检索结果-南通市图书馆

Induction of oxidative stress in human aqueous and vitreous humors by Nd:YAG laser posterior capsulotomy

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2018年第7期11卷 1145-1151页

作者： Loredana BergANDi Oleksii A Skorokhod Federica Franzone Rosalba La Grotta Evelin Schwarzer raffaele nuzzi Department of Oncology University of Torino Department of Molecular Biosciences the Wenner-Gren Institute Stockholm University Eye Clinic Section and Specialization School in Ophthalmology Department of Surgical Sciences University of Torino

AIM： To evaluate whether the Q-switched Nd：YAG laser treatment applied in routine capsulotomy elicits oxidative stress in aqueous and vitreous humors. METHODS： Thirty-six patients who had to undergo a 25 gauge pars plana vitrectomy due to vitreoretinal disorders were enrolled, 15 of them underwent a Q-switched Nd：YAG laser capsulotomy 7 d before vitrectomy due to posterior capsule opacification（PCO）（Nd：YAG laser group） while the remaining 21 patients were not laser treated before vitrectomy（no Nd：YAG laser group）. Samples of the aqueous and vitreous humors were collected during vitrectomy from all patients for the assessment of oxidative parameters which were compared between the Nd：YAG laser group and no Nd：YAG laser group. Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances（TBARS）, a product of membrane lipid peroxidation, nitrite levels, the antioxidative activities of SOD and catalase, the 4-HNE-protein conjugate formation, indicating structural modifications in proteins due to lipoperoxidation, were assessed in aqueous and vitreous samples. RESULTS： In the human vitreous humor TBARS levels are significantly higher in the Nd：YAG laser group compared to the no Nd：YAG laser group and importantly, there is a significant correlation between the TBARS levels and the total energy of Nd：YAG laser used during *** the anti-oxidative activities of SOD and catalase were significantly decreased by Nd：YAG laser treatment, both in aqueous and vitreous humors. In accordance with the TBARS data and anti-oxidative enzyme activities, significantly higher levels of proteins were conjugated with the lipoperoxidation product 4-HNE in the aqueous and vitreous humors in the Nd：YAG laser-treated group in comparison to no Nd：YAG laser group. CONCLUSION： These data, clearly suggest that any change that Q-switched Nd：YAG photo disruption may cause in the aqueous and vitreous compartments, resulting in a higher level of oxidative damage might be of considerable clinical significance

关键词： posterior capsule opacification Q-switched Nd:YAG laser oxidative stress vitrectomy

Pancreatic cancer:Future challenges and new perspectives for an early diagnosis

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

World Journal of Clinical Oncology 2025年第2期16卷 1-8页

作者： Silvia Cocca Giuseppina Pontillo Marinella Lupo raffaele Lieto Margherita Marocchi Maria Marsico Emanuela Dell'Aquila Santi Mangiafico Giuseppe Grande Rita Conigliaro Helga Bertani Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Policlinico di ModenaModena 41121Italy Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit Presidio Ospedaliero San Giuseppe Moscati(AversaCE)–ASL CasertaCaserta 81100Italy Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery University of Naples Federico IINaples 80131CampaniaItaly Department of Medical Oncology 1 IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer InstituteRome 0144Italy Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Policlinico“G Rodolico–San Marco”Catania 95123SiciliaItaly

This editorial is a commentary on the case report by Furuya et al focusing on the challenging diagnosis of early pancreatic adenocarcinoma and new tools for an earlier ***,pancreatic cancer still has a poor prognosis,mainly due to late diagnosis in an advanced *** main precancerous routes have been identified as pathways to pancreatic adenocarcinoma:The first encompasses a large group of mucinous cystic lesions:intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm and mucinous cystic neoplasm,and the second is pancreatic intraepithelial *** the last decade the focus of research has been to identify high-risk patients,using advanced imaging techniques(magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography or endoscopic ultrasonography)which could be helpful in finding“indirect signs”of early stage pancreatic ***,the survival rate still remains poor,and alternative screening methods are under *** retrograde cholangiopancreatography followed by serial pancreatic juice aspiration cytology could be a promising tool for identifying precursor lesions such as intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm,but confirming data are still needed to validate its *** a combination of cross-sectional imaging,endoscopic techniques(old and new ones)and genetic and biological biomarkers also in pancreatic juice)could be the best solution to reach an early *** could help to predict and follow the progression of early pancreatic ***,further studies are needed to validate their diagnostic reliability and to establish diagnostic algorithms to improve prognosis and survival in patients with pancreatic cancer.

关键词： Pancreatic cancer Endoscopic ultrasonography Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography Serial pancreatic-juice aspiration cytologic examination

A multi-class time-dependent model for the analysis of waiting phenomena at a motorway tollgate

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2021年第2期8卷 237-256页

作者： Andrea Pompigna raffaele Mauro Department of Civil Environmental and Mechanical EngineeringUniversity of TrentoTrento 38123Italy

The planning, design and operational management of motorway toll booths are of great interest in traffic engineering, as these facilities directly influence the quality of the service offered to users. This paper focuses on a time-dependent queue model based on the coordinates transformation criterion for operations assessment at a motorway tollgate. This model allows to face the whole spectrum of situations that may characterize a toll booth,some of which often fall outside the boundaries of the probabilistic theory for stationary *** paper proposes an M=G=1 multi-class queue model for the evaluation of evolutionary profiles of waiting times and queue lengths by closed-form equations. The results obtained for three numerical test cases show a good approximation level, compared with the mean values of queue parameters obtained reiterating a discrete-state simulation *** proposed time-dependent equations will be useful in technical cases, allowing to operate quickly and compactly even when probabilistic queue theory is not applicable or produce unrealistic results, and the burden of complexity of the simulation approach is not conveniently absorbable. The discussion highlights a significant flexibility of the model proposed in addressing situations with conventional vehicles, i.e., with total human control and proposes some considerations for application in future scenarios with the presence of connected vehicles(CVs).

关键词： Traffic engineering Time-dependent queue model Shared queue Coordinate transformation method Tollgate

State of the art and computational aspects of time-dependent waiting models for non-signalised intersections

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2020年第6期7卷 808-831页

作者： raffaele Mauro Andrea Pompigna Department of Civil Environmental and Mechanical EngineeringUniversity of TrentoTrento 38123Italy

Time-dependent models are of great importance in highway engineering as they are appropriate for evaluating waiting times and queue lengths at intersections,which are integral parts of various activities in planning,verification and decision support for *** reviewing the literature of the main time-dependent models based on the coordinate transformation method and a discussion about some computational issues in time-evolution profiles for non-signalised intersections,the paper identifies the requirements these models have to satisfy in order to be used as"basic"cases for analysing complex evolutionary ***"basic"cases are presented with their timedependent equations for vehicle waiting times and vehicle number;they have been completed and dimensionally homogenised in this *** they are recursive,these formulas can be applied for sequential intervals in the time domain in both vehicles and passenger car *** closed-form expressions for state variables show to be mutually equivalent in comparison with discrete event simulation models and imbedded Markov chain *** all the three models the paper presents a common deterministic simplification for average waiting time,with good approximation results in the tested *** proposed time-dependent formulas will contribute to a better adherence to the real phenomena,compared to the extremely simplified and unrealistic methods suggested by the international manuals for level of service *** proposed formulas will be useful for current applications and possible future development in order to meet the emerging needs of road and transport engineering.

关键词： Traffic engineering Priority system Non-signalised intersections Time-dependent queue model Shared queue delay Coordinate transformation method

Decentralized Control for Residential Energy Management of a Smart Users' Microgrid with Renewable Energy Exchange

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2019年第3期6卷 641-656页

作者： raffaele Carli Mariagrazia Dotoli IEEE the Department of Electrical and Information Engineering of the Polytechnic of Bari

This paper presents a decentralized control strategy for the scheduling of electrical energy activities of a microgrid composed of smart homes connected to a distributor and exchanging renewable energy produced by individually owned distributed energy resources. The scheduling problem is stated and solved with the aim of reducing the overall energy supply from the grid, by allowing users to exchange the surplus renewable energy and by optimally planning users' controllable loads. We assume that each smart home can both buy/sell energy from/to the grid taking into account time-varying non-linear pricing signals. Simultaneously, smart homes cooperate and may buy/sell locally harvested renewable energy from/to other smart homes. The resulting optimization problem is formulated as a non-convex non-linear programming problem with a coupling of decision variables in the constraints. The proposed solution is based on a novel heuristic iterative decentralized scheme algorithm that suitably extends the Alternating Direction Method of Multipliers to a non-convex and decentralized setting. We discuss the conditions that guarantee the convergence of the presented algorithm. Finally, the application of the proposed technique to a case study under several scenarios shows its effectiveness.

关键词： Alternating direction method of multipliers decentralized control energy management microgrid non-convex optimization renewable energy residential energy management smart homes

Is diabetes mellitus a risk factor for pancreatic cancer?

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第30期19卷 4861-4866页

作者： raffaele Pezzilli Nico Pagano Department of Digestive Diseases and Internal Medicine Sant'Orsola-Malpighi Hospital40138 BolognaItaly

The relationship between diabetes mellitus and the risk of pancreatic cancer has been a matter of study for a long period of *** importance of this topic is due to two main causes:the possible use of recent onset diabetes as a marker of the disease and,in particular,as a specific marker of pancreatic cancer,and the selection of a population at risk for pancreatic ***,we decided to make an in-depth study of this topic;thus,we carried out an extensive literature search in order to re-assess the current knowledge on this *** if diabetes is found a decade before the appearance of pancreatic cancer as reported in meta-analytic studies,we cannot select those patients already having non detectable pancreatic cancer,at least with the imaging and biological techniques available *** believe that more studies are necessary in order to definitively identify diabetes mellitus as a risk factor for pancreatic cancer taking into consideration that approximately 10 years are needed to diagnose symptomatic pancreatic *** present,the answer to the as to whether diabetes and pancreatic cancer comes first similar to the adage of the chicken and the egg is that diabetes is the egg.

关键词： Diabetes mellitus Obesity Pancreatic neoplasms Risk factors Clinical studies

Approximate Dynamic Programming for Stochastic Resource Allocation Problems

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2020年第4期7卷 975-990页

作者： Ali Forootani raffaele Iervolino Massimo Tipaldi Joshua Neilson the Hamilton Institute Maynooth UniversityCo.Kildare W23 F2K8Ireland the Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology University of NaplesNapoli 80125Italy the Department of Engineering University of SannioBenevento 82100Italy

A stochastic resource allocation model, based on the principles of Markov decision processes(MDPs), is proposed in this paper. In particular, a general-purpose framework is developed, which takes into account resource requests for both instant and future needs. The considered framework can handle two types of reservations(i.e., specified and unspecified time interval reservation requests), and implement an overbooking business strategy to further increase business revenues. The resulting dynamic pricing problems can be regarded as sequential decision-making problems under uncertainty, which is solved by means of stochastic dynamic programming(DP) based algorithms. In this regard, Bellman’s backward principle of optimality is exploited in order to provide all the implementation mechanisms for the proposed reservation pricing algorithm. The curse of dimensionality, as the inevitable issue of the DP both for instant resource requests and future resource reservations,occurs. In particular, an approximate dynamic programming(ADP) technique based on linear function approximations is applied to solve such scalability issues. Several examples are provided to show the effectiveness of the proposed approach.

关键词： Approximate dynamic programming(ADP) dynamic programming(DP) Markov decision processes(MDPs) resource allocation problem

Not only myelination: the immune-inflammatory functions of oligodendrocytes

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第12期17卷 2661-2663页

作者： Marta Boccazzi Stefano raffaele Marta Fumagalli Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences Universitàdegli Studi di MilanoMilanItaly

Oligodendrocytes(OLs)are highly specialized cells of the central nervous system(CNS).Their primary and most investigated role is to form myelin,a multilamellar fatty membrane that enwraps axons ensuring their insulation and the saltatory conduction of nerve *** formation of myelin is a complex process during which the OL precursor cells(OPCs,also known as NG2-glia)become mature OLs through a highly regulated program of *** addition,OPCs persist in the adult grey and white matter parenchyma,representing approximately 6%of the total number of CNS *** their role in myelin generation and turn-over,it is now clear that OPCs have the capability to control tissue homeostasis and to sense and react to inflammation which characterizes many neurological diseases.

关键词： myelin cytes homeostasis

Cattle change plant reproductive phenology,promoting community changes in a post-fire Nothofagus forest in northern Patagonia,Argentina

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Plant Ecology 2013年第6期6卷 459-467页

作者： Manuel de Paz Estela raffaele Laboratorio Ecotono INIBIOMACONICET-Universidad Nacional del ComahueQuintral 1250San Carlos de BarilocheRio Negro 8400Argentina

Aims Variations in rates and length of flowering and fruiting not only affect the reproduction of a given plant species but also the behavior and reproduction of associated *** and fruiting variations may be influenced by herbivory,especially by large *** aim of this study was to determine the effects of cattle browsing on the reproductive phenology of understory species in a subalpine post-fire Nothofagus forest in *** The effects of herbivory on plant reproductive phenology were studied in a set of experimental exclosures(fenced plots)installed since 2001 in a post-fire *** forest,located in Nahuel Huapi National Park(NHNP),*** monitored the beginning and duration of each reproductive phenological stage:floral bud,open flower,immature fruit and mature *** also counted the number of flowers,fruits,seeds and viable seeds of the dominant plants to assess whether browsing modifies temporal patterns of the flowering and fruiting *** Findings Cattle reduced the total number of species flowering and fruiting and changed the reproductive phenology of some *** found that palatable species seem to be negatively affected by browsing in terms of reduced fitness due to changes in flowering and fruiting *** contrast,cattle benefitted the reproduction of non-palatable species and could promote the invasion of shade-intolerant exotic forbs such as Cirsium *** effects of livestock reported in this study are important to understanding how browsing could alter native species establishment and possibly alter successional trajectories during recolonization after fire.

关键词： plant fitness livestock browsing flowering fruiting