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Processes involving soil CO_(2)dynamic in a sector of Chaco-pampean plain,Argentina:An isotope geochemical approach

Acta Geochimica 2024年第5期43卷 947-958页

作者： Sanci Romina panarello héctor Instituto de Geociencias Básicas Aplicadas y Ambientales de Buenos Aires(IGEBA)Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y NaturalesUniversidad de Buenos AiresCABAIntendente Güiraldes 2160Pabellón IIPiso 1C1428EGA Ciudad UniversitariaArgentina Instituto de Geocronología y Geología Isotópica(INGEIS) Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y NaturalesUniversidad de Buenos AiresCABAIntendente Güiraldes 2160Pabellón INGEISC1428EGA Ciudad UniversitariaArgentina

The magnitude and spatial variability of CO_(2)surface emissions and processes involving CO_(2)released to the atmosphere from the soils are relevant issues in the context of climate *** work evaluated CO_(2)fluxes and^(13)C/^(12)C ratio of vegetation,organic matter,and soil gases from no disturbed soils of Chaco pampean Plain(Argentina)with different soil properties and environmental conditions(PL and pa units).Soil organic decomposition from individual layers was accompanied byδ^(13)C of total organic carbon(δ^(13)C-TOC)values more enriched to depth.δ^(13)C-TOC values in the upper soil profile~ca.0–15 cm were like the plant community of this area(~−33 to−29‰)whileδ^(13)CTOC varied stronger bellow horizon A,till~−24‰.Bothδ^(13)C-TOC and soilδ^(13)C-CO_(2)were similar(~−24 to 26‰)at deeper horizons(~50–60 cm).Toward the superficial layers,δ^(13)C-TOC andδ^(13)C-CO_(2)showed more differences(till~4‰),due influence of the diffusion *** A layer(~0–20 cm)from both PL and pa units contained the most enrichedδ^(13)C-CO_(2)values(~−15–17‰)because atmospheric CO_(2)permeated the soil air.A simple two-component mixing model between sources(atmosphericδ^(13)C-CO_(2)and soil CO_(2))confirmed that ***,CO_(2)fluxes reflected the biodegradation of C3 plants(source),diffusive transport,and CO_(2)exchange(atmosphere/soil).Soil moisture content appeared as a determining factor in the diffusion process and the magnitude of CO_(2)surface emissions(12–60 g·m^(−2)·d^(−1)).That condition was confirmed by CO_(2)diffusion coefficients estimated by air-filled porosity parameters and soil radon gradient model.

关键词： Soil CO_(2) Carbon isotopes Isotope fractionation radon gases

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Function and dysfunction of GEMIN5:understanding a novel neurodevelopmental disorder

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第11期19卷 2377-2386页

作者： Charles h.Nelson Udai B.pandey Department of Pediatrics Division of Child NeurologyChildren’s Hospital of PittsburghUniversity of Pittsburgh Medical CenterPittsburghPAUSA Children’s Neuroscience Institute Children’s Hospital of PittsburghUniversity of Pittsburgh Medical CenterPittsburghPAUSA

The recent identification of a neurodevelopmental disorder with cerebellar atrophy and motor dysfunction(NEDCAM)has resulted in an increased interest in GEMIN5,a multifunction RNA-binding *** the largest member of the survival motor neuron complex,GEMIN5 plays a key role in the biogenesis of small nuclear ribonucleoproteins while also exhibiting translational regulatory functions as an independent *** many questions remain regarding both the pathogenesis and pathophysiology of this new disorder,considerable progress has been made in the brief time since its *** this review,we examine GEMIN5 within the context of NEDCAM,focusing on the structure,function,and expression of the protein specifically in regard to the disorder ***,we explore the current animal models of NEDCAM,as well as potential molecular pathways for treatment and future directions of *** review provides a comprehensive overview of recent advances in our understanding of this unique member of the survival motor neuron complex.

关键词： cerebellar atrophy GEMIN5 neurodevelopmental disorder neurological disease SMN complex

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Do tensile and shear forces exerted on cells influence mechanotransduction through stored energy considerations?

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BIOCELL 2024年第4期48卷 525-540页

作者： FREDERICk h.SILVER TANMAY DEShMUkh Department of pathology and Laboratory Medicine Robert Wood Johnson Medical SchoolRutgersThe State University of New JerseyPiscatawayNJ 08854USA OptoVibronex LLC.Ben Franklin Tech PartnersBethlehemPA 18015USA

All tissues in the body are subjected externally to gravity and internally by collagenﬁbril and cellular retractive forces that create stress and energy equilibrium required for *** involves mechanical work(force through a distance)and energy storage as kinetic and potential *** leads to changes in cell mitosis or apoptosis and the synthesis or loss of tissue *** involves the application of energy directly to cells through integrin-mediated processes,cell-cell connections,stretching of the cell cytoplasm,and activation of the cell nucleus via yes-associated protein(YAP)and transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-motif(TAZ).These processes involve numerous complexes,intermediate molecules,and multiple *** pathways have been identiﬁed from research studies on vertebrate cell culture and from studies in *** pathways involve mechanosensors and other molecules that activate the *** review discusses the mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPk)family,hippo,hedgehog,and Wingless-related integration site(WNT)/βcatenin signaling *** mediators covered includeβcatenin,ion channels,growth factors,hormone receptors,members of the ras superfamily,and components of the linker of nucleoskeleton and cytoskeleton(LINC)***,the interrelationship among the different pathways remains to be clariﬁ***-mediated mechanotransduction involves direct tensile loading and energy applied to the cell membrane via collagenﬁbril *** energy is transferred between cells by stretching the cell-cell connections involving cadherins and the WNT/βcatenin *** alterations induce changes in intracellular events in the cytoskeleton and nuclear skeleton caused by the release of YAP and *** coactivators then penetrate through the nuclear pores and inﬂuence nuclear cell *** in the balance of forces and energy applied to cells and tissues is hypothesized to shift th

关键词： MAPk family hippo hedgehog WNT pathway βcatenin Ion channels Growth factor receptors hormone receptors ras superfamily LINC complex Collagen Cadherins

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Music as medicine for traumatic brain injury:a perspective on future research directions

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第10期19卷 2105-2106页

作者： Anthony E.kline Eleni h.Moschonas Corina O.Bondi Department of Physical Medicine&Rehabilitation University of PittsburghPittsburghPAUSA Safar Center for Resuscitation Research University of PittsburghPittsburghPAUSA Center for Neuroscience University of PittsburghPittsburghPAUSA Department of Critical Care Medicine University of PittsburghPittsburghPAUSA Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition University of PittsburghPittsburghPAUSA Department of Psychology University of PittsburghPittsburghPAUSA Department of Neurobiology University of PittsburghPittsburghPAUSA

Traumatic brain injury(TBI) impacts 69 million individuals globally each year and is a leading cause of death and disability(Dewan et al.,2019).The majority of moderate-to-severe TBI survivors endure long-lasting disturbances in motor,cognitive,and affect that negatively impacts their *** a plethora of research on pharmacological interventions for TBI has been conducted,none has translated to the clinic,thus advocating for the evaluation of nonpharmacological therapeutic approaches that may increase translational success.

关键词： injury traumatic

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Psychiatric comorbidities in epilepsy:population co-occurrence,genetic correlations and causal effects

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General Psychiatry 2024年第1期37卷 103-111页

作者： Viktor h Ahlqvist Christina Dardani paul Madley-Dowd harriet Forbes Jessica rast Caichen Zhong Renee M Gardner Christina Dalman kristen Lyal craIG Newschaffer Torbjorn Tomson Michael Lundberg Daniel Berglind Neil M Davies Brian k Lee Cecilia Magnusson Dheeraj rai Department of Global Public health Karolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit Bristol Medical SchoolUniversity of BristolBristolUK Centre for Academic Mental health Population Health SciencesBristol Medical SchoolUniversity of BristolBristolUK Faculty of Epidemiology and Population health London School of Hygiene and Tropical MedicineLondonUK A.J.Drexel Autism Institute Drexel UniversityPhiladelphiaPAUSA Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics School of Public HealthDrexel UniversityPhiladelphiaPAUSA College of health and human Development Pennsylvania State UniversityState CollegePAUSA Department of Clinical Neuroscience Karolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden Centre for Epidemiology and Community Medicine Region StockholmStockholmSweden k.G Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology Department of Public Health and NursingNorwegian University of Science and TechnologyTrondheimNorway Division of Psychiatry University Collge LondonLondonUK Department of Statistical Sciences University Cllge LondonLondonK NIhR Biomedical Research Centre University of BristoBristolUK Avon and Wiltshire partnership NHS Mental Health TrustBristolUK

Background Psychiatric comorbidities are common in patients with *** for the co-occurrence of psychiatric conditions and epilepsy remain poorly *** We aimed to triangulate the relationship between epilepsy and psychiatric conditions to determine the extent and possible origins of these *** Using nationwide Swedish health registries,we quantified the lifetime prevalence of psychiatric disorders in patients with *** then used summarydata from genome-wide association studies to investigate whether the identified observational associations could be attributed to a shared underlying genetic aetiology using cross-trait linkage disequilibrium score ***,we assessed the potential bidirectional relationships using two-sample Mendelian *** In a cohort of 7628495 individuals,we found that almost half of the 94435 individuals diagnosed with epilepsy were also diagnosed with a psychiatric condition in their lifetime(adjusted lifetime prevalence,44.09%;95%confidence interval(Cl)43.78%to 44.39%).We found evidence for a genetic correlation between epilepsy and some neurodevelopmental and psychiatric *** example,we observed a genetic correlation between epilepsy and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder(r,=0.18,95%Cl 0.09 to 0.27,phat was more pronounced in focal epilepsy(r=0.23,95%CI 0.09 to 0.36,prandomisation using common genetic variants did not support bidirectional effects between epilepsy and neurodevelopmental or psychiatric *** Psychiatric comorbidities are common in patients with *** correlations may partially explain some comorbidities;however,there is little evidence of a bidirectional relationship between the genetic liability of epilepsy and psychiatric *** findings highlight the need to understand the role of environmental factors or rare genetic variations in the origins of psy

关键词： epilepsy Psychiat lifetime

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Design of Slant-Form Tool in Precision Reuse of Digital paper Display

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2011年第9期27卷 846-850页

作者： pai-Shan pa Department of Digital Content Design Graduate School of Toy and Game Design National Taipei University of Education Taipei 10667 Taiwan China

A reuse fabrication module using micro electroetching as a precision machining process with a new design of a slant-form tool to remove the defective indium-tin-oxide （ITO） nanostructure from the optical polyethyleneterephthalate （PET） surfaces of digital paper display is presented in current studies. The low yield of ITO thin film deposition is an important factor in optoelectronic semiconductor production. The adopted precision reuse process requires only a short period of time to remove the ITO nanostructure easily and cleanly, which is based on technical and economical considerations and is highly efficient. In the current experiment, a large inclined angle of the cathode and a small end radius of the anode take less time for the same amount of ITO removal. A higher feed rate of the optical PET diaphragm combines with enough electric power to drive fast micro electroetching. A small rotational diameter of the anode accompanied by a small width of the cathode corresponds to a higher removal rate for the ITO nanostructure. A pulsed direct current can improve the effect of dreg discharge and is advantageous to couple this current with the fast feed rate of the workpiece. This improvement is associated with an increase in current rating. high rotational speed of the slant-form tool can improve the effect of dregs discharge and is advantageous to associate with the fast feed rate of the workpiece （optical PET diaphragm）.

关键词： Reuse fabrication Slant-Form Digital paper display Optical polyethyleneterephthalate (PET) diaphragm Indium-tin-oxide (ITO) nanostructure Micro electroetching

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Effective tool design of three-rank form as precision removal-process of ITO thin-films

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中国有色金属学会会刊：英文版 2009年第B9期19卷 232-237页

作者： pai-shan pa Digital Content Design Graduate School of Toy and Game DesignNational Taipei University of Education

A new effective tool design of three-rank form of electroremoval was present using a precision recycle system offering faster performance in removing the indium-tin-oxide(ITO) thin-films on color filter surface of displays. higher electric power is not required since the three-rank form tool is adopted as a feeding mode to reduce the response area. The low yield of ITO persists throughout the entire semiconductor production process. By establishing a recycle process of ultra-precise removal of the thin-film nanostructure, defective products in the optoelectronic semiconductors industry can be effectively recycled, decreasing both production costs and pollution. A 5th generation TFT-LCD was used. The design features of the removal processes for the thin-films and the tool design of three-rank form were of major interest. For the precision removal processes, a pulsed current can improve the effect of dreg discharge and contributes to the achievement of a fast workpiece (displays' color filter) feed rate, but raises the current rating. high flow velocity of the electrolyte with a high rotational speed of the tool electrodes elevates the ITO removal effect. A displays' color filter with a fast feed rate is combined with enough electric power to provide highly effective removal. A small thickness of the rank and a small arc angle of the negative-electrode correspond to a higher removal rate for ITO-film. An effective three-rank form negative-electrode provides larger discharge mobility and better removal effect. It only needs a short period of time to remove the ITO easily and cleanly.

关键词：工具设计薄膜材料 ITO

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Pharmacokinetic characteristics of L-valyl-ara-C and its implication on the oral delivery of ara-C

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Acta Pharmacologica Sinica 2007年第2期28卷 268-272页

作者： Eun-pa ChEON hyo-kyung hAN College of Pharmacy Chosun UniversityGwangju 501-759Korea

Aim:To evaluate the pharmacokinetic characteristics of L-valyl-ara-C,apeptidomimetic prodrug of ***:After the synthesis of L-valyl-ara-C,the in vitro stability of L-valyl-ara-C was examined in various biological *** pharmacokinetic profiles of ara-C and L-valyl-ara-C were also evaluated ***:The degradation of L-valyl-ara-C was negligible in fresh plasmaand also in the presence of plasmin over a 2 h incubation ***,L-valyl-ara-C appeared to be stable in the leukemia cell homogenates,andsubsequently,it was far less cytotoxic than the parent,ara-C in AML2 and *** chemical hydrolysis of L-valyl-ara-C was rather accelerated in *** an oral administration of L-valyl-ara-C,the appearance of ara-Cwas observed in plasma although the systemic exposure of the prodrug was muchhigher than that of *** bioavailability of ara-C was about 4% via ***:The amide bond of L-valyl-ara-C was stable againstthe enzymatic hydrolysis,and the utility of L-valyl-ara-C as an oral delivery sys-tem of ara-C appeared to be limited by its low metabolic conversion to ara-C in rats.

关键词： ara-C L-valyl-ara-C prodrug pharmacokinetics rats

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Science behind cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in humans:A clinical study

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Asian pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2012年第8期2卷 640-644页

作者： Arunkumar pa Viswanatha GL radheshyam N Mukund h Belliyappa MS Department of Pharmacology PES College of Pharmacy Medical Oncology Curie Centre for OncologySt.John's Medical College radiation Oncology Curie Centre for OncologySt.John's Medical College

Objective:To investigate the relationship between serum electrolyte changes and cisplatin induced ***:We collected data from 18 patients undergoing cisplatin chemotherapy including serum electrolytes,creatinine,blood urea nitrogen(BUN) and urine potassium,sodium and ph levels before and after the cisplatin *** the patients had cancer and were treated with 40-50 mg/day *** injury was assessed by measuring serum electrolytes,creatinine,BUN levels and urine potassium,sodium and ph levels. Results:The five cycles of cisplatin based chemotherapy resulted in hypomagnesia(P=0.029), hypocalcaemia(P=0.001~*),hypophosphatemia(P=0.003*),hypokalemia(P=0.001~*)and increased serum creatinine(P=0.001~*)and BUN(P=0.292~*)*** urine analysis,decrease in potassium(P=0.024~*)was found,except potassium there was no significant changes in sodium and urine ph. Conclusions:The present study demonstrates that,acute nephrotoxicity was observed in patients with different types of cancers undergoing cisplatin based chemotherapy due to electrolyte disturbances,when no corrective measures were initiated.

关键词： Cisplatin Electrolyte imbalance hypomagnesia hypocalcaemia Creatinine

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Vapor phase fabrication of three-dimensional arrayed BiI3 nanosheets for cost-effective solar cells

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InfoMat 2020年第5期2卷 975-983页

作者： Yiyi Zhu Qianpeng Zhang Matthew kam Swapnadeep poddar Leilei Gu Shijun Liang Pengfei Qi Feng Miao Zhiyong Fan hkUST-Shenzhen Research Institute ShenzhenChina Department of Electronics and Computer Engineering Hong Kong University of Science and Technology(HKUST)Hong KongSARChina National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures School of PhysicsSchool of Electronic Science and EngineeringCollaborative Innovation Centre of Advanced MicrostructuresNanjing UniversityNanjingChina Zhong Shan Rui ke New Energy Co.Ltd. ZhongshanGuangdongChina

Multilayered photovoltaic absorbers have triggered widespread attention for their unique structure and ***,multilayered materials in the randomly oriented polycrystalline thin-film lead to ineffective carrier transport and collection,which hinders the process of achieving high-performance solar ***,this issue is tackled by producing the three-dimensional(3D)heterojunction BiI3 nanosheets(NSs)solar cells,which embed vertically aligned monocrystalline BiI3 NSs into *** preferred orientation of BiI3 NSs and large p-n junction areas of 3D heterojunction structure enable a strong light absorption and effective carrier transport and collection,and thus a power conversion efficiency(PCE)of 1.45%was ***,this PCE is the highest ever reported for BiI3 based solar cells to our best ***,the nonencapsulated device remained 96%of the initial PCE after 24 h continuous one sun illumination at^70%humidity condition,and 82%of the initial PCE after 1-month storage at^30%humidity condition.

关键词： 3D solar cells BiI3 multilayered semiconductors

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