagenDenmark

Failure of critical national infrastructures can cause disruptions with widespread economic *** analyze these economic impacts,we present an integrated modeling framework that combines:(1)geospatial information on infrastructure assets/networks and the natural hazards to which they are exposed;(2)geospatial modeling of the reliance of businesses upon infrastructure services,in order to quantify disruption to businesses locations and economic activities in the event of infrastructure failures;and(3)multiregional supply-use economic modeling to analyze wider economic impacts of disruptions to *** methodology is exemplified through a case study for the United *** study uses geospatial information on the location of electricity infrastructure assets and local industrial areas,and employs a multiregional supply-use model of the UK economy that traces the impacts of floods of different return intervals across37 subnational regions of the *** results show up to a300%increase in total economic losses when power outages are included in the risk assessment,compared to analysis that just includes the economic impacts of business interruption due to flooded business *** increase indicates that risk studies that do not include failure of critical infrastructures may be underestimating the total losses.

关键词： Economic impacts Flood hazard Indirect economic losses Infrastructure failure United Kingdom

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Transplantation of engineered exosomes derived from bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells ameliorate diabetic peripheral neuropathy under electrical stimulation

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Bioactive Materials 2021年第8期6卷 2231-2249页

作者： Anamika Singh Alok raghav Parvaiz Ahmad Shiekh Ashok Kumar Biomaterial and Tissue Engineering Group Department of Biological Sciences and BioengineeringIndian Institute of Technology KanpurKanpur208016UPIndia Centre for Nanosciences Indian Institute of Technology KanpurKanpur208016UPIndia Centre for Environmental Sciences and Engineering Indian Institute of Technology KanpurKanpur208016UPIndia

Diabetic peripheral neuropathy(DPN)is a long-term complication associated with nerve dysfunction and uncontrolled *** spite of new drug discoveries,development of effective therapy is much needed to cure ***,we have developed a combinatorial approach to provide biochemical and electrical cues,considered to be important for nerve *** derived from bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells(BMSCs)were fused with polypyrrole nanoparticles(PpyNps)containing liposomes to deliver both the cues in a single delivery *** developed DPN rat model and injected intramuscularly the fused exosomal system to understand its long-term therapeutic *** found that the fused system along with electrical stimulation normalized the nerve conduction velocity(57.60±0.45 m/s)and compound muscle action potential(16.96±0.73 mV)similar to healthy control(58.53±1.10 m/s;18.19±1.45 mV).Gastrocnemius muscle morphology,muscle mass,and integrity were recovered after ***,we also observed paracrine effect of delivered exosomes in controlling hyperglycemia and loss in body weight and also showed attenuation of damage to the tissues such as the pancreas,kidney,and *** work provides a promising effective treatment and also contribute cutting edge therapeutic approach for the treatment of DPN.

关键词： Exosomes Bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells Polypyrrole Diabetes mellitus Diabetic peripheral neuropathy

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Parapharygeal Space Tumours—Surgical Approach and Role of Tumour Markers

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International Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery 2014年第1期3卷 42-45页

作者： Pawan Singhal raghav Mehta Sunita Agrawal Digvijay Singh Prakash mishra Department of E.N.T. S.M.S. Medical College and Hospital Jaipur India

Both benign and malignant tumors may arise from any of the structures contained within the parapharyngeal space. Parapharyngeal space is difficult to reach and formidable area to approach by any surgeon. Due to its deep placement and approximation to vital structures, not only is tumour involving this space a difficult task to manage for the surgeon, but even its diagnosis may elude the doctor. Even the battery of clinical, biochemical or radiological tests diagnosis remains a difficult objective. We aim to provide an adjunct mode of aiding the diagnosis in the form of tumour markers. Though tumour markers alone are not sufficient, with the help of other tests, the diagnosis can be reached in a fairly accurate measure.

关键词： Parapharyngeal Tumors Tumor Markers Shwannoma

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Three-dimensional fuzzy graphene ultra-microelectrodes for subcellular electrical recordings

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Nano Research 2020年第5期13卷 1444-1452页

作者： Sahil K.Rastogi Jacqueline Bliley Laura Matino raghav Garg Francesca Santoro Adam W.Feinberg Tzahi Cohen-Karni Department of Biomedical Engineering Carnegie Mellon UniversityPittsburghPA15213USA Center for Advanced Biomaterials for Healthcare Istituto Italiano di TecnologiaNaples80125Italy Department of Chemical Materials and Industrial Production EngineeringUniversity of Naples Federico IINaples80125Italy Department of Materials Science and Engineering Carnegie Mellon UniversityPittsburghPA15213USA

Microelectrode arrays(MEAs)have enabled investigation of cellular networks at sub-millisecond temporal ***,current MEAs are limited by the large electrode footprint since reducing the electrode’s geometric area to sub-cellular dimensions leads to a significant increase in impedance thus affecting its recording *** report a breakthrough ultra-microelectrodes platform by leveraging the outstanding surface-to-volume ratio of nanowire-templated out-of-plane synthesized three-dimensional fuzzy graphene(NT-3DFG).The enormous surface area of NT-3DFG leads to 140-fold reduction in electrode impedance compared to bare Au microelectrodes,thus enabling scaling down the geometric size by 625-fold to ca.2µm×2µ*** out-of-plane morphology of NT-3DFG leads to a tight seal with the cell membrane thus enabling recording of electrical signals with high signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)of>*** work highlights the possibility to push the limits of the conventional MEA technology to enable electrophysiological investigation at sub-cellular level without the need of any surface *** presented approach would greatly impact our basic understanding of signal transduction within a single cell as well as complex cellular assemblies.

关键词： microelectrode array ultra-microelectrodes electrical recordings biocompatible hybrid-nanomaterial 3D graphene cardiomyocytes

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