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Trade-Offs and Synergie Effects of Regulating Ecosystem Services along an Climatic Gradient in Slovakia

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2024年第6期12卷 135-150页

作者： Jarmila Makovníková Stanislav Kološta Boris Pálka National Agricultural and Food Centre Soil Science and Conservation Research Institute Bratislava Regional Station Bansk Bystica Bansk Bystrica Slovakia Faculty of Economics Matej Bel University Bansk Bystrica Slovakia

This study aims to assess the synergies and trade-offs of regulating ecosystem services. Ecosystem services are non-linearly interconnected and changes in one service can positively or negatively affect another. We evaluated ecosystem services based on biophysical indicators using an expert scoring system that determines the corresponding soil functions and is part of the existing data.a.es available in Slovakia. This methodological combination enabled us to provide unique mapping and assessment of ecosystem services within Slovakia. Correlation analysis between individual regulating ecosystem services and climate regions, slope, texture, and altitude confirm the statistically significant influence of climate and slope in all agricultural land, arable land, and grassland ecosystems. Statistically significant synergistic effects were established between the regulation of the water regime and the regulation of soil erosion within each climate region, apart from the very warm climate region. Only in a very warm climate region was potential of regulating ecosystem services mutually beneficial for soil erosion control and soil cleaning potential (immobilization of inorganic pollutants).

关键词： Agroecosystem Services Climatic Zone Mapping Trade-Offs Synergies

Factors Influencing the Acidification Trends in Agriculture Soils: A Case Study of Slovakia

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2024年第9期12卷 269-282页

作者： Jarmila Makovníková Stanislav Kološta Boris Pálka National Agricultural and Food Centre/Soil Science and Conservation Research Institute Bratislava Regional Station Banská Bystica Slovakia Faculty of Ecomonics Matej Bel University in Banská Bystrica Tajovského Banská Bystrica Slovakia

This study aims to evaluate the development of soil reaction values in 15 key localities of soil Partial Monitoring System from 1994 to 2023, and to identify the most important regional drivers of pH value development. Soil samples were collected from the depth 0 - 0.10 m yearly in the spring (5 samples from each locality). In the dry soil, samples were determined actively and exchanged soil reaction. The most significant negative changes (decreases of soil reaction) were determined in Haplic Stagnosols group and Cambisols group. The pH value in topsoil is primarily controlled by soil type and soil substrate, soil management and land use, and to a lesser extent by climatic region.

关键词： pH Value Acidification Climatic Region Soil Type

Washed microbiota transplantation for Crohn’s disease:A metagenomic,metatranscriptomic,and metabolomic-based study

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第11期30卷 1572-1587页

作者： Shi-Ju Chen Da-Ya Zhang Xia Wu Fa-Ming Zhang Bo-ta Cui Yi-Hao Huang Zu-Lun Zhang Rui Wang Fei-Hu Bai Graduate School Hainan Medical UniversityHaikou 571199Hainan ProvinceChina Department of Microbiota Medicine&Medical Center for Digestive Diseases The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 210011Jiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Gastroenterology The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical UniversityHaikou 570216Hainan ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Fecal microbiota transplantation(FMT)is a promising therapeutic approach for treating Crohn’s disease(CD).The new method of FMT,based on the automatic washing process,was named as washed microbiota transplantation(WMT).Most existing studies have focused on observing the clinical ***,the mechanism of action of FMT for the effective management of CD-particularly in-depth multi-omics analysis involving the metagenome,metatranscriptome,and metabolome-has not yet been *** To assess the efficacy of WMT for CD and explore alterations in the microbiome and metabolome in response to *** We conducted a prospective,open-label,single-center clinical *** CD patients underwent *** clinical responses(defined as a decrease in their CD Activity Index score of>100 points)and their microbiome(metagenome,metatranscriptome)and metabolome profiles were evaluated three months after the *** Seven of the 11 patients(63.6%)showed an optimal clinical response three months *** microbiome diversity significantly increased after WMT,consistent with improved clinical *** of the metagenome and metatranscriptome analyses revealed consistent alterations in certain strains,such as Faecalibac-terium prausnitzii,Roseburia intestinalis,and escherichia *** addition,metabolomics analyses demonstrated that CD patients had elevated levels of various amino acids before treatment compared to the ***,levels of vital amino acids that may be associated with disease progression(e.g.,L-glutamic acid,gamma-glutamyl-leucine,and prolyl-glutamine)were reduced after *** WMT demonstrated therapeutic efficacy in CD treatment,likely due to the effective reconstruction of the patient’s ***-omics techniques can effectively help decipher the potential mechanisms of WMT in treating CD.

关键词： Crohn’s disease Clinical trials Fecal microbiota transplant Metagenome Metatranscriptome Metabolome

Phenazines:Natural products for microbial growth control

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hLife 2024年第3期2卷 100-112页

作者： Cátia A Sousa Marta Ribeiro Francisca Vale Manuel Simões ISEP/P.PORTO School of EngineeringPolytechnic of PortoPortoPortugal LEPABE-Laboratory for Process Engineering EnvironmentBiotechnology and EnergyFaculty of EngineeringUniversity of PortoPortoPortugal ALiCE-Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering Faculty of EngineeringUniversity of PortoPortoPortugal

The unprecedented problem of antibiotic resistance has become a major challenge for public health,which has contributed to an increase in infections caused by such *** microbial infections,typically biofilm-related,are alsocoupled to an increase in human mortality and ***,the demand for new antimicrobial agents hasincreased along with the evolution of microbial resistance *** products produced by bacteria,such as phenazines,have been recognized as an important source for the development of new antimicrobial agents,through the exploitation of their capacity to increase oxidative stress in other *** are a large groupof nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds and are essential for several cellular processes including iron acquisition,signaling events,enzymatic processes,and biofilm ***-inspired antibiotics(i.e.,2-bromo-1-hydroxyphenazine,2,4-dibromo-1-hydroxyphenazine,bromophenazine-21,phenazine-13,and phenazine-14)are veryactive against a wide range of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria,including those associated with severe *** this study,mechanisms of phenazine-inspired antibiotics in the cellular processes of planktonic and sessilebacteria are ***,the application of phenazine-inspired antibiotics for the eradication of multidrugresistant planktonic and biofilm bacterial infections is also reviewed.

关键词： antimicrobial agents biofilms multidrug-resistant natural products phenazines

Accuracy of tree mapping based on hand-held laser scanning comparing leaf-on and leaf-off conditions in mixed forests

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Journal of Forestry Research 2024年第5期 18-29页

作者： Frederico Tupinambá-Sim?es Adrián Pascual Juan Guerra-Hernández Cristóbal Ordó?ez Tiago de Conto Felipe Bravo iuFOR Sustainable Forest Management Research Institute University of Valladolid & INIA Department of Geographical Sciences University of Maryland Forest Research Centre School of Agriculture University of Lisbon

The use of mobile laser scanning to survey forest ecosystems is a promising, scalable technology to describe forest 3D structures at high resolution. To confirm the consistency in the retrieval of forest structural parameters using hand-held laser scanning(HLS), before operationalizing the method, confirming the data is crucial. We analyzed the performance of tree-level mapping based on HLS under different phenology conditions on a mixed forest in western Spain comprising Pinus pinaster and two deciduous species, Alnus glutinosa and Quercus pyrenaica. The area was surveyed twice during the growing season(July 2022) and once in the deciduous season(February 2022) using several scanning paths. Ground reference data(418 trees, 15 snags) was used to calibrate the HLS data and to assess the influence of phenology when converting 3D data into tree-level attributes(DBH, height and volume). The HLS-based workflow was robust at isolating tree positions and recognizing stems despite changes in phenology. Ninety-six percent of all pairs matched below 65 cm. For DBH, phenology barely altered estimates. We observed a strong agreement when comparing HLS-based tree height distributions. The values exceeded 2 m when comparing height measurements, confirming height data should be carefully used as reference in remote sensing-based inventories, especially for deciduous species. Tree volume was more precise for pines(r = 0.95, and relative RMSE = 21.3 –23.8%) compared to deciduous species(r = 0.91 –0.96, and relative RMSE = 27.3–30.5%). HLS data and the forest structural complexity tool performed remarkably, especially in tree positioning considering mixed forests and mixed phenology conditions.

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社区环境与活动空间共享对社区归属感的影响

地理研究 2024年第9期43卷 2343-2353页

作者：塔娜孙翊豪华东师范大学地理科学学院上海200241 华东师范大学地理信息科学教育部重点实验室上海200241 自然资源部超大城市自然资源时空大数据分析应用重点实验室上海200241

社会转型与移动性背景下,个体与社区环境的互动方式不断重构,社区归属感的形成路径更加复杂。基于此,本文利用上海市居民活动与出行调查数据,建立公共接触潜力的广度、强度和跨群体接触指数测度居民的社区活动空间共享特征,运用有序logi... 详细信息

社会转型与移动性背景下,个体与社区环境的互动方式不断重构,社区归属感的形成路径更加复杂。基于此,本文利用上海市居民活动与出行调查数据,建立公共接触潜力的广度、强度和跨群体接触指数测度居民的社区活动空间共享特征,运用有序logit模型探究社区环境、活动空间共享对居民社区归属感的影响。研究发现:①公共接触潜力广度和跨收入群体公共接触潜力对社区归属感具有负向影响,跨户口群体公共接触潜力具有正向影响,公共接触潜力强度影响不显著。②社区外来人口比例较高有利于提升社区归属感,说明社区社会组成多样有利于提升对社区的情感依赖。③社区环境感知对社区归属感具有正向影响,商品房居民比其他社区居民更有可能表现出高社区归属感。④本地、中收入、已婚和拥有住房产权的居民更有可能对社区产生情感依赖,但日常活动远离社区的人更难建立起对社区的情感。本文提出通过活动空间共享深化移动性背景下社区促进社会融合的机制研究,丰富社区社会融合理论,为构建包容性城市和促进高质量发展提供参考。

关键词：行为地理学户口社会融合社区活动空间

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地铁可达性对生活满意度的影响研究进展

科技导报 2024年第3期42卷 44-52页

作者：塔娜王琦华东师范大学地理信息科学教育部重点实验室上海200241 华东师范大学地理科学学院上海200241 自然资源部超大城市自然资源时空大数据分析应用重点实验室上海200241

总结了地铁可达性的测度方法,梳理了地铁可达性对生活满意度影响的直接与间接效应,构建了地铁可达性对生活满意度影响的行为框架,以行为地理学与城市规划的相关理论为基础,从微观个体的视角出发,探讨地铁可达性、个体时空间行为、生活... 详细信息

总结了地铁可达性的测度方法,梳理了地铁可达性对生活满意度影响的直接与间接效应,构建了地铁可达性对生活满意度影响的行为框架,以行为地理学与城市规划的相关理论为基础,从微观个体的视角出发,探讨地铁可达性、个体时空间行为、生活满意度三者之间的关系。

关键词：地铁可达性时空间行为生活满意度行为地理学

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环境何以媒介化?——基于阿拉善左旗荒漠化治理运动的田野考察

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新闻大学 2024年第4期 45-56,118页

作者：阿希塔复旦大学新闻学院上海200433

在深度媒介化社会场景下,环境在生态文明与国际气候双重议题加持下愈发媒介化。本研究以阿拉善左旗荒漠化治理运动为研究对象,探讨了中介过程对环境运动的影响。研究发现,以符号互动为表征的环境运动已经形成了众多深度媒介化情境与社... 详细信息

在深度媒介化社会场景下,环境在生态文明与国际气候双重议题加持下愈发媒介化。本研究以阿拉善左旗荒漠化治理运动为研究对象,探讨了中介过程对环境运动的影响。研究发现,以符号互动为表征的环境运动已经形成了众多深度媒介化情境与社会意义,在这些情境中,不同行动者组群、相关性框架与交往实践的组合所建构的传播互型形成了广泛的社会影响,不仅塑造了具有中心指向性的实践秩序,也创造了众多具有归属感的媒介化集体。

关键词：媒介化社会建构环境传播荒漠化治理

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Discussion of the Composition of Jaboticaba in Different Processes

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2024年第1期15卷 101-112页

作者： Ching-Hu Tsai Yi-Chun Lin Chih-ta Liu Yo-Ju Chen Department of Long-Term Care Kang Ning University Taipei Department of Respiratory Therapy En Chu Kong Hospital New Taipei City Department of Thoracic Surgery Division En Chu Kong Hospital New Taipei City

This study discusses the composition analysis and comparison of Jaboticaba under different processing conditions for fermented liquid, jam, fruit powder, and fruit vinegar. The differences and comparison of the contents of total polyphenols, anthocyanins, resveratrol, superoxide dismutase, small molecular peptides and ellagic acid in their products were analyzed. After analysis and comparison of results, the content of total polyphenols was found to be the highest 44.82 ± 0.89 (mg/g) after being fermented directly from fresh fruit. The fresh fruit was dried at low temperature and ground into powder, with a maximum ellagic acid content of 12.799 ± 0.12 (mg/g). Fresh fruit was then made into jam, with the highest anthocyanin content of 57.39 ± 1.20 (mg/g). The fruit vinegar was produced by fermentation. Except for the content of small molecule peptides, which was similar to the content of fermentation broth and fruit powder, they were 20.63 ± 1.61, 23.84 ± 2.51 and 20.52 ± 1.21 (mg/g), and the rest of the composition was not as good as other samples. In the fresh fruit fermentation broth samples, resveratrol was produced and detected, and its content was 2.14 (mg/L), while it was not detected in other samples, and a superoxide dismutase (SOD)-like enzyme was detected in the fresh fruit fermentation broth. The highest activity was 49002.5 units/mL. Jaboticaba is prepared using a fermentation broth processing method with fresh fruit, and its total polyphenol content is higher than that of fruit powder, jam, and fruit vinegar. The commercial value of Jaboticaba and the establishment of composition content data are relatively improved, which is more promising for the future.

关键词： Jaboticaba Total Polyphenols Anthocyanins Resveratrol Small Molecule Peptides