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Advances in engineered Bacillus subtilis biofilms and spores, and their applications in bioremediation, biocatalysis, and biomaterials

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Synthetic and Systems Biotechnology 2021年第3期6卷 180-191页

作者： Muhammad Zubair Mohsin rabia omer Jiaofang Huang Ali Mohsin Meijin Guo Jiangchao Qian Yingping Zhuang State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering East China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai 200237PR China

Bacillus subtilis is a commonly used commercial specie with broad applications in the fields of bioengineering and biotechnology.B.subtilis is capable of producing both biofilms and spores.Biofilms are matrix-encased multicellular communities that comprise various components including exopolysaccharides,proteins,extracellular DNA,and poly-γ-glutamic acid.These biofilms resist environmental conditions such as oxidative stress and hence have applications in bioremediation technologies.Furthermore,biofilms and spores can be engineered through biotechnological techniques for environmentally-friendly and safe production of bio-products such as enzymes.The ability to withstand with harsh conditions and producing spores makes Bacillus a suitable candidate for surface display technology.In recent years,the spores of such specie are widely used as it is generally regarded as safe to use.Advances in synthetic biology have enabled the reprogramming of biofilms to improve their functions and enhance the production of value-added products.Globally,there is increased interest in the production of engineered biosensors,biocatalysts,and biomaterials.The elastic modulus and gel properties of B.subtilis biofilms have been utilized to develop living materials.This review outlines the formation of B.subtilis biofilms and spores.Biotechnological engineering processes and their increasing application in bioremediation and biocatalysis,as well as the future directions of B.subtilis biofilm engineering,are discussed.Furthermore,the ability of B.subtilis biofilms and spores to fabricate functional living materials with self-regenerating,self-regulating and environmentally responsive characteristics has been summarized.This review aims to resume advances in biological engineering of B.subtilis biofilms and spores and their applications.

关键词： Bacillus subtilis Biofilms Spores Biocatalysis Bioremediation Biomaterials Synthetic biology

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Magnetic resonance imaging evaluation of head and neck involvement in IgG4-related disease

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2023年第6期16卷 276-283页

作者： Umur Anil Pehlivan Kamil Karaali Hatice Deniz Ilhan Mehmet Soy Didem Arslan omer Kaya rabia Miray Kisla-Ekinci Burcak Cakir-Pekoz Ummuhan Cay Arbil Acikalin Ahmet Muhtesem Agildere Department of Radiology Başkent University Adana Dr.Turgut Noyan Application and Research CenterAdanaTurkey Department of Radiology Akdeniz University Faculty of MedicineAntalyaTurkey Department of Ophthalmology Akdeniz University Faculty of MedicineAntalyaTurkey Department of Internal Medicine and Rheumatology Bahçelievler Medical ParkAltınbaşUniversity Faculty of MedicineİstanbulTurkey Department of Internal Medicine and Rheumatology Çukurova University Faculty of MedicineAdanaTurkey Department of Radiology Çukurova University Faculty of MedicineAdanaTurkey Department of Pediatric Rheumatology Adana City Training and Research HospitalAdanaTurkey Department of Radiology Adana City Training and Research HospitalAdanaTurkey Department of Pediatric Infectious Disease Çukurova University Faculty of MedicineAdanaTurkey Department of Pathology Çukurova University Faculty of MedicineAdanaTurkey Department of Radiology Başkent University Faculty of MedicineAnkaraTurkey

Objective:To evaluate the radiological features of IgG4-related disease(IgG4-RD)in the head and neck region.Methods:In this radiology-based study,radiological features,clinical,laboratory,pathological findings,and prognosis of nine patients with head and neck involvement diagnosed with IgG4-RD were investigated retrospectively.Results:The median age of the patients was 38 years(range:2.5-79 years),and there were six males and three females.The most common symptoms and clinical findings of the patients were eyelid and lacrimal gland swelling,painless exophthalmos,and ophthalmoplegia.The most common site of involvement on MRI was the orbit.Orbital involvement was followed by branches of the trigeminal nerve,sinonasal cavity,cervical lymph nodes,and dural involvement.The most common and remarkable imaging features were T2 hypointensity and diffuse homogeneous contrast enhancement.Conclusions:Head and neck involvement of the IgG4-RD,has specific imaging features that can help with diagnosis.Thus,early diagnosis and better outcomes can be achieved with increasing awareness of these features of this relatively new pathology.

关键词： IgG4 Head and neck imaging Magnetic resonance imaging Orbit Perineural spreading

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Outcomes of Evacuation Extradural Hematoma via Craniotomy under Local Anesthesia

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Neuroscience & Medicine 2017年第3期8卷 41-45页

作者： Moazzam Waheed Sheikh Ifrah Shahnawaz Muhammad Abdullah omer Kamal rabia Naheed Aisha Bushra Muhammad Nadeem University College of Medicine and Dentistry University of Lahore Lahore Pakistan Fatima Memorial Hospital Lahore Pakistan University at Buffalo Buffalo NY USA

Background: The EDH occurs due to the accumulation of bleeding between the inner table of the skull and the outer layer of the dura mater. It is said to account for 1% - 3% of all head injured patients and 9% of those who are comatose. The only life-saving treatment of choice is evacuation of EDH via craniotomy. Methods: This was a prospective observational study, where 40 patients were in follow-up for determining the outcomes of evacuation via craniotomy. Results: Majority of the patients were young and males. The main outcome of the evacuation was favorable (recovered), but certain unfavorable outcomes were also accounted like mortality. Conclusion: The pre-surgery clinical findings like consciousness of patient were an important indicator for EDH evacuation outcome. In most of the cases, the outcome was favorable with progressive recovery.

关键词： Evacuation Extradural Hematoma Mortality Consciousness Unfavorable Outcomes

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