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Color and Gloss Changes of a Lignin-Based Polyurethane Coating under Accelerated Weathering

Journal of Renewable Materials 2024年第2期12卷 305-323页

作者： Fatemeh Hassani Khorshidi Saeed Kazemi Najafi Farhood Najafi Antonio Pizzi Dick Sandberg rabi behrooz Department of Wood Science and Technology Faculty of Natural ResourcesTarbiat Modares UniversityTehranIran Department of Resin and Additives Institute for Color Science and TechnologyP.O.Box 16765-654TehranIran LERMAB University of LorraineBlvd des AiguillettesNancy54000France Wood Science and Engineering LuleåUniversity of TechnologySkellefteåSweden

The purpose of this research study was to investigate the properties of polyurethane coatings based on lignin *** this purpose,the prepared coatings were applied to pine wood surfaces and weathered ***,color and gloss of the coatings were measured before and after the weathering *** emission scanning electron microscopy(FE-SEM)micrographs prepared from the coatings showed that the average size of nano-particles in the polyurethane substrate was approximately 500 *** magnetic resonance(13C-NMR)spectroscopy showed that strong urethane bonds were formed in the nano-lignin-based *** calorimetric analysis(DSC)test revealed that the glass-transition temperature(Tg)of lignin nanoparticles modified with diethylenetriamine(DETA)was 112.8℃ and Tg of lignin nano-particles modified with ethylenediamine(EDA)was 102.5℃,which is lower than the Tg of un-modified lignin(114.6℃)and lignin modified with DETA(126.8℃)and lignin modified with EDA(131.3℃).The coatings modified with lignin nano-particles had a greater change in *** lignin nano-particles in the modified coating are trapping hydroxyl radicals which reduces photoactivity and yellowing of the polyurethane by about 3 times compared to unmodified polyurethane *** weathering test,the nano-lignin-based coating had a rougher surface with a lower contact angle(0.78°)compared to the unmodified polyurethane coating(0.85°).

关键词： Amination propylene carbonate lignin biopolymer polyurethane coating polyol UN SDG 13

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The effect of urea pretreatment on the formaldehyde emission and properties of straw particleboard

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Journal of Forestry Research 2012年第3期23卷 497-502页

作者： Hojat Hematabadi rabi behrooz Department of Wood and Paper Science and Technology College of Natural ResourcesTarbiat Modares UniversityP.O.Box 46414-356NoorIran

For manufacturing low-formaldehyde emission particleboard from wheat straw and urea-formaldehyde （UF） resins using urea treatment for indoor environments, we investigated the influence of urea treatment on the formaldehyde emission, physical and mechanical properties of the manufactured particleboard. Wheat straws were treated at three levels of urea concentration （5%, 10%, 15%） and 95℃ as holding temperature. Wheat straw particleboards were manufactured using hot press at 180℃ and 3 MPa with two types of UF adhesive （UF-45, UF-91）. Then the formaldehyde emission values, physical properties and mechanical properties were considered. The results show that the for- maldehyde emission value was decreased by increasing urea concentration. Furthermore, the results indicate that the specimens under urea treatment have better mechanical and physical properties compared with control specimens. Also specimens under urea treatment at 10% concentration and UF-91 type adhesive have the most optimum physical and mechanical strength.

关键词： formaldehyde emission physical and mechanical properties wheat straw particleboard Urea formaldehyde resin

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Effect of Amine Type on Lignin Modification to Evaluate Its Reactivity in Polyol Construction for Non-Isocyanate Polyurethanes(NIPU)

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2023年第5期11卷 2171-2190页

作者： Saeed Kazemi Najafi Farhood Najafi Antonio Pizzi Fatemeh Hassani Khorshidi rabi behrooz Department of Wood Science and Technology Faculty of Natural ResourcesTarbiat Modares UniversityTehranIran Department of Resin and Additives Institute for Color Science and TechnologyTehranIran LERMAB University of LorraineBlvd des AiguillettesNancyFrance

Polyols are groups of organic compounds which contain carbon and are randomly linked to other atoms,especially carbon-carbon and *** compounds are mainly used as reactants to make other *** biopolymers,lignin is regarded as the base of a new polymer in polyol *** present study aimed to investigate the effects of amine type(diethylenetriamine and ethylenediamine)on the modification of lignin-based polyols,so as to provide an alternative to petroleum polyols and,in turn,increase functional groups and reduce their harm to humans’health and the *** this aim,first,lignin was extracted from raw ***,the extracted lignin was reacted with diethylenetriamine(DETA)and ethylenediamine(EDA).Finally,the Mannich method was used for the reaction between amine lignin and propylene *** results of the Fourier Transform Infrared(FTIR)spectroscopy analysis showed that modification with DETA led to more structural change in lignin and peak 1100 indicates the presence of C–O bond related to urethane bonds in modified ***,adding propylene carbonate to aminated lignin did not result in much change in the results of the FTIR ***,urethane bonds can be seen in the results of GPC at 400℃–500℃.Furthermore,a slight decrease in thermal stability was observed in lignin modified with amine and propylene carbonate,compared to the raw lignin sample.

关键词： Polyol lignin diethylenetriamine ethylenediamine propylene carbonate polyurethanes NIPU

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Strong Vitality

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Beijing Review 2024年第15期67卷 24-25页

作者： rabi Sankar Bosu China Focus website

Therhetoric of"China'scollapse"rises every once in a while in the West,when politicians and media outlets try to discredit China on multiple *** distorted picture painted in their"cognitive war"against China only serv... 详细信息

关键词： China. outlet Strong

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Phytochemical Composition and Insecticidal Property of Native Plants against the Cowpea Weevil Callosobruchus maculatus Fab. (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) for Natural Preservation of Cowpea Seeds

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Advances in Entomology 2024年第1期12卷 56-66页

作者： Elias Mano rabièta Simde Koï Wenceslas Kam Nadjatou Ouédraogo Désiré Dramane Abdoul Khader Sanou Rasmané Abdou Ouédraogo Boubakar Ouattara Pierre Alexandre Eric Djifaby Sombié Souleymane Nacro Laboratory of Natural Substances and Technologies of Natural Products and the Environment (LABTECH-PRONE) Institute of Research in Applied Sciences and Technologies (IRSAT) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Central Horticulture Laboratory of the Regional Center of Excellence in Fruits and Vegetables of Bobo-Dioulasso Institute of Environment and Agricultural Research (INERA) Bobo Dioulasso Burkina Faso Department of Animal Biology and Physiology University Joseph Ki-Zerbo Ouagadougou Burkina Faso National Agricultural Training School of Matourkou (ENAFA) Bobo Dioulasso Burkina Faso Institute of Rural Development (IDR) Nazi Boni University Bobo Dioulasso Burkina Faso

About 80% of cowpea seeds are lost along with 30% of their weight after six months of unprotected storage due to attacks by Callosobruchus maculatus. This study aimed at evaluating the effect of applying bioinsecticides on the biological parameters of C. maculatus to reduce its damage to cowpea stocks. Four treatments including an untreated control and three doses of powdery extracts of C. nigricans, Z. zanthoxyloides and H. suaveolens, were compared in a Fischer block with four completely randomized repetitions. One hundred undamaged cowpea seeds were mixed with doses of each extract in Petri dishes and then fed as food substrates to ten pairs of C. maculatus for eight days. The extracts of H. suaveolens, C. nigricans and Z. zanthoxyloides all contain active ingredients including polyphenols, flavonoids, anthocyanins and alkaloids, etc. The extract of Z. zanthoxyloides was found to be more active on adults (100.00% mortality) followed by C. nigricans (98.75% mortality) and H. suaveolens (97.50% mortality) at 80 mg/g. Fecundity per female decreased significantly in the treated batches of 13.82 eggs for H. suaveolens at 10.12 eggs for C. nigricans at a dose of 80 mg/g. Germination rate of seeds was statistically raised to 100% at 60 and 80 mg/g by C. nigricans powder and lowered to 83.00% at 20 mg/g by Z. zanthoxyloides extracts. The application of Z. zanthoxyloides extract would be a less expensive alternative for the sustainable management of C. maculatus in cowpea stocks.

关键词： Cassia nigricans Hyptis suaveolens Zanthoxylum zanthoxyloides Biological Activities Vigna unguiculata Pest Burkina Faso

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Mercury emissions and partitioning from Indian coal-fired power plants

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2021年第2期33卷 28-33页

作者： Hridesh Agarwalla rabi Narayan Senapati Tarit Baran Das Coal Minerals&Heauy Metal Research Group CSIR-Central Institute of Mining and Furl ResearchDhcmbad-82810India

In India coal combustion is the single largest source of emission of mercury which is a widespread persistent global toxicant,travelling across international borders through air and *** a party to the Minamata convention,India aims to monitor and reduce Hg emissions and stricter norms are introduced for mercury emissions from power plants(30μg/Nm 3 for flue gas in stack).This paper presents the results obtained during the experimental studies performed on mercury emissions at four coal-fired and one lignite-fired power plants in *** mercury concentration in the feed coal varied between 0.12-0.27 mg/*** the mercury mass balance,significant proportion of feed coal mercury has been found to be associated with fly ash,whereas bottom ash contained very low mercury.80%-90%of mercury was released to air through stack ***,for circulating fluidised bed boiler burning lignite,about 64.8%of feed mercury was found to get captured in the fly ash and only 32.4%was released to *** mercury emission factor was found to lie in the range of 4.7-15.7 mg/GJ.

关键词： Coal combustion Emission Mercury Flue gas Thermal power plant

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Multiplex Rapid Test with Acceptable Diagnosis Performance as a Solution to Increase Diagnosis of Hepatitis B and C Viruses in Pregnant Women in an Area of High Prevalence of Both Hepatitis Viruses Associated with HIV

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Open Journal of Medical Microbiology 2024年第1期14卷 50-65页

作者： Catherine Boni-Cisse Nina Esther Onstira Ngoyi Hermione Dahlia Mossoro-Kpinde Noella Packo rabi Senekian Hermann Ndoidet Koutou Coretha Bokia-Baguida Christelle Luce Bobossi-Gadia Arthur Simplice Sombot-Ndicky Daniel Yvon Gonessa Freddy Samuel Ngbonga Konzapa Voulou Christian Diamant Mossoro-Kpinde Alassane OUATTARA National Center of Medical Oncology and Radiotherapy Abidjan Ivory Cost Department of Microbiology UFR of Medical Sciences University of Cocody Abidjan Ivory Cost Laboratory of Bacteriology-Virology of Teaching Hospital Center of Brazzaville Brazzaville Republic of Congo Faculty of Health Sciences Marien NGOUABI University Brazzaville Republic of Congo Department of Labor Medicine Service of HIV and STDs Control in the Workplace Bangui Central African Republic (CAR) Faculty of Health Sciences University of Bangui Bangui Central African Republic National Reference Center of Sexually Transmitted Diseases and Antiretroviral Therapy Bangui Central African Republic National Laboratory of Clinical Biology and Public Health Bangui Central African Republic Medicine Department District Hospital of Alindao Alindao Ouaka Prefecture Central African Republic Doctoral School of Sciences and Technology University of Bangui Bangui Central African Republic Coordination of Specialized Study of Clinical Biology University of Bangui Bangui Central African Republic Doctors without Borders Hospital Sica BanguiCRA Laboratory of Medical Analysis of Teaching Hospital Center Mother Elisabeth DOMITIEN of Bimbo Bimbo Central African Republic

Background and Objective: HIV, hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) are very widespread in the world, however, less than 20% of the people affected are diagnosed and treated. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of HIV, HCV and HBV co-infections in pregnant women at Bangui Community University Hospital and the cost of screening. Methods: A cross-sectional study involving consenting pregnant women who came for antenatal care was performed. HIV, HCV antibodies and HBV antigens were detected using Exacto Triplex? HIV/HCV/HBsAg rapid test, cross-validated by ELISA tests. Sociodemographic and professional data, the modes of transmission and prevention of HIV and both hepatitis viruses were collected in a standard sheet and analyzed using the Epi-Info software version 7. Results: Pregnant women aged 15 to 24 were the most affected (45.3%);high school girls (46.0%), and pregnant women living in cohabitation (65.3%) were the most represented. Twenty-five (16.7%) worked in the formal sector, 12.7% were unemployed housewives and the remainder in the informal sector. The prevalence of HIV, HBV, and HCV viruses was 11.8%, 21.9% and 22.2%, respectively. The prevalence of co-infections was 8.6% for HIV-HBV, 10.2% for HIV-HCV, 14.7% for HBV-HCV and 6.5% for HIV-HBV-HCV. All positive results and 10% of negative results by the rapid test were confirmed by ELISA tests. The serology of the three viruses costs 39,000 FCFA (60 Euros) by ELISA compared to 10,000 FCFA (15.00 Euros) with Exacto Triplex? HIV/HCV/AgHBs (BioSynex, Strasbourg, France). Conclusion: The low level of education and awareness of hepatitis are barriers to development and indicate the importance of improving the literacy rate of women in the Central African Republic (CAR). Likewise, the high prevalence of the three viruses shows the need for the urgent establishment of a national program to combat viral hepatitis in the CAR.

关键词： HIV-HCV-HBV Co-Infection Multiplex Immunochromatographic Rapid Test Central Africa Serology Test Cost Diagnostic Accessibility

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Analysis of vibration signal responses on pre induced tunnel defects in friction stir welding using wavelet transform and empirical mode decomposition

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2019年第6期15卷 885-896页

作者： J.rabi T.Balusamy R.Raj Jawahar Vinayaka Mission’s Kirupananda Variyar Engineering College SalemIndia Department of Mechanical Engineering Government College of EngineeringSalemIndia Department of Mechanical Engineering Dynamech Design SolutionsChennaiIndia

Among many condition-monitoring systems in welding operation,Defect identification is an important method to ensure the precision in finishing *** stir welding is a solid state welding process used to join two metals without the use of electrode at lower *** aim of this present work is to identify and localize the tunnel defect in aluminum alloy and measure the distance of the defect zone in the time domain of the vibration signal during Friction stir *** vibration signals are captured from the experiments and the burst in the vibration signal is focused in the analysis.A signal-processing scheme is proposed to filter the noise and to measure the dimensional parameters of the defect *** proposed technique consists of discrete wavelet transform(DWT),which is used to decompose the *** enveloping technique is applied on the decomposed zero padded *** continuous wavelet transform(CWT) has been implemented on detailed signal followed by a time marginal integration(TMI) of the CWT *** mode decomposition(EMD) is used to replace the detailing coefficients from DWT with Intrinsic Mode Function(IMF).Statistical parameters such as mean,kurtosis,S.D and crest factor have been extracted from the final filtered signal for validating the defect welds from the control defect free *** produced were found to be that kurtosis is 7.4402 for tunnel defect induced weld and 3.3862 for defect free *** the increase in kurtosis value predicts the defect zone impact in the *** measurement of the defect zone of the cut 1(voids) and cut 2(tunnel grooves) in correlation with the processed signal is found to produce a much redundant results with an error rate of 0.02.

关键词： welding friction alloy

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Inversion of radiative transfer model for retrieval of wheat biophysical parameters from broadband reflectance measurements

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Information Processing in Agriculture 2016年第2期3卷 107-118页

作者： Vinay Kumar Sehgal Debasish Chakraborty rabi Narayan Sahoo Division of Agricultural Physics Indian Agricultural Research InstituteNew Delhi 110012India

This study describes the retrieval of wheat biophysical variables of leaf chlorophyll(Cab),leaf area index(LAI),canopy chlorophyll(CCC),and leaf wetness(Cw)from broadband reflectance data corresponding to IRS LISS-3(Linear Imaging Self Scanner)sensor by inversion of PROSAIL5B canopy radiative transfer *** data of wheat crop,grown under different treatments,were measured by hand-held spectroradiometer and later integrated to LISS-3 reflectance using its band-wise relative spectral response *** inversion techniques were used and their performance was compared using different statistical parameters and target *** inversion techniques tried were:a look up table with best solution(LUT-I),a look up table with mean of best 10%solutions(LUT-II)and an artificial neural network(ANN).All the techniques could estimate the biophysical variables by capturing variability in their observed values,though accuracy of estimation varied among the three *** diagram clearly depicted the superiority of LUT-II over the other two approaches indicating that a mean of best 10%solutions is a better strategy while ANN was worst performer showing highest bias for all the *** all the three inversion techniques,the general order of retrieval accuracy was LAI>Cab>CCC>*** range of Cw was very narrow and none of the techniques could estimate variations in *** most of the cases,the parameters were underestimated by model *** best identified LUT-II technique was then applied to retrieve wheat LAI from IRS LISS-3 satellite image of 5-Feb-2012 in Sheopur *** comparison with ground observations showed that the RMSE of LAI retrieval was about 0.56,similar to that observed in ground *** findings of this study may help in refining the protocol for generating operational crop biophysical products from IRS LISS-3 or similar sensors.

关键词： PROSAIL Look up table Neural network Leaf area index Chlorophyll content Target diagram IRS LISS-3

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Textural and geochemical characteristics of off shore sediment of North Bay of Bengal:A statistical approach for marine metal pollution

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2015年第3期30卷 208-222页

作者： Sanghamitra Palleyi Sabnam Banoo rabi Narayan Kar Chitta Ranjan Panda Environment & Sustainability Department CSIR-Institute of Minerals and Materials Technology

Metal pollution study on sediments of North Bay of Bengal sediments presented in this paper is based on existing Lithostratigraphy of upstream,mineralogy and geochemical analysis of 42 sediment *** statistical analysis identifies the metal pollution as well as its apparent source in the off shore *** were analyzed for grain size,organic content and heavy metals(Fe,Mn,Cr,Cu,Ni,Pb,Cd,Zn and Co) using the sequential extraction method to evaluate geochemical processes and pollution *** an effort to surmise anthropogenic input,several approaches including classification by quantitative indexes such as enrichment factor,contamination factor,degree of pollution,pollution load index and geo accumulation index,were *** speciation results indicate high%of Cd in exchangeable fraction of Mahanadi transect sediments where as a considerable amount of oxidizable fraction of Cr was detected at *** indexes place North Bay of Bengal under moderately polluted zone due to high level of *** of metals to Fe indicated relatively high enrichment factors for Cd and *** analysis identified seven possible types of geochemical associations where sediment pH plays a major role for the heavy metal *** higher Cd concentration in exchangeable fraction as well as the higher EF for Cd and Cr present in sediment may pose a risk of secondary water pollution under slightest disturbance in the geo-chemistry of *** study with available data of near costal zones and upstream stratigraphy revealed that open cast mining,overburden dumping,mineral based industrial effluents were the major source of pollution for catchment area *** of Bengal is likely to face a serious threat of metal pollution with the present deposition rates unless rigorous pollution control norms are applied.

关键词： North Bay of Bengal Heavy metals Sequential extraction Quantitative index Factor analysis

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