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Carbon dioxide enrichment affected flower numbers transiently and increased successful post-pollination development stably but without altering final acorn production in mature pedunculate oak (Quercus robur l.)

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Journal of Forestry Research 2024年第4期35卷 1-12页

作者： Ryan McClory Richard H.Ellis martin lukac Jo Clark Carolina Mayoral Kris M.Hart Andrew R.G.Plackett A.Rob MacKenzie School of Agriculture Policy and DevelopmentUniversity of ReadingAgricultureEarley GateWhiteknights RoadPO Box 237Reading RG66EUUK Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences Czech University of Life Sciences PraguePrague 165000Czechia Future Trees Trust Harwell Innovation CentreBuilding 173Curie AvenueHarwellOxford OX110QGUK Birmingham Institute of Forest Research University of BirminghamEdgbastonBirmingham B152TTUK School of Biosciences University of BirminghamEdgbastonBirmingham B152TTUK School of Geography Earth and Environmental SciencesUniversity of BirminghamEdgbastonBirmingham B152TTUK

Acorn production in oak(Quercus spp.)shows considerable inter-annual variation,known as masting,which provides a natural defence against seed predators but a highly-variable supply of acorns for uses such as in commercial tree planting each *** emissions of greenhouse gases have been very widely reported to influence plant growth and seed or fruit size and quantity via the‘fertilisation effect’that leads to enhanced *** examine if acorn production in mature woodland communities will be affected by further increase in CO_(2),the contents of litter traps from a Free Air Carbon Enrichment(FACE)experiment in deciduous woodland in central England were analysed for numbers of flowers and acorns of pedunculate oak(Quercus robur l.)at different stages of development and their predation levels under ambient and elevated CO_(2) ***-annual variation in acorn numbers was considerable and cyclical between 2015 and 2021,with the greatest numbers of mature acorns in 2015,2017 and 2020 but almost none in *** numbers of flowers,enlarged cups,immature acorns,empty acorn cups,and galls in the litter traps also varied amongst years;comparatively high numbers of enlarged cups were recorded in 2018,suggesting *** at this site is a fruit maturation masting species(i.e.,the extent of abortion of pollinated flowers during acorn development affects mature acorn numbers greatly).Raising the atmospheric CO_(2) concentration by 150μl l^(−1),from early 2017,increased the numbers of immature acorns,and all acorn evidence(empty cups+immature acorns+mature acorns)detected in the litter traps compared to ambient controls by 2021,but did not consistently affect the numbers of flowers,enlarged cups,empty cups,or mature *** number of flowers in the elevated CO_(2) plots’litter traps was greater in 2018 than 2017,one year after CO_(2) enrichment began,whereas numbers declined in ambient *** with CO_(2) also increased the number o

关键词： Quercus robur l. Acorns Masting Pedunculate oak Carbon dioxide

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Remote sensing and its applications using GNSS reflected signals:advances and prospects

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Satellite Navigation 2024年第1期5卷 10-51页

作者： Shuanggen Jin Adriano Camps Yan Jia Feng Wang Manuel martin-Neira Feixiong Huang Qingyun Yan Shuangcheng Zhang Zhongyu li Komi Edokossi Dongkai Yang Zhiyu Xiao Zhongmin Ma Weihua Bai Shanghai Astronomical Observatory Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai200030China School of Surveying and land Information Engineering Henan Polytechnic UniversityJiaozuo454003China Department of Signal Theory and Communications Technical University of CataloniaBarcelona08034Spain Department of Surveying and Geoinformatics Nanjing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsNanjing210023China School of Electronics and Information Engineering Beihang UniversityBeijing100191China European Space Research and Technology Centre(ESTEC) European Space Agency2200-AGNoordwijkThe Netherlands National Space Science Center Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China School of Remote Sensing and Geomatics Engineering Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing210044China College of Geological Engineering and Geomatics Chang’an UniversityXi’an710054China University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu611731China

The Global Navigation Satellite Systems(GNSS),including the US’s GPS,China’s BDS,the European Union’s Galileo,and Russia’s GlONASS,offer real-time,all-weather,any-time,anywhere and high precision observations by transmitting l band signals continuously,which have been widely used for positioning,navigation and *** the development of GNSS technology,it has been found that GNSS-reflected signals can be used to detect Earth’s surface characteristics together with other signals of *** this paper,the current status and latest advances are presented on Global Navigation Satellite System-Reflectometry(GNSS-R)in theory,methods,techniques and *** developments and progresses in GNSS-R instruments,theoretical modeling,and signal processing,ground and space-/air-borne experiments,parameters retrieval(*** speed,sea surface height,soil moisture,ice thickness),sea surface altimetry and applications in the atmosphere,oceans,land,vegetation,and cryosphere are given and reviewed in ***,the challenges in the GNSS-R development of each field are also ***,the future applications and prospects of GNSS-R are discussed,including multi-GNSS reflectometry,new GNSS-R receivers,GNSS-R missions,and emerging applications,such as mesoscale ocean eddies,ocean phytoplankton blooms,microplastics detection,target recognition,river flow,desert studies,natural hazards and landslides monitoring.

关键词： GNSS Reflectometry Remote sensing Environmental change

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Application of near-infrared spectroscopy for fast germplasm analysis and classification in multi-environment using intact-seed peanut(Arachis hypogaea l.)

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Oil Crop Science 2024年第2期9卷 132-141页

作者： Fentanesh Chekole Kassie Gilles Chaix Hermine Bille Ngalle Maguette Seye Coura Fall Hodo-Abalo Tossim Aissatou Sambou Olivier Gibert Fabrice Davrieux Joseph martin Bell Jean-Francois Rami Daniel Fonceka Joel Romaric Nguepjop Department of Plant Biology and Physiology Faculty of SciencesUniversity of Yaounde IYaoundeP.O.Box 337Cameroon Department of Plant Science College of AgricultureWolaita Sodo UniversitySodoP.O.Box 138Ethiopia CIRAD UMR AGAP InstitutMontpellierFrance AGAP Institut Univ MontpellierCIRADINRAEInstitut AgroMontpellierFrance ChemHouse Research Group MontpellierFrance Centre D’Etudes Regional Pour l’Amelioration de l’Adaptation a la Secheresse(CERAAS/ISRA) Route de KhomboleThiesBP 3320Senegal Dispositif de Recherche et de Formation en Partenariat Innovation et Amelioration Varietale en Afrique de L’Ouest(IAVAO)CERAASRoute de KhomboleThiesBP 3320Senegal CIRAD UMR QUALISUDSaint PierreFrance

Peanut is a worldwide oilseed crop and the need to assess germplasm in a non-destructive manner is important for seed nutritional *** this study,Near Infrared Spectroscopy(NIRS)was applied to rapidly assess germplasm variability from whole seed of 699 samples,field-collected and assembled in four genetic and environmentbased sets:one set of 300 varieties of a core-collection and three sets of 133 genotypes of an interspecific population,evaluated in three environments in a large spatial scale of two countries,Mbalmayo and Bafia in Cameroon and Nioro in Senegal,under rainfed *** elemental spectra were gathered on six subsets of seeds of each sample,after three rotation scans,with a spectral resolution of 16 cm-1over the spectral range of867 nm to 2530 *** were then processed by principal component analysis(PCA)coupled with Partial least squares-discriminant analysis(PlS-DA).As results,a huge variability was found between varieties and genotypes for all NIR wavelength within and between *** magnitude of genetic variation was particularly observed at 11 relevant wavelengths such as 1723 nm,usually related to oil content and fatty acid *** yielded the most chemical attributes in three significant PCs(i.e.,eigenvalues>10),which together captured 93%of the total variation,revealing genetic and environment structure of varieties and genotypes into four clusters,corresponding to the four samples *** pattern of genetic variability of the interspecific population covers,remarkably half of spectrum of the core-collection,turning out to be the ***,a PlS-DA model was developed and a strong accuracy of 99.6%was achieved for the four sets,aiming to classify each seed sample according to environment *** confusion matrix achieved for the two sets of Bafia and Nioro showed 100%of instances classified correctly with 100%at both sensitivity and specificity,confirming that their seed quality was different f

关键词： Groundnut Oilseed Near infrared spectroscopy Germplasm analysis Environment Nutritional Breeding

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Interest of thoracic ultrasound after cardiac surgery or interventional cardiology

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World Journal of Cardiology 2024年第3期16卷 118-125页

作者： martin Boussuges Philippe Blanc Fabienne Bregeon Alain Boussuges Service de Pneumologie Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sud ReunionSaint Pierre 97410Ile de la ReunionFrance Department of Cardiac and Pulmonary Rehabilitation Ste Clotilde&YlangYlang Rehabilitation CenterSainte Clotilde 97491Ile de la ReunionFrance Service d’Explorations Fonctionnelles Respiratoires Centre Hospitalier Universitaire NordAssistance Publique des Hôpitaux de MarseilleMarseille 13015France Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire-Méditerranée Infection Aix Marseille UniversitéMarseille 13005France Center for Cardiovascular and Nutrition Research Aix Marseille UniversitéInstitut National de la Santéet de la Recherche MédicaleInstitut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculturel’Alimentation et l’EnvironnementMarseille 13005France

Thoracic ultrasound has attracted much interest in detecting pleural effusion or pulmonary consolidation after cardiac *** 2016,Trovato reported,in the World Journal of Cardiology,the interest of using,in addition to echocardiography,thoracic *** this editorial,we highlight the value of assessing diaphragm function after cardiac surgery and interventional cardiology *** factors are able to impair diaphragm function after such *** motion may be decreased by chest pain secondary to sternotomy,pleural effusion or impaired muscle *** paralysis may be secondary to phrenic nerve damage complicating cardiac surgery or atrial fibrillation *** may be ***,respi-ratory troubles induced by diaphragm dysfunction are frequently attributed to pre-existing heart disease or pulmonary complications secondary to *** addition,elevated hemidiaphragm secondary to diaphragm dysfunction is sometimes not observed on chest X-ray performed in supine position in the intensive care *** of diaphragm function by ultrasound during the recovery period appears *** hemidiaphragms can be studied by two complementary ultrasound *** mobility of each hemidiaphragms is measured by M-mode *** addition,recording the percentage of inspiratory thickening provides important information about the quality of muscle *** two approaches make it possible to detect hemidiaphragm paralysis or *** a diagnosis is important because persistent diaphragm dysfunction after cardiac surgery has been shown to be associated with adverse respiratory *** respiratory physio-therapy is able to improve respiratory function through strengthening of the inspiratory muscles *** and accessory inspiratory muscles.

关键词： Ultrasonography Diaphragm Phrenic nerve Hemidiaphragm Thickening fraction Physiotherapy

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Optical magnetic field enhancement using ultrafast azimuthally polarized laser beams and tailored metallic nanoantennas

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Photonics Research 2024年第5期12卷 1078-1092页

作者： RODRIGO martin-HERNANDEZ lORENZ GRUNEWAlD lUIS SANCHEZ-TEJERINA lUIS PlAJA ENRIQUECONEJERO JARQUE CARlOS HERNANDEZ-GARCIA SEBASTIAN MAI Grupo de Investigacion en Aplicaciones del laser y Fotonica Departamento de Fisica AplicadaUniversidad de SalamancaE-37008 SalamancaSpain Unidad de Excelencia en luz y Materia Estructuradas(lUMES) Universidad de SalamancaE-37008 SalamancaSpain Institute of Theoretical Chemistry Faculty of ChemistryUniversity of Vienna1090 ViennaAustria Vienna Doctoral School in Chemistry(DoSChem) Faculty of ChemistryUniversity of Vienna1090 ViennaAustria Departamento de Electricidad y Electrónica Universidad de Valladolid47011 ValladolidSpain

*** *** thank Valentina Shumakova,Elizaveta Gangrskaia,Alessandra Bellissimo,Audrius Pugzlys,and Andrius Baltu?ka for fruitful discussions and computational support by the Vienna Scientific Cluster(VSC 4).The authors thankfully acknowledge the computer resources at MareNostrum and SCAYlE,and the technical support provided by Barcelona Supercomputing Center(RES-FI-2022-3-0041).R.M.-H.,l.S.-T.,l.P.,E.C.J.,and C.H.-*** funding from the European Research Council(ERC)under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program(Grant Agreement No.851201)and support from Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación(PID2022-142340NB-I00,PID2019-106910GB-I00).This research was funded in whole or in part by the Austrian Science Fund(FWF)(10.55776/ZK91).For open access purposes,the author has applied a CC BY public copyright license to any author accepted manuscript version arising from this submission.

关键词： metallic polarized discussions

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Integration of traditional,complementary,and alternative medicine with modern biomedicine:the scientization,evidence,and challenges for integration of traditional Chinese medicine

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Acupuncture and Herbal Medicine 2024年第1期4卷 68-78页

作者： Zihao Zhang Raorao li Yu Chen Hui Yang martin Fitzgerald Qiaochu Wang Ziwen Xu Nanxi Huang Dajun lu lu luo Georgetown University Medical Center Washington DCUSA Institute of Chinese Materia Medica China Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesBeijingChina Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion China Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesBeijingChina The First Clinical Medical College Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese MedicineGuiyangChina Ashdale Clinic Half Moon LaneSouth Douglas RoadCorkIreland

Traditional medicine has garnered significant global recognition,with an estimated 80%of the global population using ***,it is essential to fully understand the integration of traditional medicines into current healthcare *** review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the standard process to modernize traditional medicine scientifically in the context of modern biomedicine,further termed here as“scientization”.Specifically,we aim to summarize the advancements made in understanding the efficacy,effectiveness,and underlying mechanisms of herbal *** also examined the transition from experience-to evidence-based medicine during ***,we explore the development of universal safety and quality control ***,we discuss international trade and export markets for Chinese medical *** development and integration of traditional medicine have allowed it to further improve human health,resulting in a more comprehensive health solution for the global population.

关键词： Acupuncture Conventional medicine Herbal medicine Modernization Scientization Traditional Chinese medicine

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Evaluation of Four Anthropogenic Activity Impacts on Heavy Metal Quality of the Kumba River in the South West Region of Cameroon

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2024年第5期16卷 361-380页

作者： martin Keghe Nkobe Barthelemy Ndongo Kanouo Boris Merlain Djousse Salomon Nyasse Institute of Agricultural Research for Development (IRAD) Yaound&#233 Cameroon Faculty of Agronomy and Agricultural Sciences (FASA) University of Dschang Dschang Cameroon

Anthropogenic activities have contributed to pollution of water bodies through deposition of diverse pollutants amongst which are heavy metals. These pollutants, which at times are above the maximum concentration levels recommended, are detrimental to the quality of the water, soil and crops (plant) with subsequent human health risks. The objective of the work was to evaluate the impacts of human-based activities on the heavy metal properties of surface water with focus on the Kumba River basin. Field observations, interviews, field measurements and laboratory analyses of different water samples enabled us to collect the different data. The results show four main human-based activities within the river basin (agriculture, livestock production, domestic waste disposal and carwash activities) that pollute surface water. Approximately 20.61 tons of nitrogen and phosphorus from agricultural activities, 156.48 tons of animal wastes, 2517.5 tons of domestic wastes and 1.52 tons of detergent from carwash activities were deposited into the river each year. A highly significant difference at 1% was observed between the upstream and downstream heavy metal loads in four of the five heavy metals tested except for copper that was not significant. lead concentrations were highest in all the activities with an average of 2.4 mg∙l−1 representing 57.81%, followed by zinc with 1.596 mg∙l−1 (38.45%) and manganese with 0.155 mg∙l−1 (3.74%) for the different anthropogenic activities thus indicating that these activities highly lead to pollution of the Kumba River water. The level of zinc and manganese was significantly influenced at ρ 005 by anthropogenic activities though generally the variations were in the order: carwash (3.196 mg∙l−1) l (3.347 mg∙l−1) lture (4.172 mg∙l−1) livestock (4.886 mg∙l−1) r

关键词： Metal Properties Human-Based Activities Kumba River Basin Surface Water

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Manipulation of photosensory and circadian signaling restricts phenotypic plasticity in response to changing environmental conditions in Arabidopsis

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Molecular Plant 2024年第9期17卷 1458-1471页

作者： martin William Battle Scott Fraser Ewing Cathryn Dickson Joseph Obaje Kristen N.Edgeworth Rebecca Bindbeutel Rea lAntoniou-Kourounioti Dmitri A.Nusinow Matthew Alan Jones Plant Science Group School of Molecular BiosciencesUniversity of GlasgowGlasgow G128QQUK Danforth Plant Science Center St.LouisMO 63132USA Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences Washington University in St.LouisSt.LouisMO 63130USA Present address:School of Biological and Environmental Sciences Liverpool John Moores UniversityLiverpool L22QPUK

Plants exploit phenotypic plasticity to adapt their growth and development to prevailing environmental *** of light and temperature signals is aided by the circadian system,which provides a temporal *** plasticity provides a selective and competitive advantage in nature but is obstructive during large-scale,intensive agricultural practices since economically important traits(including vegetative growth and flowering time)can vary widely depending on local environmental *** prevents accurate prediction of harvesting times and produces a variable *** this study,we sought to restrict phenotypic plasticity and circadian regulation by manipulating signaling systems that govern plants'responses to environmental *** modeling of plant growth and develop-ment predicted reduced plant responses to changing environments when circadian and light signaling pathways were *** tested this prediction by utilizing a constitutively active allele of the plant photoreceptor phytochrome B,along with disruption of the circadian systemvia mutation of *** found that these manipulations produced plants that are less responsive to light and temper-ature cues and thus fail to anticipate *** engineered plants have uniform vegetative growth and flowering time,demonstrating how phenotypic plasticity can be limited while maintaining plant *** has significant implications for future agriculture in both open fields and controlled environments.

关键词： circadian developmental plasticity phenotypic plasticity external coincidence light temperature

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COVID-19/Tuberculosis Co-Infection at the Epidemic Treatment Center (ETC) of Saint-louis (Senegal): About 9 Cases

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Advances in Infectious Diseases 2024年第1期14卷 56-66页

作者： Alassane Dièye Moustapha Diedhiou Papa latyr Junior Diouf Mba Bambo Diakhaby Demba Makalou Samba Niang Diatou Dia-Gueye Amadou Diop Dia Ibrahima louis martin Dieng Seynabou lô Ndéye Méry Dia-Badiane Health Sciences Training and Research Unit Gaston Berger University Saint-Louis Senegal Department of Medicine Saint-Louis Regional Hospital Saint-Louis Senegal Infectious and Tropical Diseases Clinic of Fann Dakar Senegal

Introduction: COVID-19 is a global public health emergency that can cause acute respiratory distress syndrome. In countries where tuberculosis (TB) is endemic, coinfection of COVID-19 and TB is often encountered, which increases the risk of developing severe forms of COVID-19. Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of COVID-19/TB coinfection at the Epidemic treatment center (ETC) in Saint-louis (Senegal) and to describe the epidemiological, clinical, paraclinical, and outcome profile of co-infected patients. Patients and Methods: This is a retrospective, cross-sectional, descriptive cohort study based on the records of COVID-19/ TB co-infected patients who were hospitalized at the ETC in Saint-louis (Senegal) over an 18-month period from March 2020 to September 2021. Results: Out of a total of 454 hospitalizations, we collected records of 9 patients co-infected with COVID-19/TB, resulting in a prevalence of 2%. The study included patients with a median age of 34 years (range: 10-86 years), with a male predominance (7 cases) and a sex ratio of 3.5. The majority of patients (88.9%) had severe forms of COVID-19. Dyspnea and cough were reported in all patients (100%). Pulmonary TB was the most frequent localization, with 9 cases. The diagnosis of COVID-19 was confirmed by nasopharyngeal PCR in all patients (100%). Bacilloscopy was positive in 3 out of 5 cases. One patient tested positive for GeneXpert? MTB/RIF without rifampicin resistance. All patients were prescribed the hydroxychloroquine-azithromycin combination and anti-tuberculosis treatment. Out of the nine patients, four recovered (44.4%) and five died (55.5%). Conclusion: COVID-19/TB coinfection had a low prevalence in our cohort, but was associated with a high mortality due to the frequent occurrence of severe forms of the disease.

关键词： COVID-19 Tuberculosis Saint-louis Senegal

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Profile of SARS-CoV-2 Infected Patients Hospitalized at the Epidemic Treatment Center (ETC) in Saint-louis, Senegal during the First Two Waves

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Advances in Infectious Diseases 2024年第2期14卷 322-337页

作者： Alassane Dièye Papa latyr Junior Diouf Bourama Diémé Moustapha Diedhiou Diatou Dia-Gueye Amadou Diop Dia Samba Niang Ibrahima louis martin Dieng Ameth Dieng Seynabou lô Ndéye Méry Dia-Badiane Health Sciences Training and Research Unit Gaston Berger University Saint-Louis Senegal Emergency Department of Regional Hospital Center Saint-Louis Senegal Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases of Fann Dakar Senegal

Introduction: The SARS-CoV-2 infection is a major public health emergency. Several risk factors are involved in the occurrence of respiratory distress that can lead to death despite resuscitation measures. Objectives: The aim of this study was to describe the epidemiological, clinical, paraclinical, therapeutic, and evolution profile of patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 hospitalized at the CTE of Saint-louis (Senegal) during the first two waves. Patients and Methods: We conducted a retrospective, cross-sectional, descriptive, and analytical study that included all patients hospitalized at the ETC of Saint-louis (Senegal) with SARS-CoV-2 infection from March 2020 to April 2021. Results: A total of 358 cases were collected, 256 (71.5%) during the first wave and 102 (28.5%) during the second wave. The mean age was 49.5 years (19.5). There was a male predominance (58.4%), with a sex ratio of 1.4. Hypertension was the main comorbidity, with 87 cases (24.3%). The most common functional signs were cough in 194 cases (54.2%), dyspnea in 143 cases (40%) and ageusia in 134 cases (37.4%). Thoracic CT scans were performed on 20 patients (5.6%), with severe involvement (50% - 75%) observed in 50% of cases. Hydroxychloroquine-azithromycin was prescribed to 351 patients (98%). Overall, 338 (94.4%) recovered and 17 (4.7%) died. In multivariate analysis, factors associated with death were male sex [OR = 2.645;95% CI: 1.530 - 4.785;p = 0.011], age 60 years [OR = 1.039;95% CI: 0.564 - 1.914;p = 0.002], the presence of comorbidities [OR = 2.171;95% CI: 0.564 - 3.429;p = 0.033], SpO2 (ambient air) 95% [OR = 2.061;95% CI: 0.616 - 3.827;p = 0.03], acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) [OR = 0.635;95% CI: 0.316 - 1.275;p = 0.001], severe form [OR = 1.664;95% CI: 0.298 - 2.478;p = 0.016], occurrence of complications [OR = 0.521;95% CI: 0.287 - 0.944;p = 0.032], high creatinine levels [OR = 2.061;95% CI: 1.616 - 3.827;p = 0.026], and lymphopenia [OR = 0.485;95% CI: 0.370 - 0.636;p = 0.0

关键词： SARS-CoV-2 Saint-louis Senegal

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