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Quality Appraisal of Clinical Guidelines in Obstetrics and Gynecology in India

Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2019年第10期9卷 1419-1428页

作者： A. G. radhika Denny John Consultant Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology University College of Medical Sciences & Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital Delhi India Evidence Synthesis Specialist Campbell South Asia New Delhi India Adjunct Scientist ICMR-National Institute of Medical Statistics New Delhi India.

Background: Clinical practice guidelines are important for standard of care. This study was undertaken to assess the quality of Obstetrics and Gynecology guidelines in India. Objective Systematic appraisal of clinical practice guidelines (CPG) in obstetrics and gynecology in India uses Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation II (AGREE II) instrument. Methods: All reported Indian guidelines in obstetrics and gynecology from 1st Jan. 2000 to 1st April 2018 were identified and subjected to inclusion using 3-point assessment criteria (relevance, clarity of intervention/outcome, and appropriate use of healthcare resources) using WHO AGREE-II instrument. Separate scores for the mean item, domain, and standardized were calculated by averaging the scores across two appraisers. Results & Discussion: Of 47 Clinical Practice Guidelines in Obstetrics and Gynecology (CPG) from India, 8 met the inclusion criteria. These were assessed using AGREE II checklist. Overall scores ranged from 8% to 22% (median 5%). No guideline received “Yes” for clinical use by either of the appraisers. Scores for scope and purpose and clarity were high but were very low for all the other domains. Only 1 review had identified cost as one of the focus areas as part of the guideline. Conclusion: Though being clinically relevant the clinical practice guidelines related to obstetrics and gynecology in India score poorly. There is a need for sensitization and capacity building of clinicians and public health professionals on the development of CPG related to obstetrics and gynecology in India.

关键词： Quality Improvement Implementation Healthcare Evidence-Based Practice AGREE II Tool

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市售长叶松油和锡兰肉桂油对登革热媒蚊埃及伊蚊的灭幼效果(英文)

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昆虫学报 2011年第7期54卷 793-799页

作者： radhika WARIKOO Naim WAHAB Sarita KUMAR Department of Zoology Acharya Narendra Dev CollegeUniversity of DelhiKalka Ji

松油和桂皮油由于具有芳香性气味,因而成为良好的成虫驱避剂,但是关于它们对蚊虫的杀幼虫作用研究不多。为揭示市售的长叶松Pinus longifolia油和锡兰肉桂Cinnamomum zeylanicum油对来源于印度德里的埃及伊蚊Aedes aegypti4龄幼虫的毒... 详细信息

松油和桂皮油由于具有芳香性气味,因而成为良好的成虫驱避剂,但是关于它们对蚊虫的杀幼虫作用研究不多。为揭示市售的长叶松Pinus longifolia油和锡兰肉桂Cinnamomum zeylanicum油对来源于印度德里的埃及伊蚊Aedes aegypti4龄幼虫的毒杀潜力,我们进行了室内研究,以幼虫死亡率及行为改变和形态改变等指标评估其杀幼虫潜力。结果表明:两种油对埃及伊蚊4龄幼虫均具有毒杀作用,且松油的灭幼效果优于桂皮油。松油的LC50和LC70值分别为0.33093mg/L和0.54476mg/L,而桂皮油的LC50和LC70值分别为0.63159mg/L和0.77736。进一步观察发现,LC90剂量下桂皮油的杀幼虫潜力强于松油,其LC90为1.11879mg/L,而松油的LC90为1.04915mg/L。在处理的幼虫中观察到行为改变,如兴奋、坐立不安、颤抖、痉挛然后瘫痪,说明这两种油可能对其神经肌肉系统产生了影响。显微观察处理幼虫的形态改变发现,与对照相比,大多数器官的外观正常,只是肛鳃略为内收缩而引起结构畸形,提示肛腮可能是这两种油的作用位点,腮的功能异常引起了幼虫死亡。这两种油品可开发用作防治蚊虫的新型杀幼虫药剂。

关键词：埃及伊蚊松树肉桂杀幼虫潜力肛腮痉挛

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Ocular Graft versus Host Disease: A Review of Clinical Manifestations, Diagnostic Approaches and Treatment

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Open Journal of Ophthalmology 2016年第1期6卷 20-33页

作者： Sridevi Nair Murugesan Vanathi Anita Ganger radhika Tandon Cornea & Ocular Surface Services Dr Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences All India Institute of Medical Sciences New Delhi India

Allogenic haematological stem cell transplantation (allo-SCT) from a human leukocyte antigen (HLA) matched related or unrelated donor is used as a curative therapy for a large number of malignant and non-malignant haematological diseases. The curative effect of allo-SCT is achieved by graft versus leukaemia effect while the downside of the graft versus patient activity is the graft-versus-host-disease (GVHD), a major reason for mortality and morbidity. The search of articles for this review had been accomplished using Ovid, Medline, Embase, Pubmed and was supplemented by retrieving cross references also. Electronic literature search for English language articles with full text access was performed using graft versus host disease, ocular, management, dry eyes as key words. This review has been intended to explicate the classification, pathogenesis, risk factors and management of ocular graft versus host disease.

关键词： Stem Cell Transplantation Ocular Graft Host Disease

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Evaluation of Frontal Sinus Index in Establishing Sex Dimorphism Using Three-Dimensional Cone Beam Computed Tomography in Northern Saudi Arabian Population

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Journal of Forensic Science and Medicine 2022年第1期8卷 1-5页

作者： Krishna A.Rao radhika Doppalapudi Naif Tami Al-Shammari Santosh Patil Sudhakar Vundavalli Mohammad Khursheed Alam Department of Preventive Dentistry College of DentistryJouf UniversitySakakaKingdom of Saudi Arabia Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology College of DentistryJouf UniversitySakakaKingdom of Saudi Arabia

Purpose:Identification of sex of unknown people becomes important in situations of mass *** studies have shown that morphological characteristic of frontal sinus is distinctive to particular individual and hence,literature suggests that it can be used in establishing identification of a ***,few researches have concluded that,its use in detennining sexual dimorphism is ***:This study aimed to evaluate frontal sinus index using cone beam computed tomography(CBCT)and differentiate sex dimorphism based on the index *** and Methods:A retrospective cross-sectional study was undertaken using three-dimensional-CBCT *** simple random sampling method,150 scans were selected,out of which 74 were of male and 76 were of female within the age group of20-64 *** frontal sinus width and the height were measured,and the ratio was taken as frontal sinus *** index was correlated to the differentiation of *** were analyzed using SPSS,and sex dimorphism was assessed using discriminant function ***:The mean height of the frontal sinus in both males and females was 30.12±7.6 mm and 30.14±7.8 mm,*** mean width of frontal sinus in males(13.39±3.6 mm)was slightly more than that of females(12.06±3 mm).Conclusion:The parameter frontal sinus index measured using CBCT was found to be a contributing factor in sex determination in forensic identification within the sample population.

关键词： Discriminant function analysis forensic anthropology frontal sinus index sex dimorphism three-dimensional cone beam computed tomography

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Opportunities and Challenges in Deep Mining： A Brief Review

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Engineering 2017年第4期3卷 546-551页

作者： Pathegama G. Ranjith Jian Zhao Minghe Ju radhika V. S. De Silva Tharaka D. Rathnaweera Adheesha K. M. S. Bandara Department of Civil Engineering Monash University Melbourne VIC 3800 Australia

Mineral consumption is increasing rapidly as more consumers enter the market for minerals and as the global standard of living increases. As a result, underground mining continues to progress to deeper levels in order to tackle the mineral supply crisis in the 21 st century. However, deep mining occurs in a very technical and challenging environment, in which significant innovative solutions and best practice are required and additional safety standards must be implemented in order to overcome the challenges and reap huge eco- nomic gains. These challenges include the catastrophic events that are often met in deep mining engineering： rockbursts, gas outbursts, high in situ and redistributed stresses, large deformation, squeezing and creeping rocks, and high temperature. This review paper presents the current global status of deep mining and high-lights some of the newest technological achievements and opportunities associated with rock mechanics and geotechnical engineering in deep mining. Of the various technical achievements, unmanned workingfaces and unmanned mines based on fully automated mining and mineral extraction processes have become important fields in the 21 st century.

关键词： Deep mining Rock mechanics RockburstIn situ stresses Mining automation

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Small Signal Non-Quasi-Static Model for AlGaN/GaN MODFETs

Small Signal Non-Quasi-Static Model for AlGaN/GaN MODFETs

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2004 7th International Conference on Solid-State and Integrated Circuits Technology（ICSICT 2004）

作者： radhika Chintakayala Ibrahim Abdel-Motaleb Department of Electrical Engineering Northern Illinois UniversityDeKalb IL USA 60115

＜正＞A simple non-quasi-static model for AlGaN/GaN MODFETs has been *** a DC model has been obtained,where the effects of spontaneous and piezoelectric polarization,as well as the strain due to Aluminum mole fractions are *** this DC model,a small signal Non-Quasi-Static model is *** results show that the proposed model can predict the DC and the small signal characteristics of the device with high degrees of accuracy.

关键词： Aluminum gallium nitride Gallium nitride MODFETs HEMTs Piezoelectric polarization Equations Electrons Capacitive sensors Predictive models Epitaxial layers

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Study of Weak Intensity Cyclones over Bay of Bengal Using WRF Model

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Atmospheric and Climate Sciences 2014年第4期4卷 534-548页

作者： radhika D. Kanase P. S. Salvekar Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology Pune India

Numerical simulations of four weak cyclonic storms [two cases of pre-monsoon cyclones: Laila (2010), Aila (2009) and two cases of post-monsoon cyclones: Jal (2010), SCS (2003)] are carried out using WRF-ARW mesoscale model. Betts-Miller-Janjic (BMJ) as cumulus parameterization (CP) scheme, Yonsei University(YSU) planetary boundary layer (PBL) scheme and WRF single moment 6 class (WSM6) microphysics (MP) scheme is kept same for all the cyclone cases. Three two-way interactive nested domains [60 km,20 kmand6.6 km] are used with initial and boundary conditions from NCEP Final Analysis data. The model integration is performed to evaluate the track, landfall time and position as well as intensity in terms of Central Sea Level Pressure (CSLP) and Maximum Surface Wind speed (MSW) of the storm. The track and landfall (time and position) of almost all cyclones are well predicted by the model (except for SCS cyclone case) which may be because of the accurate presentation of the steering flow by CP scheme. Irrespective of season, the intensity is overestimated in all the cases of cyclone, mainly because of the lower tropospheric and mid-tropospheric parameters are overestimated. YSU PBL scheme used here is responsible for the deep convection in and above PBL. Concentration of frozen hydrometeors at the mid-tropospheric levels and thus the latent heat released during auto conversion of hydrometeors is also responsible for overestimation of intensity.

关键词： WRF-ARW Model BMJ-YSU-WSM6 Combination Pre and Post Monsoon Severe Cyclonic Storms

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Fetomaternal Outcome in Maternal Hypothyroidism Complicating Pregnancies at Paropakar Maternity and Women’s Hospital

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2022年第11期12卷 1121-1128页

作者： radhika Kunwar Sarmila Prajapati Anamika Jha Anupama Bhattarai Umesh Bahadur Bogatee Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Paropakar Maternity and Women Hospital Kathmandu Nepal Kathmandu Model Hospital Kathmandu Nepal

Background: Thyroid disorders are the most common endocrine disorders in pregnancy accounting for 10% of subclinical hypothyroidism in all pregnancies. Screening for hypothyroidism is essential in all pregnant women, especially in Nepal, a low-income region where women have an increased risk of developing iodine deficiency during pregnancy. Hence this study is to analyze fetomaternal outcomes in maternal hypothyroidism complicating pregnancies. Methods: This retrospective observational study was carried out at Paropakar Maternity and Women Hospital, a tertiary center located in Kathmandu, Nepal. The Subjects of this study were 330 antenatal women with a singleton pregnancy with hypothyroidism admitted for delivery in the obstetrics ward, and informed consent was obtained. Women were chosen irrespective of age, parity, residency, and socioeconomic status. Women with multiple pregnancies and any preexisting medical disorders including heart disease, diabetes, and hypertension were excluded. Routine hematological parameters and estimations of T3, T4, and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) were conducted. Patients with hypothyroidism were divided into overt and subclinical and were subsequently assessed for maternal and fetal complications. The occurrence of maternal outcomes and perinatal outcomes were recorded. Result: Out of 470 total hypothyroid cases, 330 were enrolled in the study and the remaining 140 were excluded. In our study, the incidence of hypothyroidism in pregnancy was 2.11% with 1.7% of subclinical hypothyroidism and 0.31% of overt hypothyroidism. The mean age of the patient was >30 years with 53.3% (n = 176) primigravida. Mostly 70.3% (n = 232) from rural areas. Pre-Eclampsia, gestational diabetes abruptio placenta, and postpartum hemorrhage were the adverse maternal outcome with a higher percentage of these in overt hypothyroidism which was statistically significant. Concerning fetal outcome APGAR score <6 in 5 min, Intrauterine growth restriction (IUG

关键词： Fetal Outcome Maternal Outcome Overt Hypothyroidism Subclinical Hypothyroidism

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The 2020 US cancer screening deficit and the timing of adults’ most recent screen: a population-based cross-sectional study

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Family Medicine and Community Health 2023年第3期11卷 10-30页

作者： Jason Semprini radhika Ranganathan Health Management&Policy The University of Iowa College of Public HealthIowa CityIowaUSA Epidemiology/Biostatistics University of South Carolina Arnold School of Public HealthColumbiaSouth CarolinaUSA

Objective In 2020,cancer screenings declined,resulting in a cancer screening *** significance of this deficit,however,has yet to be quantified from a population health *** study addresses this evidence gap by examining how the pandemic changed the timing of American adults’most recent cancer *** We obtained population-based,cancer screening data from the Behavioural Risk Factor Surveillance System(BRFSS)(2010,2012,2014,2016,2018,2020).Mammograms,pap smears and colonoscopies were each specified as a variable of mutually exclusive categories to indicate the timing since the most recent screening(never,0–1 years,1–2 years,3+years).Our cross-sectional,quasi-experimental design restricts the sample to adults surveyed in January,February or *** then leverage a quirk in the BRFSS implementation and consider adults surveyed in the second year of the 2020 survey wave as exposed to the COVID-19 *** surveyed in January 2020–March 2020 were considered *** estimate the impact of exposure to the COVID-19 pandemic on the timing of recent cancer screenings,we constructed linear and logistic regression models which control for sociodemographic characteristics associated with screening patterns,and state fixed effects and temporal trend fixed effects to control for *** In 2020,the cancer screening deficit was largely due to a 1year delay among adults who receive annual screening,as the proportion of adults reporting a cancer screen in the past year declined by a nearly identical proportion of adults reporting their most recent cancer screen 1–2 years ago(3%–4%points).However,the relative change was higher for mammograms and pap smears(17%)than colonoscopies(4%).We also found some evidence that the proportion of women reporting never having completed a mammogram declined in 2020,but the mechanisms for this finding should be further explored with the release of future *** Our estimates for the

关键词： sectional screening founding

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Tribological Behaviour of Aluminium/Alumina/Graphite Hybrid Metal Matrix Composite Using Taguchi’s Techniques

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Journal of Minerals and Materials Characterization and Engineering 2011年第5期10卷 427-443页

作者： N. radhika R. Subramanian S. Venkat Prasat Amrita School of Engineering Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham Coimbatore-641 105. PSG College of Technology Coimbatore-641 004.

Tribological behaviour of aluminium alloy (Al-Si10Mg) reinforced with alumina (9%) and graphite (3%) fabricated by stir casting process was investigated. The wear and frictional properties of the hybrid metal matrix composites was studied by performing dry sliding wear test using a pin-on-disc wear tester. Experiments were conducted based on the plan of experiments generated through Taguchi’s technique. A L27 Orthogonal array was selected for analysis of the data. Investigation to find the influence of applied load, sliding speed and sliding distance on wear rate, as well as the coefficient of friction during wearing process was carried out using ANOVA and regression equations for each response were developed. Objective of the model was chosen as ‘smaller the better’ characteristics to analyse the dry sliding wear resistance. Results show that sliding distance has the highest influence followed by load and sliding speed. Finally, confirmation tests were carried out to verify the experimental results and Scanning Electron Microscopic studies were done on the wear surfaces.

关键词： Metal Matrix Composites Stir casting Taguchi’s techniques Orthogonal array Analysis of variance wear behaviour.

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