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Impacts of brood parasitism by shiny cowbird Molothrus bonariensis on the breeding success of a small host, the black-backed water tyrant Fluvicola albiventer

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Current Zoology 2024年第4期70卷 539-547页

作者： Lorena Vanesa Sovrano Evelina Jesica Leon Rodrigo Ezequiel Lorenzón Pamela Fernanda Olguin Adolfo Héctor Beltzer Alejandro raúl Giraudo Laboratorio de Biodiversidad y Conservacion de Tetrapodos Instituto Nacional de Limnologia(INALICONICET-UNL)Paraje El Pozo s/nSanta Fe(3000)Argentina Departamento de Biologia Universidad Autonoma de Entre RiosKm 10.5 RP 11Oro Verde(3100)Entre RiosArgentina Departamento de Biologia Universidad Nacional del LitoralFacultad de Humanidades y CienciasParaje Ei Pozo s/nSanta Fe(3000)Argentina

The shiny cowbird Molothrus bonariensis parasitizes many species with different life-history traits and has a detrimental effect on the survival of the progeny of the *** response,hosts have developed numerous antiparasitic ***,we examined the effects of brood parasitism by shiny cowbird on the clutch and brood sizes(83 nests)in a small host,the black-backed water tyrant Fluvicola *** also studied whether the death of parasite nestlings was related to the care of the foster parents and whether the host had any antiparasitic defense against the shiny *** results indicate that brood parasitism significantly decreased the host hatching and fledging *** majority of nest failures(57%)were caused by brood *** cowbird parasitism occurred in 52%of nests and the intensity of parasitism was 1.23±0.53 eggs per parasitized *** the total host eggs,54%were *** the incubation stage,20 nests(47%)were abandoned because of egg punctures by shiny cowbirds *** two parasitic fledglings were recorded,while the remaining nestlings either died from starvation(n=12)or predation(n=3).Foster parents abandoned parasitic nestlings between 5 and 10 days *** findings demonstrate that the shiny cowbird has very low rates of fledging success when parasitizing black-backed water ***,parasitism had a high reproductive cost in the black-backed water tyrant because a very low proportion(7%)of the parasitized nests(n=43)were successful.

关键词： brood parasitism host defenses nest desertion shiny cowbird small host.

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Behavior of transporting pipeline sections without and with hydrogen exposure based on full-scale tests

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China Welding 2024年第3期33卷 14-24页

作者： Nóra Nagy János Lukács Institute of Materials Science and Technology Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and InformaticsUniversity of MiskolcMiskolc 3515Hungary

Pipeline transport of hydrogen is one of today’s economic and environmental *** order to find safe and reliable applic-ation of both existing gas and build new pipelines,it is essential to carry out tests on full-scale pipeline section,including the potentially more dangerous places than the main pipe,the girth *** the investigations,pipeline sections of P355NH steel with girth welds were prepared and exposed to pure hydrogen at twice the maximum allowable operating pressure for 41 ***,full-scale burst tests were carried out and specimens were cut and prepared from the typical locations of the failed pipeline sections for mechanical,and macro-and microstructural *** results obtained were evaluated and compared with data from previous full-scale tests on pipeline sections without hydrogen *** results showed differences in the behavior of pipeline sections loaded in different ways,with differ-ent characteristics of the materials and the welded joints,both in the cases without hydrogen exposure and in the cases exposed to hydrogen.

关键词： gas transporting pipeline full-scale pipeline test complex loading condition hydrogen exposure safety factor

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Long-term outcomes of very low birth weight infants with intraventricular hemorrhage:a nationwide population study from 2011 to 2019

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第7期20卷 692-700页

作者： Joonsik Park Sook-Hyun Park Yu-ra Kwon So Jin Yoon Joo Hee Lim Jung Ho Han Jeong Eun Shin Ho Seon Eun Min Soo Park Soon Min Lee Department of Pediatrics Yonsei University College of Medicine211 Eonjuro GangnamguSeoul 06273Republic of Korea

Background Advancements in neonatal care have increased preterm infant survival but paradoxically raised intraventricular hemorrhage(IVH)*** study explores IVH prevalence and long-term outcomes of very low birth weight(VLBW)infants in Korea over a *** Using Korean National Health Insurance data(NHIS,2010-2019),we identified 3372 VLBW infants with IVH among 4,129,808 live ***-related claims data,encompassing diagnostic codes,diagnostic test costs,and administered procedures were sourced from the NHIS *** results of the developmental assessments are categorized into four groups based on standard deviation(SD)*** characteristics and complications were compared among the *** regression models were employed to identify significant changes in the incidence of complications and to calculate odds ratios with corresponding 95%confidence intervals for each risk factor associated with mortality and morbidity in ***-term growth and development were compared between the two groups(years 2010-2013 and 2014-2017).Results IVH prevalence was 12%in VLBW and 16%in extremely low birth weight(ELBW)*** the past decade,IVH rates increased significantly in ELBW infants(P=0.0113),while mortality decreased(P=0.0225).Major improvements in certain neurodevelopmental outcomes and reductions in early morbidities have been observed among VLBW infants with *** percent of the population received surgical treatments such as external ventricular drainage(EVD)or a ventriculoperitoneal(VP)shunt,with the choice of treatment methods remaining consistent over *** IVH with surgical intervention group exhibited higher incidences of delayed development,cerebral palsy,seizure disorder,and growth failure(height,weight,and head circumference)up to 72 months of age(P<0.0001).Surgical treatments were also significantly associated with abnormal developmental screening test *** The neurodevelopmental outcomes of infa

关键词： Cerebral intraventricular hemorrhage Developmental Hydrocephalus Mortality Posthemorrhagic ventricular dilatation Surgery

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Improving the radiological diagnosis of hepatic artery thrombosis after liver transplantation: Current approaches and future challenges

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World Journal of Transplantation 2024年第1期14卷 1-8页

作者： Cristian Lindner raúl Riquelme Rodrigo San Martín Frank Quezada Jorge Valenzuela Juan P Maureira Martín Einersen Department of radiology Faculty of MedicineUniversity of ConcepciónConcepción 4030000Chile Department of radiology Hospital Clínico Regional Guillermo Grant BenaventeConcepción 4030000Chile Department of Statistics Catholic University of MauleTalca 3460000Chile Neurovascular Unit Department of RadiologyHospital Clínico Regional Guillermo Grant BenaventeConcepción 4030000Chile

Hepatic artery thrombosis(HAT)is a devastating vascular complication following liver transplantation,requiring prompt diagnosis and rapid revascularization treatment to prevent graft *** present,imaging modalities such as ultrasound,computed tomography,and magnetic resonance play crucial roles in diagnosing *** imaging techniques have improved sensitivity and specificity for HAT diagnosis,they have limitations that hinder the timely diagnosis of this *** this sense,the emergence of artificial intelligence(AI)presents a transformative opportunity to address these diagnostic *** development of machine learning algorithms and deep neural networks has demonstrated the potential to enhance the precision diagnosis of liver transplant complications,enabling quicker and more accurate detection of *** article examines the current landscape of imaging diagnostic techniques for HAT and explores the emerging role of AI in addressing future challenges in the diagnosis of HAT after liver transplant.

关键词： Liver transplantation Postoperative complications Hepatic artery Thrombosis radiology Artificial intelligence

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Photometric and Spectroscopic Study of Ten Low Mass ratio Contact Binary Systems:Orbital Stability,O'Connell Effect and Infrared Calcium Line Filling

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第8期24卷 212-222页

作者： Surjit S.Wadhwa Adam Popowicz raúl Michel Petar Kostić Oliver Vince Nick F.H.Tothill Ain Y.De Horta Miroslav D.Filipović School of Science Western Sydney UniversityLocked Bag 1797PenrithNSW 2751Australia Department of Electronics Electrical Engineering and MicroelectronicsSilesian University of TechnologyAkademicka 1644120 GliwicePoland Instituto de Astronomía UNAM.A.P.87722800 EnsenadaBCMéxico Astronomical Observatory Volgina 711060 BelgradeSerbia

Low mass ratio contact binary systems are more likely to have unstable orbits and potentially *** addition,such systems exhibit characteristics such as starspots and high energy emissions(UV)suggestive of chromospheric and magnetic *** curve modeling of ten contact binary systems is *** were found to be of extreme low mass ratio ranging from 0.122 to 0.24 and three were found to be potentially unstable and possible merger *** of the infrared calcium absorption lines is a marker of increased chromospheric *** use the available Large Sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope spectra along with matched standard spectra(broadened for rotation)to measure the excess filling of the central core depression flux of the two main infrared calcium absorption linesλ8542 andλ*** find that all reported contact binaries have excess filling of the core flux in the infrared calcium *** of the systems reported were also observed by the Galaxy Evolution Explorer mission and we find that all three have features of excess ultraviolet emissions further adding evidence for increased chromospheric activity in low mass ratio contact *** of both orbital stability and absorption line filling is dependent on the determination of geometric and absolute parameters from light curve *** an insignificant number of contact binary light curves exhibit the O’Connell effect,usually attributed to *** discuss the inclusion of starspots in light curve solutions and how they influence the geometric and absolute parameters.

关键词： (stars)binaries eclipsing-techniques photometric-stars chromospheres

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Embracing different languages and local differences:Coconstructive patient simulation strengthens host countries’clinical training in psychiatry

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2024年第1期14卷 111-118页

作者： Şafak ErayÇamlı Büşra Ece Yavuz Meliha Feyza Gök Idil Yazgan Yanki Yazgan Ayelet Brand-Gothelf Doron Gothelf Doron Amsalem Andrés Martin Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Bursa UludağUniversity Faculty of MedicineBursa 16059 Turkey Yale University School of Medicine New HavenCT 06510United States Güzel Günler Clinic Beşiktaş/İstanbul 34335 Turkey Child Study Center Yale School of MedicineNew HavenCT 06520United States The Feinberg Child Study Center Schneider Children's Medical Center of IsraelTel Aviv UniversityPetach Tikvah 4920235Israel The Child Psychiatry Division Edmond and Lily Safra Children’s HospitalSheba Medical CenterTel HashomerRamat Gan 52561Israel Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience Tel Aviv UniversityTel Aviv 6997801Israel Department of Psychiatry Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and SurgeonsNew YorkNY 10032United States

BACKGROUND Global education in psychiatry is heavily influenced by knowledge from Western,high-income countries,which obscures local voices and *** To adapt a human simulation model to psychiatric education in a context that is specific to local languages and *** We conducted an observational study consisting of six human simulation sessions with standardized patients from two host countries,speaking their native languages,and following an adaptation of the co-constructive patient simulation(CCPS)*** local faculty became increasingly familiar with the CCPS approach,they took on the role of facilitators—in their country’s native *** Fifty-three learners participated:19 child and adolescent psychiatry trainees and 3 faculty members in Türkiye(as a group that met online during 3 consecutive months);and 24 trainees and 7 faculty in Israel(divided into 3 groups,in parallel in-person sessions during a single training day).Each of the six cases reflected local realities and clinical challenges,and was associated with specific learning goals identified by each case-writing *** Human simulation has not been fully incorporated into psychiatric education:The creation of immersive clinical experiences and the strengthening of reflective practice are two areas ripe for *** adaptations of CCPS can also strengthen local and regional networks and psychiatric communities of ***,the model can help question and press against hegemonies in psychiatric training that overshadow local expertise.

关键词： Human simulation Standardized patients Medical education Psychiatric education Capacity building Local languages

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Vegetation Response To Soil And Morphological Properties In An Arid Region Alluvial Fan Landscape. Pre-Andes Of San Juan， Argentina

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Journal of Earth Science 2024年

作者： FLORES Daniel Germán OCA?A raúl Emmanuel MELIáN Edgardo ORTEG Andrés ESPER ANGILLIERI María Yanina PITTALUGA María Alejandra CIGEOBIO (CONICET-UNSJ) Av.José I.de la Roza y Meglioli Gabinete de Geología Ambiental， INGEO， Universidad Nacional de San Juan， Av.José I.de la Roza y Meglioli

The Monte Desert is characterized by a great diversity of landforms created with fluvial， alluvial which the vegetation patterns are related to. The present work has the following objectives: 1: determine whether topographical attributes， surface characteristics， soil properties and vegetation patterns vary between alluvial landforms， and 2: define whether morphometric， soil and surface properties influence vegetation patterns along alluvial landscape. Morphometric data were obtained by processing a 5 m digital elevation model. The coverage of rock fragments， fine sediments and mulch was quantified. Observations and descriptions of the soil profiles were restricted to the uppermost 50 cm. Vegetation properties were calculated using a Point Quadrat Method. The relationship between variables was evaluated through multivariate statistical analysis. The main results show the presence of 45 plant species distributed in 19 families， where shrubs are dominant. The wind effect， topographic wetness and dissection of the landscape are limiting factors of diversity. The coverage of superficial rock fragments influence vegetation coverage through the distribution and availability of rainwater. Furthermore， the different soil textures reveal that the silt content favors an increase in vegetation coverage. The presence of V horizon could condition the installation and development of vegetation in the early stages of growth.

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A Retrospective Analysis of Intoxicated Patients Admitted to the Intensive Care Unit: A Single-Institution Assessment in the Post-Pandemic Period

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2024年第3期12卷 159-167页

作者： Müge Arikan Abdullah Yeşilkaya Büşra Nur Taşdelen İbrahim Özyiğit Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Faculty of Medicine Karabuk University Karabuk Turkey

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of patients with acute intoxication admitted to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU). Material and Methods: An observational retrospective study was conducted on intoxicated patients who admitted to ICU between January 2022 and January 2024. Data were collected from the patients medical records. The demographic characteristics, causes of intoxications, clinical parameters, the mean stay in the ICU, treatment modalities and prognosis were recorded. Results: A total of 2875 critically ill patients were admitted during the study period, and 109 (3.79%) of them were acute intoxications. Their mean of ages was 38.09 ± 12.29. The female-to-male ratio was 1.37/1. Drugs were found to be the primary cause (62.39%) of intoxications, and analgesics, antidepressants, and antibiotics were the most frequent agents. Suicidal attempts were present in 66 patients, most of them were female (62.13%) and between 17 - 24 years (40.91%). The other common causes of intoxications were carbon monoxide (CO) (22.02%), methyl/ethyl alcohol (8.26%) and mushroom (5.50%). The mean stay in the ICU was 2.69 ± 0.89 days. Mechanical ventilation was applied to 10 of our patients. Renal replacement therapy was required in 6 patients. Despite all treatments, 6 of our patients died, and we found the mortality rate to be 5.50%. Conclusion: Intoxications were more frequent in young female patients and drugs were the most common cause with suicidal intent. Unfortunately, CO poisoning continues to be a very important problem in our city. These findings provided significant information about the characteristics of intoxications in Karabuk.

关键词： Intoxication Intensive Care Unit Suicidal Mortality

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Prevalence and Distribution of Tick-Borne Hemoparasites in Cattle from the Noun and Ndé Divisions of the West Region, Cameroon

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Open Journal of Veterinary Medicine 2024年第8期14卷 193-202页

作者： Rostand Cedric Pami Mbitkebeyo Kingsley Tanyi Manchang Corinne raïssa Ngnameko Geraud C. Tasse Multipurpose Research Station Institute of Agricultural Research Station Bangangte Cameroon Laboratory of Parasitology and Ecology Department of Animal Biology and Physiology Faculty of Science The University of Yaounde 1 Yaounde Cameroon Department of Veterinary Medicine Faculty of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine University of Buea Buea Cameroon Pharmacology and Drug Discovery Laboratory Institute of Medical Research and Medicinal Plants Studies Yaound Cameroon Department of Pharmacology University of the Free State Bloemfontein South Africa

Background and Objective: Tick-borne hemoparasitic illnesses pose a serious threat to the well-being and productivity of cattle. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of tick-borne hemoparasites in Cameroon, with a specific focus on the Noun and Nde Divisions of the West Region. Methodology: A total of 423 cattle from 10 villages in both divisions were included in the study. Blood smears were prepared and subjected to microscopic screening for Babesia and Anaplasma parasites. Results: The prevalence of Anaplasma was found to be 23.4%, while Babesia exhibited a seroprevalence of 17.3%. Samples from Institute of Agricultural Research for Development (IraD) and Koupa Ngangnou demonstrated significantly higher prevalence rates, potentially influenced by climate variations affecting tick populations. Additionally, 17.3% of the animals exhibited low hematocrit levels, indicative of anemia. No significant associations were observed between the presence of hemoparasite infection and cattle characteristics. Conclusion: This study provides fundamental data on the extensive distribution and impact of tick-borne hemoparasites in a significant cattle-producing region of Cameroon.

关键词： Tick-Borne Hemoparasites Cattle Prevalence Cameroon

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Development and Optimization of Universal Bone Conduction Hearing Spectacles

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International Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery 2024年第5期13卷 344-358页

作者： Johannes Burkart Mona Kirstin Fehling Saadu Adamu raúl Pérez ramos Daniel Häussler Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery University Hospital Mannheim Mannheim Germany National Ear Care Centre Kaduna Nigeria School of Advanced Education Research and Accreditation University Isabel I Castelln de la Plana Spain

Background: Non-implantable bone anchored hearing devices (BCHDs) are utilized for patients with conductive or mixed hearing loss who are unsuitable for conventional hearing aids or have unresolved middle ear issues. These devices can be surgically implanted or attached using adhesive plates, dental sticks, elastic headbands, or bone conduction spectacles. Optimal fitting of bone conduction spectacles requires appropriate frame selection and contact pressure in the temporal and mastoid areas. The ANSI S3.6 and DIN EN ISO 389-3 standards recommend a contact area of approximately 1.75 cm2 and a maximum force of 5.4 N for effective sound transmission and comfort. Methods: This study aimed to evaluate the technical fit and mechanical stability of universal bone conduction hearing spectacles compared to established systems. A Sen-Pressure 02 thin-film sensor connected to an Arduino Uno R3 board measured contact force in the temporal and mastoid areas. Several BCHDs were tested, including the Bruckhoff la belle BC D50/70, radioear B71 headset, radioear B71 elastic headband, Cochlear Baha SoundArc M, and Cochlear Baha elastic headband, on a PVC artificial head, with data analyzed using ANOVA and LSD post hoc tests. Results: The la belle BC D50/70 spectacles showed comparable contact force to established BCHDs, ensuring adequate sound transmission and comfort. Significant differences were observed between the systems, with the radioear B71 headset exhibiting the highest forces. The la belle BC D50/70 had similar forces to the radioear B71 elastic headband. Conclusion: The la belle BC D50/70 universal bone conduction hearing spectacles are a technically equivalent alternative to established BCHDs, maintaining pressure below 5.4 N. Future research should explore the impact of different contact forces on performance and comfort, and the integration of force control in modified spectacles. This study indicates that the la belle BC D50/70 is a viable alternative that meets audio

关键词： Bone Conduction Hearing Devices (BCHD) Universal Bone Conduction Hearing Spec-Tacles Non-Implantable Hearing Aids Contact Pressure Optimization

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