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Natural Resources 2014年第7期5卷 299-307页

作者： Ogbonna Chris Nkuzinna Matthew Chukwudi Menkiti Okechukwu Dominic Onukwuli Gordian Onyebuchukwu Mbah Bernard Ibezim Okolo Melford Chuka Egbujor rabboni mike government Department of Chemical Engineering Enugu State University of Science and Technology Enugu Nigeria Department of Chemical Engineering Michael Okpara University of Agriculture Umudike Nigeria Department of Chemical Engineering Nnamdi Azikiwe University Awka Nigeria Department of Industrial Chemistry Renaissance University Ugbawka Nigeria

The inhibition of copper corrosion by acid extract of Gnetum africana was studied using weight loss method of monitoring corrosion rate. The inhibition of Gnetum africana on copper corrosion was optimized by application of 23 factorial design. While the interactive effects of temperature, inhibition concentration and reaction time were investigated, the input factors and output response were also optimized. Optimum conditions for inhibition of Gnetum africana on copper corrosion were recorded at temperature of 303 K, reaction time of 24 h and inhibition concentration of 0.003 g/L. It could be concluded that factorial design was adequately applicable in the optimization of process variables and that Gnetuma africana sufficiently inhibited the corrosion of copper at the conditions of the experiment.

关键词： Corrosion Inhibition Gnetum africana Copper Optimization

Planetary Homeostasis of Reactive Nitrogen Through Anaerobic Ammonium Oxidation

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Engineering 2024年第7期38卷 175-183页

作者： Guibing Zhu Bangrui Lan Shuci Liu Cameron M.Callbeck Shanyun Wang Liping Jiang Asheesh Kumar Yadav Jan Vymazal mike S.M.Jetten Ganlin Zhang Yongguan Zhu Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China Department of Environment and Science Queensland GovernmentBrisbaneQLD 4102Australia Department of Environmental Sciences University of BaselBasel 4056Switzerland CSIR-Institute of Minerals and Materials Technology Bhubaneswar 751013India Faculty of Environmental Sciences Czech University of Life Sciences PraguePraha 16521Czech Republic Department of Microbiology Radboud UniversityNijmegen 6525 XZThe Netherlands Key Laboratory of Watershed Geographic Sciences Nanjing Institute of Geography and LimnologyChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

The availability of nitrogen(N)is crucial for both the productivity of terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems ***,the overuse of artificial fertilizers and the energy required to fix nitrogen have pushed the global nitrogen cycle(N-cycle)past its safe operating limits,leading to severe nitrogen pollution and the production of significant amounts of greenhouse gas nitrous oxide(N2O).The anaerobic ammonium oxidation(anammox)mechanism can counteract the release of ammonium and N2O in many oxygenlimited situations,assisting in the restoration of the homeostasis of the Earth’s N *** this work,we looked into the characteristics of the anammox hotspots’distribution across various types of ecosystems *** hotspots are present at diverse oxic-anoxic interfaces in terrestrial systems,and they are most prevalent at the oxic-anoxic transition zone in aquatic *** on the discovery of an anammox hotspot capable of oxidizing ammonium anoxically into N2 without N2O by-product,we then designed an innovative concept and technical routes of nature-based anammox hotspot geoengineering for climate change,biodiversity loss,and efficient utilization of water *** 15 years of actual use,anammox hotspot geoengineering has proven to be effective in ensuring clean drinking water,regulating the climate,fostering plant and animal diversity,and enhancing longterm environmental *** sustainable biogeoengineering of anammox could be a workable natural remedy to resolve the conflicts between environmental pollution and food security connected to N management.

关键词： Biogeochemical N-cycle Oxic-anoxic interface Nature-based solution Biogeoengineering Nitrogen sustainable development

Apples, oranges and lemons: public sector debt statistics in the 21st century

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Financial Innovation 2020年第1期6卷 611-627页

作者： mike Seiferling School of Public Policy University College LondonLondonUK

In both academic research and policymaking,public sector debt and debt-to-GDP ratios are relied on for a multitude of important economic,political and socioeconomic decisions,especially as public sector balance sheets expand to an unprecedented size in the midst of the 2019–2020 COVID *** reliance on available data from reputable sources often overlooks the question of whether the denominator in this ratio is accurately measured or how well the denominator is understood by the audience interpreting *** on past work in international financial statistics,and making use of a unique and newly created dataset on media reporting of public sector debt,the purpose of this article is to examine the quality,accuracy,interpretation and overall meaningfulness of public sector financial *** main findings suggest that i)most of the world’s governments still do not seem to feel sufficient pressure to voluntarily provide comprehensive financial statistics based on well-defined modern methodological frameworks and ii)high profile financial statistics,which are reported,have become increasingly numerous and complicated,making it difficult for non-experts to know which is most appropriate in the context of their analysis.

关键词： Public finance statistics Economic measurement Public debt government debt Politics of statistics

Difficulty of falling asleep and non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level among Canadian older adults:a cross-sectional analysis of the Canadian Longitudinal Study for Aging baseline data

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2021年第8期18卷 597-608页

作者： Jian LIU Surim Son mike Giancaterino Miya Narushima Department of Health Sciences Brock UniversitySt.CatharinesOntarioCanada

OBJECTIVE To examine whether difficulty of falling asleep(DoFA)is associated with non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(non-HDL-C)level among Canadian older *** 26,954 individuals aged 45-85 years from the baseline data of the Canadian Longitudinal Study for Aging were in-cluded in this *** was categorized into five groups by answer to the question“Over the last month,how often did it take you more than 30 min to fall asleep?”Response options are“Never,<1 time/week,1−2 times/week,3−5 times/week,or 6−7 times/week”.Non-HDL-C,the difference of total cholesterol and HDL-C,were categorized into five categories based on these cut-offs(<2.6 mmol/L,2.6−3.7 mmol/L,3.7−4.8 mmol/L,4.8−5.7 mmol/L,and≥5.7 mmol/L).Ordinal logistic regression(logit link)continuation ratio models were used to estimate the odds of higher non-HDL-C levels for DoFA *** means of non-HDL-C by DoFA status were estimated by general linear *** analyses were sex separately using analytic weights to en-sure *** The proportions of DoFA in five categories were 41.6%,25.7%,13.6%,9.4%,9.7%for females and 52.9%,24.9%,10.5%,6.1%,5.6%for males,*** adjustment of demographical and other covariates(such as depression,comorbidity,sleeping hour,etc.)compared to those who reported never having DoFA,the ORs(95%CIs)of higher levels of non-HDL-C for those whose DoFA status in<1 time/week,1−2 times/week,3−5 times/week,and 6−7 times/week were 1.12(1.05−1.21),1.09(0.99−1.18),1.20(1.09−1.33),1.29(1.17−1.43)in females and 1.05(0.98−1.13),0.95(0.87−1.05),1.21(1.08−1.37),0.97(0.85−1.09)in males,*** adjusted means of non-HDL-C among the five DoFA status were 3.68 mmol/L,3.73 mmol/L,3.74 mmol/L,3.82 mmol/L,3.84 mmol/L for females and 3.54 mmol/L,3.58 mmol/L,3.51 mmol/L,3.69 mmol/L,3.54 mmol/L for males,*** The results of this study have identified a risk association pattern between DoFA status and non-HDL-C levels in females

关键词： cholesterol sectional Canadian

Electrospun Nanofibers-Based Face Masks

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Advanced Fiber Materials 2020年第3期2卷 161-166页

作者： mike Tebyetekerwa Zhen Xu Shengyuan Yang Seeram Ramakrishna Research School of Electrical Energy and Materials EngineeringCollege of Engineering and Computer ScienceThe Australian National UniversityCanberraACT 2601Australia Department of Chemical Engineering Imperial College LondonLondon SW72AZUK State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials Shanghai“Belt&Road”International Joint Laboratory for Advanced Fiber and Low‑Dimension MaterialsCollege of Materials Science and EngineeringDonghua UniversityShanghai 201620People’s Republic of China Centre for Nanofibers and Nanotechnology National University of SingaporeSingapore 117581Singapore

Textiles have proved to be very important materials to human beings since the time ***,fibers are the basic building units of these *** this perspective we substantiate the uniqueness and capability of nanofibers as active layers in face masks,to protect people against the novel coronavirus disease(COVID-19).This time-sensitive letter introduces the mechanisms based on which their active filters function,the uniqueness of electrospun nanofibers in face masks and do-it-yourself(DIY)steps to realize a fully functional face mask at home.

关键词： Electrospinning Nanofibers Face masks COVID-19 Textiles

China＇s Sponge City construction： A discussion on technical approaches

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2017年第4期11卷 39-49页

作者： Haifeng Jia Zheng Wang Xiaoyue Zhen mike Clar Shaw L. Yu School of Environment Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China Beijing Orient Tetra Tech Ecological Technology Ltd. Beijing 100051 China Tetra Tech Fairfax VA 22030 USA Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering University of Virginia Charlottesville VA 22904 USA

Since 2014, China has been implementing the Sponge City Construction initiative, which represents an enormous and unprecedented effort by any government in the world for achieving urban sustainability. According to preliminary estimates, the total investment on the Sponge City Plan is roughly 100 to 150 million Yuan （RMB）（$15 to $22.5 million） average per square kilometer or 10 Trillion Yuan （RMB）（$1.5 Trillion） for the 657 cities nationwide. The Sponge City Plan （SCP） calls for the use of natural processes such as soil and vegetation as part of the urban runoff control strategy, which is similar to that of low impact development （LID） and green infrastructure （G1） practices being promoted in many parts of the world. The SCP includes as its goals not only effective urban flood control, but also rainwater harvest, water quality improvement and ecological restoration. So far, the SCP implementation has encountered-some barriers and challenges due to many factors. The present paper presents a review of those barriers and challenges, oftizrs discussions and recommendations on several technical aspects such as control goals and objectives; planning/design and construction of LID/GI practices; performance evaluation. Several key recommendations are proposed on Sponge City implementation strategy, Site-specific regulatory fi＇amework and technical gmdance, Product innovation and certification, LID/GI Project financing, LID/G1 profcssional training and certification, public outreach and education. It is expected that the successful implemen!atiun of the. SCP not only will bring about a sustainable, eco-friendly urbanization process in China, but also contribute enormously to the LID/Gl research and development with the vast amount of relevant data and experiences generated from the Sponge City construction projects.

关键词： Low impact development Green infrastructure (GI) Sponge City Barriers Construction strategies

Fermion dynamical symmetry and strongly-correlated electrons:A comprehensive model of high-temperature superconductivity

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Frontiers of physics 2020年第4期15卷 35-99页

作者： mike Guidry Yang Sun Lian-Ao Wu Cheng-Li Wu Department of Physics and Astronomy Universilty of TenesseeKnorilleTN 37996USA School of Physics and Astronomy Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China IKERBASQUE Basque Foundation for Science48011 BilbaoSpainand Department of Theoretical Physics and History of ScienceBasque Country University(EHU/UPV)Post Office Bor 64448080 BilbaoSpain Department of Physics Chung-Yuan Christian UniversityChungliTaiwan 320China

We review application of the SU(4)model of strongly-correlated electrons to cuprate and iron-based superconductors.A minimal self-consistent generalization of BCS theory to incorporate antiferromag-netism on an equal footing with pairing and strong Coulomb repulsion is found to account system-atically for the major features of high-temperature superconductivity,with microscopic details of the parent compounds entering only *** provides a systematic procedure to separate es-sential from peripheral,suggesting that many features exhibited by the high-Te data set are of interest in their own right but are not central to the superconducting *** generally,we propose that the surprisingly broad range of conventional and unconventional superconducting and superfluid behavior observed across many fields of physics results from the systemnatic appearance of similar al-gebraic structures for the emergent ffoctive Harmiltonians,even though the microscopic Harmiltonians of the corresponding parent states may differ radically from each other.

关键词： strongly-correlated electrons SU(4)model fermian dynamical symmetry high-temperature superconductivity

Assessment of benefits and risks of growing Jatropha(Jatropha curcas) as a biofuel crop in sub-Saharan Africa: a contribution to agronomic and socio-economic policies

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Journal of Forestry Research 2018年第1期29卷 1-12页

作者： Keotshephile Kashe Donald L.Kgathi mike Murray-Hudson Kelebogile B.Mfundisi Okavango Research Institute University of Botswana

In sub-Saharan Africa（SSA）, the main goals behind the development of a biofuel industry are employment creation and income generation. Jatropha（Jatropha curcas L.） has emerged as a candidate for biodiesel production. It is a non-edible oil producing, drought-resistant plant that can be grown on marginal land with limited water and low soil fertility. However, these are also attributes that typify weedy and invasive plant species. Adding to these concerns are the general questioning of whether biofuel production will reduce Greenhouse gas（GHG）emissions globally. Currently, there is limited information on the potential invasiveness of many biofuel crops, and in particular, the potential risks of cultivating Jatropha. This paper aims to assess the benefits and risks, especially risks,of growing Jatropha for biodiesel production. Jatropha should be screened through a science-based risk-assessment procedure to predict the risk of becoming invasive before it is released for large-scale commercial *** net GHG savings can be achieved through the cultivation of Jatropha, considering two main factors： no landuse change and crop management without chemical fertilization.

关键词： Biofuel Invasive Jatropha Risk

Seroprevalence and Associated Risk Factors of Hepatitis B and C among Inmates of Port Harcourt Maximum Security Custodial Centre

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Advances in Infectious Diseases 2023年第2期13卷 159-182页

作者： Barynem Vito-Peter Gift Mibilanyeofori Hart Aisha Dio Victory Chidinma Nwogu Nancy Obutor Ideozu Ozioma Chiagoziem Okoro Okadini Collins Albert Abigail Chisa mike-Ogburia Priscilla Adonike Ogbakiri Chiziyara Orluibna Obunwo Moore Ikechi mike-Ogburia Department of Medical Laboratory Science Rivers State University Port Harcourt Nigeria Department of Medical Laboratory Science University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital Port Harcourt Nigeria Port Harcourt Maximum Security Custodial Centre Rivers State Command Port Harcourt Nigeria Department of Basic and Applied Biological Sciences Ahmadu Bello University Zaria Nigeria Kariden Specialist Hospital Port Harcourt Nigeria Department of Health Services Rivers State University Port Harcourt Nigeria

Hepatitis B (HBV) and Hepatitis C (HCV) are significant global public health burdens associated with liver cirrhosis, liver cancer and are responsible for over a million deaths yearly. Prisons and other confined facilities offer opportunities for the acquisition and transmission of infectious diseases such as hepatitis B and C during and after imprisonment. This study aimed to investigate the seroprevalence of Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C as well as their associated risk factors among inmates in the Port Harcourt Maximum Security Custodial Centre. A cross-sectional study was conducted among inmates incarcerated in the Port Harcourt Maximum Security Custodial Centre from July to December 2022, and 200 consenting subjects completed a structured questionnaire in addition to screening for the presence of HBsAg and anti-HCV antibodies. Data generated from this study was represented as frequency and percentages, and inferential statistics were carried out using chi-square with the aid of GraphPad Prism Software Version 9. Statistical significance was defined as a p-value of less than 0.05 at a 95% confidence interval. The seroprevalence of HBV was 4% while 3.5% was recorded for HCV with no cases of co-infections reported. HBV seroprevalence was significantly associated with blood oath and a history of surgery (p p government by employing combative measures such as regular screening, easy access to therapy, awareness, and vaccination programs for HBV are crucial to prevent the transmission of these diseases.

关键词： Hepatitis B Hepatitis C HBV HbsAg HCV Prevalence Risk Factors Prison Inmates

Making the World More Sustainable: Enabling Localized Energy Generation and Distribution on Decentralized Smart Grid Systems

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World Journal of Engineering and Technology 2018年第2期6卷 350-382页

作者： Harrison John Bhatti mike Danilovic School of Business Engineering and Science Halmstad University Halmstad Sweden

Smart grid is an idea of upgradation of the traditional electric grid infrastructure. The efficiency of the existing electrical grid can be automated by integrating with innovative technical equipment such as:?high-tech forecasting system, digital sensors, advanced two-way communication and two-way power flow systems. Smart grid establishes an interface between utility and consumer which helps to use energy, based on the preferences of price, eco-friendly and without technical system issues. It empowers the grid to be more secure, reliable and efficient. The peer-reviewed articles and published government reports have been reviewed, based on the analysis of technical characteristics of power generation systems, eco-friendly sources of power generations, cost reduction, functionality and design of traditional grid versus smart grid. Furthermore, the innovative technologies that enable the grid to integrate with decentralized power generation system efficiently have been considered. This paper claims that in this modern era, it is arduous for traditional grid to fulfill the rising demand of electricity, along with sustainable, eco-friendly and stable power supply, as it cannot be efficiently integrated with decentralized and localized power generation systems and renewable energy sources. The result of this paper shows that decentralized and localized power generation systems are located close to end-users which decrease the transmission and supply cost of electricity. Innovative technologies allow the decentralized and localized power generation systems to be integrated with renewable energy sources which help to reduce the cost of utility services and provide clean energy. Moreover, technological advancement played a decisive role in enabling the electrical system to be more efficient. Electrical reliability can be improved,?greenhouse gas emissions can be reduced, renewable energy sources can efficiently be integrated,?and?rising demand for electricity can be met b

关键词： Smart Grid Traditional Grid Centralized Power Generation Decentralized Power Generation Innovative Technologies