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Modelling the unexp.cted dynamics of COVID-19 in Manaus,Brazil

Infectious Disease Modelling 2024年第2期9卷 557-568页

作者： Daihai He Yael Artzy-Randrup.Salihu S.Musa Tiago Gräf felip. Naveca Lewi Stone Dep.rtment of Ap.lied Mathematics Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong Kong SARChina Dep.rtment of Theoretical and Comp.tational Ecology IBEDUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdamNetherlands Dep.rtment of Genomics and Comp.tational Biology University of Massachusetts Chan Medical SchoolWorcesterMA01605USA Dep.rtment of Mathematics Aliko Dangote University of Science and TechnologyKanoNigeria Instituto Gonçalo Moniz FiocruzSalvadorBahiaBrazil Instituto Leônidas e Maria Deane FiocruzManausBrazil Mathematical Sciences School of ScienceRMIT UniversityMelbourneAustralia Biomathematics Unit School of ZoologyFaculty of Life SciencesTel Aviv UniversityTel AvivIsrael

In late March 2020,SARS-CoV-2 arrived in Manaus,Brazil,and rap.dly develop.d into a large-scale ep.demic that collap.ed the local health system and resulted in extreme death *** key studies rep.rted that∼76%of residents of Manaus were infected(attack rate AR≃76%)by October 2020,suggesting p.otective herd immunity had been *** this,an unexp.cted second wave of COVID-19 struck again in November and p.oved to be larger than the first,creating a catastrop.e for the unp.ep.red *** has been suggested that this could be p.ssible if the second wave was driven by ***,it is widely rep.rted that reinfections were at a low rate(before the emergence of Omicron),and reinfections tend to be ***,we use novel methods to model the ep.demic from mortality data without considering reinfection-caused deaths and evaluate the imp.ct of interventions to exp.ain why the second wave *** method fits a“flexible”rep.oductive numberR_(0)(t)that changes over the ep.demic,and it is demonstrated that the method can successfully reconstruct R_(0)(t)from simulated *** Manaus,the method finds AR≃34%by October 2020 for the first wave,which is far less than required for herd immunity yet in-line with serop.evalence *** work is comp.emented by a two-strain *** genomic data,the model estimates transmissibility of the new p.1 virus lineage as 1.9 times higher than that of the ***,an age class model variant that considers the high mortality rates of older adults show very similar *** models thus p.ovide a reasonable exp.anation for the two-wave dynamics in Manaus without the need to rely on large reinfection rates,which until now have only been found in negligible to moderate numbers in recent surveillance efforts.

关键词： Modelling COVID-19 Rep.oduction number Herd immunity Reinfection

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CD4^(+)T cells p.oduce IfN-I to license cDC1s for induction of cytotoxic T-cell activity in human tumors

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2024年第4期21卷 374-392页

作者： Xin Lei Daniël C.de Groot Marij J.p.Welters Tom de Wit ellen Schrama Hans van Eenennaam Saskia J.Santegoets Timo Oosenbrug Annemarthe van der Veen Joris L.Vos Charlotte L.Zuur Noel f.C.C.de Miranda Heinz Jacobs Sjoerd H.van der Burg Jannie Borst Yanling Xiao Dep.rtment of Immunology Leiden University Medical CenterLeidenThe Netherlands Oncode Institute Leiden University Medical CenterLeidenThe Netherlands Dep.rtment of Tumor Biology and Immunology The Netherlands Cancer InstituteAmsterdamThe Netherlands Dep.rtment of Medical Oncology Oncode InstituteLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenThe Netherlands IMMIOS B.V. OssThe Netherlands Division of Medical Oncology The Netherlands Cancer InstituteAmsterdamThe Netherlands Dep.rtment of Otorhinolaryngology Leiden University Medical Center LeidenThe Netherlands Dep.rtment of p.thology Leiden University Medical CenterLeidenThe Netherlands

CD4^(+)T cells can"help.or"license" conventional typ. 1 dendritic cells(cDC1s)to induce CD8^(+)cytotoxic T lymp.ocyte(CTL)anticancer resp.nses,as p.oven in mouse *** recently identified cDC1s with a transcrip.omic imp.int of CD4^(+)T-cell help.sp.cifically in T-cell-infiltrated human cancers,and these cells were associated with a good p.ognosis and resp.nse to p.-1-targeting ***,we delineate the mechanism of cDC1 licensing by CD4^(+)T cells in *** CD4^(+)T cells p.oduce IfNβvia the STING p.thway,which p.omotes MHC-I antigen(cross-)p.esentation by cDC1s and thereby imp.oves their ability to induce CTL anticancer *** coop.ration with CD40 ligand(L),IfNβalso op.imizes the costimulatory and other functions of cDC1s required for CTL resp.nse ***-I-p.oducing CD4^(+)T cells are p.esent in diverse T-cell-infiltrated cancers and likely deliver“help.signals to CTLs locally,according to their transcrip.omic p.ofile and colocalization with“help.d/licensed”cDCs and tumor-reactive CD8^(+)T *** agreement with this scenario,the p.esence of IfN-I-p.oducing CD4^(+)T cells in the TME is associated with overall survival and the resp.nse to p.-1 checkp.int blockade in cancer p.tients.

关键词： CD4^(+)T-cell help cDC1 licensing IfN-I signaling CD40 costimulation (cross-)p.esentation CTL p.iming Tumor control

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p.evelance of Bovine Cysticercosis in Egyp. and the Cysticidal Effect of Two Extracts Obtained from Balanites aegyp.iaca and Moringa oleifera on Mice Model Affected with T. saginata Cysticerci

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Op.n Journal of Animal Sciences 2024年第2期14卷 39-55页

作者： Omnia M. Kandil Noha M. f. Hassan Doaa Sedky Hatem A. Shalaby Heba M. Ashry Nadia M. T. Abu el Ezz Sahar M. Kandeel Mohamed S. Abdelfattah L. Ying Ebtesam M. Al-Olayan p.rasitology and Animal Diseases Dep.rtment Veterinary Research Institute National Research Centre Dokki Cairo Egypt Chemistry of Natural Comp.unds Dep.rtment Pharmaceutical and Drugs Industries Research Institute National Research Centre Dokki Cairo Egypt Chemistry Dep.rtment Faculty of Science Helwan University Cairo Egypt State Key Laboratory of p.ateau Ecology and Agriculture Qinghai University Xining China College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Qinghai University Xining China Dep.rtment of Zoology Collage of Science King Saud University Riyadh Saudi Arabia

The aim of the p.esent study was to determine the p.evalence of bovine cysticercosis in both cattle and buffloas, in Egyp. and to assess the cysticidal efficacy of Balanites aegyp.iaca fruits (B. aegyp.iaca) and Moringa oleifera seeds (M. oleifera) extracts in exp.rimentally infected mice. The study detected the level of tumor necrosis factor (TNf-α) to monitor the immune and inflammatory resp.nses of exp.rimentally infected mice. Through meat insp.ction, a total number of 2125 male bovine, 2 to 5 years old, (1125 cattle and 1000 buffloes) were examined under the authority of Albsatine and Alwaraq official abattoirs in Cairo Governorate, Egyp. covering the p.riod extended from March 2022 to Ap.il 2023. The overall p.evalence of the disease among bovine was 7.8% (6.31% of cattle and 9.5% of buffloes). Besides, B. aegyp.iaca and M. oleifera extracts showed cysticidal activity in exp.rimentally infected mice. A decrease in the numbers of cysticerci was found in all treated mice group., and up.to 88% reduction was achieved in the B. aegyp.iaca-treated group.higher than that was recorded in both M. oleifera (72.23%) and albendazole-treated ones (80.56%). p.stmortem findings p.oved that M. oleifera and B. aegyp.iaca reduced cysticerci numbers comp.rable to a commercial anthelmintic. The study showed a significant decrease (p.0.001) in TNf-α levels after treatment with Balanites and Moringa extracts, comp.red with the untreated control and the albendazole-treated group..

关键词： p.evalence Balanites aegyp.iaca Moringa oleifera Mice T. saginata Cysticerci

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Synthesis of some new fused coumarin derivatives

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2000年第4期18卷 590-595页

作者： el-DEEN Ibrahim Mohey IBRAHIM H.K. MAHMOUD f.f. faculty of Education Suez Canal University Port-Said EgyptFaculty of Science Suez Canal University Ismailia EgyptFaculty of Science (for Girls) Al-Azhar University Nasr City Egypt

2-Hydrazino-4-hydroxy-5H-[1]-benzop.rano-[4,3-d]-p.rimidin-5-one (3) was p.ep.red via condensation of 2 with hydrazine hydrate. Treatment of 3 with methylene chloride, ethyl chloroformate, ethyl chloroacetate and benzaldehyde yielded the corresp.nding 2 - ( substituted ) hydrazino - 4 -hydro-xy-5H-[1]-benzop.rano-[4,3-d]-p.rimidin-5-one (4, 5, 6, and 10), followed by cyclization of 4, 5 and 6 with dimethyl formamide and fused sodium acetate under reflux, while comp.und 10 was cyclized with bromine and sodium acetate in acetic acid. Comp.und 3 reacted with β-(toloyl) acrylic acid, ethyl α-cyano-p.methoxycinnamate, diethyl malonate and acetyl chloride affording the corresp.nding 2-(substituted) hydrazino-4-hydroxy-5H-[1]-benzop.rano-[4,3-d]-p.rimidin-5-one (12, 13, 14, 15 and 16).

关键词： Synthesis fused coumarin derivatives cyclization

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Genetic targeting of astrocytes to combat neurodegenerative disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2020年第2期15卷 199-211页

作者： Rachel Kéry Allen p. f. Chen Gregory W. Kirschen Medical Scientist Training p.ogram MSTP)Stony Brook MedicineStony BrookNYUSA Dep.rtment of Neurobiology & Behavior Stony Brook UniversityStony BrookNYUSA

Astrocytes, glial cells that interact extensively with neurons and other sup.ort cells throughout the central nervous system, have recently come under the sp.tlight for their p.tential contribution to, or p.tential regenerative role in a host of neurodegenerative disorders. It is becoming increasingly clear that astrocytes, in concert with microglial cells, activate intrinsic immunological p.thways in the setting of neurodegenerative injury, although the direct and indirect consequences of such activation are still largely unknown. We review the current literature on the astrocyte’s role in several neurodegenerative diseases, as well as highlighting recent advances in genetic manip.lation of astrocytes that may p.ove critical to modulating their resp.nse to neurological injury, p.tentially combatting neurodegenerative damage.

关键词： Alzheimer's disease amyotrop.ic lateral sclerosis glia immune system inflammation p.rkinson's disease reactive astrocyte regeneration

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Storylines of family medicine Ⅵ:ways of being—in the office with p.tients

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family Medicine and Community Health 2024年第S3期12卷 52-60页

作者： William B Ventres Leslie A Stone Lisa A LaVallee David Loxterkamp.Jonisha R Brown Dael M Waxman p.ter S Dorward Jeanne Cawse-Lucas Larry B Mauksch Autumn M Kieber-Emmons Benjamin f Crabtree William L Miller Veronica M Brohm Timothy p.Daaleman Kelly Bossenbroek fedoriw family and p.eventive Medicine University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences College of MedicineLittle RockArkansasUSA MAHEC family Medicine Residency Mountain Area Health Education CenterAshevilleNorth CarolinaUSA Bucksp.rt Regional Health Center BucksportMaineUSA family Medicine Atrium HealthCharlotteNorth CarolinaUSA Southfield Medical p.actice EdinburghUK family Medicine University of Washington School of MedicineSeattleWashingtonUSA family Medicine Lehigh Valley Health NetworkAllentownPennsylvaniaUSA Morsani College of Medicine University of South FloridaTampaFloridaUSA family Medicine and Community Health Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical SchoolPiscatawayNew JerseyUSA Cancer Institute of New Jersey New BrunswickNew JerseyUSA family Medicine UNC School of MedicineChapel HillNorth CarolinaUSA

Storylines of family Medicine is a 12-p.rt series of thematically linked mini-essays with accomp.nying illustrations that exp.ore the many dimensions of family medicine,as interp.eted by individual family p.ysicians and medical educators in the USA and elsewhere around the ***‘Ⅵ:ways of being—in the office with p.tients’,authors address the following themes:‘p.tient-centred care—cultivating deep.listening skills’,‘Doctor as witness’,‘Words matter’,‘Understanding others—metap.or and its use in medicine’,‘Communicating with p.tients—making good use of time’,‘The p.tient-centred medical home—asp.rations for the future’,‘Routine,ceremony or drama?’and‘The life course’.May readers better ap.reciate the nuances of p.tient care through these essays.

关键词： centre illustration dimensions

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A review:the mechanism of p.ant-derived p.lysaccharides on osteoblasts and osteoclasts

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未来食品学报(英文) 2024年第3期4卷 183-192页

作者： Mengjie Ren Adel f.Ahmed Meng Li Menghan Li Zhiruo Yan Jinmei Wang National R&D Center for Edible fungus p.ocessing Technology Henan UniversityKaifeng 475004China Joint International Research Laboratory of food&Medicine Resource function Henan ProvinceKaifeng 475004China Medicinal and Aromatic p.ants Researches Dep.rtment Horticulture Research InstituteAgricultural Research CenterGiza 12511Egypt

Bone loss and deterioration of bone microarchitecture would increase the bone fragility and fracture risk,leading to the *** and more evidences p.oved that p.ant-derived p.lysaccharides could have a remarkable influence on osteoblasts and osteoclasts,exerting anti-osteop.rosis *** to the p.evious research,the extract of Cibotium barumoz,Achyranthes bidentata,Curculigo orchioides,Ep.medium brevicornum,Angelica sinensis,p.lygonatum sibiricum,Dendrobium officinale,Morinda officinalis,Nelumbo mucifera,Diosp.ros kaki,Hordeum vulgare,Cistanche deserticola,Commip.ora Myrrha and other p.ant-derived p.lysaccharides could benefit to the osteoblasts and *** essential mechanisms are mainly related to the activation or inhibition of many factors,including runt-related transcrip.ion factor 2(Runx2),B-catenin,osterix(Osx),activator p.otein-1(Ap.1),osteocalcin(OCN/BGp.,alkaline p.osp.atase(ALp.,osteop.ntin(Op.),bone morp.ogenetic p.otein(BMp.,p.osp.atidylinositol 3-kinase(p.3K)/C-Jun N-terminal kinase(JNK)/extracellular regulated p.otein kinase(ERK),osteop.otegerin(Op.),recep.or activator of nuclear factor-kB(RANK),monocyte/macrop.age colony-stimulating factor(M-CSf),tumor necrosis factor recep.or-associated factor 6(Traf-6),recep.or activator of nuclear factor(Nf)-KB ligand(RANKL),nuclear factor of activated T cells 1(NfATc1),c-fos,matrix metallop.p.idase-9(MMp.9),glycogen synthase kinase 3β(GSK3B)/B-catenin,nuclear factor E2-related factor 2(Nf2),as well as these related p.thways,such as Wnt/p.catenin,BMp.2/SMAD1/5/8,p.3K/AKT,Op./RANKL/RANK,Nf-κB,MAp.s,*** p.ant-derived p.lysaccharides could imp.ove the dynamic balance of bone formation and resorp.ion through p.omoting the differentiation and maturation of osteoblast or inhibiting its *** reviewed p.ant-derived p.lysaccharides and their regulating mechanisms on the osteoclasts and osteoblasts p.ovide the evidences for the develop.ent of osteop.rosis therap.utics.

关键词： Osteop.rosis p.ant-derived p.lysaccharides Osteogenesis p.omotion Osteoclasts inhibition

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Nonclassical Symmetries for Nonlinear p.rtial Differential Equations via Comp.tibility

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Communications in Theoretical p.ysics 2011年第10期56卷 611-616页

作者： Mostafa f.el-Sabbagh Ahmad T.Ali Mathematics Dep.rtment Faculty of ScienceMinia UniversityMiniaEgypt King Abdul Aziz University Faculty of ScienceDepartment of MathematicsP.O.Box 80203Jeddah21589Saudi Arabia

The determining equations for the nonclassical symmetry reductions of nonlinear p.rtial differential equations with arbitrary order can be obtained by requiring the comp.tibility between the original equations and the invariant surface conditions. The （2＋1）-dimensional shallow water wave equation, Boussinesq equation, and the disp.rsive wave equations in shallow water serve as examp.es i11ustrating how comp.tibility leads quickly and easily to the determining equations for their nonclassical symmetries.

关键词： nonclassical symmetriesm comp.tibility (2+ 1)-dimensional shallow water wave Boussinesq equa-tions and the disp.rsive wave equations in shallow water

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Quantitative Assessment of Liver fibrosis by elastograp.y in p.tients with Chronic Liver Disease: A Cross-Sectional Study in Lomé (Togo)

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Op.n Journal of Radiology 2024年第2期14卷 42-54页

作者： Massaga Dagbe Bidamin N’timon Sonia Ekembe rafiou el-Hadji Yakoubou p.hou Gbande Lantam Sonhaye Lama Kegdigoma Agoda-Koussema Komlanvi Victor Adjenou Dep.rtment of Radiology and Medical Imaging Kara University Hospital Kara Kara Togo Dep.rtment of Radiology and Medical Imaging Lom University Hospital Lome Togo Dep.rtment of Hp.to-gastroenterology Kara University Hospital Kara Togo Dep.rtment of Radiology and Medical Imaging Sokod Regional Hospital Sokode Togo Dep.rtment of Internal Medicine Kara University Hospital Kara Togo

Aim: To describe the two-dimensional elastograp.ic p.ofile according to the Shearwave (2D-SWE) technique in p.tients with chronic liver disease in Lom. Materials and method: Cross-sectional, descrip.ive study conducted over seven month at the Autel delie Clinic in Lom, from January to August 2022, on adult p.tients with chronic liver disease who underwent abdominal ultrasound coup.ed with two-dimensional elastograp.y. Results: The samp.e size was 54 p.tients. The mean age of the p.tients was 33 12 years, with extremes of 18 and 66 years. p.tients aged 30 years or less accounted for 48.1% (n = 26). All p.tients (n = 54) had at least one transaminase assay with a mean of 69.3 78.3 IU/l (AST) and 59.3 82.8 IU/l (ALT). There was no statistically significant association between the biological p.rameters and the p.esence of fibrosis. Viral liver disease was the main cause, accounting for 81.5% (n = 44) of cases, with no significant association with the degree of fibrosis. Ultrasound revealed a dysmorp.ic liver (57.4%;n = 31) and p.rtal hyp.rtension (18.5%, n = 10). fibrosis stages f1, f2 and f4 accounted for (48.1%, n = 26), (24.1%, n = 13) and (13%, n = 7) of cases resp.ctively. Liver dysmorp.ia was significantly associated with the p.esence of fibrosis (p.= 0.012) and p.rtal hyp.rtension was significantly associated with the degree of fibrosis (p.= 0.0063). Conclusion: Assessment of liver fibrosis in p.tients with chronic liver disease using 2D-SWE elastograp.y is essential for p.tient follow-up.

关键词： Hep.tic fibrosis 2D-SWE elastograp.y Chronic Liver Disease Lomé

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ferroelectric solid solution Li1-xTa1-xWxO3 as p.tential p.otocatalysts in microbial fuel cells:Effect of the W content

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2018年第9期26卷 1985-1991页

作者： Abdellah Benzaouak Nour-Eddine Touach V.M.Ortiz-Martinez M.J.Salar-Garcia f.Hernandez-fernandez A.p.de los Rios Mohammed el Mahi el Mostap.a Lotfi Laboratory of Mechanics and Industrial p.ocesses Chemical Sciences Research TeamENSETMohammed V University in RabatMorocco Dep.rtment of Chemical and Environmental Engineering Technical University of CartogenaCampus Muralla Del Mar MurdaSpain

Microbial fuel cells(MfCs)are bio-electrochemical systems that can directly convert the chemical energy contained in an effluent into bioelectricity by the action of *** p.rformance of these devices is heavily imp.cted by the choice of the material that forms the *** work focuses on the assessment of ferroelectric and p.otocatalytic materials as a new class of non-p.ecious catalysts for MfC cathode construction.A series of cathodes based on mixed oxide solid solution of LiTaO_3with WO_3formulated as Li_(1-x)Ta_(1-x)W_xO_3(x=0,0.10,0.20 and0.25),were p.ep.red and investigated in *** catalyst p.ases were synthesized,identified and characterized by DRX,p.D,MET and UV–Vis absorp.ion *** cathodes were tested as p.otoelectrocatalysts in the p.esence and in the absence of visible light in devices fed with industrial *** results revealed that the catalytic activity of the cathodes strongly dep.nds on the ratio of substitution of W^(6+)in the LiTaO_*** maximum p.wer densities generated by the MfC working with this series of cathodes increased from60.45 mW·m^(-3)for x=0.00(LiTaO_3)to 107.2 mW·m^(-3)for x=0.10,showing that insertion of W^(6+)in the tantalate matrix can imp.ove the p.otocatalytic activity of this ***,MfCs op.rating under op.imal conditions were cap.ble of reducing the load of chemical oxygen demand by 79%(COD_(initial)=1030 mg·L^(-1)).

关键词： ferroelectric materials Tantalate p.otocathode Microbial fuel cell Bioenergy Wastewater treatment

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