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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第7期20卷 2011-2012页

作者： Sharon j.Brown rafael j.yáñez-muñoz Heidi R.Fuller School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering Keele UniversityKeeleUK Wolfson Center for Inherited Neuromuscular Disease TORCH BuildingRJAH Orthopaedic HospitalOswestryUK *** Center of Gene and Cell TherapyDepartment of Biological SciencesSchool of Life Sciences and the EnvironmentRoyal Holloway University of LondonEghamUK

Spinal muscular atrophy(SMA)is a genetic condition that results in selective lower motor neuron loss with concomitant muscle weakness and *** genetic cause of SMA was understood in 1995 when loss or impairment of the survival motor neuron 1(SMN1)gene was identified as the main contributing factor(Lefebvre et al.,1995).This,in combination with the discovery that humans have a“back-up”gene,SMN2,which can produce low levels(approximately 10%)of the full-length functional SMN protein,has led to the generation of SMA-specific gene *** was traditionally classified according to age of symptom onset and developmental milestones achieved,with life expectancy and severity varying between ***,SMN2 copy number is used as a proxy for the prediction of disease severity,with higher SMN2 copy number typically being associated with reduced severity of SMA,although this relationship is not absolute:some individuals with low SMN2 copy number have less severe SMA phenotypes and vice ***,the etiology of SMA is further complicated by other factors,such as non-typical nucleotide variants and SMN2-independent modifiers of disease severity.

关键词： atrophy traditionally absolute

Degradation of indomethacin in river water under stress and non-stress laboratory conditions:degradation products,long-term evolution and adsorption to sediment

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journal of Environmental Sciences 2017年第1期29卷 13-20页

作者： juan j.jimenez Maria I.Sanchez rafael Pardo Beatriz E.munoz Department of Analytical Chemistry Faculty of SciencesCampus Miguel DelibesUniversity of ValladolidPaseo de Belen 747012 ValladolidSpain I.U.CINQUIMA Campus Miguel DelibesUniversity of ValladolidPaseo de Belen 547011 ValladolidSpain Department of Analytical Chemistry School of Industrial EngineersUniversity of ValladoliclFrancisco Mendizdbal 147014 ValladolidSpain

The pharmaceutical compound indomethacin is not totally removed in wastewater treatment plants,whose effluents flow into aquatic environments;concentrations in the 0.1-100 ng/L range are commonly found in surface waters,and its fate is ***,biological,photochemical and thermal degradation assays were conducted under stress and non-stress conditions to estimate its degradation rate in river water and establish its degradation products over *** results revealed that direct sunlight irradiation promoted the complete degradation of indomethacin（2 μg/L） in less than 6 hr,but indomethacin was detected over a period of 4 months when water was kept under the natural day-night cycle and the exposure to sunlight was partially limited,as occurs inside a body of *** biological degradation in water was negligible,while the hydrolysis at pH 7.8 was *** were monitored by ultra-pressure liquid chromatography/quadrupole time-of-flight/mass spectrometry after solid-phase extraction,and six degradation products were found;their structures were proposed based on the molecular formulae and fragmentation observed in high-resolution tandem mass spectra.4-Chlorobenzoic and 2-acetamido-5-methoxybenzoic acids were the long-term transformation products,persisting for at least 30 weeks in water kept under non-stress ***,the degradation in the presence of sediment was also monitored over time,with some differences being *** adsorption coefficients of indomethacin and degradation products on river sediment were calculated;long-term degradation products did not have significant adsorption to sediment.

关键词： Indomethacin Degradation products River water Adsorption coefficients High-resolution mass spectrometry

Artificial neural network with a cross-validation approach to blast-induced ground vibration propagation modeling

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Underground Space 2021年第3期6卷 281-289页

作者： Gustavo Paneiro Manuel rafael DECivil/CERENA Tecnico LisboaULisboaPortugal Orica Mining Services Portugal Portugal

Given their technical and economic advantages,the application of explosive substances to rock mass excavation is widely ***,because of serious environmental restraints,there has been an increasing need to use complex tools to control environmental effects due to blast-induced ground *** the present study,an artificial neural network(ANN)with k-fold cross-validation was applied to a dataset containing 1114 observations that was obtained from published results;furthermore,quantitative and qualitative parameters were considered for ground vibration amplitude *** best ANN model obtained has a maximum coefficient of determination of 0.840 and a mean absolute error of 5.59 and it comprises 17 input parameters,12 neurons in a one-layer hidden layer,and a sigmoid transfer *** with the traditional models,the model obtained using the proposed methodology demonstrated better generalization ***,the proposed methodology offers an ANN model with higher prediction ability.

关键词： Rock blasting Excavation Ground vibrations Artificial neural network K-fold cross-validation Modeling

From conventional two-stage hepatectomy to ALPPS:Fifteen years of experience in a hepatobiliary surgery unit

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2021年第6期20卷 542-550页

作者： javier Maupoey Ibáñez Eva María MontalváOrón Andrea BoscàRobledo Alonso Camacho Ramírez Ana Hernando Sanz Pablo Granero Castro Alberto Alegre Delgado rafael López-Andújar Hepatobiliary Surgery and Transplant Unit La Fe University and Polytechnic HospitalValenciaSpain Department of Radiology La Fe University and Polytechnic HospitalValenciaSpain

Background:Hepatectomy in patients with large tumor load may result in postoperative liver failure and associated complications due to excessive liver parenchyma *** two-stage hepatectomy(TSH)and associating liver partition and portal vein ligation for staged hepatectomy(ALPPS)technique are possible solutions to this *** liver metastases(CRLM)is the most frequent indication,and there is a need to assess outcomes for both techniques to improve surgical and long-term oncological outcomes in these ***:A single-center retrospective study was designed to compare TSH with ALPPS in patients with initially unresectable bilateral liver tumors between january 2005 and january *** was performed from january 2012 onwards as the technique of ***-term overall survival(OS)and disease-free survival(DFS)were evaluated as primary outcome in CRLM *** morbidity,mortality and liver growth in all patients were also ***:A total of 38 staged hepatectomies were performed:17 TSH and 21 *** resection rate was 76.5%(n=13)in the TSH group and 85.7%(n=18)in the ALPPS group(P=0.426).Overall major morbidity(Clavien-Dindo≥3 a)(stage 1+stage 2)was 41.2%(n=7)in TSH and 33.3%(n=7)in ALPPS patients(P=0.389),and perioperative 90-day mortalities were 11.8%(n=2)vs.19.0%(n=4)in each group,respectively(P=0.654).Intention-to-treat OS rates at 1 and 5 years in CRLM patients for TSH(n=15)were 80%and 33%,and for ALPPS(n=17)76%and 35%,*** rates at 1 and 5 years were 36%and 27%in the TSH group vs.33%and 27%in the ALPPS group,***:ALPPS is an effective alternative to TSH in bilateral affecting liver tumors,allowing higher resection rate,but patients must be carefully *** CRLM patients similar long-term OS and DFS can be achieved with both techniques.

关键词： ALPPS Two-stage hepatectomy Colorectal liver metastases Posthepatectomy liver failure

An ETD Method for American Options under the Heston Model

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2020年第8期124卷 493-508页

作者： rafael Company Vera N.Egorova Lucas jódar Ferran Fuster Valls Instituto de Matemática multidisciplinar Universitat Politècnica de ValènciaValencia46022Spain Depto.de Matemática Aplicada y Ciencias de la Computación Universidad de CantabriaSantander39005Spain Nfoque Advisory Services Madrid28001Spain

A numerical method for American options pricing on assets under the Heston stochastic volatility model is developed.A preliminary transformation is applied to remove the mixed derivative term avoiding known numerical drawbacks and reducing computational *** boundary is treated by the penalty *** nonlinear partial differential equation is solved numerically by using the method of *** full discretization the exponential time differencing method is *** analysis establishes the stability and positivity of the proposed *** numerical convergence behaviour and effectiveness are investigated in extensive numerical experiments.

关键词： Heston model American option pricing exponential time differencing semi-discretization

Irradiation uniformity at the Laser Megajoule facility in the context of the shock ignition scheme

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2014年第2期2卷 1-12页

作者： Mauro Temporal Benoit Canaud Warren j. Garbett rafael Ramis Stefan Weber Centre de Math'ematiques et de Leurs Applications ENS Cachan and CNRS 61 Av. du President Wilson Cachan Cedex France CEA DIF Arpajon Cedex France AWE plc Aldermaston Reading Berkshire United Kingdom ETSI Aeron'auticos Universidad Polit'ecnica de Madrid Madrid Spain ELI-Beamlines Institute of Physics Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic Prague Czech Republic

The use of the Laser Megajoule facility within the shock ignition scheme has been considered. In the first part of the study, one-dimensional hydrodynamic calculations were performed for an inertial confinement fusion capsule in the context of the shock ignition scheme providing the energy gain and an estimation of the increase of the peak power due to the reduction of the photon penetration expected during the high-intensity spike pulse. In the second part, we considered a Laser Megajoule configuration consisting of 176 laser beams that have been grouped providing two different irradiation schemes. In this configuration the maximum available energy and power are 1.3 Mj and 440 TW. Optimization of the laser–capsule parameters that minimize the irradiation non-uniformity during the first few ns of the foot pulse has been performed. The calculations take into account the specific elliptical laser intensity profile provided at the Laser Megajoule and the expected beam uncertainties. A significant improvement of the illumination uniformity provided by the polar direct drive technique has been demonstrated. Three-dimensional hydrodynamic calculations have been performed in order to analyse the magnitude of the azimuthal component of the irradiation that is neglected in twodimensional hydrodynamic simulations.

关键词： inertial confinement fusion shock ignition laser system

Modeling and simulation of circulating fluidized bed reactors applied to a carbonation/calcination loop

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Particuology 2014年第4期12卷 116-128页

作者： rafael A.Sánchez Hugo A.jakobsen Department of Chemical Engineering Norwegian University of Science and Technology7034 TrondheimNorway

A fluid dynamic model for a gas-solid circulating fluidized bed （CFB） designed using two coupled riser reactors is developed and implemented numerically with code programmed in Matlab. The fluid dynamic model contains heat and species mass balances to calculate temperatures and compositions for a carbonation/calcination loop process. Because of the high computational costs required to resolve the three-dimensional phenomena, a model representing a trade-offbetween computational time requirements and accuracy is developed. For dynamic processes with a solid flux between the two reactor units that depends on the fluid dynamics of both risers, a dynamic one-dimensional two-fluid model is sufficient. A two-fluid model using the constant particle viscosity closure for the stress term is used for the solid phase, and an algebraic turbulence model is applied to the gas phase. The numerical model implementa- tion is based on the finite volume method with a staggered grid scheme. The exchange of solids between the reactor units constituting the circulating fluidized bed （solid flux） is implemented through additional mass source/sink terms in the continuity equations of the two phases, For model validation, a relevant experimental analysis provided in the literature is reproduced by the numerical simulations, The numerical analysis indicates that sufficient heat integration between the two reactor units is important for the performance of the circulating fluidized bed system, The two-fluid model performs fairly well for this chemical process operated in a CFB designed as two coupled riser reactors. Further analysis and optimization of the solution algorithms and the reactor coupling strategy is warranted.

关键词： Chemical reactors Fluidization Mathematical modeling multiphase flow Simulation

Heterogeneous catalysis under flow for the 21st century fine chemical industry

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Green Energy & Environment 2021年第2期6卷 161-166页

作者： Rosaria Ciriminna Mario Pagliaro rafael Luque Istituto per Io Studio dei Mate riali Nanostnuturati CNRwia U.La Malfa 15390146PulemoItaly Deparamento de Quimica Orginica Univeridad de CordobaCampus de RabonalesEdificio Marie Curie(C-3)Cra Nnal IV-Akm 396Cordoba14014Spain Peoples Friendship University of Russia(RUDN Universiy) 6 Miklukho Maklaya St117198MoscowRussia

Due to metal leaching and poor catalyst stability, the chemical industry's fine chemical and pharmaceutical sectors have been historically reluctant to use supported transition metal catalysts to manufacture fine chemicals and active pharmaceutical ingredients. With the advent of new generation supported metal catalysts and flow chemistry, we argue in this study, this situation is poised to quickly change. Alongside heterogenized metal nanoparticles, both single-site molecular and single-atom catalyst will become ubiquitous. This study offers a critical outlook taking into account both technical and economic aspects.

关键词： Fine chemical Heterogeneous catalysis Single atom catalysis Green chemistry Chemical industry

Influence of birth order, birth weight, colostrum and serum immunoglobulin G on neonatal piglet survival

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journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2013年第2期4卷 128-136页

作者： rafael A Cabrera Xi Lin j.y M Campbell Adam j Moeser jack Odle Laboratory of Developmental Nutrition Department of Animal Science North Carolina State University Huvepharma USA Inc. 525 West Park Drive Suite 230 Peachtree City American Protein Corporation Department of Population Health and Pathobiology College of Veterinary Medicine North Carolina State University 101 Polk Hall North Carolina State University

Background： Intake of colostrum after birth is essential to stimulate intestinal growth and function, and to provide systemic immunological protection via absorption of Immunoglobulin G （IgG）. The birth order and weight of 745 piglets （from 75 litters） were recorded during a one-week period of farrowing. Only pigs weighing greater than 0.68 kg birth weight were chosen for the trial. Sow colostrum was collected during parturition, and piglets were bled between 48 and 72 hours post-birth. Piglet serum IgG and colostral IgG concentrations were determined by radial immunodiffusion. Results： Sow parity had a significant （P 〈 0.001） effect on sow colostral IgG concentration, being 5% higher in multiparous females. Sow colostral IgG concentration explained 6% and piglet birth order accounted for another 4% of the variation observed in piglet serum IgG concentration （P 〈 0.05）; however, birth weight had no detectable effect. Piglet serum IgG concentration had both a linear （P 〈 0.05） and quadratic effect （P 〈 0.05） on % survival. Piglets with 1,000 mg/dl serum IgG or less （n=24） had a 67% survival; whereas, piglets with IgG concentrations between 2250 to 2500 mg/dl （n=247） had a 91% survival. Birth order had no detectable effect on survival, but birth weight had a positive linear effect （P 〈 0.05）. Piglets weighing 0.9 kg （n = 107） at birth had a 68% survival rate, and those weighing 1.6 kg （n = 158） had an 89% survival. Conclusion： We found that the combination of sow colostrum IgG concentration and birth order can account for 10% of the variation of piglet serum IgG concentration and that piglets with less than 1,000 mg/dl IgG serum concentration and weight of 0.9 kg at birth had low survival rate when compared to their larger siblings. The effective management of colostrum uptake in neonatal piglets in the first 24 hrs post-birth may potentially improve survival from birth to weaning.

关键词： Birth order Birth weight Immunoglobulin G Colostrum Survivability

Microfibrillated Cellulose from Sugarcane Bagasse as a Biorefinery Product for Ethanol Production

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journal of Renewable Materials 2018年第2期6卷 195-202页

作者： rafael Grande Eliane Trovatti Maria Tereza B.Pimenta Antonio j.F.Carvalho University of São Paulo Av.João Dagnone 1100CEP 13563-120São CarlosSão PauloBrazil University of Araraquara(UNIARA) R.Carlos Gomes1217CEP 14801-320AraraquaraSão PauloBrazil Suzano Papel e Celulose SA Av.Lirio Correa146506460-040LimeiraSão PauloBrazil

Research involving the preparation of microfibrillated cellulose(MFC)from sugarcane bagasse is a relevant topic to the production of new nanomaterials and more accessible cellulose substrates for the production of second generation *** the transformation of cellulose into glucose,the precursor of second generation ethanol,this nanosized cellulosic substrate represents a more appropriate material for the chemical hydrolysis *** high aspect ratio of MFC improves hydrolysis,requiring mild conditions and decreasing the generation of ***,MFC was prepared from sugarcane bagasse by ultrasound *** material was oxidized with 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-N-oxyl(TEMPO)to produce negatively charged high defibrillated *** MFC was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR),X-ray diffraction(XRD),scanning electron microscopy(SEM)and viscosity measurements.

关键词： Cellulose nanofibrils substrate second generation ethanol