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Evaluat.on of Clinician t.aining in Aut.sm Screening, Care Management. and Pat.ent.Educat.on

Open Journal of Pediat.ics 2024年第3期14卷 488-513页

作者： Belinda O’Hagan Julie Whit. Ilana Hardest. rachel Amgot. Candice Bangham Xinyang Liu Alyson Codner Amy Ursit.i Alana Chandler Sarah Fost.r Marilyn August.n Jacey Greece Division of Development.l and Behavioral Pediat.ics Department of Pediatrics Boston Medical Center Boston United States of America Bost.n Universit. Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine Boston United States of America Depart.ent.of Communit. Healt. Sciences Boston University School of Public Health Boston United States of America

Object.ve: t.e demand for pediat.ic development.l evaluat.ons has far exceeded t.e workforce available t. perform t.em, which creat.s long significant.wait.t.mes for services. A year-long clinician t.aining using t.e Ext.nsion for Communit. Healt.care Out.omes (ECHO®) model wit. mont.ly meet.ngs was conduct.d and evaluat.d for it. impact.on primary care clinicians’ self-report.d self-efficacy, abilit. t. administ.r aut.sm screening and counsel families, professional fulfillment. and burnout. Met.ods: Part.cipant. represent.d six communit. healt. cent.rs and a hospit.l-based pract.ce. Dat. collect.on was informed by part.cipant.feedback and t.e Normalizat.on Process t.eory via online surveys and focus groups/int.rviews. t.elve virt.al mont.ly t.ainings were delivered bet.een November 2020 and Oct.ber 2021. Result.: 30 clinicians part.cipat.d in dat. collect.on. Mat.hed analyses (n = 9) indicat.d st.t.st.cally significant.increase in self-rat.d abilit. t. counsel families about.aut.sm (Pre-t.st.Mean = 3.00, Post.t.st.Mean = 3.89, p = 0.0313), manage aut.st.c pat.ent.’ care (Pre-t.st.Mean = 2.56, Post.t.st.Mean = 4.11, p = 0.0078), empat.y t.ward pat.ent. (Pre-t.st.Mean = 2.11, Post.t.st.Mean = 1.22, p = 0.0156) and colleagues (Pre-t.st.Mean = 2.33, Post.t.st.Mean = 1.22, respect.vely, p = 0.0391). Unmat.hed analysis revealed increases in part.cipant. confident.about.educat.ng pat.ent. about.aut.sm (70.59%, post.t.st.n = 12 vs. 3.33%, pre-t.st.n = 1, p = 0.0019). Focus groups found increased confidence in using t.e t.rm “aut.sm”. Conclusion: Part.cipant. report.d increases in abilit. and confidence t. care for aut.st.c pat.ent., as well as empat.y t.ward pat.ent. and colleagues. Fut.re research should explore long-t.rm out.omes in part.cipant.’ knowledge ret.nt.on, confidence in pract.ce, and improvement. t. aut.sm evaluat.ons and care.

关键词： Aut.sm Spect.um Disorder Program Evaluat.on Case-Based t.aining Provider Burnout Cont.nuing Medical Educat.on

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Case St.dy for Undet.rmined Mosquit. Species by Polymerase Chain React.on in West.rn Burkina Faso

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American Journal of Molecular Biology 2024年第2期14卷 43-53页

作者： Koudraogo Bienvenue Yaméogo Sassan Simplice Kambou Domonbabélé François de Sales Hien Logot.o rachel Angela t.aore Franck Adama Yao Rakiswendé Serge Yerbanga Cent.e Nat.onal de la Recherche Scient.fique et.t.chnologique CNRSt Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Sante (IRSS) Laboratoire de recherche sur les maladies infectieuses et parasitaires Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso Inst.t.t.des Sciences et.t.chniques (INSt.ch Bobo) Avenue de Sya Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso

Int.oduct.on: Malaria eradicat.on campaigns all over t.e world are largely based on parasit. and vect.r cont.ol. Vect.r ident.ficat.on, whet.er morphological or molecular, is an essent.al component.of vect.r cont.ol. t.is st.dy analyzed t.e possible causes of indet.rminat. polymerase chain react.on (PCR) result. for mosquit. species in West.rn part.of Burkina Faso. Met.odology: From July 2021 t. November 2021, mosquit.es were collect.d during t.e period of high malaria t.ansmission in t.e village of Séguéré, Houet.province, Burkina Faso, and morphologically ident.fied. Aft.r DNA ext.act.on, samples were amplified by sine 200× PCR t. ident.fy species of t.e Anopheles gambiae complex. Indet.rminat. samples were t.en select.d for furt.er analysis. t.e paramet.rs st.died were: DNA dilut.on, t.e effect.of prot.col adjust.ng, and t.e t.pe of prot.col used. Result.: A t.t.l of 130 “indet.rminat.” DNAs dilut.d 1:10 were analyzed. Aft.r dilut.on, t.e mean amount.was 14.73 ± 3.59 ng/μL and absorbance 1.71 ± 0.1. PCR chain react.on yielded 94.62% (123/130) anopheline species in SINE PCR, 5.38% (7/130) “negat.ve”. A significant.difference bet.een SINE PCR before dilut.on and aft.r dilut.on was observed (P t.ficat.on t.st. carried out.using ot.er prot.cols gave no posit.ve result.. From t.ese result., we not. t.at.t.e adapt.t.on of t.e prot.col significant.y reduced t.e polymerase amplificat.on result. of t.e species. Conclusion: It.is t.erefore necessary t. respect.t.e amplificat.on prot.cols. However, t.e persist.nce of “indet.rminat.” result. suggest. t.at.furt.er st.dies should be carried out.t. shed more light.on t.e subject.

关键词： Malaria Vect.r DNA PCR

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感受建筑的温度

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艺术与设计 2024年第1期 122-125页

作者：楚琦无不详广州设计三年展

新年之初,“广州设计三年展2024”的开幕可谓是2024年开年第一场“设计盛宴”。无论从平面设计、产品设计,或是建筑设计及设计思维方面,来自27个国家的100位/组设计师,都围绕“有温度的设计”这一展览主题给出了自己的答案。

关键词：建筑设计平面设计产品设计设计思维展览主题温度设计师

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Self-Assembly of Colloidosome Shells on Drug-Cont.ining Hydrogels

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Journal of Biomat.rials and Nanobiot.chnology 2011年第1期2卷 1-7页

作者： rachel t. Rosenberg Nily Dan 不详

Colloidosomes are composed of an aqueous or hydrogel coret.at.is coat.d by a semi-permeable colloidal shell. t.e propert.es of t.e shell can be varied t. cont.ol t.e rat. of release of encapsulat.d component. such as drugs. Specifi-cally, t.e pores formed bet.een t.e colloidal part.cles suppress t.ansport.of large component., while allowing diffusion of smaller ones. Self-assembly of colloidal part.cles on hydrogel films is a convenient.met.od forcolloidosome synt.esis, but.t. dat. lit.le is known regarding t.e effect.(if any) of t.e encapsulat.d drug on t.e shell packing densit.. In t.is paper we examined self-assembly of colloidal shells on alginat. films cont.ining four model drugs: aspirin, caffeine, t.eophylline and t.eobromine. We find t.at.t.e packing densit. in t.e colloidal shells is low for all drugs, and ranges bet.een 0.16 and 0.3. t.ere is no clear correlat.on bet.een drug propert.es (in part.cular, wat.r solubilit.) and t.e packing densit. of t.e self-assembled colloidal shell.

关键词： Drug delivery Diffusion Colloids Colloidosomes

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St.t.st.cal and Machine Learning Met.ods for Vaccine Demand Forecast.ng: A Comparat.ve Analysis

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Journal of Comput.r and Communicat.ons 2020年第10期8卷 37-49页

作者： rachel t. Alegado Gilbert.M. t.mibay Nueva Ecija Universit. of Science and t.chnology Cabanatuan Philippines Graduat. School Angeles University Foundation Angeles Philippines Angeles Universit. Foundat.on Angeles Philippines

t.is st.dy aimed t. find a suit.ble model for forecast.ng t.e appropriat. st.ck of vaccines t. avoid short.ge and over-supply. t.e Aut.-Regressive Int.grat.d Moving Average (ARIMA) and Mult.layer Percept.on Neural Net.ork (MLPNN) models were used for forecast.ng t.me series dat.. t.e mont.ly vaccinat.on coverage was used t. develop t.e models from January 2014 unt.l December 2019. t.e dat.set.consist. of 72 mont.s of observat.on, t.e 60 mont.s of dat. are used for model fit.ing from January 2014 t. December 2019, and t.e remaining 12 mont.s of dat. from January 2019 t. December 2019 are used t. t.st.t.e accuracy of t.e forecast. t.e most.suit.ble forecast.model was select.d based on t.e lowest.Root.Mean Square Error (RMSE) value and t.e Mean Absolut. Error (MAE). t.e analyt.cal result.shows t.at.t.e MLPNN model out.erformed t.e ARIMA model in forecast.ng mont.ly demand for vaccines. t.e result. will help policymakers improve t.e proper use of vaccinat.on resources.

关键词： Vaccine Demand Forecast.ng ARIMA Machine Learning

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Spinal Analgesia wit. Int.at.ecal Morphine versus Convent.onal Analgesia aft.r Laparoscopic Colect.my: A Ret.ospect.ve Cohort.St.dy

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Open Journal of Anest.esiology 2024年第7期14卷 159-174页

作者： Lionel Diyamona Manon Colin Marc Léone Laurent.Zieleskiewicz Joseph Nsiala Wilfrid Mbombo rachel Mbala Bruno Past.ne Chris Nsit.avibidila Dan Kankonde Gracia Likinda Jean Claude Mubenga Khazy Anga Noelly Mukuna Christ.l Isengingo Depart.ent.of Anaest.esia and Int.nsive Care University Clinics of Kinshasa University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of the Congo Depart.ent.of Anaest.esia and Int.nsive Care Marseilles Nord Hospital Marseille France General Hospit.l of Kinshasa ex Mama Yemo Kinshasa Democratic Republic of the Congo Depart.ent.of Anaest.esia and Int.nsive Care Monkole Hospital Centre Kinshasa Democratic Republic of the Congo

Object.ve: Post.perat.ve pain (POP) following abdominal surgery can vary from a few hours t. several days. t.is acut., unrelieved pain can become chronic, requiring pat.ent. t. t.ke analgesics on an almost.daily basis for comfort. Analgesia using general opioids has many side effect. and int.at.ecal morphine is a good alt.rnat.ve. t.is st.dy was conduct.d t. evaluat. t.e efficacy of int.at.ecal morphine (It.) versus convent.onal analgesia in t.e management.of post.perat.ve pain in colect.my performed by laparoscopic surgery. Met.ods: Cohort.st.dy conduct.d at.t.e Hôpit.l Nord in Marseille, from 01 January t. 31 July 2021 in pat.ent. aged at.least.18 years undergoing anaest.esia for scheduled colect.my by laparoscopic surgery. t.e primary endpoint.was post.perat.ve pain int.nsit. and t.e secondary endpoint. were morphine consumpt.on, t.eat.ent.side effect. and lengt. of hospit.l st.y. St.t.st.cal analysis was performed using XLSt.t.soft.are. Result.: We included 193 pat.ent.: 131 in t.e cont.ol group (convent.onal analgesia) and 62 in t.e It. group. We observed: a significant.decrease in pain (assessed by numerical scale) in favour of t.e It. group in t.e post.anaest.et.c care room, i.e. 3 (±4) vs 1 (±2), p 0 and H2: 2 (±2) vs. 1 (±2);p Conclusion: t.ese result. suggest.t.at.int.at.ecal morphine (It.) in laparoscopic colect.my provides effect.ve post.perat.ve analgesia wit. low morphine consumpt.on, and a reduct.on in morphine side-effect. compared wit. convent.onal analgesia.

关键词： Int.at.ecal Morphine Colect.my Laparoscopy Convent.onal Analgesia

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Det.rminant. of Sexual Act.vit. among HIV-Infect.d Adolescent. in Cameroon

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Open Journal of Pediat.ics 2024年第5期14卷 921-936页

作者： Calixt. Ida Penda rachel Fot.o Yogue Nelly Noubi Kamgaing Sena Mouna Penda Loïc Boupda Francis At.ba Ndongo Christ.an Eyoum Rit.a Mbono Bet.ko Grace Dalle Ngondi Pat.icia Epee Eboumbou Francisca Monebenimp Essome Henri Facult. of Medicine and Pharmaceut.cal Sciences University of Douala Douala Cameroon General Hospit.l of Douala Douala Cameroon Facult. of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaound 1 Yaound Cameroon Universit. Hospit.l Cent.e of Yaound Yaound Cameroon Mokolo Regional Hospit.l Annex Mokolo Cameroon Universit. of Garoua Garoua Cameroon Mot.er and Child Cent.e of t.e Chant.l Biya Foundat.on in Yaound Yaound Cameroon Douala Laquint.nie Hospit.l Douala Cameroon Dist.ict.Hospit.l of Bonassama Douala Cameroon

Int.oduct.on: Adolescence is a period of t.ansit.on t. adult.ood, including for HIV-infect.d adolescent. (HIA), when sexual problems emerge. Few st.dies have been carried out.on t.e sexualit. of HIA. t.is st.dy aimed t. assess t.e sexual behavior of HIV-infect.d adolescent. in Cameroon. Met.odology: A cross-sect.onal st.dy was conduct.d in t.ree hospit.ls in t.e cit.es of Yaoundé and Douala, from November 2019 t. June 2020. All HIA aged 13 t. 19 years followed in t.e st.dy who knew t.eir HIV st.t.s were included in t.e st.dy aft.r obt.ining t.eir assent.and t.eir parent.s consent. Socio-demographic and clinical charact.rist.cs were collect.d, as well as sexual pract.ces and t.e det.rminant. of t.eir sexual act.vit.. A mult.variat. analysis was performed t. explore t.e relat.onship bet.een t.e different.variables st.died and t.e sexual act.vit. of t.ese adolescent.. Result.: Of 204 HIA enrolled in t.e st.dy, 64 (31.7%) were sexually act.ve, t.e mean age at.first.sexual int.rcourse was 15.6 ± 2.8 years and t.e sex rat.o was 0.94. Of t.e adolescent. in t.e st.dy, 75.7% of girls and 61.2% of boys had regular sexual act.vit., while 21.3% of girls and 35.4% of boys had mult.ple sexual relat.onships in t.e six mont.s preceding t.e st.dy. Nearly 16 (25.0%) of t.e sexually act.ve HIA had more t.an 2 sexual encount.rs per mont., 6 (9.3%) of t.ese encount.rs had been paid for and 9 (27.2%) of t.e girls had already had at.least.one pregnancy. More t.an 7 out.of 10 HIA (79.6%) had used a condom t.e last.t.me t.ey had sex. Age less t.an 18 years [OR = 11.1 (95% CI: 3.1 - 39.4), p = 0.001], lack of remunerat.on [OR = 9.8 (95% CI: 2.0 - 47.4), p = 0.001] and self-care were significant.y associat.d wit. sexual act.vit. in HIA, while school at.endance was a prot.ct.ve fact.r. Self-funded HIAs were 21 t.mes more likely t. be sexually act.ve [OR = 21.6 (95% CI: 2.3 - 179), p = 0.004]. Conclusion: More t.an a t.ird of HIV-infect.d adolescent. were sexually act.ve and risky sexual pract.

关键词： HIV Adolescent Sexual Behavior Cameroon

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Forecast.ng Measles Immunizat.on Coverage Using ARIMA Model

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Journal of Comput.r and Communicat.ons 2019年第10期7卷 157-168页

作者： rachel t. Alegado Gilbert.M. t.mibay Nueva Ecija Universit. of Science and t.chnology CabanatuanPhilippines Graduat. School Angeles University FoundationAngelesPhilippines Angeles Universit. Foundat.on AngelesPhilippines.

t.is st.dy aimed t. find a model t. forecast.mont.ly measles immunizat.on coverage using Aut.regressive Int.grat.d Moving Average (ARIMA). t.e mont.ly regist.red dat. for measles immunizat.on coverage from January 2014 t. December 2018 were used for t.e development.of t.e model. t.e best.model wit. t.e smallest.Normalized Bayesian Informat.on Crit.rion (BIC) of 8.673 is ARIMA (0, 1, 0). ARIMA (0, 1, 0) was used t. forecast.t.e mont.ly measles immunizat.on coverage for t.e next.36 mont.s from January 2018 t. December 2020. t.e result. obt.ined prove t.at.t.is model can be used for forecast.ng fut.re immunizat.on coverage and will help decision-makers t. est.blish st.at.gies, priorit.es, and proper use of immunizat.on resources.

关键词： Forecast.ng Measles Immunizat.on Coverage ARIMA Modeling

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t.e benefit. of being dominant.healt. correlat.s of male social rank and age in a marmot

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Current.Zoology 2022年第1期68卷 19-26页

作者： Kent. UCHIDA rachel NG Samuel A.VYDRO Jennifer E.SMIt. Daniel t.BLUMSt.IN Depart.ent.of Ecology&Evolut.onary Biology University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90095-1606USA Depart.ent.of Biology Mills CollegeOaklandCA 94613USA t.e Rocky Mount.in Biological Laborat.ry Crested ButteCO 81224USA

t.e benefit. of dominance may not.come wit.out.cost.,part.cularly for *** example,t.e“immunocompet.nce handicap hypot.esis”st.t.s t.at.males wit. enhanced mat.ng success allocat. resources t. enhance reproduct.ve out.ut.at.a cost.t. t.eir current.healt.,whereas t.e“resource qualit. hypot.esis”predict. t.at.high-ranking males may benefit.from increased reproduct.on and good *** t.e predict.ons from each have been well t.st.d in capt.ve animals and in a variet. of highly social primat.s,fewer st.dies have been carried out.in free-living,facult.t.vely social *** adult.male yellow-bellied marmot.(Marmot. flavivent.r),we evaluat.d predict.ons of t.ese hypot.eses by examining t.e relat.onship bet.een social rank and 2 healt. indicat.rs—fecal glucocort.coid met.bolit.(FCM)levels,and neut.ophil/lymphocyt.(N/L)rat.os—aft.r account.ng for variat.on explained by age,body mass,and *** found t.at.higher-ranking males t.nded t. have a lower N/L rat.o(reflect.ng good healt.)t.an lower-ranking individuals,whereas FCM levels were not.significant.y relat.d t. *** addit.on,heavier male marmot. had lower N/L rat.os,whereas body mass was not.associat.d wit. FCM *** also found t.at.older adult.males had lower FCM levels(reflect.ng less physiological st.ess)but.higher N/L rat.os t.an younger ***,we found t.at.FCM levels decreased as t.e act.ve season progressed and FCM levels were associat.d wit. t.e t.me of t.e ***,our result. suggest.t.at.socially-dominant.male marmot. enjoyed bet.er,not.worse healt. in t.rms of lower N/L rat.os.

关键词： immunocompet.nce handicap hypot.esis life hist.ry t.ade-offs N/L rat.o physiological st.ess resource qualit. hypot.esis

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On t.e effect. of spat.al resolut.on on effect.ve dist.nce measurement.in digit.l landscapes

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Ecological Processes 2021年第1期10卷 659-677页

作者： rachel Mundeli Murekat.t. t.keshi Shirabe Kt. Royal Inst.t.t. of t.chnology School of Architecture and the Built EnvironmentTeknikringen 10A11428 StockholmSweden Universit. of Rwanda College of Science and TechnologyCentre for Geographic Information Systems and Remote SensingKN 67 Street NyarugengeKigaliRwanda

Background:Connect.vit. is an import.nt.landscape at.ribut. in ecological st.dies and conservat.on pract.ces and is oft.n expressed in t.rms of effect.ve *** t.e cost.of movement.of an organism over a landscape is effect.vely represent.d by a rast.r surface,effect.ve dist.nces can be equat.d wit. t.e cost.weight.d dist.nce of least.cost.*** is generally recognized t.at.t.is measure is sensit.ve t. t.e grid’s cell size,but.lit.le is known if it.is always sensit.ve in t.e same way and t. t.e same degree and if not.what.makes it.more(or less)*** conduct.d comput.t.onal experiment. wit. bot. synt.et.c and real landscape dat.,in which we generat.d and analyzed large samples of effect.ve dist.nces measured on cost.surfaces of varying cell sizes derived from t.ose *** part.cular focus was on t.e st.t.st.cal behavior of t.e rat.o—referred t. as‘accuracy indicat.r’—of t.e effect.ve dist.nce measured on a lower-resolut.on cost.surface t. t.at.measured on a higher-resolut.on cost.***:In t.e experiment.wit. synt.et.c cost.surfaces,t.e sample values of t.e accuracy indicat.r were generally clust.red around 1,but.slight.y great.r wit. t.e absence of linear sequences(or barriers)of high-cost.or inadmissible cells and smaller wit. t.e presence of such *** lat.er t.ndency was more dominant.and bot. t.ndencies became more pronounced as t.e difference bet.een t.e spat.al resolut.ons of t.e associat.d cost.surfaces *** t.o real sat.llit. images(of different.resolut.ons wit. fairly large discrepancies)were used as t.e basis of cost.est.mat.on,t.e variat.on of t.e accuracy indicat.r was found t. be subst.nt.ally large in t.e vicinit.(1500 m)of t.e source but.decreases quickly wit. an increase in dist.nce from ***:Effect.ve dist.nces measured on lower-resolut.on cost.surfaces are generally highly correlat.d wit.—and useful predict.rs of—effect.ve dist.nces measured on higher-resolut.on cost.*** relat.onship t

关键词： Landscape connect.vit. Effect.ve dist.nce Rast.r-based least.cost.pat. model Accuracy Spat.al resolut.on

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