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Secure Transmission of Compressed Medical Image Sequences on Communication Networks Using Motion Vector Watermarking

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第3期78卷 3283-3301页

作者： rafi ullah Mohd Hilmi bin Hasan Sultan Daud Khan Mussadiq Abdul Rahim Computer and Information Sciences Department Universiti Teknologi PETRONASBandar Seri Iskandar Perak32610Malaysia Department of Computer Science National University of TechnologyIslamabad46000Pakistan Interdisciplinary Research Center for Intelligent Secure Systems King Fahd University of Petroleum and MineralsDammam31261Saudi Arabia

Medical imaging plays a key role within modern hospital management systems for diagnostic *** methodologies are extensively employed to mitigate storage demands and enhance transmission speed,all while upholding image ***,an increasing number of hospitals are embracing cloud computing for patient data storage,necessitating meticulous scrutiny of server security and privacy ***,considering the widespread availability of multimedia tools,the preservation of digital data integrity surpasses the significance of compression *** response to this concern,we propose a secure storage and transmission solution for compressed medical image sequences,such as ultrasound images,utilizing a motion vector watermarking *** watermark is generated employing an error-correcting code known as Bose-Chaudhuri-Hocquenghem(BCH)and is subsequently embedded into the compressed sequence via block-based motion *** the process of watermark embedding,motion vectors are selected based on their magnitude and phase *** embedding watermarks,no specific spatial area,such as a region of interest(ROI),is used in the *** embedding of watermark bits is dependent on motion *** reversible watermarking allows the restoration of the original image sequences,we use the irreversible watermarking *** reason for this is that the use of reversible watermarks may impede the claims of ownership and legal *** restoration of original data or images may call into question ownership or other legal *** peak signal-to-noise ratio(PSNR)and structural similarity index(SSIM)serve as metrics for evaluating the watermarked image *** all images,the PSNR value exceeds 46 dB,and the SSIM value exceeds *** results substantiate the efficacy of the proposed technique in preserving data integrity.

关键词： Block matching algorithm(BMA) compression full-search algorithm motion vectors ultrasound image sequence watermarking

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Robust Counting in Overcrowded Scenes Using Batch-Free Normalized Deep ConvNet

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Computer Systems Science & Engineering 2023年第9期46卷 2741-2754页

作者： Sana Zahir rafi ullah Khan Mohib ullah Muhammad Ishaq Naqqash Dilshad Amin ullah Mi Young Lee Institute of Computer Sciences and Information Technology(ICS/IT) The University of AgriculturePeshawar25130Khyber PakhtunkhwaPakistan Department of Convergence Engineering for Intelligent Drone Sejong UniversitySeoul05006Korea Collaborative Robotics and Intelligent Systems(CoRIS)Institute Oregon State UniversityORUSA Department of Software Sejong UniversitySeoul05006Korea

The analysis of overcrowded areas is essential for flow monitoring,assembly control,and *** counting’s primary goal is to calculate the population in a given region,which requires real-time analysis of congested scenes for prompt reactionary *** crowd is always unexpected,and the benchmarked available datasets have a lot of variation,which limits the trained models’performance on unseen test *** this paper,we proposed an end-to-end deep neural network that takes an input image and generates a density map of a crowd *** proposed model consists of encoder and decoder networks comprising batch-free normalization layers known as evolving normalization(EvoNorm).This allows our network to be generalized for unseen data because EvoNorm is not using statistics from the training *** decoder network uses dilated 2D convolutional layers to provide large receptive fields and fewer parameters,which enables real-time processing and solves the density drift problem due to its large receptive *** benchmark datasets are used in this study to assess the proposed model,resulting in the conclusion that it outperforms conventional models.

关键词： Artificial intelligence deep learning crowd counting scene understanding

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Distribution pattern and ecological determinants of an invasive plant Parthenium hysterophorus L., in Malakand division of Pakistan

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Journal of Mountain Science 2020年第7期17卷 1670-1683页

作者： Nasrullah KHAN Khudija BIBI rafi ullah Department of Botany University of MalakandChakdara 18800 District Dir LowerKhyber PakhtunkhwaPakistan Swiss Federal Institute for Forest Snow and Landscape ResearchZuercherstrasse 1118903BirmensdorfSwitzerland

After habitat loss,drastic effects of biological invasion caused by alien invasive species to the native biodiversity have been acknowledged worldwide by the agriculturists,ecologists,and governments as it is more overwhelming than pollution,harvest and disease *** such example of biological invasion is *** which is considered to be one of the topmost noxious weeds threatening ecosystems diversity in the world,particularly in Pakistan due to its invasive success and generalist *** no studies have explored the pattern and determinants of plant biodiversity in the Parthenium dominated *** we explored the current distribution pattern of this species with relation to environmental variables in the Malakand division of northern ***-three sites dominated by *** were identified through a participatory mapping process combined with traditional ecological knowledge and quantitative inventories were *** total,we found 62 plant species in 55 genera and 32 families,predominately from Asteraceae,Poaceae,and ***’s agglomerative clustering procedure showed three well-differentiated,and ecologically meaningful but overlapping vegetation *** was found to be the leading species with an average Importance value ranging from 33.28%to 65.59%.Based on our criteria,surprisingly we found significantly less to be fully(30%)or partially invaded(21%)than the less invaded(47%)plots,indicating the gradual invasive success of the species across the *** Correspondence Analysis(CCA-ordination)has explained 36.9%of the cumulative variance by the first three axes and identified elevation(r=-0.526),slope(r=0.438)and percent sand(r=-0.474)to be the major environmental factors affecting the distribution of *** and associated *** results suggested that elevation and percent sand negatively affect Parthenium distribution whereas slope has a positive relationship

关键词： Habitat lost Biological invasion Parthenium hysterophorus Multivariate analysis Conservation and Management

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Heavy ion ranges from first-principles electron dynamics

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npj Computational Materials 2019年第1期5卷 799-805页

作者： Andrea E.Sand rafi ullah Alfredo A.Correa Department of Physics University of HelsinkiP.O.Box 43FI-00014 HelsinkiFinland Quantum Simulations Group Lawrence Livermore National LaboratoryLivermoreCA 94550USA CIC nanoGUNE Ave.Tolosa 7620018 Donostia-San SebastiánSpain Departamento de Física de Materiales UPV/EHUPaseo Manuel de Lardizabal 320018 Donostia-San SebastiánSpain

The effects of incident energetic particles,and the modification of materials under irradiation,are governed by the mechanisms of energy losses of ions in *** complex processes affecting projectiles spanning many orders of magnitude in energy depend on both ion and electron *** multi-scale modeling methods that correctly capture the relevant processes is crucial for predicting radiation effects in diverse *** this work,we obtain channeling ion ranges for tungsten,a prototypical heavy ion,by explicitly simulating ion trajectories with a method that takes into account both the nuclear and the electronic stopping *** electronic stopping power of self-ion irradiated tungsten is obtained from first-principles timedependent density functional theory(TDDFT).Although the TDDFT calculations predict a lower stopping power than SRIM by a factor of three,our result shows very good agreement in a direct comparison with ion range *** results demonstrate the validity of the TDDFT method for determining electronic energy losses of heavy projectiles,and in turn its viability for the study of radiation damage.

关键词： stopping governed dynamics

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Microstructure Evolution and Mechanical Behavior of Laser Melting Deposited TA15 Alloy at 500℃ under In-Situ Tension in SEM

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2021年第9期34卷 1201-1212页

作者： Muhammad Rizwan Junxia Lu Fei Chen Ruxia Chai rafi ullah Yuefei Zhang Ze Zhang Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing Beijing University of TechnologyBeijing 100124China Beijing Key Laboratory of Special Elastomer Composite Materials College of Materials Science and EngineeringBeijing Institute of Petrochemical TechnologyBeijing 102617China Department of Materials Science and Engineering Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China

TA15 alloy fabricated by laser melting deposition was investigated at 500℃ under tensile deformation. The damage behavior of microstructure was analyzed by the real time observation of the microstructure evolution, microcracks initiation and propagation using in-situ tensile equipment fitted in the SEM chamber. Finally, the mechanism of fracture was discussed. The result showed anisotropic mechanical properties in X-and Z-direction. The existence of columnar β grains and its orientation to the tensile direction were the major factors inducing the anisotropic mechanical properties. As compared to Z-direction specimen, high tensile strength was observed in X-direction specimen due to the resistance in slips propagation provided by the prior-β grain boundaries( β GBs). Accumulation of the cracks at prior β GB caused the shear fracture. In case of Z-direction specimen, parallel orientation of prior β GB and GB α with the tensile direction resulted in a homogeneous deformation. The high reduction of cross section showed the enhanced ductile characteristics at high temperature.

关键词： TA15 alloy In-situ tensile High temperature mechanical property Fracture Laser additive manufacturing Crack propagation

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基于不同场景的海上和公路交通事故风险评估

基于不同场景的海上和公路交通事故风险评估

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作者： rafi ullah Khan 上海交通大学

学位级别：硕士

交通运输促进了货物的快速供应以及人员远距离的流动,大规模的交通运输提高了人们的生活质量和资源的可利用性和优化性。陆上和海事的交通量都在不断增加,并被认为是货物和人员运输中最主要的参与者。然而,如此高的交通量和增量随之而... 详细信息

交通运输促进了货物的快速供应以及人员远距离的流动,大规模的交通运输提高了人们的生活质量和资源的可利用性和优化性。陆上和海事的交通量都在不断增加,并被认为是货物和人员运输中最主要的参与者。然而,如此高的交通量和增量随之而来的是事故的频繁发生。海陆交通事故造成了宝贵的生命和巨大的经济损失,每年全世界都要遭受数十亿美元的经济损失和数十万条宝贵的生命,而环境损失更是雪上加霜。为了减少此类事故的发生频率和严重程度,需要对其进行适当的评估,对事故致因进行分类可以更好的解决此类问题。尽管对于这些事故按其成因因素分类的统计分布还没有达成共识。然而各种人为因素、不同的环境和地理因素、各种船舶和车辆问题以及随船设备运输的不同材料被认为是造成此类事故的最重要因素。然而仍有一些情况和领域从未或很少被探讨,需要进一步注意评估。本研究针对不同情境下交通事故风险进行了评估。第一个重点是危险品船舶的停泊,这一主题以前从未或很少有人探讨过。本研究采用二元logistics回归与专家判断相结合的方法来识别各种影响因素,并结合贝叶斯网络对这些因素进行推理与分析。结果表明,在正常情况下,危险品货船的靠泊风险概率为3.97%。利用贝叶斯网络的反向传播特性表明,对于危险品船舶事故的发生,人和环境是最重要的因素。对船舶工作人员的心理状态、风力、水流速度、航道宽度、泊位布局和港口位置等方面的提升,是保证危险品船舶安全靠泊最重要的因素。其次,本研究进一步对船舶航行港口外水域进行事故风险评估,港口外巨大的交通流将导致高事故率。并且以香港为例,通过1999年至2017年期间在香港水域发生的331个事故报告构建了贝叶斯网络模型,采用由专家判断确定节点和状态的方法,根据事故报告中的真实数据计算概率和条件概率表。结果表明,事故发生率最高的是“其他”事故和“碰撞”,这两种类型的事故都将造成较高人员伤亡。人为因素中影响最大的因素是判断力差、疏忽大意和训练不足。事故率最高的是客船。研究结果对各种事故情景提供了有价值的见解,包括在不同的后果状态和事故类型下设置证据,以确定最显著的影响因素。同时本文进行了参数敏感性分析,以识别最关键的变量。这项研究证明有助于决策者和政策制定者寻求提高港口外交通可持续安全的方法。本研究选择的第三种情景是前面提到的因素对公路交通的影响,车辆流量的增加也增加了高速公路的事故频率。而对于巴基斯坦主要公路交通事故频率的分析是一个仅有较少学者研究的课题,在许多重要的战略和贸易路线方面都没有进行研究。本研究旨在分析国家重要贸易路线之一——印度河公路302公里路段的交通事故频率及造成交通事故的主要因素。将2011年至2018年的8年数据分为19个变量,运用SPSS软件的负二项回归分析,结果表明,驾驶员的行为、对风险的理解和识别、过失和遵守法律对碰撞频率有显著影响。此外,随着路段长度、车道数和车道宽度的增加,高速公路碰撞频率显著增加。同样,当光照、路面和气候条件恶化时,公路碰撞频率也显著增加。本研究结果对于政府、运输公司及社会大众认识交通事故致因的主要因素,并制定相应的交通政策、规则,具有重要意义。

关键词：事故风险评估因果关系贝叶斯网络后果严重性交通安全

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Exogenous carbon monoxide produces rapid antidepressant-and anxiolytic-like effects

Exogenous carbon monoxide produces rapid antidepressant-and ...

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2019中国生理学会学术年会暨张锡钧基金第十五届全国青...

作者： rafi ullah Xidi Ma Yipu Zhang Yuan Gao Li Song 史海水 Neuroscience Research Center Hebei Medical University Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology College of Basic MedicineHebei Medical University

Carbon monoxide（CO）, one of the main products of heme oxygenase-1（HO-1）, has been reported to exert significantly protective effects in various neuropathological processes by attenuating inflammatory response and/or promoting ***, the precise roles of CO in depression are still *** hydrogen peroxide（H2 O2）-induced PC12 cell injury model and LPS-induced depression mice model, combined with adeno-associated virus（AAV）-mediated overexpression of HO-1, systemic CO-releasing molecule（CORM）, CO-rich saline or CO gas treatment procedures, the present study aimed to investigate the potential antidepressant-and anxiolytic-like effects of endogenous and exogenous CO administration in vivo and in *** result showed that AAV-mediated HO-1 overexpression in dorsal hippocampus produced significant antidepressant-and anxiolytic-like activities in mice under normal *** vitro experimental results showed that both CORM-3 and CORM-A1 pretreatment could block H2 O2-induced cellular injuries, reflected by increased cellular survival, decreased cellular apoptosis and *** to overexpression of HO-1, systemic pretreatment with CORM-3, CO gas or CO-rich saline could also produce significant antidepressant-and anxiolytic-like activities in ***, systemic COgas pretreatment could significantly block lipopolysaccharide（LPS）-induced depression-and anxiety-like behaviors in ***, our present findings provide direct evidence, for the first time, that activation of HO-1 and/or exogenous CO administration could produce protective effects and exert significant antidepressant-and anxiolytic-lieke effects, highlighting that the HO-1/CO system, especially CO application could be a promising therapeutic target for treatment of depression and anxiety.

关键词： Carbon monoxide Heme oxygenase-1 Depression Anxiety CORM

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A 10-year review and epidemiology of animal bite cases in Gerash city, south of Iran: A retrospective cross-sectional study

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Journal of Acute Disease 2024年第1期13卷 20-25页

作者： Mohammad-rafi Bazrafshan Esmaeil Kavi Negar Shahkarami Mohammad Nowrouzi Fereidoun Jahangir Hajar Haghshenas Department of Nursing School of NursingLarestan University of Medical SciencesLarestanIran Clinical Education Research Center Department of Medical EducationSchool of MedicineShiraz University of Medical SciencesShirazIran School of Allied Medical Sciences Fasa University of Medical SciencesFasaIran Division of Health Center Gerash University of Medical SciencesGerashIran Kerman University of Medical Sciences KermanIran Shiraz University of Medical Sciences ShirazIran Department of Nursing School of NursingGerash University of Medical SciencesGerashIran

Objective:To determine the temporal trend and epidemiology of animal bite cases in Gerash City,***:This retrospective cross-sectional study analyzed 630 cases of people with animal bites between 2011 and 2021 in Gerash *** collected data were analyzed using Chi-square ***:The mean age of victims was(30.9±17.5)years.80.54%Of victims were male,39.70%were self-employed,and 64.60%were adults(≥18 years).Most cases of bites occurred in 2019(91 cases),2020(74 cases)and 2021(87 cases),and most of the bites were related to the upper limbs(62.70%).Most of the wounds were superficial(78%),most of the biting animals were domestic animals(91.74%),and most of the victims had Iranian nationality(97.62%).Conclusions:Given the increasing trend of animal bites in Gerash City,health authorities should carry out basic measures such as education and awareness among the public,especially at-risk groups such as adult ***,since most cases of bites are due to dogs,it seems necessary to plan for vaccination of dogs,especially those with owners.

关键词： Animal bite Gerash Time trend Disease Epidemiology Rabies

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全髋关节置换前人工智能(AI)规划的作用与意义

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中国组织工程研究 2024年第9期28卷 1372-1377页

作者：闵美鹏吴进 URBA rafi 张文杰高嘉王云华何斌范磊南京医科大学第二附属医院骨科江苏省南京市210011

背景:传统X射线胶片术前规划常常不准确,会导致一些术中和术后并发症,增加了手术时间和术中出血量,一定程度影响了全髋关节置换的手术效果。目的:研究人工智能(AI)术前规划在全髋关节置换术中的准确性和应用效果。方法:选取患侧初次行... 详细信息

背景:传统X射线胶片术前规划常常不准确,会导致一些术中和术后并发症,增加了手术时间和术中出血量,一定程度影响了全髋关节置换的手术效果。目的:研究人工智能(AI)术前规划在全髋关节置换术中的准确性和应用效果。方法:选取患侧初次行全髋关节置换的患者60例,其中30例应用人工智能(AI)三维术前规划为试验组、30例应用传统X射线胶片二维术前规划为对照组,两组患者的性别、年龄、病情等一般资料比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。比较两组患者术中实际安放假体与术前规划假体匹配情况、术中手术时间、术中出血量、术后即刻双侧股骨偏心距差值、双侧联合偏心距差值及双下肢长度差值和术后3个月Harris评分,分析两种术前规划的准确性和应用效果。结果与结论:①两组患者均获得术后4-6个月的随访,其中对照组有1例患者于术后5 d发生假体后脱位,行手法复位后恢复,无再次脱出,其余患者均未出现术后并发症及术后死亡;②髋臼侧、股骨侧假体完全匹配率:试验组明显优于对照组(P0.05);⑤试验组患者术后3个月Harris评分明显高于对照组患者(P<0.05);⑥结果说明,人工智能(AI)术前规划相较于传统胶片规划,更能准确预测假体型号、缩短手术时间、减少术中出血量、减少术后双下肢不等长发生、加快术后康复。

关键词：人工智能(AI) 全髋关节置换术术前规划模板测量假体

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Climatic Changes and Their Effect on Wildlife of District Dir Lower, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

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Journal of Atmospheric Science Research 2020年第4期3卷 38-43页

作者： Asad ullah Sayyed Iftekhar Ahmad rafi ullah Atta ullah Khan Sikandar Khan Waheed ullah Abdul Waris Department of Environmental Sciences Government Degree College Gulabad ChakdaraDir LowerPakistan Plant Ecology and Dendroecology Labartory Department of BotanyUniversity of MalakandPakistan Department of Biotechnology University of Malakand ChakdaraDir LowerPakistan Pakistan forest Institute University of PeshawarPakistan Department of Environmental Science COMSATS University IslamabadAbbotabad CampusPakistan Department of Biotechnology Quaid-i-Azam University IslamabadPakistan

Climatic changes and their impact are increasingly evident in Pakistan,especially in the mountainous regions. Mountain ecosystems are consideredto be sensitive indicators of global warming;even slight variationsin temperature can lead to significant shifts in local climate, which can,in turn, drastically affect the natural environment, subsequently alteringpeople’s lifestyle and wildlife habitats. The targeted area for the presentresearch was Lower Dir District, Pakistan. The study gathered the requiredinformation from primary and secondary sources. Secondary dataon temperature and precipitation were obtained from various sources,i.e., local CBO, including WWF Pakistan. Based on information gatheredon climate change and wildlife, a detailed questionnaire was *** showed that no regular pattern of the increase was found in temperaturefrom 2010 to 2018;the same was noticed in the rainfall decreasepattern. Results also showed that the leading causes behind climaticchanges are an increase in greenhouse gases due to pollution by industries,vehicles, crushing plants, deforestation, and some natural phenomenasuch as floods. The study showed that more than 80% of the respondentsagreed that climatic effects have a significant impact on wildlife, i.e.,the existence of wildlife falls in danger due to climatic changes as it maylead to habitat change, making it difficult for the survival and adaptationof the wildlife. Hence, in consequence, it leads to migration, low growthrate, an increase in morbidity and mortality rate, and finally leading to theextinction of the species or population. It is concluded from the study thatpeople are severely noticing the climatic change and its leading causesare greenhouse gases and deforestation. To control climatic changes andwildlife extinction, we need an appropriate policy for forest conservation,wildlife conservation, prevent hunting, industrial pollution control, vehiclepollution control, increase in plantation, awareness of

关键词： Climate change Wildlife Temperature Rainfall Lower Dir Pakistan

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