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The Use of Sta.da.dized Reporting a.d Time-in-Ra.ge in the Ma.a.ement of Dia.etes: a.Consensus Report

Interna.iona. Journa. of Clinica. Medicine 2021年第8期12卷 316-327页

作者： Sa.d a. Sifri a.na. a.sha.kh Ba.sa. Bin-a.ba. Ema. Shesha. Fa.a. a. Sa.a.n Moha.med a.-Da.ish Moha.med a.-Duba.ee Na.eed a.-Za.a. Raed A. Al-Dahash Sa.d a.za.ra.i Ema. R. Issa. Endocrinology a.d Dia.etes Depa.tment Alhada and Taif Armed Forces Hospitals Taif Saudi Arabia Pedia.rics Depa.tment King Abdulaziz Medical City—Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs King Khalid National Guard Hospital Jeddah Saudi Arabia Pedia.rics Depa.tment King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center Riyadh Saudi Arabia Endocrinology Depa.tment King Salman hospital Riyadh Saudi Arabia Endocrinology Depa.tment Security forces hospital program Riyadh Saudi Arabia Endocrinology Depa.tment Prince Sultan Military Medical City (PSMMC) Riyadh Saudi Arabia Pedia.rics Depa.tment Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs-Riyadh Riyadh Saudi Arabia Endocrinology Depa.tment Taibah University Madina Saudi Arabia Interna. Medicine Depa.tment King Abdulaziz Medical City—National Guard Riyadh Saudi Arabia Endocrinology Depa.tment Medical Director OEMC King Fahad Medical City Riyadh Saudi Arabia Interna. Medicine Depa.tment Faculty of Medicine Ain-Shams University Cairo Egypt

Introduction: The exha.stion of hea.thca.e resources due to the rising preva.ence in Sa.di a.a.ia.ma.da.es the sea.ch for ea.h method tha. ca. help in better control of dia.etes. Methods: The ga.hered ta.k force ga.h-ered to develop a. explicit, evidence-ba.ed consensus for the use of time-in-ra.ge ta.gets a. guida.ce for better glycemic control while using continuous glucose monitoring (CGM). This a.ticle ha. the recommenda.tions of this expert pa.el. Results: Hba.c a.d self-monitoring blood glu-cose (SMBG) a.e not enough to detect blood glucose (BG) fluctua.ions on a.da.ly ba.is. The incorpora.ion of technology like FreeStyle Libre with its a.plica.ions like Libre View is now used in ma.y institutes in Sa.di a.a.bia. This system is comprehensive a.d ha. a.l the sta.da.dized metrics needed. However, tra.ning a.d support a.e a.wa.s needed. Ba.riers a.d cha.lenges include the a.a.eness & experience of the technology, the time ba.rier, the pa.ients’ ba.riers, the technica. ba.riers, a.d of course, the a.a.la.ility ba.rier. a.l the ba.riers a.d cha.lenges should be dea.t with by designing new tra.ning progra.s. Conclusion: The expert pa.el recom-mended using CGMs technology in people with type 1 dia.etes (T1DM) children a.d a.ults, type 2 dia.etes (T2DM) on multiple insulin injections, gesta.iona. dia.etes (GDM) who need further glycemic control, a.d those a. high risk for hypoglycemia. In a.dition, we recommend using them for a.short period for those who require intensive BG control or during a.ute illness or stress. In a.dition, a.bula.ory Glucose Profile (a.P) could be used a. a. educa.iona. tool for a.y individua.s with DM to study the im-pa.t of certa.n elements of lifestyle modifica.ions on their immedia.e BG level.

关键词： Dia.etes Time in Ra.ge Glycemic Control Hba.c

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Genetic a.gorithm Routing Protocol for Mobile a. Hoc Network

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Computers, Ma.eria.s & Continua 2021年第7期68卷 941-960页

作者： raed a.sa.our Sa.f Ka.a. Ma.a.a.delha. Ya.a. a. Jeroudi Depa.tment of Informa.ion Technology College of Computing and InformaticsSaudi Electronic University93499RiyadhSaudi Arabia Depa.tment of Computer Technology Engineering Iraq University College(IUC)BasraIraq Depa.tment of Informa.ion Technology College of Computer and Information SciencesPrincess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University84428RiyadhSaudi Arabia Depa.tment of Mecha.ica. Engineering International Islamic University MalaysiaJalan Gombak53100SelangorMalaysia

Mobile a. hoc network(Ma.ET)is a.dyna.ica.ly reconfigura.le wireless network with time-va.ia.le infra.tructure.Given tha. nodes a.e highly mobile,Ma.ET’s topology often cha.ges.These cha.ges increa.e the difficulty in finding the routes tha. the pa.kets use when they a.e routed.This study proposes a. a.gorithm ca.led genetic a.gorithm-ba.ed loca.ion-a.ded routing(Ga.a.)to enha.ce the Ma.ET routing protocol efficiency.The Ga.a. a.gorithm ma.nta.ns a. a.a.tive upda.e of the node loca.ion informa.ion by a.ding the tra.smitting node loca.ion informa.ion to the routing pa.ket a.d selecting the tra.smitting node to ca.ry the pa.kets to their destina.ion.The Ga.a. wa. constructed ba.ed on a.genetic optimiza.ion scheme tha. considers a.l contributing fa.tors in the delivery beha.ior using criterion function optimiza.ion.Simula.ion results showed tha. the Ga.a. a.gorithm ca. ma.e the proba.ility of pa.ket delivery ra.io more tha. 99%with less network overhea..Moreover,Ga.a. wa. compa.ed to other a.gorithms in terms of different network eva.ua.ion mea.ures.The Ga.a. a.gorithm significa.tly outperformed the other a.gorithms tha. were used in the study.

关键词： Mobile a. hoc network loca.ion-a.ded routing protocol loca.ion informa.ion genetic a.gorithm

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Cognitive Ra.io Networks Using Intelligent Reflecting Surfa.es

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Computer Systems Science & Engineering 2022年第11期43卷 751-765页

作者： raed a.ha.a. Informa.ion Technology Depa.tment Saudi Electronic UniversityRiaydhKingdom of Saudi Arabia

In this a.ticle,we optimize ha.vesting a.d sensing dura.ion for Cognitive Ra.io Networks(CRN)using Intelligent Reflecting Surfa.es(IRS).The seconda.y source ha.vests energy using the received signa. from node a.Then,it performs spectrum sensing to detect Prima.y Source PS a.tivity.When PS a.tivity is not detected,The Seconda.y Source SS tra.smits da.a.to Seconda.y Destina.ion SD where a.l reflected signa.s on IRS a.e in pha.e a. SD.We show tha. IRS offers 14,20,26,32,38,44,50 dB enha.cement in throughput using M=8,16,32,64,128,256,512 reflectors with respect to CRN without IRS.We a.so suggested to a.d a.second IRS between a.a.d SS to increa.e the ha.vested energy.The use of 2 IRS with M1=8 reflectors in the first IRS a.d M2=8 reflectors in the second IRS offers 18 dB ga.n(respectively 32 dB)ga.n with respect to a.single IRS with M2=8 reflectors(respectively without IRS).The use of 2 IRS with M1=16 reflectors in the first IRS a.d M2=8 reflectors in the second IRS offers 28 dB ga.n(respectively 42 dB)ga.n with respect to a.single IRS with M2=8 reflectors(respectively without IRS).Our results a.e va.id for Na.a.a.i cha.nels of fa.ing figure m.We a.so provide the throughput of IRS with energy ha.vesting.We ha.e studied pa.ket wa.ting time a.d tota. dela. in the presence a.d a.sence or IRS.a. Signa. to Noise Ra.io(SNR)per bit equa. to 0 dB,pa.ket wa.ting time is 0.9 ms when there is no IRS a.d 0.5 ms when there is a. IRS with M=8 reflector.a. SNR per bit equa. to 0 dB,tota. tra.smission dela. is 54 ms when there is no IRS a.d 1.5 ms when there is a. IRS with M=8 reflectors.We show tha. the energy efficiency is la.ger when both ha.vesting a.d sensing dura.ions a.e optimized.The ma.imum of energy efficiency is 260 Mbit/s/Hz/J when ha.vesting a.d sensing dura.ions a.e optimized while the ma.imum is 80 Mbit/s/Hz/J when ha.vesting a.d sensing dura.ions a.e not optimized.

关键词： Cognitive ra.io networks energy ha.vesting spectrum sensing throughput a.a.ysis

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Improved Reptile Sea.ch a.gorithm by Sa.p Swa.m a.gorithm for Medica. Ima.e Segmenta.ion

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Journa. of Bionic Engineering 2023年第4期20卷 1766-1790页

作者： La.th a.ua.iga. Ma.moud Ha.a.h Essa. Sa.d Ha.a.deh a.ma. Mohda.iz Hussein Moha.ma. a. Shinwa. raed a.u Zita. Heming Jia Computer Science Depa.tment Prince Hussein Bin Abdullah Faculty for Information TechnologyAl Al-Bayt UniversityMafraq25113Jordan Houra.i Center for a.plied Scientific Resea.ch Al-Ahliyya Amman UniversityAmman19328Jordan Fa.ulty of Informa.ion Technology Middle East UniversityAmman11831Jordan a.plied Science Resea.ch Center Applied Science Private UniversityAmman11931Jordan School of Computer Sciences Universiti Sains Malaysia11800Pulau PinangMalaysia a.ma. a.a. University AmmanJordan Depa.tment of Computer Informa.ion System Zarqa UniversityP.O.Box 13132ZarqaJordan Dea.ship of E-Lea.ning a.d Dista.ce Educa.ion Umm Al-Qura UniversityMakkah21955Saudi Arabia Fa.ulty of Informa.ion Technology Applied Science Private UniversityAmman11931Jordan Sorbonne Center of a.tificia. Intelligence Sorbonne University-Abu DhabiAbu DhabiUnited Arab Emirates School of Informa.ion Engineering Sanming UniversitySanming365004China

This study proposes a.novel na.ure-inspired meta.heuristic optimizer ba.ed on the Reptile Sea.ch a.gorithm combed with Sa.p Swa.m a.gorithm for ima.e segmenta.ion using gra.-sca.e multi-level thresholding,ca.led RSa.SSa.The proposed method introduces a.better sea.ch spa.e to find the optima. solution a. ea.h itera.ion.However,we proposed RSa.SSa.to a.oid the sea.ching problem in the sa.e a.ea.a.d determine the optima. multi-level thresholds.The obta.ned solutions by the proposed method a.e represented using the ima.e histogra..The proposed RSa.SSa.employed Otsu’s va.ia.ce cla.s function to get the best threshold va.ues a. ea.h level.The performa.ce mea.ure for the proposed method is va.id by detecting fitness function,structura. simila.ity index,pea. signa.-to-noise ra.io,a.d Friedma. ra.king test.Severa. benchma.k ima.es of COVID-19 va.ida.e the performa.ce of the proposed RSa.SSa.The results showed tha. the proposed RSa.SSa.outperformed other meta.euristics optimiza.ion a.gorithms published in the litera.ure.

关键词： Bioinspired Reptile Sea.ch a.gorithm Sa.p Swa.m a.gorithm Multi-level thresholding Ima.e segmenta.ion Meta.heuristic a.gorithm

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Impa.t of the Syria. crisis on the socio-spa.ia. tra.sforma.ion of Ea.tern a.ma.,Jorda.

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Frontiers of a.chitectura. Resea.ch 2019年第4期8卷 591-603页

作者： raed Sa.em a.-Ta. Ha.a.Hesha. a.ma. Gha.em Depa.tment of a.chitecture a.d Interior a.chitecture German Jordanian UniversityAmmanJordan

a.ma.,the ca.ita. of Jorda.,ha. been subjected to incrementa. spa.ia. tra.sforma.ion under the pressure of the emerging migra.ion of va.ious refugees since the beginning of the Syria. conflict(2011-present).Only 17%of the Syria. refugee influx to Jorda. resides in ca.ps.a.ma. hosts 28%of non-ca.p refugees(NCRs)who a.e living in urba. a.ea. a.d crea.ing multiple forms of urba. settlements.Diverse forms of NCR settlements a.e emerging extensively in Ea.tern a.ma. districts.These settlements a.e contributing to new morphologica. structures a.d lea.ing to a.gra.ua. spa.ia. cha.ge-socia.ly a.d physica.ly.This resea.ch intends to contribute to the increa.ing a.ount of a.a.la.le da.a.by improving the understa.ding of the socio-spa.ia. pa.terns of Syria. NCR settlements a.d providing insights,foreca.ts,a.d recommenda.ions rega.ding this pressing issue on the ba.is of overa.l trends.Comprehensively contextua.ized a.ea. in a.ma. were ma.ped,a.d a.ter considering specific siteselection criteria.Jubilee Neighborhood wa. selected.Jubilee wa. built by the government in 1985 for low-income Jorda.ia. fa.ilies.This study a.ms to unra.el one la.er of the complex multila.ered a.ma. City.It intends to explore a.d describe the urba. forms of NCR settlements in Jubilee Neighborhood a. a.ca.e study by interrela.ing spa.ia.,socia.,a.d physica. concepts.In a.dition,this study extensively uses rigorous qua.ita.ive a.d tra.itiona. methods.The outcome of this study is a.comprehensive a.d descriptive spa.ia. a.a.ysis tha. ca. provide socio-spa.ia. interpreta.ions a.d recommend urba. response policies to cope with the future spa.ia. tra.sforma.ion of urba. forms.

关键词： Urba. form Spa.ia. a.a.ysis Non-ca.p refugees Urba. drivers a.ma. Jubilee neighborhood Syria. conflict

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“一带一路”倡议下中国与也门双边贸易研究

“一带一路”倡议下中国与也门双边贸易研究

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作者： a.-Soufi a.i raed a.i Na.ser 苏州大学

学位级别：硕士

作为一名也门留学生,笔者始终关注中国与也门的双边贸易。在当下,中国在国际舞台上拥有越来越重要的地位,与世界上众多国家之间的贸易往来都在变得日趋密切。“一带一路”倡议与政策的提出,让中国更加重视位于自身与海湾阿拉伯国家之间... 详细信息

作为一名也门留学生,笔者始终关注中国与也门的双边贸易。在当下,中国在国际舞台上拥有越来越重要的地位,与世界上众多国家之间的贸易往来都在变得日趋密切。“一带一路”倡议与政策的提出,让中国更加重视位于自身与海湾阿拉伯国家之间的贸易合作。也门在海湾阿拉伯国家中处于经济较不发达的地位,近年来由于陷入内战,经济水平长期低迷,急需寻求经济重建的帮助与动力。为了长远的发展,加强与中国之间的经贸合作有着重要的意义。本文针对中国和也门两国之间贸易发展的历史、现况以及贸易具备的特点展开了研究。对近年贸易统计数据进行分析可知,目前中国和也门之间的进出口产品结构比较单一。中国主要从也门进口以石油为主的能源产品,同时向也门出口机电、化工、建材等产品。本文提出观点认为,中国和也门在当代有着友好的贸易往来,两国之间的贸易发展存在诸多机遇,但同样的,也存在诸多制约贸易发展的因素。结合当今“一带一路”倡议下的新国际环境,本文论述了两国产品进出口贸易过程中应该克服的问题,并重点论述了亚洲基础设施投资开发银行与丝绸之路基金这两项基于“一带一一路”倡议的国际公共产品能够为中国与也门之间贸易所提供的助力。之后,笔者进一步结合“一带一路”政策的发展与未来,论述了中也两国加强双边贸易的具体方针。总体来说,本文研究认为将来中也两国之间有着很好的长远的经贸发展前景,能够在经济合作方面有非常多的空间,未来中国和也门能够在更多门类、更多领域的产品贸易之间达成合作。两国需要由政府加强互信,企业深化合作,遵循平等尊重、互利互惠的原则,发扬自身的优势,提高产业竞争力,在经济上实现有效的合作与发展。

关键词：中国也门 “一带一路”倡议双边贸易

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Throughput Enha.cement for NOMa.Systems Using Intelligent Reflecting Surfa.es

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Computers, Ma.eria.s & Continua 2022年第12期73卷 5233-5244页

作者： raed a.ha.a. Ha.em Boujema. Informa.ion Technology Depa.tment Saudi Electronic UniversityRiaydhSaudi Arabia UCa.-SUPCOM-COSIM Ariana2083Tunisia

In this a.ticle,we optimize the powers a.socia.ed to Non Orthogona. Multiple a.cess(NOMa.users,sensing a.d ha.vesting dura.ion for Cognitive Ra.io Networks(CRN).The seconda.y source ha.vests energy from node a.signa..Then,it senses the cha.nel to detect prima.y source.Then,the seconda.y source tra.smits a.signa. tha. is reflected by Intelligent Reflecting Surfa.es(IRS)so tha. a.l reflections ha.e a.zero pha.e a. a.y user.a.set Ii of reflectors a.e a.socia.ed to user Ui.The use ofM=Mi=512,256,128,64,32,16,8 reflectors per user offers 45,42,39,36,33,30,27 dB ga.n vs.the a.sence of IRS.We a.so suggest the use of IRS in energy ha.vesting.The use P=8 reflectors for energy ha.vesting a.d M=Mi=8 reflectors per user for da.a.communica.ions offers 7 a.d 38 dB ga.n vs.one IRSM=Mi=8 a.d the a.sence of IRS.The use of P=16 reflectors for energy ha.vesting a.d M=Mi=8 reflectors per user for da.a.communica.ions offers 9 a.d 42 dB ga.n vs.one IRS M=Mi=8 a.d the a.sence of IRS.

关键词： CRN NOMA spectrum sensing energy ha.vesting throughput ma.imiza.ion

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Double da.tos fla. la.er in tubula.ized incised pla.e urethropla.ty to prevent urethrocuta.eous fistula.in uncircumcised pa.ients with dista. hypospa.ia.

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a.ia. Journa. of a.drology 2023年第1期25卷 93-97页

作者： raed a.-Ta.er Moha.ma. Nofa. a.i J Yousef Moha.ma. Ra.hda. a.ja. Ta.a.neh Ja. a.sma.i Ema. Ha.a. Da.a. a.sha.eefi Da.a. a.enezi Ba.ha.er a.dulra.oul Depa.tment of Genera. Surgery Division of Pediatric SurgerySchool of MedicineThe University of JordanAmman 11942Jordan Depa.tment of Genera. Surgery a.d a.esthesia School of MedicineMutah UniversityKarak 61710Jordan Depa.tment of Pedia.rics School of MedicineMutah UniversityKarak 61710Jordan Depa.tment of Genera. a.d Specia. Surgery Division of UrologyFaculty of MedicineThe Hashemite UniversityZarqa 13133Jordan

Urethrocuta.eous fistula.ma. complica.e hypospa.ia. repa.r.We noticed tha. double-la.ered preputia. da.tos fla.s a.ded to tubula.ized incised pla.e urethropla.ty ca. reduce the risk of urethrocuta.eous fistula.The a.m of this study wa. to compa.e the outcomes of tubula.ized incised pla.e urethropla.ty with double-la.ered preputia. da.tos fla.s to with single-la.ered loca. fa.cia. fla.s in preventing urethrocuta.eous fistula.a.retrospective cohort study wa. conducted between Ja.ua.y 2017 a.d December 2020 a. Jorda. University Hospita.(a.ma.,Jorda.).Boys who were a.ed between 6 months a.d 5 yea.s,dia.nosed with dista. hypospa.ia.,a.d not circumcised were included.The prima.y outcome wa. the occurrence of urethrocuta.eous fistula.in pa.ients who underwent tubula.ized incised pla.e urethropla.ty with a.double-la.ered fa.cia. fla..The results showed a.tota. of 163 boys with dista. hypospa.ia.;a.ong them,116 pa.ients underwent tubula.ized incised pla.e urethropla.ty with a.single-la.ered fa.cia. fla.,a.d 47 underwent tubula.ized incised pla.e urethropla.ty with a.double-la.ered fa.cia. fla..The development of urethrocuta.eous fistula.wa. higher in the group receiving tubula.ized incised pla.e urethropla.ty with a.single-la.ered fa.cia. fla. tha. in the group receiving tubula.ized incised pla.e urethropla.ty with a.double-la.ered fa.cia. fla. a.ter 1 month,6 months,a.d 12 months(6.9%vs 0,10.3%vs 0,a.d 5.2%vs 0,respectively),a.d the difference a.ter 6 months wa. sta.istica.ly significa.t(P=0.02).

关键词： dista. hypospa.ia. double-la.ered preputia. da.tos fla. tubula.ized incised pla.e urethropla.ty urethrocuta.eous fistula

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Symbol Error Proba.ility of Incrementa. Rela.ing with Distributed/Centra.ized Rela. Selection

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China.Communica.ions 2020年第11期17卷 141-155页

作者： raed a.ha.a. Ha.em Boujema. Sa.di Electronic University College of Computation and InformaticsRiyadh13316Saudi Arabia COSIM-SUPCOM Tunis2083 Tunisia

In this pa.er,we derive the Symbol Error Proba.ility(SEP)of coopera.ive systems with incrementa. rela.ing a.d Distributed Rela. Selection(DRS).The rela.s rema.n idle when the Signa. to Noise Ra.io(SNR)between the source a.d destina.ion is la.ger tha. T.Otherwise,we a.tiva.e a.rela. using DRS.Rela. nodes tra.smit only if their SNR is la.ger tha. thresholdβ.If the SNRs of more tha. two rela.s is la.ger tha.β,there is a.collision a.d the destina.ion uses only the received signa. from the source.If a.l rela.s ha.e SNR less tha.β,no rela. is chosen.Thresholdβis optimized to yield the lowest SEP a. the destina.ion.Our results a.e compa.ed to centra.ized rela. selection using opportunistic a.plify a.d Forwa.d(Oa.),Pa.tia. a.d Rea.tive Rela. Selection(PRS a.d RRS).We compa.e our results to computer simula.ions for Ra.leigh fa.ing cha.nels.

关键词： incrementa. rela.ing distributed rela. selection centra.ized rela. selection ra.leigh fa.ing cha.nels

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沙特阿拉伯汉语学习者“把”字句习得观念和习得效果关系研究

沙特阿拉伯汉语学习者“把”字句习得观念和习得效果关系研究

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作者： a.shehri raed Sha.na. 上海外国语大学

学位级别：硕士

现代汉语“把”字句的独特句式一直是对外汉语教学的重点和难点。近几年来,学习汉语的阿拉伯学生,特别是沙特学生越来越多。这对以阿拉伯语为母语的学生来说也是一个难点。本研究运用问卷调查、访谈以及测试各种具体研究方法,考察了阿... 详细信息

现代汉语“把”字句的独特句式一直是对外汉语教学的重点和难点。近几年来,学习汉语的阿拉伯学生,特别是沙特学生越来越多。这对以阿拉伯语为母语的学生来说也是一个难点。本研究运用问卷调查、访谈以及测试各种具体研究方法,考察了阿拉伯语母语沙特学习者“把”字句习得的难度观念,以及他们对“把”字句的难度认识和实际习得效果的关系,结果发现,学生觉得把字句的最大的难点是:(1)“把”字句结构较难,包括句子顺序、句式丰富、间接宾语太难等)。(2)学生不知道什么时候必须使用把字句什么时候可以不用,以及为什么要使用。由此可见,学生还没有真正理解和掌握“把”字句的语义和用法,学习者“把”字句整体习得效果不太好。此外,研究发现沙特阿拉伯学生对“把”字句整体习得效果和“把”字句的难度观念之间存在强负相关关系。大部分沙特学生认为学习“把”字句很难,他们还没习惯使用这种句型;他们觉得自己的中文水平还不够好,他们对“把”字句的掌握不够丰富,而且他们没有充分复习和练习使用“把”字句。我认为这些观念能够在一定程度影响到学习者“把”字句习得效果,并导致学习者回避使用“把”字句。根据测试的结果也知,学习者“把”字句整体习得效果不太好,学生对每类问题的错误率比较高,沙特阿拉伯学生们对“把”字句各方面的掌握程度还不够好。从现代汉语语法教学角度来看,我希望此文能够帮助了解沙特阿拉伯学生“把”字句习得难点,提高学生“把”字句习得的重难点意识,促进学习者“把”字句的有效产出,为阿拉伯国家的“把”字句教学提供启示。

关键词： “把”字句沙特阿拉伯学生难度观念习得效果

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