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Molecular engineering binuclear copper catalysts for selective cO_(2) reduction to c_(2) products

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Journal of Energy chemistry 2024年第6期93卷 166-173,I0005页

作者： Qi Zhao Kai Lei Bao Yu Xia rachel crespo-Otero Devis Di Tommaso Department of chemistry School of Physical and Chemical SciencesQueen Mary University of LondonLondonE14NSUK Key Laboratory of Material chemistry for Energy conversion and Storage(Ministry of Education) Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service FailureState Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die&Mould TechnologySchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and Technology(HUST)Wuhan 430074HubeiChina Department of chemistry University College LondonLondonWC1H 0AJUK Digital Environment Research Institute Queen Mary University of LondonEmpire HouseLondon E11HHUK

Molecular copper catalysts serve as exemplary models for correlating the structure-reaction-mechanism relationship in the electrochemical cO_(2) reduction(ecO_(2)R),owing to their adaptable environments surrounding the copper metal *** investigation,employing density functional theory calculations,focuses on a novel family of binuclear cu molecular *** modulation of their coordination configuration through the introduction of organic groups aims to assess their efficacy in converting cO_(2) to c_(2)*** findings highlight the crucial role of chemical valence state in shaping the characteristics of binuclear cu catalysts,consequently influencing the ecO_(2)R behaviour,Notably,the cu(Ⅱ)cu(Ⅱ)macrocycle catalyst exhibits enhanced suppression of the hydrogen evolution reaction(HER),facilitating proton trans fer and the ecO_(2)R *** rthermore,we explo re the impact of diverse electro n-withdrawing and electron-donating groups coordinated to the macrocycle(R=-F,-H,and-OcH_3)on the electron distribution in the molecular *** placement of-OcH_3 groups in the macrocycles leads to a favourable oxidation state of the cu centres and subsequent c-c coupling to form c_(2) *** research provides fundamental insights into the design and optimization of binuclear cu molecular catalysts for the electrochemical conversion of cO_(2) to value-added c_(2) products.

关键词： Molecular catalyst design Selective cO_(2)reduction c_(2)products Density functional theory calculations

Systematic Radio Telescope Alignment Using Portable Fringe Projection Profilometry

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Nanomanufacturing and Metrology 2024年第1期7卷 75-85页

作者： Joel Berkson Justin Hyatt Nathan Julicher Byeongjoon Jeong Isaac Pimienta rachel Ball Wyatt Ellis Jason Voris Diego Torres‑Barajas Daewook Kim James c.Wyant college of Optical Sciences University of Arizona1630 E.University Blvd.TucsonAZ 85721USA Department of Astronomy at Steward Observatory University of Arizona933 N Cherry Ave.TucsonAZ 85721USA

In 2019,the Event Horizon Telescope(EHT)released the first-ever image of a black hole event *** are now aiming for higher angular resolutions of distant targets,like black holes,to understand more about the fundamental laws of gravity that govern our *** achieve this higher resolution and increased sensitivity,larger radio telescopes are needed to operate at higher frequencies and in larger *** like the next-generation Very Large Array(ngVLA)and the Square-Kilometer Array(SKA)require building hundreds of telescopes with diameters greater than 10 ms over the next *** has a twofold *** telescope surfaces need to be more accurate to operate at higher frequencies,and the logistics involved in maintaining a radio telescope need to be simplified to support them properly in large *** of these problems can be solved with improved methods for surface metrology that are faster and more accurate with a higher *** leads to faster and more accurate panel alignment and,therefore,a more productive *** this paper,we present the use of binocular fringe projection profilometry as a solution to this problem and demonstrate it by aligning two panels on a 3-m radio telescope *** measurement takes only 10 min and directly delivers feedback on the tip,tilt,and piston of each panel to create the ideal reflector shape.

关键词： Metrology Fringe projection profilometry Off-axis alignment Radio astronomy Radio antenna

Modeling and characterization of Fine Particulate Matter Dynamics in Bujumbura Using Low-cost Sensors

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Journal of Applied Mathematics and Physics 2024年第1期12卷 256-267页

作者： Egide Ndamuzi rachel Akimana Paterne Gahungu Elie Bimenyimana Doctorate School of the University of Burundi Bujumbura Burundi Department of Physics University of Burundi Bujumbura Burundi Department of Mathematics Imperial College London London UK climate and Atmosphere Research centre (cARE-c) The Cyprus Institute Nicosia Cyprus

Air pollution is a result of multiple sources including both natural and anthropogenic activities. The rapid urbanization of the cities such as Bujumbura, economic capital of Burundi, is one of these factors. The very first characterization of the spatio-temporal variability of PM2.5 in Bujumbura and the forecasting of PM2.5 concentration have been conducted in this paper using data collected during a year, from August 2022 to August 2023, by low-cost sensors installed in Bujumbura city. For each commune, an hourly, daily and seasonal analysis was carried out and the results showed that the mass concentrations of PM2.5 in the three municipalities differ from one commune to another. The average hourly and annual PM2.5 concentrations exceed the World Health Organization standards. The range is between 28.3 and 35.0 μg/m3. In order to make a prediction of PM2.5 concentration, an investigation of Recurrent Neural Networks with Long Short-Term Memory has been undertaken.

关键词： Particulate Matter Recurrent Neural Networks calibration

Habitable Land Will Soon Become the World’s Scarcest Resource: Why Appalachia Should choose climate change Havens over Millionaire Estates and Golf courses

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2024年第6期15卷 716-730页

作者： Elizabeth c. Hirschman Devonte Booth Tzu-Wei Huang Kamryn Livingston Kobe McReynolds rachel Six Logan Smith Olivia Toomer Department of Business and Economics University of Virginia-Wise Wise USA

This research advocates for the construction of climate change Haven communities across the Appalachian Region. The proposed development plan can be extended to the northern tier states across the US and also to the northern and mountainous regions of Europe and Asia. We present an analogy to the earlier climate change period of the Last Glacial Maximum/“Ice Age” in which these same northern regions of the planet were covered in ice sheets making them uninhabitable for most humans and many plant and animal species. In some significant ways, the Ice Age scenario can be a reverse-model for our current climate crisis. We also advocate strongly for the prevention of upscale real estate development projects in these same regions of the globe, as these will foreclose the possibility of safely sheltering the millions of persons who will be displaced by climate change over the next 5 to 10 years.

关键词： climate change Appalachia Habitable Land climate change Haven communities Two-caste Economic System Migration Ice Age Analogies

Evaluation of the Antibacterial and Antifungal capacity of Nanoemulsions Loaded with Synthetic chalcone Derivatives Di-Benzyl cinnamaldehyde and Benzyl 4-Aminochalcone

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2024年第2期12卷 285-304页

作者： Flavia Oliveira Monteiro da Silva Abreu Taysse Holanda Joice Farias do Nascimento Henety Nascimento Pinheiro rachel Menezes castelo Hélcio Silva dos Santos Thais Benincá Patrícia da Silva Malheiros Júlio césar Sousa Prado Raquel de Oliveira Fontenelle Maria Madalena de camargo Forte Natural Polymers Laboratory PPGCNState University of CearáFortaleza60.714.903Brazil Polymeric Materials Laboratory PPGE3MFederal University of Rio Grande do SulPorto Alegre91501-970Brazil Natural Product chemistry Laboratory PPGCNState University of CearáFortaleza60.714.903Brazil Food Hygiene and Microbiology Laboratory PPGCTAFederal University of Rio Grande do SulPorto Alegre91501-970Brazil Microbiology Laboratory Medicine SchoolFederal University of CearáSobral62010-560Brazil

With the increase in antimicrobial resistance,it has become necessary to explore alternative approaches for combating and preventing ***-cinnamaldehyde(cNM)and Benzyl4-amino(B4AM)are bioactive compounds derived from chalcones but with restricted solubility in aqueous *** can enhance the solubility of compounds and can be a promising alternative in the development of novel antimicrobials,with reduced side effects and prolonged *** objective of this study was to evaluate the stability of oil-in-water nanoemulsions loaded with two distinct types of chalcones at two different dosages,to propose a stable formulation with antimicrobial *** showed that nanoemulsions presented high encapsulation efficiency,low polydispersity index(PDI)and particle size below 200 nm,indicating that emulsification was a suitable method for nanoemulsion *** with higher dosages exhibited significant antimicrobial effects when compared to free chalcones and positive ***,B4AM nanoemulsions at higher dosages showed expressive activity against Salmonella minnesota,with a 420%greater inhibitory response compared to the free form and showing equivalence to the positive *** nanoemulsions showed excellent inhibitory activity at the highest dosage,equivalent to the positive control against *** and Staphylococcus *** greater number of conjugated bonds in cNM increased the antimicrobial activity in comparison with B4AM,and the formation of nanometric domains enhanced the bioavailability,being a promising alternative for antimicrobial applications.

关键词： Polysaccharide nanoemulsions S.aureus S.minnesota chalcones alginate

The risk of prostate cancer on incidental finding of an avid prostate uptake on 2-deoxy-2-[^(18)F]fluoro-D-glucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography for non-prostate cancer-related pathology:A single centre retrospective study

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Asian Journal of Urology 2024年第1期11卷 33-41页

作者： Anthony Franklin Troy Gianduzzo Boon Kua David Wong Louise McEwan James Walters rachel Esler Matthew J.Roberts Geoff coughlina John W.Yaxley Department of Urology The Wesley HospitalBrisbaneQLDAustralia Wesley Medical Research BrisbaneQLDAustralia School of Medicine The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLDAustralia Department of Radiology Wesley Medical ImagingBrisbaneQLDAustralia Department of Urology Royal Brisbane and Women's HospitalBrisbaneQLDAustralia

Objective:To review the risk of prostate cancer(Pca)in men with incidentally reported increased intraprostatic uptake at 2-deoxy-2-[18F]fluoro-d-glucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography(18F-FDG PET/cT)ordered at Department of Urology,The Wesley Hospital,Brisbane,QLD,Australia for non-Pca related ***:Retrospective analysis of consecutive men between August 2014 and August 2019 presenting to a single institution for 18F-FDG PET/cT for non-prostate related conditions was *** were classified as benign,indeterminate,or malignant depending of the results of prostate-specific antigen(PSA),PSA velocity,biopsy histopathology,and three-Tesla(3 T)multiparametric MRI(mpMRI)Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System score,or gallium-68-prostate-specific membrane antigen(68Ga-PSMA)PET/cT ***:Three percent(273/9122)of men demonstrated 18F-FDG avidity within the ***-five percent(231/273)were further investigated,including with PSA tests(227/231,98.3%),3 T mpMRI(68/231,29.4%),68Ga-PSMA PET/cT(33/231,14.3%),and prostate biopsy(57/231,24.7%).Results were considered benign in 130/231(56.3%),indeterminate in 31/231(13.4%),and malignant in 70/231(30.3%).Pca was identified in 51/57(89.5%)of the men who proceeded to biopsy,including 26/27(96.3%)men with Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System scores 4-5 mpMRI and six men with a positive 68Ga-PSMA PET/*** most common Gleason score on biopsy was greater than or equal to 4+5(14/51,27.5%).68Ga-PSMA PET/cT was concordant with the 18F-FDG findings in 26/33(78.8%).All 13 men with a positive concordant 18F-FDG,3 T mpMRI,and 68Ga-PSMA PET/cT had Pca on *** was no statistically significant difference in the 18F-FDG maximum standardized uptake value between the benign or malignant groups(5.7 vs.6.1;p=0.580).conclusion:In this study,after an incidental finding of an avid intraprostatic lesion on 18F-FDG PET/cT,70 of the 231 cases(30.3%;0.8%of the entire cohort)had results c

关键词： Prostatecancer Positionemission tomography Multiparametric magneticresonance imaging Prostatebiopsy

Incorporating mesopelagic fish into the evaluation of conservation areas for marine living resources under climate change scenarios

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Marine Life Science & Technology 2024年第1期6卷 68-83页

作者： Shuhao Liu Yang Liu Katharina Teschke Mark AHindell rachel Downey Briannyn Woods Bin Kang Shuyang Ma chi Zhang Jianchao Li Zhenjiang Ye Peng Sun Jianfeng He Yongjun Tian Research centre for Deep Sea and Polar Fisheries and Key Laboratory of MaricultureMinistry of EducationOcean University of ChinaQingdao 266003China Frontiers Science center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System Ocean University of ChinaQingdao 266100China Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine ResearchAm Handelshafen 1227570 BremerhavenGermany Helmholtz Institute for Functional Marine Biodiversity at the University Oldenburg Ammerländer Heerstraße 23123129 OldenburgGermany Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies University of TasmaniaHobart 7004Australia Fenner School of Environment and Society Australian National UniversityCanberraACT 2602Australia college of Fisheries Ocean University of ChinaQingdao 266003China Polar Research Institute of china Shanghai 200136China

Mesopelagic fish(meso-fish)are central species within the Southern Ocean(SO).However,their ecosystem role and adaptive capacity to climate change are rarely integrated into protected areas *** is a pity given their importance as crucial prey and predators in food webs,coupled with the impacts of climate ***,we estimate the habitat distribution of nine meso-fish using an ensemble model approach(MAXENT,random forest,and boosted regression tree).Four climate model simulations were used to project their distribution under two representative concentration pathways(RcP4.5 and RcP8.5)for short-term(2006–2055)and long-term(2050–2099)*** addition,we assess the ecological representativeness of protected areas under climate change scenarios using meso-fish as indicator *** models show that all species shift poleward in the ***(family Myctophidae)are predicted to migrate poleward more than other families(Paralepididae,Nototheniidae,Bathylagidae,and Gonostomatidae).In comparison,lanternfishes were projected to increase habitat area in the eastern SO but lose area in the western SO;the opposite was projected for species in other *** areas(IAs)of meso-fish are mainly distributed near the Antarctic Peninsula and East *** protected area cover 23% of IAs at present and 38%of IAs in the future(RcP8.5,long-term future).Many IAs of meso-fish still need to be included in protected areas,such as the Prydz Bay and the seas around the Antarctic *** results provide a framework for evaluating protected areas incorporating climate change adaptation strategies for protected areas management.

关键词： Myctophids Mesopelagic fish Species distribution model Southern Ocean Antarctic Peninsula

SIMAP500: A novel risk score to identify recipients at higher risk of hepatocellular carcinoma recurrence following liver transplantation

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World Journal of Transplantation 2024年第3期14卷 132-143页

作者： Amr Alnagar Nekisa Zakeri Konstantinos Koilias Rosemary E Faulkes rachel Brown Owen cain M Thamara P R Perera Keith J Roberts Rebeca Sanabria-Mateos David c Bartlett Yuk Ting Ma Shivan Sivakumar Shishir Shetty Tahir Shah Bobby V M Dasari Department of HBP and Liver Transplantation Surgery Queen Elizabeth HospitalUniversity Hospitals BirminghamBirmingham B152GWUnited Kingdom centre for Liver Research Institute of Biomedical ResearchBirmingham B152TTUnited Kingdom Department of Hepatology Queen Elizabeth HospitalUniversity Hospitals BirminghamBirmingham B152GWUnited Kingdom Department of Pathology University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation TrustBirmingham B152GWUnited Kingdom Department of Oncology Queen Elizabeth HospitalUniversity Hospitals of BirminghamBirmingham B152GWUnited Kingdom

BAcKGROUND Recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma(Hcc)following liver transplantation(LT)has a devastating influence on recipients’survival;however,the risk of recur-rence is not routinely *** stratification is vital with a long LT waiting time,as that could influence the recurrence despite strict listing *** This study aims to identify predictors of recurrence and develop a novel risk pre-diction score to forecast Hcc recurrence following *** A retrospective review of LT for Hcc recipients at University Hospitals Bir-mingham between July 2011 and February *** and multivariate analyses were performed to identify recurrence predictors,based on which the novel SIMAP500(satellite nodules,increase in size,microvascular invasion,AFP>500,poor differentiation)risk score was *** 234 LTs for Hcc were performed with a median follow-up of 5.3 *** developed in 25 patients(10.7%).On univariate analyses,RETREAT score>3,α-fetoprotein(AFP)at listing 100-500 and>500,bridging,increased tumour size between imaging at the listing time and explant histology,increase in the size of viable tumour between listing and explant,presence of satellite nodules,micro-and macrovascular invasion on explant and poor differentiation of tumours were significantly associated with recurrence,based on which,the SIMAP500 risk score is *** SIMAP500 demonstrated an excellent predictive ability(c-index=0.803)and outper-formed the RETREAT score(c-index=0.73).SIMAP500 is indicative of the time to disease *** SIMAP500 risk score identifies the LT recipients at risk of Hcc *** stratification allows patient-centric post-transplant surveillance *** validation of the score is recommended.

关键词： Liver transplantation Hepatocellular carcinoma Recurrence Survival

The role of copper in enhancing the performance of heteronuclear diatomic catalysts for the electrochemical cO_(2)conversion to c_(1) chemicals

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Journal of Energy chemistry 2023年第10期85卷 490-500,I0013页

作者： Qi Zhao rachel crespo-Otero Devis Di Tommaso Department of chemistry School of Physical and Chemical SciencesQueen Mary University of LondonLondon E14NSUK Department of chemistry University College LondonLondon WC1H 0AJUK

Diatomic catalysts(DAcs)with two adjacent metal atoms supported on graphene can offer diverse functionalities,overcoming the inherent limitations of single atom catalysts(SAcs).In this study,density functional theory calculations were conducted to investigate the reactivity of the carbon dioxide(cO_(2))reduction reaction(cO_(2)RR)on metal sites of both DAcs and SAcs,as well as their synergistic effects on activity and *** of the Gibbs free energies of cO_(2)RR and associated values of the limiting potentials to generate c_(1) products showed that cu acts as a promoter rather than an active catalytic centre in the catalytic cO_(2)conversion on heteronuclear DAcs(cuN_(4)-MN_(4)),improving the catalytic activity on the other metal compared to the related SAc MN_(4).cu enhances the initial reduction of cO_(2)by promoting orbital hybridization between the key intermediate*cOOH 2p-orbitals and the metals 3d-orbitals around the Fermi *** degree of hybridization in the DAcs cuN_(4)-MN_(4) decreases from Fe to co,Ni,and *** work demonstrates how cu regulates the cO_(2)RR performance of heteronuclear DAcs,offering an effective approach to designing practical,stable,and high-performing diatomic catalysts for cO_(2)electroreduction.

关键词： Electrocatalytic cO_(2)reduction Single atom catalysts Diatomic catalysts Graphene Density functional theory calculations