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Exercise-induced oxidative stress:Friend or foe?

Journal of Sport and Health Science 2020年第5期9卷 415-425页

作者： Scott K.Powers rafael deminice Mustafa Ozdemir Toshinori Yoshihara Matthew P.Bomkamp Hayden Hyatt Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology University of FloridaGainesvilleFL32608USA Department of Physical Education State University of LondrinaLondrina10011Brazil Department of Exercise and Sport Sciences Hacettepe UniversityAnkara06800Turkey Department of Exercise Physiology Juntendo UniversityTokyo270-1695Japan

The first report demonstrating that prolonged endurance exercise promotes oxidative stress in humans was published more than 4 decades *** this discovery,many ensuing investigations have corroborated the fact that muscular exercise increases the production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)and results in oxidative stress in numerous tissues including blood and skeletal *** several tissues may contribute to exercise-induced ROS production,it is predicted that muscular contractions stimulate ROS production in active muscle fibers and that skeletal muscle is a primary source of ROS production during *** contraction-induced ROS generation is associated with(1)oxidant damage in several tissues(e.g.,increased protein oxidation and lipid peroxidation),(2)accelerated muscle fatigue,and(3)activation of biochemical signaling pathways that contribute to exercise-induced adaptation in the contracting muscle *** our understanding of exercise and oxidative stress has advanced rapidly during the last decades,questions remain about whether exercise-induced increases in ROS production are beneficial or harmful to *** review addresses this issue by discussing the site(s)of oxidant production during exercise and detailing the health consequences of exercise-induced ROS production.

关键词： Hormesis Oxidants Radicals Reactive oxygen species Skeletal muscle

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Alterations in renin-angiotensin receptors are not responsible for exercise preconditioning of skeletal muscle fibers

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Sports Medicine and Health Science 2021年第3期3卷 148-156页

作者： Branden L.Nguyen Toshinori Yoshihara rafael deminice Jensen Lawrence Mustafa Ozdemir Hayden Hyatt Scott K.Powers Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology University of FloridaGainesville32611FloridaUSA Department of Exercise Physiology Juntendo UniversityTokyo270-1695Japan Department of Physical Education University of Estadual of LondrinaLondrina10011Brazil

Endurance exercise training promotes a protective phenotype in skeletal muscle known as exercise *** preconditioning protects muscle fibers against a variety of threats including inactivity-induced muscle *** mechanism(s)responsible for exercise preconditioning remain unknown and are explored in these ***,we investigated the impact of endurance exercise training on key components of the renin-angiotensin system(RAS).The RAS was targeted because activation of the classical axis of the RAS pathway via angiotensinⅡtypeⅠreceptors(AT1Rs)promotes muscle atrophy whereas activation of the non-classical RAS axis via Mas receptors(MasRs)inhibits the atrophic signaling of the classical RAS *** by prior studies,we hypothesized that an exercise-induced decrease in AT1Rs and/or increases in MasRs in skeletal muscle fibers is a potential mechanism responsible for exercise *** endurance exercise training in rats,we examined the abundance of AT1Rs and MasRs in both locomotor and respiratory *** results indicate that endurance exercise training does not alter the protein abundance of AT1Rs or MasRs in muscle fibers from the diaphragm,plantaris,and soleus muscles compared to sedentary controls(p>0.05).Furthermore,fluorescent angiotensinⅡ(AngⅡ)binding analyses confirm our results that exercise pre-conditioning does not alter the protein abundance of AT1Rs in the diaphragm,plantaris,and soleus(p>0.05).This study confirms that exercise-induced changes in RAS receptors are not a key mechanism that contributes to the beneficial effects of exercise preconditioning in skeletal muscle fibers.

关键词： Exercise preconditioning Renin-angiotensin system Skeletal muscle disuse atrophy Skeletal muscle

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Elevated homocysteine levels in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients under antiretroviral therapy: A meta-analysis

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World Journal of Virology 2015年第2期4卷 147-155页

作者： rafael deminice Talita Capoani Vieira Silva Vitor Hugo Fernando de Oliveira Department of Physical Education State University of Londrina

AIM: To evaluate the association between the levels of homocysteine(Hcy), folate, vitamin B12 in human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)-infected patients who were treated with antiretroviral therapy(ART) or not treated with ***: The Pub Med and Scielo databases were searched. Eligible studies regarding plasma Hcy level in HIV-infected patients were firstly identified. After careful analysis by two independent researches, the identified articles were included in the review according to two outcomes(1) Hcy, folate and vitamin B12 blood concentration in HIV-infected subjects vs health controls and;(2) Hcy blood concentration in HIV-infected subjects under ART vs not treated with ART. RevM an(version 5.2) was employed for data ***: A total of 12 studies were included in outcome 1(1649 participants, 932 cases and 717 controls). Outcome 1 meta-analysis demonstrated higher plasma Hcy(2.05 μmol/L; 95% CI: 0.10 to 4.00, P < 0.01) and decreased plasma folate concentrations(-2.74 ng/m L; 95%CI:-5.18 to-0.29, P < 0.01) in HIV-infected patients compared to healthy controls. No changes in vitamin B12 plasma concentration were observed between groups. All studies included in the outcome 2 meta-analysis(1167 participants; 404 HIVinfected exposed to ART and 757 HIV-infected non-ART patients) demonstrated higher mean Hcy concentration in subjects HIV-infected under ART compared to nonART HIV subjects(4.13 μmol/L; 95%CI: 1.34 to 6.92, P < 0.01).CONCLUSION: This meta-analysis demonstrated that the levels of Hcy and folate, but not vitamin B12, were associated with HIV infection. In addition, Hcy levels were higher in HIV-infected patients who were under ART compared to HIV-infected patients who were not exposed to ART. Our results suggest that hyperhomocysteinemia should be included among the several important metabolic disturbances that are associated with ART in patients with HIV infection.

关键词： Antiretroviral therapy Homocysteine Folate Vitamin B12 Human immunodeficiency virus Acquired immune deficiency syndrome

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