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Neuroimaging studies of cognitive remediation in schizophrenia:A systematic and critical review

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2017年第1期7卷 34-43页

作者： rafael Penadés Alexandre González-Rodríguez Rosa catalán Bàrbara Segura Miquel Bernardo Carme Junqué Department of Psychiatry and Psychology Clinical Institute of NeurosciencesHospital Clínic Neuropsychology Lab University of Barcelona Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer

AIM To examine the effects of cognitive remediation therapies on brain functioning through neuroimaging procedures in patients with *** A systematic, computerised literature search was conducted in the PubM ed/Medline and PsychI nfo databases. The search was performed through February 2016 without any restrictions on language or publication date. The search was performed using the following search terms: [("cogniti*" and "remediation" or "training" or "enhancement") and("fMRI" or "MRI" or "PET" or "SPECT") and(schizophrenia or schiz*)]. The search was accompanied by a manual online search and a review of the references from each of the papers selected, and those papers fulfilling our inclusion criteria were also *** A total of 101 studies were found, but only 18 of them fulfilled the inclusion criteria. These studies indicated that cognitive remediation improves brain activation in neuroimaging studies. The most commonly reported changes were those that involved the prefrontal and thalamic regions. Those findings are in agreement with the hypofrontality hypothesis, which proposes that frontal hypoactivation is the underlying mechanism of cognitive impairments in schizophrenia. Nonetheless,great heterogeneity among the studies was found. They presented different hypotheses, different results and different findings. The results of more recent studies interpreted cognitive recovery within broader frameworks, namely, as amelioration of the efficiency of different networks. Furthermore, advances in neuroimaging methodologies, such as the use of wholebrain analysis, tractography, graph analysis, and other sophisticated methodologies of data processing, might be conditioning the interpretation of results and generating new theoretical frameworks. Additionally, structural changes were described in both the grey and white matter, suggesting a neuroprotective effect of cognitive remediation. Cognitive, functional and structural improvements tend

关键词： Cognitive remediation Cognitive training Neuroimaging Cognition Prefrontal cortex Thalamus Plasticity Schizophrenia

FNDC4 and FNDC5 reduce SARS-CoV-2 entry points and spike glycoprotein S1-induced pyroptosis, apoptosis, and necroptosis in human adipocytes

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2021年第10期18卷 2457-2459页

作者： Gema Frühbeck Victoria catalán Víctor Valentí rafael Moncada Javier Gómez-Ambrosi Sara Becerril Camilo Silva Piero Portincasa Javier Escalada Amaia Rodríguez Metabolic Research Laboratory Clínica Universidad de NavarraPamplonaSpain CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición(CIBEROBN) Instituto de Salud Carlos IIIMadridSpain Obesity and Adipobiology Group Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra(IdiSNA)PamplonaSpain Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition Clínica Universidad de NavarraPamplonaSpain Department of Surgery Clínica Universidad de NavarraPamplonaSpain Department of Anesthesia Clínica Universidad de NavarraPamplonaSpain Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology Clinica Medica“A.Murri”University of Bari Medical SchoolPoliclinico HospitalBariItaly.

A sedentary lifestyle and obesity are important risk factors for severe COVID-19 complications and death[1,2].Excessive adipose tissue(AT)might contribute to more extensive viral spread with increased shedding,immune activation,and cytokine amplification[3].Several factors secreted by contracting muscle,termed myokines,mediate the beneficial effects of exercise in a wide range of diseases,including obesity[4].Thus,we conducted a study to explore the potential role of myokines of the fibronectin type III domain-containing family,FNDC4 and FNDC5,in mechanisms underlying the increased susceptibility to COVID-19 complications in obesity.

关键词： FNDC5 obesity FND

Epstein-Barr virus is related with 5-aminosalicylic acid, tonsillectomy, and CD19^+ cells in Crohn's disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第15期21卷 4666-4672页

作者： Juan C Andreu-Ballester rafael Gil-Borrás Carlos García-Ballesteros Ignacio catalán-Serra Victoria Amigo Virgina Fernández-Fígares Carmen Cuéllar Research Department Arnau de Vilanova Hospital Digestive Department Arnau de Vilanova Hospital Hematology Department Arnau de Vilanova Hospital Department of Parasitology Faculty of Pharmacy Complutense University

AIM: To study anti-Epstein-Barr virus(EBV) Ig G antibodies in Crohn′s disease in relation to treatment, immune cells, and prior tonsillectomy/***: This study included 36 CD patients and 36 healthy individuals(controls), and evaluated different clinical scenarios(new patient, remission and active disease), previous mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue removal(tonsillectomy and appendectomy) and therapeutic regimens(5-aminosalicylic acid, azathioprine, anti-tumor necrosis factor, antibiotics, and corticosteroids). T and B cells subsets in peripheral blood were analyzed by flow cytometry(markers included: CD45, CD4, CD8, CD3, CD19, CD56, CD2, CD3, TCRαβ and TCRγδ) to relate with the levels of anti-EBV Ig G antibodies, determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent ***: The lowest anti-EBV Ig G levels were observed in the group of patients that were not in a specific treatment(95.4 ± 53.9 U/m L vs 131.5 ± 46.2 U/m L, P = 0.038). The patients that were treated with 5-aminosalicylic acid showed the highest anti-EBV Ig G values(144.3 U/m L vs 102.6 U/m L, P = 0.045). CD19+ cells had the largest decrease in the group of CD patients that received treatment(138.6 vs 223.9; P = 0.022). The analysis of anti-EBV Ig G with respect to the presence or absence of tonsillectomy showed the highest values in the tonsillectomy group of CD patients(169.2 ± 20.7 U/m L vs 106.1 ± 50.3 U/m L, P = 0.002). However, in the group of healthy controls, no differences were seen between those who had been tonsillectomized and subjects who had not been operated on(134.0 ± 52.5 U/m L vs 127.7 ± 48.1 U/m L, P = 0.523).CONCLUSION: High anti-EBV Ig G levels in CD are associated with 5-aminosalicylic acid treatment, tonsillectomy, and decrease of CD19+ cells.

关键词： B cells Crohn's disease Epstein-Barr virus Tonsillectomy 5-aminosalicylic acid

Enhanced depth OCT imaging of the lamina cribrosa for 24 hours

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2017年第2期10卷 306-309页

作者： Pedro Naranjo Bonilla rafael Giménez Gómez David Ríos Jiménez María Luísa Varas Fabra María del Carmen Munoz Villanueva Rocío García catalán Pilar Font Ugalde María Soledad Poblador Fernández JoséLuís Lancho Alonso JoséMaría Gallardo Galera Department of Ophthalmology Reina Sofia University HospitalCordoba 14004Spain Methodological Support to Research Maimonides Institute for Biomedical ResearchReina Sofia University HospitalCordoba 14004Spain Department of Medicine UCO Maimonides Institute for Biomedical ResearchReina Sofia University HospitalCordoba 14004Spain Department of Morphological Sciences Faculty of MedicineCordoba 14004Spain

The lamina cribrosa thickness（LCT） could be affected by dynamic changes in its *** spectral-domainoptical coherence tomography（SD-OCT）,we have studied the behaviour of the laminar region in 14 young subjects over 24 *** changes in LCT were observed,depending on the time at which the measurement was taken,with the maximum thickness being observed at 7.30 p.m.,and the minimum at 7.30 *** finding could suggests a circadian pattern in the LCT thickness in healthy subjects,which could have implications for the classification,diagnosis and prognosis of both normal and glaucomatous subjects.

关键词： lamina cribrosa laminar region glaucoma optical coherence tomography twenty-four-hours

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor as a potential biomarker of cognitive recovery in schizophrenia

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2013年第4期3卷 93-102页

作者： rafael Penadés Rosa catalán Irene López-Vílchez Bárbara Arias Alexandre González-Rodríguez Ana M Galán Cristóbal Gastó Psychiatry and Psychology ClinicalInstitute of Neurosciences (ICN) Hospital Clínic 08036 Barcelona Spain Departmentof Psychiatry and Psychobiology University of Barcelona 08036 Barcelona Spain Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS) 08036 Barcelona Spain Centro Investigación en Red Salud Mental (CIBER-SAM) 28007 Madrid Spain Hemotherapy and Hemo-stasis Centre for Biomedical Diagnosis Hospital Clínic 08036 Barcelona Spain Department of Anthropology Faculty of Biol-ogy and Biomedicine Institute University of Barcelona 08036 Barcelona Spain

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF) has been proposed as a biomarker of schizophrenia and, more specifically, as a biomarker of cognitive recovery. Evidence collected in this review indicates that BDNF is relevant in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia and could play a role as a marker of clinical response. BDNF has been shown to play a positive role as a marker in antipsychotic treatment, and it has been demonstrated that typical antipsychotics decrease BDNF levels while atypical antipsychotics maintain or increase serum BDNF levels. Furthermore, BDNF levels have been associated with severe cognitive impairments in patients with schizophrenia. Consequently, BDNF has been proposed as a candidate target of strategies to aid the cognitive recovery process. There is some evidence suggesting that BDNF could be mediating neurobiological processes underlying cognitive recovery. Thus, serum BDNF levels seem to be involved in some synaptic plasticity and neurotransmission processes. Additionally, serum BDNF levels significantly increased in schizophrenia subjects after neuroplasticity-based cognitive training. If positive replications of those findings are published in the future then serum BDNF levels could be definitely postulated as a peripheral biomarker for the effects of intensive cognitive training or any sort of cognitive recovery in schizophrenia. All in all, the current consideration of BDNF as a biomarker of cognitive recovery in schizophrenia is promising but still premature.

关键词： Schizophrenia Brain-derived neurotrophic factor Cognition Biomarkers

Safety and visual outcomes following posterior chamber phakic intraocular lens bilensectomy

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Eye and Vision 2020年第1期7卷 328-335页

作者： Veronica Vargas Jorge L.Alió rafael I.Barraquer Justin Christopher D’Antin Cristina García Francisco Duch Joan Balgos Jorge LAliódel Barrio Vissum Instituto Oftalmológico de Alicante AlicanteSpain Division of Ophthalmology Universidad Miguel HernándezAlicanteSpain Institut Universitari Barraquer Universitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain Centro de Oftalmología Barraquer BarcelonaSpain Universitat Internacional de catalunya BarcelonaSpain Clínica Real Vision MadridSpain Instituto catalán de Retina(ICR)unidad de Cirugía Refractiva BarcelonaSpain

Background:To evaluate the safety,efficacy,refractive outcomes and causes for bilensectomy(phakic intraocular lens–pIOL–explantation with cataract surgery and pseudophakic intraocular lens implantation)in patients previously implanted with posterior chamber ***:This multi-center retrospective study included 87 eyes of 55 patients who underwent bilensectomy for posterior chamber pIOL with a follow up time of 12 *** uncorrected and best corrected distance visual acuities(UDVA,CDVA),endothelial cell density before and after bilensectomy were assessed,as well as the cause of bilensectomy and intra or postoperative ***:There was a statistically significant improvement in uncorrected and best corrected visual acuities after bilensectomy(p=0.00).The main reason for bilensectomy was cataract development(93.1%of the cases),followed by miscalculation of lens size,and corneal *** endothelial cell count remained stable without a statistically significant change after surgery(p=0.67).The refractive efficacy index was 0.8,none of the patients lost lines of CDVA after surgery,73%of the patients were within±1 D(spherical equivalent)of the target *** complications were one posterior capsule rupture with the intraocular lens(IOL)implanted in the sulcus,and 3 eyes required the use of pupil expanders for adequate pupil ***,one eye developed retinal *** three pIOLs models explanted were the Implantable Collamer Lens(ICL),Implantable Phakic Contact Lens(IPCL)and the Phakic Refractive Lens(PRL).Conclusions:Good safety and visual outcomes were observed 1 year after bilensectomy for posterior chamber phakic intraocular lenses(PC pIOLs).There were few intra and postoperative complications and there was no significant endothelial cell loss after the bilensectomy procedure.

关键词： Bilensectomy Posterior chamber phakic intraocular lenses Cataract Endothelial cell count Visual outcomes Postoperative complications Intraoperative complications

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ACE Score Identifies HBeAg-negative Inactive Carriers at a Single-point Evaluation,Regardless of HBV Genotype

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Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2022年第6期10卷 1068-1076页

作者： Luisa Roade Mar Riveiro-Barciela Adriana Palom Francisco Rodríguez-Frías Marta Bes Ariadna Rando María Teresa Salcedo Rosario Casillas Elena Vargas-Accarino David Tabernero Silvia Sauleda rafael Esteban María Buti Liver Unit Internal Medicine DepartmentHospital Universitari Vall d’HebronVall d’Hebron Barcelona Hospital CampusBarcelonaSpain Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona(UAB) Department of MedicineBarcelonaSpain Universitat Au-tònoma de Barcelona(UAB) Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyBarcelonaSpain Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas(CIBERehd) Instituto de Salud Carlos IIIMadridSpain Liver Pathology Lab Biochemistry and Microbiology Departments(Clinical Laboratories)Hospital Universitari Vall d’HebronVall d’Hebron Barcelona Hospital CampusBarcelonaSpain Vall d’Hebron Institut de Recerca(VHIR) Liver Diseases GroupBarcelonaSpain Transfusion Safety Laboratory Banc de Sang i TeixitsServei Catalàde la SalutBarcelonaSpain De-partment of Pathology Hospital Universitari Vall d’HebronUniversitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain

Background and Aims:Hepatitis B virus(HBV)biomark-ers have been used for a better categorization of patients,even though the lack of simple algorithms and the impact of genotypes limit their *** aim was to assess the usefulness of noninvasive markers for the identification of HBV inactive carriers(ICs)in a single-point evaluation and to design a predictive model for their ***-ods:This retrospective-prospective study included 343 consecutive HBeAg-negative ***,analytical,and virological data were collected,and a liver biopsy was performed if *** were classified at the end of follow-up as ICs,chronic hepatitis B and gray zone.A pre-dictive model was constructed,and validated by 1000-boot-strap ***:After 39 months of follow-up,298 subjects were ICs,36 were chronic hepatitis B CHB,and nine were gray ***-nine(25.9%)individuals re-quired a liver *** HBV DNA hazard ratio(HR)6.0,p<0.001),HBV core-related antigen(HBcrAg)(HR 6.5,p<0.001),and elastography(HR 4.6,p<0.001)were inde-pendently associated with the IC *** ACE score(HBV DNA,HBcrAg,elastography),obtained by bootstrapping,yielded an area under the receiver operating characteris-tics(AUROC)of 0.925(95%CI:0.880-0.970,p<0.001)for identification of *** AUROC for genotype D was 0.95,0.96 for A,0.90 for E,and 0.88 for H/*** ACE score of<1 had a positive predictive value of 99.5%,and a score≤12 points had a diagnostic accuracy of 93.8%.Conclusions:Low baseline HBV DNA,HBcrAg,and liver stiffness were in-dependently associated with the IC phase.A score including those variables identified ICs at a single-point evaluation,and might be applied to implement less intensive follow-up strategies.

关键词： Hepatitis B virus Inactive carrier Liver stiffness HBV DNA Quan-titative HBsAg Core-related antigen.

GOECP/SEOR clinical recommendations for lung cancer radiotherapy during the COVID-19 pandemic

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World Journal of Clinical Oncology 2020年第8期11卷 510-527页

作者： Felipe Couñago Arturo Navarro-Martin Javier Luna Nuria Rodríguez de Dios Aurora Rodríguez Francesc Casas rafael García Antonio Gómez-Caamaño Jorge Contreras Javier Serrano Department of Radiation Oncology Hospital Universitario Quirónsalud MadridPozuelo de AlarcónMadrid 28223Spain Clinical Department Hospital La LuzMadridFaculty of BiomedicineUniversidad EuropeaMadrid 28223Spain Department of Radiation Oncology Institut Catalád’OncologiaL’Hospitalet de LlobregatBarcelona 08908Spain Department of Radiation Oncology Hospital Fundación Jiménez DíazMadrid 28040Spain Department of Radiation Oncology Hospital del MarBarcelona 08003Spain Department of Radiation Oncology Hospital Ruber InternacionalMadrid 28034Spain Department of Radiation Oncology Thoracic UnitHospital ClínicBarcelona 08036Spain Department of Radiaiton Oncology Hospital Ruber InternacionalMadrid 28034Spain Department of Radiation Oncology Hospital Clínico Universitario Santiago de CompostelaA Coruña 15706Spain Department of Radiation Oncology Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga29010Spain Department of Radiation Oncology Clínica Universidad de NavarraMadrid 28027Spain

The coronavirus disease 2019 crisis has had a major and highly complex impact on the clinical practice of radiation oncology *** is one of the countries hardest hit by the virus,with devastating *** is an urgent need to share experiences and offer guidance on decision-making with regard to the indications and standards for radiation therapy in the treatment of lung *** the present article,the Oncological Group for the Study of Lung Cancer of the Spanish Society of Radiation Oncology reviews the literature and establishes a series of consensus-based recommendations for the treatment of patients with lung cancer in different clinical scenarios during the present pandemic.

关键词： Lung cancer COVID-19 Pandemic Radiotherapy Recommendations