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Phlebotomus papatasi and Meriones libycus as the vector and reservoir host of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Qomrood District,Qom Province,central Iran

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2011年第2期4卷 97-100页

作者： Rassi Yavar Saghafipour Abedin Abai Mohammad Reza Oshaghi Mohammad Ali Rafizadeh Sina Mohebail Mehdi Yaaghobi-Ershadi Mohammad Reza Mohtarami Fatemeh Farzinnia Babak Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control School of Public HealthTehran University of Medical SciencesIran Department of Emergency Ministry of Health and Medical EducationIran Department of Parasitology and Mycology School of Public HealthTehran University of Medical SciencesIran Healh Center of Qom Qom ProvinceIran

Objective:To determine the sand flies species responsible for most transmission of Leishmania major(L major) to human,as well as to determine the main reservoir hosts of the disease. Methods:Sand flies were collected using sticky papers and mounted in Puri’s medium for species identification.Rodents were trapped by live Sherman traps.Both sand flies and rodents were subjected to molecular methods for detection of leishmanial parasite.Results:Phlebotomus papatasi(P.papatasi) was the common species in outdoor and indoor resting places.Employing PCR technique only three specimens of 150 P.papatasi(2%) were found naturally infected by parasites with a band of 350 bp which is equal to the L major parasite.Forty six rodents were captured by Sherman traps and identified.Microscopic investigation on blood smear of the animals for amastigote parasites revealed 1(3.22%) infected Meriones libycus(M.libycus). Infection of this animal to L.major was confirmed by PCR against rDNA loci of the parasite. Conclusions:This is the first molecular report of parasite infection of both vector(P.papatasi) and reservoir(M.libycus) to L major in the region.The results indicated that P.papatasi was the primary vector of the disease and circulating the parasite between human and reservoirs and M. libycus was the most important host reservoir for maintenance of the parasite source in the area.

关键词： Cutaneous leishmaniasis Vector Reservoir Iran

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Phenology and population dynamics of sand flies in a new focus of visceral leishmaniasis in Eastern Azarbaijan Province,North western of Iran

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2011年第8期4卷 604-609页

作者： Teimour Hazratian Yavar Rassi Mohammad Ali Oshaghi Mohammad Reza Yaghoobi-Ershadi Esmael Fallah Mohammad Reza Shirzadi sina rafizadeh Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control School of Public HeallhTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran Department of Parasitology School of MedicineMedical Science/University of TabrizIran Zoonosis Department Ministry of Health& Medical Education Violence and Injury Prevention Safety Promotion Office Emergency Management CenterMinistry of Health & Medical Education

Objective:To investigate species composition,density,accumulated degree-day and diversity of sand flies during April to October 2010 in Azarshahr district,a new focus of visceral leishmaniasis in north western Iran.Methods:Sand flies were collected using sticky traps biweekly and were stored in 96%ethanol.All specimens were mounted in Puri’s medium for species identification using valid keys of sandflies.The density was calculated by the formula: number of specimens/m of sticky traps and number of specimens/ number of traps.Degree-day was calculated as follows:(Maximum temperature + Minimum temperature)/2—Minimum threshold.Diversity indices of the collected sand flies within different villages were estimated by the Shannon- weaver formula(H’=sum form(i=1) to s Pi log_e Pi ).Results:Totally 5 557 specimens comprising 16 Species(14 Phlebotomus,and 2 Sergentomyia) were indentified.The activity of the species extended from April to October.Common sand-flies in resting places were Phlebotomus papatasi, Phlebotomus sergenti and Phlebotomus mongolensis.The monthly average density was 37.***.41.1, 40.23,30.38 and 30.67 for Almalodash,Jaragil,Segaiesh,Amirdizaj and Germezgol villages, respectively.Accumulated degree-day from early January to late May was approximately 289 degree days.The minimum threshold temperature for calculating of accumulated degree-day was 17.32℃.According on the Shannon-weaver(H’),diversity of sand flies within area study were estimated as 0.917,1.867,1.339,1.673,and 1.562 in Almalodash,Jaragil,Segaiesh,Amirdizaj and Germezgol villages,respectively.Conclusions:This study is the first detailed research in terms of species composition,density,accumulated degree-day and diversity of sand flies in an endemic focus of visceral leishamaniasis in Azarshahr district.The population dynamics of sand flies in Azarshahr district were greatly affected by climatic factors.According to this study the highest activity of the collected sand fly species occurs at the teritary week of August.It could help health author

关键词： Sand fly Visceral leishmaniasis Diversity Degree day Density Iran

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