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The benefits of being dominant:health correlates of male social rank and age in a marmot

Current Zoology 2022年第1期68卷 19-26页

作者： Kenta UCHIDA rachel ng Samuel A.VYDRO Jennifer E.SMITH Daniel T.BLUMSTEIN Department of Ecology&Evolutionary Biology University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90095-1606USA Department of Biology Mills CollegeOaklandCA 94613USA The Rocky Mountain Biological Laboratory Crested ButteCO 81224USA

The benefits of dominance may not come without costs,particularly for *** example,the“immunocompetence handicap hypothesis”states that males with enhanced mating success allocate resources to enhance reproductive output at a cost to their current health,whereas the“resource quality hypothesis”predicts that high-ranking males may benefit from increased reproduction and good *** the predictions from each have been well tested in captive animals and in a variety of highly social primates,fewer studies have been carried out in free-living,facultatively social *** adult male yellow-bellied marmots(Marmota flaviventer),we evaluated predictions of these hypotheses by examining the relationship between social rank and 2 health indicators—fecal glucocorticoid metabolite(FCM)levels,and neutrophil/lymphocyte(N/L)ratios—after accounting for variation explained by age,body mass,and *** found that higher-ranking males tended to have a lower N/L ratio(reflecting good health)than lower-ranking individuals,whereas FCM levels were not significantly related to *** addition,heavier male marmots had lower N/L ratios,whereas body mass was not associated with FCM *** also found that older adult males had lower FCM levels(reflecting less physiological stress)but higher N/L ratios than younger ***,we found that FCM levels decreased as the active season progressed and FCM levels were associated with the time of the ***,our results suggest that socially-dominant male marmots enjoyed better,not worse health in terms of lower N/L ratios.

关键词： immunocompetence handicap hypothesis life history trade-offs N/L ratio physiological stress resource quality hypothesis

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Lack of consensus in atypical congenital obstructive urethral lesions in children:Snapshot of the web-based ObsCUre(obstruction to the child urethra)study

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Current Urology 2024年第1期18卷 12-17页

作者： rachel ng Ahmed Adam Nathan Poppleton Christopher Oldmeadow Aniruddh V.Deshpande Department of Paediatric Urology John Hunter Children's HospitalNew Lambton HeightsNSWAustralia Division of Urology University of the WitwatersrandJohannesburgSouth Africa Klerksdorp Hospital KlerksdorpSouth Africa CREDITSS Service Hunter Medical Research InstituteNew Lambton HeightsNSWAustralia Priority Research Centre GrowupWell Faculty of Health and MedicineUniversity of NewcastleCallaghanNSWAustralia

Background:Atypical Congenital Obstructive Urethral Lesions(ACOUL)are uncommon causes of urethral obstruction in *** include Cobb's collar or Moorman's ring,TypeⅢposterior urethral valve(PUV),congenital urethral narrowing and anterior urethral *** study is aimed to evaluate the knowledge and current practice amongst clinicians attending to *** international online case based questionnaire was *** and methods:A survey was administered to members of international urological *** included 22 clinical questions on cases with ACOUL(14 questions suitable for statistical analysis)using cases of Type I PUV as *** sets of paired questions evaluated change in opinion(s)after additional information was ***:One hundred twenty-one participants responded with 71%reporting exposure of less than 5 cases per *** questions regarding diagnosis between 11.6%(14/121)and 21.5%(26/121)of participants identified the ACOUL as *** them,66%of respondents agreed on ACOUL's causative role in urethral *** coefficient was consistently lower for ACOUL compared to PUV:diagnosis(mean 0.33 vs.0.44)and prognosis(0.23 vs.0.43).High intra-rater concordance(kappa 0.420.57)was observed for paired questions-a mean of 5.79%(7.44%and 4.13%for questions 10 and 12,16 and 17,respectively)of participants changed their answers from an alternate diagnosis to the correct diagnosis of ACOUL after viewing endoscopic *** variation in management of ACOUL was noted(Gini 0.51).Conclusions:This global snapshot survey identified substantial inconsistency among clinicians dealing with *** rarely encountered in clinical practice,better overall education of ACOUL is warranted.

关键词： Atypical urethral obstruction Children ObsCUre study Urethral obstruction

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Philippine retinoblastoma initiative multi-eye center study 2010-2020

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第1期17卷 144-156页

作者： Roland Joseph D.Tan Gary John V.Mercado Patricia E.Cabrera Paulita Pamela P.Astudillo Rolando Enrique D.Domingo Josept Mari S.Poblete Charmaine Grace M.Cabebe Adriel Vincent R.Te Melissa Anne S.Gonzales Jocelyn G.Sy Beltran Alexis A.Aclan Jayson T.So Fatima G.Regala Kimberley Amanda K.Comia Josemaria M.Castro Mara Augustine S.Galang Aldous Dominic C.Cabanlas Benedicto Juan E.Aguilar Gabrielle S.Evangelista Jo Michael Maniwan Andrei P.Martin Calvin Y.Martinez John Alfred H.Lim Rena Ivy Bascuna rachel M.ng Kevin B.Agsaoay Kris Zanna A.Acluba-Arao Ellaine Rose V.Apostol Beatriz M.Prieto Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Philippine General HospitalManila 1000Philippines Department of Ophthalmology Baguio General Hospital and Medical CenterBaguio City 2600Philippines Department of Ophthalmology Manila Doctors HospitalManila 1000Philippines Department of Ophthalmology Rizal Medical CenterPasig City 1600Philippines Department of Ophthalmology Jose B.Lingad Memorial Regional HospitalPampanga 2000Philippines Department of Ophthalmology Southern Philippines Medical CenterDavao City 8000Philippines Department of Ophthalmology East Avenue Medical CenterQuezon City 1100Philippines Department of Ophthalmology Northern Mindanao Medical CenterCagayan de Oro City 9000Philippines Department of Ophthalmology Cebu Velez General HospitalCebu City 6000Philippines Legazpi Eye Center Legazpi City 4500Philippines Department of Ophthalmology Cagayan Valley Medical CenterTuguegarao City 3500Philippines

AIM:To provide a comprehensive and more representative national data on the disease,especially on treatment options and outcomes,and to determine access of retinoblastoma patients from Luzon,Visayas and Mindanao to eye care,and determine if access is associated with delay in consultation,staging and ***:Cohort study of retinoblastoma patients seen in eleven institutions located in the three major areas of the Philippines namely Luzon,Vizayas and Mindanao from ***:Totally 636 patients,involving 821 eyes,were ***(57%)were from Luzon and were seen in institutions in Luzon(72%).Annually,58±10 new cases were seen with 71%having unilateral *** delay of consultation remained long at 9(3,17)mo,longest in patients with unilateral disease(Png System,only 35%of patients had Stage 1 while 47%already had extraocular *** was the most common treatment received by 484 patients while intravenous chemotherapy was received by *** were 250(39%)patients alive,195(31%)dead,85(13%)abandoned,17(3%)refused and 89(14%)with no ***:This study presents the largest cohort of retinoblastoma patients in the Philippines in terms of patients’and participating institutions’number and geographical location and type of institution(private and public).It also presents more comprehensive data on the treatments used and outcomes(survival,globe salvage,and vision retention rates).Delay in consultation was still long among patients leading to advanced disease stage and lower survival *** increasing capacity to diagnose and manage retinoblastoma in the country,the delay of consultation remains long primarily due to accessibility issues to eye care institutions especially in the Visayas and financial *** delay was still significant that overall survival rate remain low.

关键词： retinoblastoma Philippines clinical profile

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Critical analysis of feeding jejunostomy following resection of upper gastrointestinal malignancies

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2017年第2期9卷 53-60页

作者： Andrew M Blakely Saad Ajmal rachel E Sargent Thomas T ng Thomas J Miner Department of Surgery Rhode Island HospitalProvidence Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University Providence

AIM To assess nutritional recovery,particularly regarding feeding jejunostomy tube(FJT)utilization,following upper gastrointestinal resection for malignancy. METHODS A retrospective review was performed of a prospectively-maintained database of adult patients who underwent esophagectomy or gastrectomy(subtotal or total)for cancer with curative intent,from January 2001 to June 2014. Patient demographics,the approach to esophagectomy,the extent of gastrectomy,FJT placement and utilization at discharge,administration of parenteral nutrition(PN),and complications were evaluated. All patients were followed for at least ninety days or until *** The 287 patients underwent upper GI resection,comprised of 182 esophagectomy(n=107 transhiatal,58.7%; n=56 Ivor-Lewis,30.7%)and 105 gastrectomy [n=63 subtotal(SG),60.0%; n=42 total(TG),40.0%]. 181 of 182 esophagectomy patients underwent FJT,compared with 47 of 105 gastrectomy patients(99.5% vs 44.8%,P ngth of stay was similar between esophagectomy and gastrectomy groups(14.7 d vs 17.1 d,P=0.076). Upon discharge,87 esophagectomy patients(48.1%)were taking enteral feeds,with 53(29.3%)fully and 34(18.8%)partially dependent. Meanwhile,20 of 39 TG patients(51.3%)were either fully(n=3,7.7%)or partially(n=17,43.6%)dependent on tube feeds,compared with 5 of 8 SG patients(10.6%),all of whom were partially dependent. Gastrectomy patients were significantly less likely to be fully dependent on tube feeds at discharge compared to esophagectomy patients(6.4% vs 29.3%,P=0.0006). PN was administered despite FJT placement more often following gastrectomy than esophagectomy(n=11,23.4% vs n=7,3.9%,P=0.0001). FJT-specific complications requiring reoperation within 30 d of resection occurred more commonly in the gastrectomy group(n=6),all after TG,compared to 1 esophagectomy patient(12.8% vs 0.6%,P=0.0003). Six of 7 patients(85.7%)who experienced tube-re

关键词： Feeding jejunostomy Esophagectomy Gastrectomy Nutritional recovery Outcomes

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THE GREENIng OF THE PARKIng INDUSTRY–BEST PRACTICES,AND A NEW CERTIFICATION PROGRAM FOR PARKIng STRUCTURES

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Journal of Green Building 2014年第4期9卷 61-77页

作者： rachel Yoka Program Development International Parking Institute

Sustainable building design is now *** United States Green Building Council(USGBC)and the LEED Ratings Systems have moved the market,proving that“a rising tide lifts all boats.”Consumers now factor environmental effect into their buying decisions,a trend that looks to continue and intensify with the millennial *** and homeowners are willing to pay more for high-performing and better quality housing based on environmental *** recognize that indoor air quality and daylighting improve employee performance and boost retention *** even bottom-line businesses are investing in benchmarking and efficiency projects that have the right return on investment *** Urban Land Institute’s Greenprint Center for Building Performance serves as a prime example of the ways developers implement benchmarking,energy efficiency,and high-performance standards in the major real estate sectors:office,retail,industrial,multifamily,and *** efficiency gains and higher-quality buildings in each of these sectors will be essential to reducing emissions and energy *** the transportation sector implements its own standards and benchmarking tools to achieve greater levels of sustainability across all modes of transportation,one industry that stands at the nexus of every building type and the transportation modes used to access them is *** is a key consideration that links land use and transportation:Parking is often the connection between where we are and where we want to *** may not have been at the forefront of the sustainability discussion or the media surrounding it in previous years,but the professionals who work in the world of parking know exactly how important the role of their industry is to the success of our cities,towns,institutions,and *** is big business;it is conservatively estimated to be a$30 billion *** directly contributes to the economic vitality and accessibility of where we

关键词： Sustainability triple bottom line rating system parking garages transportation TDM

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On the effects of spatial resolution on effective distance measurement in digital landscapes

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Ecological Processes 2021年第1期10卷 659-677页

作者： rachel Mundeli Murekatete Takeshi Shirabe KTH Royal Institute of Technology School of Architecture and the Built EnvironmentTeknikringen 10A11428 StockholmSweden University of Rwanda College of Science and TechnologyCentre for Geographic Information Systems and Remote SensingKN 67 Street NyarugengeKigaliRwanda

Background:Connectivity is an important landscape attribute in ecological studies and conservation practices and is often expressed in terms of effective *** the cost of movement of an organism over a landscape is effectively represented by a raster surface,effective distances can be equated with the cost-weighted distance of least-cost *** is generally recognized that this measure is sensitive to the grid’s cell size,but little is known if it is always sensitive in the same way and to the same degree and if not,what makes it more(or less)*** conducted computational experiments with both synthetic and real landscape data,in which we generated and analyzed large samples of effective distances measured on cost surfaces of varying cell sizes derived from those *** particular focus was on the statistical behavior of the ratio—referred to as‘accuracy indicator’—of the effective distance measured on a lower-resolution cost surface to that measured on a higher-resolution cost ***:In the experiment with synthetic cost surfaces,the sample values of the accuracy indicator were generally clustered around 1,but slightly greater with the absence of linear sequences(or barriers)of high-cost or inadmissible cells and smaller with the presence of such *** latter tendency was more dominant,and both tendencies became more pronounced as the difference between the spatial resolutions of the associated cost surfaces *** two real satellite images(of different resolutions with fairly large discrepancies)were used as the basis of cost estimation,the variation of the accuracy indicator was found to be substantially large in the vicinity(1500 m)of the source but decreases quickly with an increase in distance from ***:Effective distances measured on lower-resolution cost surfaces are generally highly correlated with—and useful predictors of—effective distances measured on higher-resolution cost *** relationship t

关键词： Landscape connectivity Effective distance Raster-based least-cost path model Accuracy Spatial resolution

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Pharmacological inhibition of cation-chloride cotransporters for neurological diseases

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Neural Regeneration Research 2015年第12期10卷 1924-1925页

作者： rachel Nepomuceno Dandan Sun Department of Neurology University of Pittsburgh Veterans Affairs Pittsburgh Health Care System Geriatric ResearchEducational and Clinical Center

γ-Aminobutyric acid（GABA）is a major neurotransmitter and plays important roles in both the developing and mature central nervous system（CNS）.One way that GABA can act is by binding to fast,ionotropic GABAA recept... 详细信息

关键词： Cl Pharmacological inhibition of cation-chloride cotransporters for neurological diseases GABAA

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A construct of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells—laden collagen scaffold for fertility restoration by inhibiting fibrosis in a rat model of endometrial injury

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Regenerative Biomaterials 2023年第1期10卷 1481-1495页

作者： Yangyang Dai Liaobing Xin Sentao Hu Shiqian Xu Dong Huang Xiaoying Jin Jianmin Chen rachel Wah Shan Chan Ernest Hung Yu ng William Shu Biu Yeung Lie Ma Songying Zhang Assisted Reproduction Unit Department of Obstetrics and GynecologySir Run Run Shaw HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou 310016China Key Laboratory of Reproductive Dysfunction Management of Zhejiang Province Hangzhou 310016China MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization Department of Polymer Science and EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology School of Clinical MedicineLKS Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong Kong SAR 999077China Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Fertility Regulation The University of Hong Kong Shenzhen HospitalShenzhen 518000China

Severe endometrium damage causes pathological conditions such as thin endometrium and intrauterine adhesion,resulting in uterine factor *** stem cell(MSC)therapy is a promising strategy in endometrial repair;yet,exogenous MSCs still raise concerns for safety and ethical *** adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells(ADMSCs)residing in adipose tissue have high translational potentials due to their autologous *** harness the high translation potentials of ADMSC in clinical endometrium regeneration,here we constructed an ADMSCs composited porous scaffold(CS/ADMSC)and evaluated its effectiveness on endometrial regeneration in a rat endometrium-injury *** found that CS/ADMSC intrauterine implantation(i)promoted endometrial thickness and gland number,(ii)enhanced tissue angiogenesis,(iii)reduced fibrosis and(iv)restored *** ascertained the pro-proliferation,pro-angiogenesis,immunomodulating and anti-fibrotic effects of CS/ADMSC in vitro and revealed that the CS/ADMSC influenced extracellular matrix composition and organization by a transcriptomic *** results demonstrated the effectiveness of CS/ADMSC for endometrial regeneration and provided solid proof for our future clinical study.

关键词： adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells collagen scaffold endometrium fibrosis regeneration

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The key piece of the airway remodeling puzzle revealed-LIGHT signaling in the lung

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Genes & Diseases 2023年第4期10卷 1131-1132页

作者： Ziyan rachel Chen Jim Hu Programmes in Translational Medicine Research InstituteHospital for Sick ChildrenTorontoOntario M5G 0A4Canada Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology University of TorontoTorontoOntario M5S 1A8Canada Department of Paediatrics University of TorontoTorontoOntario M5S 1A8Canada

Asthma is a chronic lung disease that primarily affects the lower respiratory tract in more than 300 million people *** is often triggered by exposure to certain substances or conditions,such as allergens or cold *** overreaction to the allergens causes inflammation and narrowing of the airway,which leads to episodic or persistent symptoms including shortness of breath,nocturnal cough,chest tightness,and wheezing.

关键词： airway lung inflammation

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Von Hippel-Lindau tumor suppressor pathways&corresponding therapeutics in kidney cancer

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2021年第7期48卷 552-559页

作者： Maxwell Shulman rachel Shi Qing Zhang Department of Pathology University of Texas Southwestern Medical CenterDallasTXUSA

The identification and application of the Von Hippel-Lindau(VHL)gene is a seminal breakthrough in kidney cancer *** and its protein p VHL are the root cause of most kidney cancers,and the cascading pathway below them is crucial for understanding hypoxia,in addition to the aforementioned tumorigenesis routes and *** reviewed the history and functions of VHL/pVHL and Hypoxia-inducible factor(HIF),their well-known activities under low-oxygen environments as an E3 ubiquitin ligase and as a transcription factor,respectively,as well as their non-canonical functions revealed ***,we discussed how their dysregulation promotes tumorigenesis:beginning with chromosome 3 p-arm(3p)loss/epigenetic methylation,followed by two-allele knockout,before the loss of complimentary tumor suppressor genes leads cells down predictable oncological *** different pathways can ultimately determine the grade,outcome,and severity of the deadliest genitourinary *** finished by investigating current and proposed schemes to therapeutically treat clear cell renal cell carcinoma(cc RCC)by manipulating the hypoxic pathway utilizing Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor(VEGF)inhibitors,mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1(mTORC1)inhibitors,small molecule HIF inhibitors,immune checkpoint blockade therapy,and synthetic lethality.

关键词： VHL HIF ccRCC Kidney cancer Hypoxia

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