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Offshore high-grade limemud resources of west coast of India:Economic potential and industrial applications

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Deep Underground Science and Engineering 2024年第2期3卷 163-170页

作者： Anil Kumar Adukadukkam rachna Pillai Mamatha Puthiyathara Kanakamma Marine&Coastal Survey Division Geological Survey of IndiaSalt LakeKolkataWest BengalIndia

Limestone is one of the essential raw materials in the cement,paint,steel,ceramic,glass,chemical,pharmaceutical,paper,and fertilizer *** India,only 8%of the limestone resources are placed under the reserve category,of which 97%is of cement ***,India depends on imports to bridge the demand‐supply gap of steel,blast furnace,and chemical‐grade *** of Geological Survey of India(GSI)to locate alternate sources for limestone led to the discovery of enormous quantities of carbonate minerals called limemud from the continental shelf margin of the west coast of *** carried out systematic studies to explore the nature of the disposition,quality,quantity,and suitability of the offshore limemud for various industrial applications.A preliminary estimate of resources using high‐resolution subbottom profiling and sediment core sample studies established the occurrence of more than 172 billion tonnes of high‐grade(The content of CaCO3 is greater than 80 wt%)limemud in 0.4–28.0m thick stratified sediment layers spread over an area of 18000 ***,physical,mineralogical,beneficiation,and agglomeration studies found the offshore limemud as a potential replacement for limestone in the cement,filler,blast furnace,steel melting shop,lime production,paint,and Grade‐I steel *** assessment of mining and transportation costs indicates that the offshore limemud(USD 5–6/ton)is more cost‐effective than that imported from other countries(USD16‐18/ton).With several advantageous factors like low impurity,mode of occurrence in overburden‐free stratified form,fine‐grained slurry nature,and shallow water depth,sustainable mining of offshore limemud could be a future reality with controllable technological,economic,and environmental challenges.

关键词： beneficiation industrial grade offshore limemud west coast of India

QLGWONM： Quantum Leaping GWO for Feature Selection in Big Data Analytics

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Real-Time Analysis of COVID-19 Pandemic on Most Populated Countries Worldwide

哈尔滨工业大学学报（英文版） 2023年第4期

作者： rachna kulhare S. Veenadhari

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2020年第12期125卷 943-965页

作者： Meenu Gupta rachna Jain Akash Gupta Kunal Jain Department of Computer Science and Engineering Chandigarh UniversityPunjab140301India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Bharati Vidyapeeth’s College of EngineeringNew Delhi110063India

The spread of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)has already taken on pandemic extents,influencing even more than 200 nations in a couple of ***,regulation measures in China have decreased new cases by over 98%,this decrease is not the situation everywhere,and most of the countries still have been affected by *** objective of this research work is to make a comparative analysis of the top 5 most populated countries namely United States,India,China,Pakistan and Indonesia,from 1st January 2020 to 31st July *** research work also targets to predict an increase in the number of deaths and total infected cases in these five *** our research,the performance of the proposed framework is determined by using three Machine Learning(ML)regression algorithms namely Linear Regression(LR),Support Vector Regression(SVR),andRandom Forest(RF)*** proposed model is also validated upon the infected and death cases of further *** performance of these three algorithms is compared using the RootMean Square Error(RMSE)*** Forest algorithm shows best performance as compared to other proposed algorithms,with the lowest RMSE value in the prediction of total infected and total deaths cases for all the top five most populated countries.

关键词： COVID-19 SARS COV-2 country-wise analysis most populated countries pandemic mortality rate

Embedded fuzzing:a review of challenges,tools,and solutions

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Cybersecurity 2022年第4期5卷 1-18页

作者： Max Eisele Marcello Maugeri rachna Shriwas Christopher Huth Giampaolo Bella Safety Security and PrivacyRobert Bosch GmbHRenningenGermany Dept.of Math and Computer Science Universita degli Studi di CataniaCataniaItaly RBEl Robert Bosch GmbHBangaloreIndia.

Fuzzing has become one of the best-established methods to uncover software ***,the market of embedded systems,which binds the software execution tightly to the very hardware architecture,has grown at a steady pace,and that pace is anticipated to become yet more sustained in the near *** systems also beneft from fuzzing,but the innumerable existing architectures and hardware peripherals complicate the development of general and usable approaches,hence a plethora of tools have recently *** comes a stringent need for a systematic review in the area of fuzzing approaches for embedded systems,which we term'embedded fuzzing"for *** inclusion criteria chosen in this article are semi-objective in their coverage of the most relevant publication venues as well as of our personal *** review rests on a formal definition we develop to represent the realm of embedded *** continues by discussing the approaches that satisfy the inclusion criteria,then defines the relevant elements of comparison and groups the approaches according to how the execution environment is served to the system under *** resulting review produces a table with 42 entries,which in turn supports discussion suggesting vast room for future research due to the limitations noted.

关键词： Embedded systems Dynamic analysis Vulnerability mining Embedded security Software security

Immunoelectron Microscopy for Locating Calvin Cycle Enzymes in the Thylakoids of Synechocystis 6803

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Molecular Plant 2009年第1期2卷 32-42页

作者： rachna Agarwal Stefan Ortleb layashree Krishna Sainis Michael Melzer Molecular Biology Division Bhabha Atomic Research Center Mumbai 400085 India Structural Cell Biology Group Molecular Cell Biology Department Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research Correnstr. 3 Gatersleben06466 Germany

Unicellular cyanobacteria Synechocystis 6803 were fixed using high-pressure freezing （HPF） and freeze substitution without any chemical cross-linkers. Immunoelectron microscopy of these cells showed that five sequential enzymes of the Calvin cycle （phosphoriboisomerase, phosphoribulokinase, ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase （RuBisCO）, 3-phosphoglyceratekinase and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase） and the catalytic portion of the chloroplast H^＋-ATP synthase （CF1） are located adjacent to the thylakoid membranes. Cell-free extracts of Synechocystis were processed by ultracentrifugation to isolate thylakoid fractions sedimenting at 40 000, 90 000, and 150 000 g. Among these, the 150 000-g fraction showed the highest linked activity of the above five sequential Calvin cycle enzymes and also the highest coordinated activity of light and dark reactions as assessed by ribose-5-phosphate （R-5-P）＋ADP dependent CO2 fixation. Immunogold labeling of this membrane fraction confirmed the presence of the above five enzymes as well as the catalytic portion of the CF1 ATP synthase. Notably, the protein A-gold labeling of the thylakoids was observed without use of chemical cross-linkers and in spite of the normal washing steps used during standard immunolabeling. The results showed that soluble Calvin cycle enzymes might be organized along the thylakoid membranes.

关键词： High-pressure freezing immunogold labeling membrane-isolation Synechocystis thylakoids.

Cholangiocarcinoma: a review of the literature and future directions in therapy

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2022年第4期11卷 555-566页

作者： Ritika Halder Akshay Amaraneni rachna T.Shroff Department of Medicine The University of Arizona School of MedicineTucsonAZUSA The Oncology Institute of Hope and Innovation TucsonAZUSA

Cholangiocarcinomas (CCA) are a group of rare cancers with an incidence of about 1.26 per 100,000 people. The disease reflects one of three different subtypes: intrahepatic, perihilar or hilar and distal cholangiocarcinoma. The preferred modality of definitive therapy is surgical resection with or without adjuvant therapy, however the majority of patients with this disease do not present at an early stage. Some efforts to improve survival rates have come in the form of offering neoadjuvant therapy prior to surgical resection or liver transplantation. Some new protocols are in the process of development for neoadjuvant therapy. Despite advancements in locally advanced or borderline resectable lesions, most patient present at an advanced stage. The mainstay of treatment for advanced stage disease is chemotherapy regardless of location. The mainstay of treatment in fit patients is the combination of gemcitabine and cisplatin. The addition of nab-paclitaxel to this backbone is currently being evaluated in phase III trial. In addition, the role of targeted therapy is currently being studied extensively through multiple different mutational pathways including isocitrate dehydrogenase-1 (IDH1), fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and ERBB2 (HER2/neu). CCA remains a significant challenge in medicine, however recent studies have shown that there is significant interest in advancing therapy in the form of neoadjuvant, adjuvant and palliative intent treatment.

关键词： Cholangiocarcinoma(CCA) rare cancers targeted therapy liver directed therapy liver transplantation

Novel biomarkers and the future of targeted therapies in cholangiocarcinoma:a narrative review

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2022年第2期11卷 253-266页

作者： Nishant Munugala Shishir K.Maithel rachna T.Shroff Department of Medicine University of ArizonaTucsonAZUSA Division of Surgical Oncology Emory UniversityWinship Cancer InstituteAtlantaGAUSA Division of Hematology and Oncology Department of GI Medical OncologyUniversity of Arizona Cancer CenterTucsonAZUSA

Background and Objectives:Cholangiocarcinoma is a highly aggressive and heterogenous group of biliary malignancies arising from any site in the biliary tree,comprising 15%of all primary liver *** nature of the disease and nonspecific presentation leads to late diagnosis and ultimately poor outcomes for *** gemcitabine and cisplatin has been the standard of care for cholangiocarcinoma(CCA)since 2010,with a median overall survival of 11.7 *** five-year survival for CCA remains 5-10%,revealing a clear need for improved treatment ***:This targeted review highlights the role of next generation sequencing in CCA and the clinically relevant tumor biomarkers that have become the focus of therapeutic *** Content and Findings:These tumor biomarkers or actionable mutations hold the potential to enable earlier diagnosis,provide prognostic information,and guide treatment decisions for patients with ***,the FGFR2 fusion and IDH1 mutation have shown considerable promise in development of targeted *** trials with inhibitors targeting FGFR2 fusion and IDH1 mutation have created expectations that these drugs will soon enter clinical *** biomarkers including KRAS and B-raf protooncogenes,Her2/neu genes,and BRCA1 and 2 tumor-suppressor genes have also been touted as potential targets for future therapies,with early data showing promise for new drug ***:The discovery of these actionable mutations and identification of targeted therapies have challenged the notion of a“one-size fits all”for treatment of CCA,and generated optimism that these novel treatments will soon be available for patients with CCA.

关键词： Cholangiocarcinoma(CCA) targeted therapies IDH FGFR2 fusion tumor biomarkers

AI-Enabled COVID-19 Outbreak Analysis and Prediction: Indian States vs. Union Territories

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第4期67卷 933-950页

作者： Meenu Gupta rachna Jain Simrann Arora Akash Gupta Mazhar Javed Awan Gopal Chaudhary Haitham Nobanee Chandigarh University PunjabIndia Bharati Vidyapeeth’s College of Engineering New DelhiIndia Department of Software Engineering University of Management and TechnologyLahorePakistan Collage of Business Abu Dhabi UniversityAbu DhabiUnited Arab Emirates Oxford Center for Islamic Studies The University of OxfordOxfordUK Management School The University of LiverpoolLiverpoolUK

The COVID-19 disease has already spread to more than 213 countries and territories with infected(confirmed)cases of more than 27 million people throughout the world so far,while the numbers keep *** India,this deadly disease was first detected on January 30,2020,in a student of Kerala who returned from *** of India’s high population density,different cultures,and diversity,it is a good idea to have a separate analysis of each ***,this paper focuses on the comprehensive analysis of the effect of COVID-19 on Indian states and Union Territories and the development of a regression model to predict the number of discharge patients and deaths in each *** performance of the proposed prediction framework is determined by using three machine learning regression algorithms,namely Polynomial Regression(PR),Decision Tree Regression,and Random Forest(RF)*** results show a comparative analysis of the states and union territories having more than 1000 cases,and the trained model is validated by testing it on further *** performance is evaluated using the RMSE *** results show that the Polynomial Regression with an RMSE value of 0.08,shows the best performance in the prediction of the discharged *** contrast,in the case of prediction of deaths,Random Forest with a value of 0.14,shows a better performance than other techniques.

关键词： COVID-19 state-wise analysis discharges and deaths SARS CoV-2 root mean square error

Chronic hepatitis E–an emerging disease in an immunocompromised host

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Gastroenterology Report 2018年第2期6卷 152-155,I0003页

作者： Amitabh Singh rachna Seth Anand Gupta Shalimar Baibaswata Nayak Subrat kumar Acharya Prasenjit Das Department of Paediatrics All India Institute of Medical SciencesNew DelhiIndia Department of Gastroenterology All India Institute of Medical SciencesNew DelhiIndia Department of Pathology All India Institute of Medical SciencesNew DelhiIndia

Chronic hepatitis E virus(HEV)infection is increasingly being reported in immunosuppressed individuals with HIV,patients with haematological malignancy and transplant *** diagnosis of cirrhosis and liver failure post chronic HEV is controversial due to lack of standard diagnostic *** treatment benefits of ribavirin in chronic HEV of genotype 1 are not well *** report a case of chronic HEV infection of genotype 1 leading to chronic liver disease in a child cured of acute *** report also highlights the successful use of ribavirin for eradicating chronic HEV infection and its subsequent survival *** hepatitis E may be an emerging disease of immunosuppressed patients and should be suspected in the presence of cryptogenic *** is an effective therapy for controlling HEV.

关键词： chronic hepatitis E immunosuppression chronic liver disease ribavirin