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Philippine retinoblastoma initiative multi-eye center study 2010-2020

International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第1期17卷 144-156页

作者： Roland Joseph D.Tan Gary John V.mercado Patricia E.Cabrera Paulita Pamela P.Astudillo Rolando Enrique D.Dom.ngo Josept mari S.Poblete Charmaine Grace m.Cabebe Adriel Vincent R.Te melissa Anne S.Gonzales Jocelyn G.Sy Beltran Alexis A.Aclan Jayson T.So Fatima G.Regala Kimberley Amanda K.Comia Josemaria m.Castro mara Augustine S.Galang Aldous Dominic C.Cabanlas Benedicto Juan E.Aguilar Gabrielle S.Evangelista Jo michael maniwan Andrei P.martin Calvin Y.martinez John Alfred H.Lim Rena Ivy Bascuna rachel m.ng Kevin B.Agsaoay Kris Zanna A.Acluba-Arao Ellaine Rose V.Apostol Beatriz m.Prieto Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Philippine General HospitalManila 1000Philippines Department of Ophthalmology Baguio General Hospital and Medical CenterBaguio City 2600Philippines Department of Ophthalmology Manila Doctors HospitalManila 1000Philippines Department of Ophthalmology Rizal Medical CenterPasig City 1600Philippines Department of Ophthalmology Jose B.Lingad Memorial Regional HospitalPampanga 2000Philippines Department of Ophthalmology Southern Philippines Medical CenterDavao City 8000Philippines Department of Ophthalmology East Avenue Medical CenterQuezon City 1100Philippines Department of Ophthalmology Northern Mindanao Medical CenterCagayan de Oro City 9000Philippines Department of Ophthalmology Cebu Velez General HospitalCebu City 6000Philippines Legazpi Eye Center Legazpi City 4500Philippines Department of Ophthalmology Cagayan Valley Medical CenterTuguegarao City 3500Philippines

AIm:To provide a comprehensive and more representative national data on the disease,especially on treatment options and outcomes,and to determine access of retinoblastoma patients from Luzon,Visayas and mindanao to eye care,and determine if access is associated with delay in consultation,staging and outcomes.mETHODS:Cohort study of retinoblastoma patients seen in eleven institutions located in the three major areas of the Philippines namely Luzon,Vizayas and mindanao from 2010-2020.RESULTS:Totally 636 patients,involving 821 eyes,were included.majority(57%)were from Luzon and were seen in institutions in Luzon(72%).Annually,58±10 new cases were seen with 71%having unilateral disease.median delay of consultation remained long at 9(3,17)mo,longest in patients with unilateral disease(Pm the Visayas(Pma Staging System,only 35%of patients had Stage 1 while 47%already had extraocular disease.Enucleation was the most common treatment received by 484 patients while intravenous chemotherapy was received by 469.There were 250(39%)patients alive,195(31%)dead,85(13%)abandoned,17(3%)refused and 89(14%)with no data.CONCLUSION:This study presents the largest cohort of retinoblastoma patients in the Philippines in terms of patients’and participating institutions’number and geographical location and type of institution(private and public).It also presents more comprehensive data on the treatments used and outcomes(survival,globe salvage,and vision retention rates).Delay in consultation was still long am.ng patients leading to advanced disease stage and lower survival rate.Despite increasing capacity to diagnose and manage retinoblastoma in the country,the delay of consultation remains long primarily due to accessibility issues to eye care institutions especially in the Visayas and financial concerns.The delay was still significant that overall survival rate remain low.

关键词： retinoblastoma Philippines clinical profile

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The Combined Effect of Lumenato and Ceramide in the Protection of Collagen Damage Induced by Neutrophils in Normal Human Dermal Fibroblasts

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Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology 2024年第2期15卷 140-159页

作者： Yulia Solomonov rachel Levy Immunology and Infectious Diseases Laboratory Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology Faculty of Health Sciences Ben-Gurion University of The Negev Beer-Sheva Israel

Introduction: Collagen is the primary structural protein fibroblasts produce in the skin’s extracellular matrix. Infiltration of neutrophils into the epidermis and dermis by exposure to UV causes collagen damage and contributes to photoaging. methods: To study the combined effect of Lumenato and ceramide in preventing collagen-1 damage induced by phagocytes, we used co-cultures of normal human dermal fibroblasts (fibroblasts) and activated human neutrophils. The present study aimed to determine the protective effect of the combination of Lumenato and ceramide on fibroblast collagen-1 damage induced by neutrophils. Results: Lumenato (in the range of 6.5 - 208 μg/ml) or ceramide (in the range of 0.1 - 50 μm) inhibited the production of superoxides and mPO by TNFα-stimulated neutrophils, as well as the production of NO by LPS-stimulated macrophages in a dose-dependent manner. The combinations of Lumenato and ceramide, in low concentrations, caused synergistic prevention of fibroblasts’ collagen-1 damage induced by TNFα-activated neutrophils, detected by fluorescence immunostaining and WB analysis. mPO activity in the supernatants of the co-cultures was also synergistically inhibited. Adding Lumenato or ceramide singly or in combinations in these low concentrations to the fibroblast cultures did not affect the expression of collagen-1. The combinations of Lumenato or ceramide in these concentrations also caused a synergistic inhibition of NO production by activated macrophages. Conclusions: The results suggest that combining low concentrations of Lumenato and ceramide results in synergistic protection against fibroblasts’ collagen-1 damage induced by neutrophils, thus indicating their possible potential for enhanced skin health.

关键词： Dermal Fibroblasts Neutrophils Collagen-1 Lumenato Ceramide

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Systematic Radio Telescope Alignment Using Portable Fringe Projection Profilometry

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Nanomanufacturing and metrology 2024年第1期7卷 75-85页

作者： Joel Berkson Justin Hyatt Nathan Julicher Byeongjoon Jeong Isaac Pimienta rachel Ball Wyatt Ellis Jason Voris Diego Torres‑Barajas Daewook Kim James C.Wyant College of Optical Sciences University of Arizona1630 E.University Blvd.TucsonAZ 85721USA Department of Astronomy at Steward Observatory University of Arizona933 N Cherry Ave.TucsonAZ 85721USA

In 2019,the Event Horizon Telescope(EHT)released the first-ever image of a black hole event horizon.Astronomers are now aim.ng for higher angular resolutions of distant targets,like black holes,to understand more about the fundamental laws of gravity that govern our universe.To achieve this higher resolution and increased sensitivity,larger radio telescopes are needed to operate at higher frequencies and in larger quantities.Projects like the next-generation Very Large Array(ngVLA)and the Square-Kilometer Array(SKA)require building hundreds of telescopes with diameters greater than 10 ms over the next decade.This has a twofold effect.Radio telescope surfaces need to be more accurate to operate at higher frequencies,and the logistics involved in maintaining a radio telescope need to be simplified to support them properly in large quantities.Both of these problems can be solved with improved methods for surface metrology that are faster and more accurate with a higher resolution.This leads to faster and more accurate panel alignment and,therefore,a more productive observatory.In this paper,we present the use of binocular fringe projection profilometry as a solution to this problem and demonstrate it by aligning two panels on a 3-m radio telescope dish.The measurement takes only 10 min and directly delivers feedback on the tip,tilt,and piston of each panel to create the ideal reflector shape.

关键词： metrology Fringe projection profilometry Off-axis alignment Radio astronomy Radio antenna

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modeling and Characterization of Fine Particulate matter Dynamics in Bujumbura Using Low-Cost Sensors

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Journal of Applied mathematics and Physics 2024年第1期12卷 256-267页

作者： Egide Ndamuzi rachel Akimana Paterne Gahungu Elie Bimenyimana Doctorate School of the University of Burundi Bujumbura Burundi Department of Physics University of Burundi Bujumbura Burundi Department of mathematics Imperial College London London UK Climate and Atmosphere Research Centre (CARE-C) The Cyprus Institute Nicosia Cyprus

Air pollution is a result of multiple sources including both natural and anthropogenic activities. The rapid urbanization of the cities such as Bujumbura, economic capital of Burundi, is one of these factors. The very first characterization of the spatio-temporal variability of Pm2.5 in Bujumbura and the forecasting of Pm2.5 concentration have been conducted in this paper using data collected during a year, from August 2022 to August 2023, by low-cost sensors installed in Bujumbura city. For each commune, an hourly, daily and seasonal analysis was carried out and the results showed that the mass concentrations of Pm2.5 in the three municipalities differ from one commune to another. The average hourly and annual Pm2.5 concentrations exceed the World Health Organization standards. The range is between 28.3 and 35.0 μg/m3. In order to make a prediction of Pm2.5 concentration, an investigation of Recurrent Neural Networks with Long Short-Term memory has been undertaken.

关键词： Particulate matter Recurrent Neural Networks Calibration

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Evaluation of the Antibacterial and Antifungal Capacity of Nanoemulsions Loaded with Synthetic Chalcone Derivatives Di-Benzyl Cinnamaldehyde and Benzyl 4-Aminochalcone

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Journal of Renewable materials 2024年第2期12卷 285-304页

作者： Flavia Oliveira monteiro da Silva Abreu Taysse Holanda Joice Farias do Nascimento Henety Nascimento Pinheiro rachel menezes Castelo Hélcio Silva dos Santos Thais Benincá Patrícia da Silva malheiros Júlio César Sousa Prado Raquel de Oliveira Fontenelle maria madalena de Camargo Forte Natural Polymers Laboratory PPGCNState University of CearáFortaleza60.714.903Brazil Polymeric materials Laboratory PPGE3MFederal University of Rio Grande do SulPorto Alegre91501-970Brazil Natural Product Chemistry Laboratory PPGCNState University of CearáFortaleza60.714.903Brazil Food Hygiene and microbiology Laboratory PPGCTAFederal University of Rio Grande do SulPorto Alegre91501-970Brazil microbiology Laboratory Medicine SchoolFederal University of CearáSobral62010-560Brazil

With the increase in antimicrobial resistance,it has become necessary to explore alternative approaches for combating and preventing diseases.DB-cinnamaldehyde(CNm)and Benzyl4-amino(B4Am)are bioactive compounds derived from chalcones but with restricted solubility in aqueous media.Nanoemulsions can enhance the solubility of compounds and can be a promising alternative in the development of novel antimicrobials,with reduced side effects and prolonged release.The objective of this study was to evaluate the stability of oil-in-water nanoemulsions loaded with two distinct types of chalcones at two different dosages,to propose a stable formulation with antimicrobial properties.Results showed that nanoemulsions presented high encapsulation efficiency,low polydispersity index(PDI)and particle size below 200 nm,indicating that emulsification was a suitable method for nanoemulsion preparation.Nanoemulsions with higher dosages exhibited significant antimicrobial effects when compared to free chalcones and positive controls.Notably,B4Am nanoemulsions at higher dosages showed expressive activity against Salmonella minnesota,with a 420%greater inhibitory response compared to the free form and showing equivalence to the positive control.CNm nanoemulsions showed excellent inhibitory activity at the highest dosage,equivalent to the positive control against S.minnesota and Staphylococcus aureus.The greater number of conjugated bonds in CNm increased the antimicrobial activity in comparison with B4Am,and the formation of nanometric domains enhanced the bioavailability,being a promising alternative for antimicrobial applications.

关键词： Polysaccharide nanoemulsions S.aureus S.minnesota chalcones alginate

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Characterization of folic acid,5-methyltetrahydrofolate and synthetic folinic acid in the high-affinity folate transporters:impact on pregnancy and development

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Reproductive and Developmental medicine 2023年第2期7卷 102-107页

作者： Ana m.Palacios rachel A.Feiner Robert m.Cabrera Department of Nutritional Sciences Dell Pediatric Research InstituteUniversity of Texas at AustinAustinTexas Department of Health Policy and Community Health Jiann Ping Hsu College of Public HealthGeorgia Southern UniversitySavannahGeorgia Department of Behavioral Neuroscience College of ScienceNortheastern UniversityBostonMassachusetts Center for Precision Environmental Health Baylor College of MedicineHoustonTexas

Objectives:Folates are B vitamins that are essential for several molecular,cellular,and biological processes,including nucleotide synthesis,methylation,and methionine cycling.The physiological impacts of these processes on health also extend to cell proliferation,folate deficiency anemia,and reduction of the risk of birth defects during pregnancy.The primary objective of this study was to characterize the binding affinities of different folate forms,folic acid(FA),5-methyltetrahydrofolate(5mTHF),and folinic acid,to the folate receptorsαandβ,and to the bovine milk folate binding protein.These three dietary forms of folate are found in enriched grains(FA),various fruits and leafy vegetables(folinic acid),and red blood cells(5mTHF).methods:The half maximal inhibitory concentration values and binding curves of each of these folates for each receptor were determined.Results:Our results indicated that FA had the highest affinity for all folate receptors,followed by 5mTHF,and lastly,by folinic acid,examined by several orders of magnitudes.Conclusion:These data are expected to provide new insights into the therapeutic applications of the different forms of folate in a variety of diseases.

关键词： 5-methyltetrahydrofolate folic acid folinic acid folate receptorα folate receptorβ affinity

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Regulation of enolase activation to promote neural protection and regeneration in spinal cord injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第7期18卷 1457-1462页

作者： Hannah mmcCoy rachel Polcyn Naren LBanik Azizul Haque Department of microbiology and Immunology Medical University of South CarolinaCharlestonSCUSA Department of Neurosurgery Medical University of South CarolinaCharlestonSCUSA Ralph H.Johnson Veterans Administration medical Center CharlestonSCUSA

Spinal cord injury(SCI)is a debilitating condition characterized by damage to the spinal cord resulting in loss of function,mobility,and sensation with no U.S.Food and Drug Administration-approved cure.Enolase,a multifunctional glycolytic enzyme upregulated after SCI,promotes pro-and anti-inflammatory events and regulates functional recovery in SCI.Enolase is normally expressed in the cytosol,but the expression is upregulated at the cell surface following cellular injury,promoting glial cell activation and signal transduction pathway activation.SCI-induced microglia activation triggers pro-inflammatory mediators at the injury site,activating other immune cells and metabolic events,i.e.,Rho-associated kinase,contributing to the neuroinflammation found in SCI.Enolase surface expression also activates cathepsin X,resulting in cleavage of the C-terminal end of neuron-specific enolase(NSE)and non-neuronal enolase(NNE).Fully functional enolase is necessary as NSE/NNE C-terminal proteins activate many neurotrophic processes,i.e.,the plasminogen activation system,phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase/protein kinase B,and mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase.Studies here suggest an enolase inhibitor,ENOblock,attenuates the activation of Rho-associated kinase,which may decrease glial cell activation and promote functional recovery following SCI.Also,ENOblock inhibits cathepsin X,which may help prevent the cleavage of the neurotrophic C-terminal protein allowing full plasminogen activation and phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase/mitogen-activated protein kinase activity.The combined NSE/cathepsin X inhibition may serve as a potential therapeutic strategy for preventing neuroinflammation/degeneration and promoting neural cell regeneration and recovery following SCI.The role of cell membrane-expressed enolase and associated metabolic events should be investigated to determine if the same strategies can be applied to other neurodegenerative diseases.Hence,this review discus

关键词： cathepsin X ENOblock enolase glia mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase neurodegeneration neuroinflammation phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase/protein kinase B Rho-associated protein kinase spinal cord injury

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Eat more natural dietary fiber and whole grains to minimize liver disease risk

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2022年第4期11卷 601-604页

作者： rachel m.Golonka Beng San Yeoh matam Vijay-Kumar Department of Physiology and Pharmacology University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life SciencesToledoOHUSA

Nutritional habits in the United States have dramatically changed since the Industrial Revolution in the 18th century.However,not every‘advancement’from then to now has improved human dietary habits and health.This is evident from the rising epidemic of nutritional insufficiencies associated with the increasing prevalence of age-related diseases(1).Work from Dennis Burkett in the late 1960s was one of the first to hypothesize that refinement of grains and removal of dietary fiber could explain the regional dichotomy in disease incidence(2).

关键词： fiber refinement grains

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Critical analysis of feeding jejunostomy following resection of upper gastrointestinal malignancies

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2017年第2期9卷 53-60页

作者： Andrew m Blakely Saad Ajmal rachel E Sargent Thomas T ng Thomas J miner Department of Surgery Rhode Island HospitalProvidence Warren Alpert medical School of Brown University Providence

AIm To assess nutritional recovery,particularly regarding feeding jejunostomy tube(FJT)utilization,following upper gastrointestinal resection for malignancy. mETHODS A retrospective review was performed of a prospectively-maintained database of adult patients who underwent esophagectomy or gastrectomy(subtotal or total)for cancer with curative intent,from January 2001 to June 2014. Patient demographics,the approach to esophagectomy,the extent of gastrectomy,FJT placement and utilization at discharge,administration of parenteral nutrition(PN),and complications were evaluated. All patients were followed for at least ninety days or until death.RESULTS The 287 patients underwent upper GI resection,comprised of 182 esophagectomy(n=107 transhiatal,58.7%; n=56 Ivor-Lewis,30.7%)and 105 gastrectomy [n=63 subtotal(SG),60.0%; n=42 total(TG),40.0%]. 181 of 182 esophagectomy patients underwent FJT,compared with 47 of 105 gastrectomy patients(99.5% vs 44.8%,P m most had undergone TG(n=39,92.9% vs n=8 SG,12.9%,P median length of stay was similar between esophagectomy and gastrectomy groups(14.7 d vs 17.1 d,P=0.076). Upon discharge,87 esophagectomy patients(48.1%)were taking enteral feeds,with 53(29.3%)fully and 34(18.8%)partially dependent. meanwhile,20 of 39 TG patients(51.3%)were either fully(n=3,7.7%)or partially(n=17,43.6%)dependent on tube feeds,compared with 5 of 8 SG patients(10.6%),all of whom were partially dependent. Gastrectomy patients were significantly less likely to be fully dependent on tube feeds at discharge compared to esophagectomy patients(6.4% vs 29.3%,P=0.0006). PN was administered despite FJT placement more often following gastrectomy than esophagectomy(n=11,23.4% vs n=7,3.9%,P=0.0001). FJT-specific complications requiring reoperation within 30 d of resection occurred more commonly in the gastrectomy group(n=6),all after TG,compared to 1 esophagectomy patient(12.8% vs 0.6%,P=0.0003). Six of 7 patients(85.7%)who experienced tube-related complications required PN.CONCLUSION Nutri

关键词：喂 jejunostomy Esophagectomy Gastrectomy 营养的恢复结果

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B cells in pancreatic cancer stroma

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第11期28卷 1088-1101页

作者： Francesca Romana Delvecchio michelle R Goulart rachel Elizabeth Ann Fincham michele Bombadieri Hemant m Kocher William Harvey Research Institute Queen Mary University of LondonLondon EC1M 6BQUnited Kingdom Barts Cancer Institute Queen Mary University of LondonLondon EC1M 6BQUnited Kingdom Barts and the London HPB Centre Barts Health NHS TrustLondon E11BBUnited Kingdom

Pancreatic cancer is a disease with high unmet clinical need.Pancreatic cancer is also characterised by an intense fibrotic stroma,which harbours many immune cells.Studies in both human and animal models have demonstrated that the immune system plays a crucial role in modulating tumour onset and progression.In human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma,high B-cell infiltration correlates with better patient survival.Hence,B cells have received recent interest in pancreatic cancer as potential therapeutic targets.However,the data on the role of B cells in murine models is unclear as it is dependent on the pancreatic cancer model used to study.Nevertheless,it appears that B cells do organise along with other immune cells such as a network of follicular dendritic cells(DCs),surrounded by T cells and DCs to form tertiary lymphoid structures(TLS).TLS are increasingly recognised as sites for antigen presentation,T-cell activation,Bcell maturation and differentiation in plasma cells.In this review we dissect the role of B cells and provide directions for future studies to harness the role of B cells in treatment of human pancreatic cancer.

关键词： B cells Pancreatic cancer Cancer immunology Tertiary lymphoid structures Anti-tumour immunoglobulins Plasma cells

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