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Concentrated suspensions of Brownian beads in water: dynamic heterogeneities through a simple experimental technique

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2019年第10期62卷 33-44页

作者： raffaele Pastore Marco Caggioni Domenico Larobina Luigi Santamaria Amato Francesco Greco Department of Chemical Materials and Production EngineeringUniversity of Naples FedericoⅡNapoli 80125Italy Corporate Engineering The Procter&Gamble CompanyCincinnatiWest Chester OH 45069USA Institute for Polymers Composites and BiomaterialsNational Research Council of ItalyNapoli 80055Italy ASI Agenzia Spaziale ItalianaCentro di Geodesia SpazialeMatera 75100Italy

Concentrated suspensions of Brownian hard-spheres in water are an epitome for understanding the glassy dynamics of both soft materials and supercooled molecular liquids. From an experimental point of view, such systems are especially suited to perform particle tracking easily, and, therefore, are a benchmark for novel optical techniques, applicable when primary particles cannot be resolved. differential variance analysis（DVA） is one such novel technique that simplifies significantly the characterization of structural relaxation processes of soft glassy materials, since it is directly applicable to digital image sequences of the sample. DVA succeeds in monitoring not only the average dynamics, but also its spatio-temporal fluctuations, known as dynamic heterogeneities. In this work, we study the dynamics of dense suspensions of Brownian beads in water, imaged through digital video-microscopy, by using both DVA and single-particle tracking. We focus on two commonly used signatures of dynamic heterogeneities: the dynamic susceptibility, χ4, and the non-Gaussian parameter, α2. By direct comparison of these two quantities,we are able to highlight similarities and differences. We do confirm that χ4 and α2 provide qualitatively similar information, but we find quantitative discrepancies in the scalings of characteristic time and length scale on approaching the glass transition.

关键词： glass transition structural relaxation dynamic heterogeneities colloidal glasses

Exploring the silvicultural and economic viability of gap cutting in Mediterranean softwood plantations

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Forestry Studies in China 2012年第1期14卷 63-69页

作者： Roberto MERCURIO raffaele SPINELLI Department of Agricultural and Forest Systems Management Mediterranean UniversityFeo di Vito89122 Reggio CalabriaItaly CNR IVALSA Via Madonna del Piano 10Sesto Fiorentino (FI)Italy

Gap cutting consists of the removal of all trees growing on a small surface, varying in size from 200 to 600 m2. In Italy, gap cutting has been successfully tested for introducing the natural regeneration of native species into softwood plantations, thus ac- celerating the transition towards climax hardwood stands. Depending on plantation types and conditions, gap cutting should be start- ed at an age between 70 and 80 years and the system should include at least 12 to 15 gaps, in order to produce enough wood to cover costs. Generally, natural regeneration is firmly established within 5-7 years from treatment. Gap cutting also offers superior results to selection thinning, the latter producing about 35% less value and incurring 25% to 30% more costs. As for all regeneration cuts, the success of gap cutting depends on wildlife control in order to prevent extensive damage to the regeneration.

关键词： gap cutting regeneration plantations economics technology

Twin-Wire Networks for Zero Interconnect,High-Density 4-Wire Electrical Characterizations of Materials

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Research 2022年第2期2022卷 225-234页

作者： Nerio Andres Montoya Valeria Criscuolo Andrea Lo Presti raffaele Vecchione Christian Falconi Department of Electronic Engincering University of Rome Tor VergataVia del Politecnico 1Roma 00133Italy School of Physics Universidad Nacional de ColombiaA.A.3840 MedellinColombia Center for Advanced Biomaterial for Health Care Istituto Italiano di TecnologiaLargo Barsantie Matteucci 53Naples 80125Italy

Four-wire measurements have been introduced by Lord Kelvin in 1861 and have since become the standard technique for characterizing small resistances and ***,high-density 4-wire measurements are generally complex,time-consuming,and inefficient because of constraints on interconnects,pads,external wires,and mechanical contacts,thus reducing reproducibility,statistical significance,and throu ***,we introduce,systematically design,analyze,and experimentally validate zero interconnect networks interfaced to external instrumentation by couples of twin wire.3D-printed holders with magnets,interconnects,nonadhesive layers,and spacers can effortlessly establish excellent electrical connections with tunable or minimum contact forces and enable accurate measurements even for delicate devices,such as thin metals on soft *** an example,we measured all the resistances of a twin-wire 29-resistor network made of silver-nanoparticle ink printed on polyimide,paper,or photo paper,including during sintering or temperature calibration,resulting in anunprecedentedly easy and accurate characterization of both resistivity and its temperature *** theoretical framework and experimental strategies reported here represent a breakthrough toward zero interconnect,simple,and efficient high-density 4-wire characterizations,can be generalized to other 4-wire measurements(impedances,sensors)and can open the way to more statistically meaningful and reproducible analyses of materials,high-throughput measurements,and minimally invasive characterizations of biomaterials.

关键词： impedance characterization breakthrough

Helicobacter pylori gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase and its pathogenic role

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第3期20卷 630-638页

作者： Vittorio Ricci Maria Giannouli Marco Romano raffaele Zarrilli Department of Molecular Medicine Human Physiology SectionUniversity of Pavia Medical School Department of Public Health Hygiene SectionUniversity of Naples "Federico Ⅱ" Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine Chair of GastroenterologySecond University of Naples CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate

Helicobacter pylori(***)gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase(GGT)is a bacterial virulence factor that converts glutamine into glutamate and ammonia,and converts glutathione into glutamate and *** GGT causes glutamine and glutathione consumption in the host cells,ammonia production and reactive oxygen species *** products induce cell-cycle arrest,apoptosis,and necrosis in gastric epithelial *** GGT may also inhibit apoptosis and induce gastric epithelial cell proliferation through the induction of cyclooxygenase-2,epidermal growth factor-related peptides,inducible nitric oxide synthase and *** GGT induces immune tolerance through the inhibition of T cell-mediated immunity and dendritic cell *** effect of GGT on *** colonization and gastric persistence are also discussed.

关键词： Helicobacter pylori Gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase Bacterial virulence factor Gastric epithelial cell damage T cell-mediated immunity

Mixed neuroendocrine non-neuroendocrine tumors:The quest for evidence

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2024年第12期16卷 4532-4536页

作者： Mauro Cives Camillo Porta raffaele Palmirotta Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine University of Bari“Aldo Moro”Bari 70124Italy Department of Medical Oncology AOU Consorziale Policlinico di BariBari 70124Italy

Mixed neuroendocrine non-neuroendocrine neoplasms(MiNENs)are rare mixed tumors containing both neuroendocrine and non-neuroendocrine components that occupy at least 30%of the whole ***,both components appear to derive from an identical cellular precursor undergoing early dual differentiation or late *** our understanding of MiNENs has improved in recent years,many areas of uncertainty *** this context,setting diagnostic criteria capable of capturing the continuum of disease biology while providing clinically meaningful information in terms of prognosis and response to treatments appears vital to advance the field and improve patients’*** is needed to generate robust classification schemes,and multi-institutional cooperation will likely play a crucial role in building adequately powered cohorts to address some of the most pressing questions discussed in this *** is the minimum representation for each component needed to define MiNENs?How can the epidemiology of MiNENs change according to different diagnostic definitions?How can we generate the clinical evidence nee-ded to optimize the management of MiNENs?

关键词： Mixed neuroendocrine non-neuroendocrine neoplasms Neuroendocrine neoplasm Neuroendocrine carcinoma Mixed tumors digestive Gastroenteropancreatic

Hepatocellular carcinoma: Will novel targeted drugs really impact the next future?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第27期22卷 6114-6126页

作者： Liliana Montella Giovannella Palmieri raffaele Addeo Salvatore Del Prete Medical Oncology Unit "San Giovanni di Dio" Hospital Oncology Unit Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery "Federico II" University of Naples

Cancer treatment has been revolutionized by the advent of new molecular targeted and immunotherapeutic agents. Identification of the role of tumor angiogenesis changed the understanding of many tumors. After the unsuccessful results with chemotherapy, sorafenib, by interfering with angiogenic pathways, has become pivotal in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma. Sorafenib is the only systemic treatment to show a modest but statistically significant survival benefit. All novel drugs and strategies for treatment of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma must be compared with the results obtained with sorafenib, but no new drug or drug combination has yet achieved better results. In our opinion, the efforts to impact the natural history of the disease will be directed not only to drug development but also to understanding the underlying liver disease(usually hepatitis B virus- or hepatitis C virus-related) and to interrupting the progression of cirrhosis. It will be important to define the role and amount of mutations in the complex pathogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma and to better integrate locoregional and systemic therapies. It will be important also to optimize the therapeutic strategies with existing chemotherapeutic drugs and new targeted agents.

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma Targeted therapy Pathway Angiogenesis Sorafenib

The role of immunoenzymatic therapy in the management of vestibulodynia associated with painful bladder syndrome

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2013年第4期3卷 16-19页

作者： Filippo Murina raffaele Felice Stefania di Francesco Valeria Mantegazza Outpatient Department of Vulvar disease V. Buzzi Hospital-University of Milan Milan Italy

Background: Vestibulodynia (VBD) and painful bladder syndrome (PBS) are two common and often concomitant conditions. Objective: To assess the effectiveness of an enzymatic combination of papain, bromelain, trypsin, chymotrypsin and quercetin in the supportive treatment of VBD/PBS, patients underwent TENS + amitriptyline and pregabalin therapy as a multimodal treatment strategy. Method: 40 patients were randomly assigned to receive a systemic therapy: amitriptyline + pregabalin (Group A) versus amitriptyline + Pregabalin plus a systemic enzyme preparation (Group B). All patients received a transcutaneous electric nerve stimulation (TENS) therapy in a self-administered domiciliary protocol. Results: The VAS and the dyspareunia score after the treatment showed a significant difference in the two groups (VAS: Group A difference of 4.3, Group B difference of 3.1, p = 0.005;dyspareunia: Group A and Group B 1.8 vs. 0.8, p = 0.005). Conclusion: The positive results of our study prove the utility effectiveness of an enzyme combination to decrease and normalize the biomarkers of inflammation in VBD and PBS patients in a multimodal approach.

关键词： Vulvodynia TENS Vulvar Vestibulitis Syndrome Painful Bladder Syndrome Immunoenzymatic Therapy

Lamb-dip saturated-absorption cavity ring-down rovibrational molecular spectroscopy in the near-infrared

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Photonics Research 2022年第8期10卷 1803-1809页

作者： ROBERTO AIELLO VALENTINA di sarno MARIA GIULIA DELLI SANTI MAURIZIO DE ROSA IOLANDA RICCIARdi GIOVANNI GIUSFREdi PAOLO DE NATALE LUIGI SANTAMARIA PASQUALE MADDALONI Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche-Istituto Nazionale di Ottica Via Campi Flegrei 3480078 PozzuoliItaly Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sez.di NapoliComplesso Universitario di M.S.AngeloVia Cintia80126 NapoliItaly ppqSense S.r.l. Via Gattinella 2050013 Campi BisenzioItaly Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche-Istituto Nazionale di Ottica Largo E.Fermi 650125 FirenzeItaly Agenzia Spaziale Italiana Contrada Terlecchia75100 MateraItaly

The high-detection-sensitivity saturated-absorption cavity ring-down(SCAR)technique is extended to Lambdip spectroscopy of rovibrational molecular transitions in the near-infrared ***-comb-referenced sub-Doppler saturation measurements,performed on the acetylene(ν_(1)+ν_(3)+ν_(4)←ν_(4))R(14)e line at6562 cm^(-1),are analyzed by a SCAR global line profile fitting routine,based on a specially developed theoretical *** to a conventional cavity ring-down evaluation,our approach yields dip profiles with a linewidth freed from saturation broadening effects,reduced by 40%,and a signal-to-noise ratio increased by 90%.Ultimately,an overall(statistical and systematic)fractional uncertainty as low as 7×10^(-12)is achieved for the absolute line-center *** the same time,our method is also able to accurately infer the linear(nonsaturated)behavior of the gas absorption,providing Lamb-dip-based line strength measurements with a relative uncertainty of 0.5%.

关键词： saturated cavity absorption

Design and Simulation of a Novel Pneumotronic System Aimed to the Investigation of Vascular Phenomena Induced by Limb Compression

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2019年第3期16卷 550-562页

作者： Carlo Ferraresi Carlo De Benedictis Daniela Maffiodo Walter Franco Alessandro Messere raffaele Pertusio Silvestro Roatta Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Politecnico di Torino Torino 10129 Italy Department of Neuroscience University of Torino Torino 10125 Italy

Intermittent Pneumatic Compression (IPC) devices can be used to analyze the mechanisms underlying several vascular phenomena, such as hyperaemia. Commercial devices have limited dynamics and do not allow the delivery of customizable compressive pressure patterns, making the analysis of such phenomena difficult, which may require the application of long stimulations with low amplitude as well as fast compressions with higher pressure level. To overcome these issues, a novel pneumotronic device aimed to the investigation of the physiological effects induced by limb compressions is conceived and presented in this work. The design requirements of the system, capable of delivering customizable compressive patterns in the range 0 mmHg-200 mmHg, are outlined. The final prototype architecture is described, and a mathematical model of the entire system, also including the interaction between the device and the limb tissues, is proposed. The performance of the device was evaluated in several conditions by means of simulations, whose results were compared to the data collected from experimental trials in order to validate the model. The outcomes of both experimentation and simulation trials proved the effectiveness of the solution proposed. A possible employment of this device for the investigation of the rapid compression-induced hyperaemia is presented. Other potential applications concern the wide range of intermittent-pneumatic compression treatments.

关键词： pneumotronic system pneutronics hyperaemia limb compression pneumatic system modeling human-machine interaction