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Detection of Omicron Caused Pneumonia from Radiology Images Using Convolution Neural Network(CNN)

Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第2期74卷 3743-3761页

作者： Arfat Ahmad Khan Malik Muhammad Ali Shahid rab nawaz bashir Salman Iqbal Arshad Shehzad Ahmad Shahid Javeria Maqbool Chitapong Wechtaisong College of Computing Khon Kaen UniverityKhon Kaen40000Thailand Department of Computer Science COMSATS University IslamabadVehari61100Pakistan Department of Petroleum&Gas Engineering University of Engineering&Technology54890Pakistan Electrical Engineering Department SBASSELahore University of Management SciencesLahore54890Pakistan School of Telecommunication Engineering Suranaree University of TechnologyNakhon Ratchasima30000Thailand

COVID-19 disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus has created social and economic disruption across *** ability of the COVID-19 virus to quickly mutate and transfer has created serious concerns across the *** is essential to detectCOVID-19 infection caused by different variants to take preventive measures *** existing method of detection of infections caused by COVID-19 and its variants is costly and *** impacts of theCOVID-19 pandemic in developing countries are very drastic due to the unavailability of medical facilities and infrastructure to handle the *** is the major symptom of COVID-19 *** radiology of the lungs in varies in the case of bacterial pneumonia as compared to COVID-19-caused *** pattern of pneumonia in lungs in radiology images can also be used to identify the cause associated with *** this paper,we propose the methodology of identifying the cause(either due to COVID-19 or other types of infections)of pneumonia from radiology ***,because different variants of COVID-19 lead to different patterns of pneumonia,the proposed methodology identifies pneumonia,the COVID-19 caused pneumonia,and Omicron caused pneumonia from the radiology *** fulfill the above-mentioned tasks,we have used three Convolution Neural Networks(CNNs)at each stage of the proposed *** results unveil that the proposed step-by-step solution enhances the accuracy of pneumonia detection along with finding its cause,despite having a limited dataset.

关键词： COVID-19 pneumonia radiology images omicron convolution neural network(CNN) microscopy

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Leaching Fraction (LF) of Irrigation Water for Saline Soils Using Machine Learning

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Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing 2023年第5期36卷 1915-1930页

作者： rab nawaz bashir Imran Sarwar Bajwa Muhammad Waseem Iqbal Muhammad Usman Ashraf Ahmed Mohammed Alghamdi Adel ABahaddad Khalid Ali Almarhabi Department of Computer Science COMSATS University IslamabadVehari CampusPakistan Department of Computer Science and IT Islamia University BahawalpurPakistan Department of Software Engineering Superior University Lahore54000Pakistan Department of Computer Science GC Women UniversitySialkot53310Pakistan Department of Software Engineering College of Computer Science and EngineeringUniversity of Jeddah21493Saudi Arabia Department of Information System Faculty of Computing and Information TechnologyKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah21589Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science College of Computing in Al-QunfudahUmm Al-Qura UniversityMakkah24381Saudi Arabia

Soil salinity is a serious land degradation issue in *** is a major threat to agriculture *** irrigation water is applied to leach down the salts from the root zone of the plants in the form of a Leaching fraction(LF)of irrigation *** the leaching process to be effective,the LF of irriga-tion water needs to be adjusted according to the environmental conditions and soil salinity level in the form of Evapotranspiration(ET)*** relationship between environmental conditions and ET rate is hard to be deﬁned by a linear relationship and data-driven Machine learning(ML)based decisions are required to determine the calibrated Evapotranspiration(ETc)***-assisted ETc is pro-posed to adjust the LF according to the ETc and soil salinity level.A regression model is proposed to determine the ETc rate according to the prevailing tempera-ture,humidity,and sunshine,which would be used to determine the smart LF according to the ETc and soil salinity *** proposed model is trained and tested against the Blaney Criddle method of Reference evapotranspiration(ETo)*** validation of the model from the test dataset reveals the accu-racy of the ML model in terms of Root mean squared errors(RMSE)are 0.41,Mean absolute errors(MAE)are 0.34,and Mean squared errors(MSE)are 0.28 mm *** applications of the proposed solution in a real-time environ-ment show that the LF by the proposed solution is more effective in reducing the soil salinity as compared to the traditional process of leaching.

关键词： Leaching fraction saline soil evapotranspiration machine learning calibrated evapotranspiration artiﬁcial intelligence blaney criddle method

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Measuring Reliability of A Web Portal Based on Testing Profile

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第3期74卷 6641-6663页

作者： Malik Muhammad Ali Shahid Shahida Sulaiman Mohammed Al-Sarem Aqeel Ur Rahman Salman Iqbal rab nawaz bashir Arfat Ahmad Khan Momen M.Alrawi Rashiq R.Marie Settawit Poochaya COMSATS University Islamabad Vehari Vehari61100Pakistan Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Johor Bahru81310Malaysia College of Computer Science and Engineering Taibah UniversityMedina41477Saudi Arabia Information System Department Sheba Region UniversityMarib14400Yemen Suranaree University of Technology Nakhon Ratchasima30000Thailand Khon Kaen University Khon Kaen40000Thailand Umm Al-Qura University Mecca24382Saudi Arabia Taibah University Medina42353Saudi Arabia

Conventionally,the reliability of a web portal is validated with generalized conventional methods,but they fail to provide the desired ***,we need to include other quality factors that affect reliability such as usability for improving the reliability in addition to the conventional reliability ***,the primary objectives of web portals are to provide interactive integration of multiple functions confirming diverse requirements in an efficient *** this paper,we employ testing profiles tomeasure the reliability through software operational profile,input space profile and usability profile along with qualitative measures of reliability and ***,the case study used for verification is based on aweb application that facilitates information and knowledge sharing among its online *** proposed scheme is compared with the conventional reliability improvement method in terms of failure detection and *** final results unveil that the computation of reliability by using the traditional method(utilizing failure points with the assistance of Mean Time Between Failures(MTBF)and Mean Time To Failure(MTTF)becomes ineffective under certain *** such situations,the proposed scheme helps to compute the reliability in an effective ***,the outcomes of the study provide insight recommendations about the testing and measurement of reliability for Web based software or applications.

关键词： Software usability software reliability web portals software testing software testing profile

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Electromagnetic Time Reversal Algorithms and Source Localization in Lossy Dielectric Media

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2014年第12期61卷 779-789页

作者： Abdul Wahab Amer Rasheed Tasawar Hayat rab nawaz Department of Mathematics COMSATS Institute of Information Technology Department of Mathematics Quaid-i-Azam University Nonlinear Analysis and Applied Mathematics (NAAM) Research Group Faculty of Science King Abdulaziz University

The problem of reconstructing the spatial support of an extended radiating electric current source density in a lossy dielectric medium from transient boundary measurements of the electric fields is studied. A time reversal algorithm is proposed to localize a source density from loss-less wave-field measurements. Further, in order to recover source densities in a lossy medium, we first build attenuation operators thereby relating loss-less waves with lossy ones. Then based on asymptotic expansions of attenuation operators with respect to attenuation parameter, we propose two time reversal strategies for localization. The losses in electromagnetic wave propagation are incorporated using the Debye's complex permittivity, which is well-adopted for low frequencies(radio and microwave) associated with polarization in dielectrics.

关键词： time reversal electromagnetic waves inverse source problem Debye’s law attenuation operators

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Effects of Different Planting Pattern of Maize (Zea maysL.) and Soybean (Glycine max(L.) Merrill) Intercropping in Resource Consumption on Fodder Yield, and Silage Quality

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2017年第4期8卷 666-679页

作者： Maw Ni Soe Htet rab nawaz Soomro Haijiang Bo College of Agronomy Northwest A&F University Yangling China State Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Tillage in Northwestern Loess Plateau Northwest A&F University Yangling China Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Healthy Feeding College of Animal Science and Technology Northwest A&F University Yangling China

An experiment was carried out at the field units of the north campus experimental areas in Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, P. R. China. The experiment was conducted on summer season (June to September) to determine the effects of different planting patterns of maize and soybean intercropping in resource consumption on fodder yield and silage quality. The main treatments were one sole crop of maize (SM) and four maize-soybean intercropping patterns (1 row maize to 1 row soybean (1M1S), 1 row maize to 2 rows soybean (1M2S), 1 rows maize to 3 rows soybean (1M3S) and 2 rows maize to 1 row soybean (2M1S), respectively. The experiment was a randomized complete block design with three replications, and plot size of 12 m by 5 m. The crops were harvested when the maize reached at milk stage and soybean at R7 stage. The result indicated significant increase in fresh biomass and dry matter production of maize fodder alone as compared to maize intercropped with soybean fodder. It was correlated with a higher consumption of environmental resources, such as photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) and soil moisture by intercropping. After 45 days of ensiling period, silage samples were analyzed for pH, organic acids (Lactic, acetic, and butyric), dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), ether extract (EE), neutral detergent fibre (NDF), acid detergent fibre (ADF), calcium (Ca), sodium (Na), phosphorus (P), magnesium (Mg), and potassium (K). It was concluded that in all intercropped silages, crude protein (CP) values were higher (1M1S, 12.1%;1M2S, 12.2%;1M3S, 12.4%;2M1S, 12.1%) than the monocrop maize (SM, 8.7%) silage. Higher organic acids (p rable according to nutrient composition than other intercropped silages.

关键词： Intercropping Patterns Maize-Soybean Resource Consumption Fodder Silage Quality

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Property-performance relationship of core-shell structured black TiO_(2) photocatalyst for environmental remediation

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2023年第9期17卷 177-195页

作者： Sajjad Haider rab nawaz Muzammil Anjum Tahir Haneef Vipin Kumar Oad Salah Uddinkhan Rawaiz Khan Muhammad Aqif Chemical Engineering Department College of EngineeringKing Saud UniversityRiyadh 11421Saudi Arabia Department of Environmental Sciences Institute of Soil and Environmental SciencesPir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University ShamsabadRawalpindi 46300Pakistan Centre of Innovative Nanostructures and Nanodevices(COINN) Institute of Autonomous SystemUniversiti Teknologi PETRONASBandar Seri Iskandar 32610Malaysia Civil and Environmental Engineering Department The University of Alabama in HuntsvilleHuntsvilleAL 35899USA Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering Gdansk University of TechnologyGdansk 80-233Poland College of Engineering King Saud UniversityRiyadh 11421Saudi Arabia Restorative Dental Sciences Department College of DentistryKing Saud UniversityRiyadh 11545Saudi Arabia Faculty of Materials and Chemical Engineering Department of Chemical EngineeringGhulam Ishaq Khan InstituteKhyber Pakhtunkhwa Topi 23460Pakistan

Understanding the relationship between the properties and performance of black titanium dioxide with core-shell structure(CSBT)for environmental remediation is crucial for improving its prospects in practical *** this study,CSBT was synthesized using a glycerol-assisted sol-gel *** effect of different water-to-glycerol ratios(W:G=1:0,9:1,2:1,and 1:1)on the semiconducting and physicochemical properties of CSBT was *** effectiveness of CSBT in removing phenolic compounds(PHCs)from real agro-industrial wastewater was *** CSBT synthesized with a W:G ratio of 9:1 has optimized properties for enhanced removal of *** has a distinct coreshell structure and an appropriate amount of Ti3+cations(11.18%),which play a crucial role in enhancing the performance of *** exposed to visible light,the CSBT performed better:48.30%of PHCs were removed after 180 min,compared to only 21.95%for TiO_(2) without core-shell *** CSBT consumed only 45.5235 kWh/m^(3) of electrical energy per order of magnitude and cost$2.4127 per unit volume of treated agro-industrial *** the conditions tested,the CSBT demonstrated exceptional stability and *** CSBT showed promising results in the treatment of phenols-containing agro-industrial wastewater.

关键词： Black TiO_(2) Core-shell structure Property-performance relationship Agro-industrial effluent Environmental remediation

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Nickel, lead and manganese content of forages irrigated with different sewage water treatments: A case study of a semiarid region (Sargodha) in Pakistan

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Agricultural Sciences 2013年第4期4卷 180-184页

作者： Kafeel Ahmad Zafar Iqbal Khan Yasir Rizwan Muhammad Sher Muhammad Khalid Mukhtar rab nawaz Muneeba Shaheen Farhad Mirzaei Department of Animal Production Management Animal Sciences Research Institute of Iran Karaj Iran Department of Biological Sciences University of Sargodha Sargodha Pakistan Department of Chemistry University of Sargodha Sargodha Pakistan

The use of sewage water for agricultural purpose has tremendously increased during the last few years due to shortage of water availability, especially in semi-arid regions. Despite of many nutrients recycling advantages of sewage water, farmers are not fully aware of its harmful chemical composition. Heavy metals toxicity in soil and crops results from the long term use of sewage effluent for irrigation purposes. The present study was conducted to assess effect of sewage water on the uptake of Ni, Pb and Mn in different forage species with respect to the nutrient requirement of the grazing ruminants inSargodha,Punjab,Pakistan. Five samples each of six fodder species viz., Trifolium alexandrinum, Cichorium intybus, Avena sativa, Medicago polymorpha, Brassica campestris and Medicago sativa were collected from three fields irrigated with canal water, mix water (canal plus sewage water) and sewage water respectively. Pb, Ni and Mn concentration in the forage species during different treatments varied from 0.624 to1.672 mg/g, 7.364 to 10.17 mg/g and 5.136 to 12.422 mg/kg respectively. High value of Pb and Mn concentrations was observed during sewage water treatment. Lead is a non-essential element and is a very toxic metal. But in the present investigation Ni and Pb level in forages were below the toxic level, so the ruminants feeding on these forage species had no chance of Pb and Ni toxicity. On the other hand, Mn concentration in the forage species under observation was below the critical level. So the grazing animals at this location need continued mineral supplementation of Mn to prevent diseases caused by Mn deficiency, and to support optimum animal productivity. The objective of this study was to examine the potential for forage analysis as indicators of likely mineral deficiencies or excesses of grazing livestock during different sewage water treatments.

关键词： Sewage Water Nickel Lead Soil Forage Pakistan

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Effect of Water Stress on the Growth and Yield of Cotton Crop (Gossypium hirsutumL.)

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2015年第7期6卷 1027-1039页

作者： Arbab Sahito Zulfiqar Ali Baloch Amanullah Mahar Sohail Ahmed Otho Shahmir Ali Kalhoro Amjad Ali Fahad Ali Kalhoro rab nawaz Soomro Fayaz Ali Department of Agronomy Sindh Agriculture University Tando Jam Pakistan College of Economics and Management Sciences Northwest A&F University Yangling China College of Natural Resources and Environment Northwest A&F University Yangling China Centre for Environmental Sciences University of Sindh Jamshoro Pakistan College of Plant Protection Northwest A&F University Yangling China Faculty of Agriculture Lasbela University of Agriculture Water & Marine Sciences Lasbela Pakistan Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics Sindh Agriculture University Tando Jam Pakistan College of Animal Science and Technology Northwest A&F University Yangling China

Cotton is one of the most important fibre crops playing a key role in economic and social affairs of the world. Water is a critical factor which influences on growth and yield of the cotton crop. Scarcity of water has put tremendous pressure on scientists to introduce drought tolerant cotton varieties. This study was aimed to determine water stress effects on the growth and yield of cotton. The present study was carried out to examine the effect of number of irrigations on the growth and yield of cotton during 2014. The field trial was conducted at the Experimental Fields of Agronomy Section, Agriculture Research Institute, Tandojam, Pakistan. A three replicated Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) was employed to layout the experiment having plot size of 2.5 m × 5 m (12.5 m2). Four cotton varieties i.e. NIAB-78, Shahbaz-95, Sindh-1 and TH-224/87 were chosen for this study based on their frequent farmer usage. All the agronomic practices were performed according to standard procedures. Results showed that all the growth and yield components of cotton were significantly (P 0.05) affected by irrigation frequencies. The cotton crop irrigated six times at 21 days interval showed better results with 138.16 cm plant height, 1.45 monopodial branches per plant, 21.83 sympodial branches per plant, 44.58 bolls per plant, 33.86% G.O.T., and 26.97 mm staple length, 149.84 g seed cotton yield per plant and 2271.16 kg·ha-1 seed cotton yield. This study concluded that variety NIAB-78 showed superiority over Shahbaz-95, Sindh-1 and TH-224/87 in almost all the characters of economic importance, and the cotton crop received 6 irrigations at 21 days interval resulted in significantly economical overall performance as compared with 5 irrigations or 4 irrigations with higher seed cotton yield.

关键词： Cotton Crop Drought Stress Tolerance Yield

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Study on Growth Effects of Major-Nutrients Composition to Banana Cultivation in Coastal Areas of Sindh, Pakistan

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2015年第7期6卷 1003-1010页

作者： Shahmir Ali Kalhoro Xuexuan Xu Amanullah Mahar Amjad Ali Fahad Ali Kalhoro Sohail Ahmed Otho rab nawaz Soomro Fayaz Ali Zulfiqar Ali Baloch Institute of Soil and Water Conservation Northwest A&F University Yangling China Faculty of Agriculture Lasbela University of Agriculture Water & Marine Sciences Lasbela Pakistan College of Natural Resources and Environment Northwest A&F University Yangling China Department of Plant Breeding & Genetics Sindh Agriculture University Tando Jam Pakistan College of Plant Protection Northwest A&F University Yangling China College of Animal Science and Technology Northwest A&F University Yangling China College of Economics and Management Sciences Northwest A&F University Yangling China

The composition of major nutrients, i.e. nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium (NPK), is a critical factor in banana cultivation and also influences crop yield. This study was aimed to analyze the concentrations of NPK in different banana growing locations of coastal areas of Sindh, Pakistan. A total of 15 composite soil samples at the depth of 0 - 15 and 15 - 30 cm and the same number of banana leaves were collected. The samples were analyzed for the concentration of N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Zn, Mn and Cl concentrations. Results showed that the surface and sub-surface soils of coastal areas were heavy in texture, non-saline, medium alkaline and moderately calcareous in nature. Medium to adequate in Organic Matter (OM), medium in total nitrogen, medium to optimum in available phosphorus, medium to high in exchangeable potassium and deficient in available zinc at both tested depths. The analysis of soluble anions indicated that the carbonates were absent and that chlorides were dominant as compared with bicarbonates. Nitrogen and zinc concentrations of banana leaves were below the critical level, whereas P, K, Mn and chloride ion concentration were above the critical levels. In addition, the relative percentages for K, Ca and Mg were 57.72 to 61.72, 19.05 to 21.00 and 17.70 to 20.00 respectively.

关键词： Banana Cultivation Nutrients Yield Soil Leaves

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Heterosis and Combing Ability in F1 Population of Hexaploid Wheat (Triticum AestivumL.)

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2015年第7期6卷 1011-1026页

作者： Fahad Ali Kalhoro Asghar Ali Rajpar Shahmir Ali Kalhoro Amanullah Mahar Amjad Ali Sohail Ahmed Otho rab nawaz Soomro Fayaz Ali Zulfiqar Ali Baloch Department of Plant Breeding & Genetics Sindh Agriculture University Tando Jam Pakistan Faculty of Agriculture Lasbela University of Agriculture Water & Marine Sciences Lasbela Pakistan Centre for Environmental Sciences University of Sindh Jamshoro Pakistan College of Natural Resources and Environment Northwest A&F University Yangling China College of Plant Protection Northwest A&F University Yangling China College of Animal Science and Technology Northwest A&F University Yangling China College of Economics and Management Sciences Northwest A&F University Yangling China

The heterosis, heterobeltiosis, general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) were examined during rabi (crop season) of 2013-2014 in hexaploid wheat genotypes. The experiment for this study was conducted at the Botanical Garden, Department of Plant Breeding & Genetics, Sindh Agriculture University Tandojam, Pakistan. The breeding material was comprised of four parents (Imdad, TD-1, SKD-1, and Moomal). These parents were crossed in half partial mating fashion;thus, six possible cross combinations (F1s) were obtained (Imdad × TD-1, Imdad × SKD-1, Imdad × Moomal, TD-1 × SKD-1, TD-1 × Moomal, and SKD-1 × Moomal). A three-replicated RCB Design was used. The mean squares corresponding to different traits of various hexaploid wheat genotypes indicated significant (P F1 hybrids) effects for the characters (plant height, tillers plant-1, spike length, spikelets spike-1, seeds spike-1, seed index, and grain yield plant-1). The mean performance of F1 hybrids differed significantly (P < 0.01) for all the traits studied. Among the parents, Imdad and TD-1 proved to be better general combiners for almost all the studied traits. In regards to SCA effects, the F1 hybrids Imdad × TD-1 and Imdad × SKD-1 expressed higher SCA and heterotic effects for most of the studied traits.

关键词： Wheat Breeding GCA SCA Heterosis Heterobeltiosis

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