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<i>In Vitro</i>mitigation of Pathogenic Bacteria and Virulence Factors Using a Hydroconductive Dressing

Surgical Science 2013年第11期4卷 477-485页

作者： Lauren T. moffatt rachel T. Ortiz Bonnie C. Carney Rachael m. Bullock martin C. Robson marion H. Jordan Jeffrey W. Shupp Department of Surgery University of South Florida Tampa USA Firefighters’ Burn and Surgical Research Laboratory MedStar Health Research Institute Washington DC USA

Wound infections can have devastating effects on healing as well as the health of the patient. Complications increase when the pathogens are capable of producing virulence factors and/or are drug resistant. Novel methods are needed to take on the challenges of treating such wounds. Drawtex®?dressing is purported to have hydroconductive properties that allow it to draw away debris and exudate from the wound into the dressing. The goal of this work is to better define these interactions of this experimental dressing with bacteria and virulence factors. Two series of in vitro experiments were performed. First, pieces of experimental dressing were submerged in a series of cultures in flasks and samples of the dressing and cultures were taken over 90 minutes and assayed for bacteria and virulence factor levels. Second, experimental or standard care (control) dressings were placed on selective agar plated with pathogens of interest. Dressings and the agar covered by them were used to quantify bacteria and virulence factors over time. The experimental dressing took up both bacteria and virulence factors to a larger extent than the control dressing. Experimental dressing significantly reduced the load of bacteria and virulence factors in cultures compared to control culture without dressing. Based on the ability of the dressing to take up bacteria and virulence factors in this study, the data point to the potential for this dressing to be similarly effective in reducing or eliminating pathogen from wounds, potentially increasing the chances of successful wound healing.

关键词： Infection mRSA Virulence Factors Dressing

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高精度可移动原子钟

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物理 2017年第4期46卷 246-246页

作者：朱星 rachel m.Godun 北京大学

任何一位戴手表的人都享受到在不同地点读出时间的便利,或者使用它去校准不同的钟表。与此类似的是,从事最高精度原子钟的工作人员也需要在边远地区获得时间和频率的信息。他们也需要比对世界各地不同实验室中同一时刻运行的时钟。这就... 详细信息

任何一位戴手表的人都享受到在不同地点读出时间的便利,或者使用它去校准不同的钟表。与此类似的是,从事最高精度原子钟的工作人员也需要在边远地区获得时间和频率的信息。他们也需要比对世界各地不同实验室中同一时刻运行的时钟。这就需要原子钟能被移动到不同地区而仍能正常工作。

关键词：读出时间可控环境引力势铯钟钟在不确定度广义相对论折中方案可重复性光纤连接

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《SHOCK》2019年第5期新观点

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实用休克杂志（中英文） 2019年第3期3卷 179-180页

作者： rachel m.Russo Hasan B.Alam 喻南慧(译) 不详湖南省人民医院(湖南师范大学附属第一医院)急诊科、急危重症代谢组学湖南省重点实验室

2018年5月休克杂志有哪些新的内容?本期《休克》提供了优秀的16篇文章,涵盖了休克、损伤、炎症和脓毒症的基础和临床研究结果。本月重要的主题是脓毒症的器官功能障碍。中性粒细胞功能失调是脓毒症器官功能障碍早期发展的关键步骤.

关键词：器官功能障碍中性粒细胞脓毒症临床研究功能失调休克

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Isolated sacral injuries: Postoperative length of stay, complications, and readmission

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2015年第8期6卷 629-635页

作者： Vasanth Sathiyakumar Hanyuan Shi rachel V Thakore Young m Lee David Joyce Jesse Ehrenfeld William T Obremskey manish K Sethi the Vanderbilt Orthopaedic Institute Center for Health Policy Medical Center East

AIm: To investigate inpatient length of stay(LOS), complication rates, and readmission rates for sacral fracture patients based on operative ***: All patients who presented to a large tertiary care center with isolated sacral fractures in an 11-year period were included in a retrospective chart review. Operative approach(open reduction internal fixation vs percutaneous) was noted, as well as age, gender, race, and American Society of Anesthesiologists' score. Complications included infection, nonunion and malunion, deep venous thrombosis, and hardware problems; 90-d readmissions were broken down into infection, surgical revision of the sacral fracture, and medical complications. LOS was collected for the initial admission and readmission visits if applicable. Fisher's exact and non-parametric t-tests(mann-Whitney U tests) were employed to compare LOS, complications, and readmissions between open and percutaneous ***: Ninety-four patients with isolated sacral fractures were identified: 31(30.4%) who underwentopen reduction and internal fixation(ORIF) vs 63(67.0%) who underwent percutaneous fixation. There was a significant difference in LOS based on operative approach: 9.1 d for ORIF patients vs 6.1 d for percutaneous patients(P = 0.043), amounting to a difference in cost of $13590. Ten patients in the study developed complications, with no significant difference in complication rates or reasons for complications between the two groups(19.4% for ORIF patients vs 6.3% for percutaneous patients). Eight patients were readmitted, with no significant difference in readmission rates or reasons for readmission between the two groups(9.5% percutaneous vs 6.5% ORIF).CONCLUSION: There is a significant difference in LOS based on operative approach for sacral fracture patients. Given similar complications and readmission rates, we recommend a percutaneous approach.

关键词： Sacral fractures Open reduction and internal fixation Percutaneous complications Readmissions Length of stay

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China Patient-centered Evaluative Assessment of Cardiac Events Prospective Study of Acute myocardial Infarction： Study Design

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Chinese medical Journal 2016年第1期129卷 72-80页

作者： rachel P Dreyer Xi Li Xue Du Nicholas S Downing Li Li Hai-Bo Zhang Fang Feng Wen-Chi Guan Xiao Xu Shu-Xia Li Zhen-Qiu Lin Frederick A masoudi John A Spertus Harlan m Krumholz Li-Xin Jiang National Clinical Research Center of Cardiovascular Diseases State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease Fuwai Hospital National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Beijing 100037 China Center for Outcomes Research and Evaluation Yale-New Haven Hospital New Haven Connecticut USA Section of Cardiovascular medicine Department of Internal Medicine Yale School of Medicine New Haven Connecticut USA Department of Obstetrics Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences Yale School of Medicine New Haven Connecticut USA Division of Cardiology University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus Aurora Colorado USA Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics University of Missouri - Kansas City Kansas City Missouri USA Saint Luke's mid America Heart Institute Kansas City Missouri USA The Robert Wood Johnson Foundation Clinical Scholars Program Department of Internal Medicine Yale School of Medicine New Haven Connecticut USA Department of Health Policy and management Yale School of Public Health New Haven Connecticut USA

Background： Despite the rapid growth in the incidence of acute myocardial infarction （AmI） in China, there is limited information about patients＇ experiences after AmI hospitalization, especially on long-tern1 adverse events and patient-reported outcomes （PROs）. methods： The China Patient-centered Evaluative Assessment of Cardiac Events （PEACE）-Prospective AmI Study will enroll 4000 consecutive Am I patients from 53 diverse hospitals across China and follow them longitudinally for 12 months to docunlent their treatment, recovery, and outcomes. Details of patients＇ medical history, treatment, and in-hospital outcomes are abstracted from medical charts. Comprehensive baseline interviews are being conducted to characterize patient demographics, risk factors, presentation, and healthcare utilization. As part of these interviews, validated instruments are administered to measure PROs, including quality of life, symptoms, mood, cognition, and sexual activity. Follow-up interviews, measuring PROs, medication adherence, risk factor control, and collecting hospitalization events are conducted at 1, 6, and 12 months after discharge. Supporting documents for potential outcomes are collected for adjudication by clinicians at the National Coordinating Center. Blood and urine samples are also obtained at baseline, 1 - and 12-month follow-up. In addition, we are conducting a survey of participating hospitals to characterize their organizational characteristics. Conclusion： The China PEACE-Prospective AmI study will be uniquely positioned to generate new information regarding patient＇s experiences and outcomes alter AmI in China and seiwe as a foundation for quality improveinent activities.

关键词： Acute myocardial Infarction Outcomes Research Patient-reported Outcome measures Prospective Cohort

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临床试验报告的透明性理清各自职责

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英国医学杂志中文版 2019年第2期22卷 69-70页

作者： Rochon Paula A Nathan m Stall rachel D Savage An-Wen Chan 陈立敏(译) Women′s College Research Institute Women′s College HospitalTorontoONCanada Division of Geriatric medicine Department of MedicineUniversity of TorontoONCanada Division of Dermatology Department of MedicineUniversity of TorontoTorontoONCanada 中华医学杂志英文版编辑部

患者、医生、监管者和决策者依靠临床试验来评估新药、疫苗和设备的有效性和安全性。自20世纪90年代以来,大多数临床试验都有产业赞助,这些赞助者与学术界合作,以得到临床和方法学专家的意见、招募受试者并参与学术出版。最近,为了有效... 详细信息

患者、医生、监管者和决策者依靠临床试验来评估新药、疫苗和设备的有效性和安全性。自20世纪90年代以来,大多数临床试验都有产业赞助,这些赞助者与学术界合作,以得到临床和方法学专家的意见、招募受试者并参与学术出版。最近,为了有效地监视临床试验,产业赞助越来越多地转向与研究机构签订合同。这些营利性实体雇用临床医师科学家、药剂师、生物统计学家、管理人员和医学论文写手,而这些人控制着试验的设计、实施、分析和报告。这种对临床试验的商业化监视,使试验中学术型医师的作用变得相对不那么重要了。

关键词：临床试验报告职责透明临床医师生物统计学学术型研究机构医学论文

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Braf Kinase is Critical to Learning & memory

Braf Kinase is Critical to Learning & Memory

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中国遗传学会“发育、遗传和疾病”研讨会

作者： masuo Ohno K.Peter Giese rachel L.Chen Alcino J.Silva Departments of Neurobiology Psychiatry and Psychology Brain Research Institute University of California Los Angeles California 90095-1761 USA Departments of Neurobiology Psychiatry and Psychology Brain Research Institute University of California Los Angeles California 90095-1761 USA Departments of Neurobiology Psychiatry and Psychology Brain Research Institute University of California Los Angeles California 90095-1761 USA Departments of Neurobiology Psychiatry and Psychology Brain Research Institute University of California Los Angeles California 90095-1761 USA

mEK-ERK cascade plays roles in various forms of learning and memory and plasticity,therefore could be a therapeutic interest for mental retardation or other brain *** kinases are upstream activators of the mEK-ERK *** Raf isoforms,Braf is preferentially expressed in the brain and is suggested to be the major mEK *** study the function of Braf in synaptic plasticity and learning & memory,we generated Braf knockout *** knockout are embryonic lethal and heterozygous knockouts are physically ***,heterozygotic loss of Brafgene results in deficits in ERK activation and hippocampal long-term-potentiation(LTP).The mutant mice also showed impairments in hippocampus-dependent L&m,including morris water maze and contextual discrimination. In contrast,the knockout did not disrupt other forms of learning,such as cued conditioning and conditioned taste *** finding demonstrates that Braf plays a critical role in hippocampal ERK activation, synaptic plasticity and L&m.

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Experimental Analysis of Interacting HT22 Plasma membrane Cholesterol and β-Amyloid

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Advances in Alzheimer's Disease 2017年第4期6卷 75-96页

作者： George Livadiotis Leila Assas maher A. Dayeh Saber Elaydi Chloe Phea James L. Roberts Yara Samman rachel Tchen Southwest Research Institute San Antonio USA Department of mathematics King Abdul Aziz University Jeddah Saudi Arabia Trinity University San Antonio USA

The peptide β-Amyloid (β-A) is known to be one of the primary factors causing neurodegeneration in the Alzheimer disease. Hence, one would like to know the factors that would increase or decrease the toxicity of β-Amyloid in the brain. One of the factors that are debated in the literature is cholesterol, where it is not clear if modulating the levels of cholesterol would affect the degree of toxicity of β-Amyloid on neuron cells in the brain. In order to investigate this problem, data were collected and analyzed for three types of experiments: 1) Correspondence between cholesterol and methyl-β-cyclodextrin (mβCD) measurements;2) measurements of the relative fluorescence unit (RFU) with respect to mβCD concentration (with/without β-A);and 3) RFU measurements with respect to β-A concentration (with/without mβCD). HT22 hippocampal neurons immortalized with the simian virus SV-40 large T-antigen plasmid vector were used to conduct the experiments. mito-ID membrane potential cytotoxicity was used as a measure of mitochondrial potential change. The statistical analysis of the presented experimental results indicates that cholesterol has no statistically significant effect on the degree of toxicity of β-Amyloid.

关键词： Alzheimer Disease β-Amyloid Cholesterol

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放射状角膜切开术的组织病理学

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美国医学会眼科杂志（中文版） 2005年第3期17卷 165-165,169页

作者： Sarit m.Patel rachel A.Tesser Daniel m.Albert Christopher R.Croasdale 郑邦和（译）

我们报告的病例，以照片表示放射状角膜切开术（RK）有显著的上皮下纤维化。这一类型瘢痕形成是photorefractive（光屈光性——译者注）角膜切开术的众所周知的并发症，但并无很好的图片证明其为RK的有害效果。虽然这样广泛的纤维化不... 详细信息

我们报告的病例，以照片表示放射状角膜切开术（RK）有显著的上皮下纤维化。这一类型瘢痕形成是photorefractive（光屈光性——译者注）角膜切开术的众所周知的并发症，但并无很好的图片证明其为RK的有害效果。虽然这样广泛的纤维化不常见，但它可以发生，并引起显著的视力损害。

关键词：放射状角膜切开术组织病理学瘢痕形成视力损害纤维化并发症屈光性 RK

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Effects of Pupil Diameter on Light Detection and Temporal modulation

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Eye Science 2003年第3期19卷 137-141页

作者： rachel S Li Andrew W Siu Johnny C Liyu Elice C Chan Department of Optometry and Radiography The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Kowloon Hong Kong SAR China Corresponding author. Andrew W Siu PhD. Department of Optometry and Radiography The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Kowloon HongKong SAR ChinaDepartment of Optometry and Radiography The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Kowloon Hong Kong SAR China Department of Optometry and Radiography The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Kowloon Hong Kong SAR China

Purpose: This study compared the effects of pupil variation on light detection and temporal modulation across the central visual ***:Light detection sensitivity (LDS) and low flickering frequency (6Hz) temporal modulation sensitivity (TmS) of 20 young subjects were measured from the central visual field of the right eyes using an automated perimeter (medmont m600). The measurements were taken under 3 artificial pupils, I.e. 3 mm, 4.3 mm and 6 mm *** sensitivities were grouped and averaged for different retinal eccentricities(3°, 6°, 10° and 15°).Results:TmS and LDS were reduced with increasing retinal eccentricities( P ＜ 0.001)and decreasing pupil diameters( P ＜ 0.001). TmS collected from all pupil diameters were significantly different from each other( P ＜ 0.001). Similarly, LDS under 3 mm pupil was statistically different from those of 4.3 mm and 6 mm(P ＜ 0.003). Comparison of the hills of vision showed that pupil variation resulted in significantly different slopes (P=0.001).The slopes were also found to be significantly different between TmS and LDS (P=0.012).Conclusions: The data showed that dilated pupil resulted in significantly higher sensitivities than those of smaller pupil for both visual functions. The difference in the slopes of hills of vision also suggested that the variation in retinal illumination affected the visual responses differently at various retinal eccentricitities for TmS and LDS.

关键词：瞳孔直径光觉检查中央视野闪烁频率

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