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Extensive pollen immigration and no evidence of disrupted mating patterns or reproduction in a highly fragmented holm oak stand

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2014年第4期7卷 384-395页

作者： Joaquín Ortego raúl Bonal Alberto Muñoz JoséMiguel Aparicio Grupo de Investigación de la Biodiversidad Genética y Cultural Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos-IREC(CSICUCLMJCCM)Ronda de Toledo s/nE-13005 Ciudad RealSpain Departamento de Ecología Evolutiva Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales(CSIC)C/JoséGutiérrez Abascal 2E-28006 MadridSpain Departamento de Didáctica de las Ciencias Experimentales Facultad de EducaciónUniversidad Complutense de MadridC/Rector Royo Villanova s/nE-28040 MadridSpain Centre de Recerca Ecològica i Aplicacions Forestals(CREAF) Cerdanyola del VallèsE-08193 BarcelonaSpain

Aims Forest fragmentation and reduced tree population densities can poten-tially have negative impacts on mating patterns,offspring genetic diversity and reproductive *** aim of the present study is to test these hypotheses comparing an extremely fragmented,low tree density(~0.02 trees/ha)holm oak(Quercus ilex l.)stand from Central spain with a nearby high tree density stand(~50 trees/ha).Methods We genotyped adult trees and seeds from the low-density stand(436 seeds from 15 families)and the high-density stand(404 seeds from 11 families)using nine microsatellite *** these data,we performed paternity analyses,determined pollen flow,mating patterns and pollen pool structure,and estimated progeny genetic diversity in both *** also studied seed set and production and performed a pollen supplementation experiment to determine whether reduced tree density has limited foreign pollen *** Findings We have found extensive pollen immigration(>75%)into the low tree density stand and monte Carlo simulations revealed that pollen moves larger distances than expected from null models of random *** patterns and differentiation of pollen pools were similar in the high-density stand and the low-density stand but we found higher inter-annual differentiation of pollen pools in the *** genetic diversity and self-fertilization rates did not dif-fer between the low-density stand and the high-density *** set rates were significantly lower in the low-density stand than in the high-density stand and experimental cross-pollen supplementation evidenced that foreign pollen availability is indeed a limiting factor in the ***,seed crops did not differ between the low-density stand and the high-density stand,indicating that limitation of foreign pollen is not likely to be of great concern in terms of reduced seed production and potential *** forest regeneration due to other ecological and human fac

关键词： forest fragmentation genetic diversity paternity analyses pollen dispersal pollen pool structure selfing tree density

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Methylsulfonylmethane suppresses hepatic tumor development through activation of apoptosis

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World Journal of Hepatology 2014年第2期6卷 98-106页

作者： Joo-Hyun Kim Hye-Jun Shin Hye-lin ha Young-Ho Park Tae-Ho Kwon Mi-ra Jung Hyung-Bae Moon Eun-Sang Cho Hwa-Young Son Dae-Yeul Yu Aging Research Center Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology College of Veterinary Medicine Chungnam National University Wonkwang University College of Medicine

AIM:To investigate the effect of methylsulfonylmethane(MSM), recently reported to have anti-cancer effects, in liver cancer cells and transgenic mice. METHODS: Three liver cancer cell lines, HepG2, Huh7-Mock and Huh7-H-rasG12V, were used. Cell growth was measured by Cell Counting Kit-8 and soft agar assay. Western blot analysis was used to detect caspases, poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase(PARP), and B-cell lymphoma2(Bcl-2) expressions. For in vivo study, we administered MSM to H-ras12V transgenic mice for 3 mo. RESUlTS: MSM decreased the growth of HepG2, Huh7-Mock and Huh7-H-rasG12V cells in a dose-dependent manner. That was correlated with significantly increased apoptosis and reduced cell numbers in MSM treated cells. Cleaved caspase-8, cleaved caspase-3 and cleaved PARP were remarkably increased in the liver cancer cells treated with 500 mmol/l of MSM; however, Bcl-2 was slightly decreased in 500 mmol/l. liver tumor development was greatly inhibited in the H-ras12V transgenic mice treated with MSM, compared to control, by showing reduced tumor size and number. Cleaved PARP was significantly increased in non-tumor treated with MSM compared to control. CONClUSION: liver injury was also significantly attenuated in the mice treated with MSM. Taken together, all the results suggest that MSM has anti-cancer effects through inducing apoptosis in liver cancer.

关键词： Methylsulfonylmethane Anti-cancer effects liver cancer cells Transgenic mice Hepatic tumorigenesis

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Effects of phosphorus fertilizer application on phosphorus fractions in different organs of Cordia trichotoma

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Journal of Forestry Research 2021年第2期32卷 725-732页

作者： Matheus S.S.Kulmann lincon O.S.Stefanello raíA.Schwalbert Álvaro l.P.Berghetti Maristela M.Araujo Rogerio Piccin luciano C.Gatiboni Tales Tiecher Paulo A.A.Ferreira Gustavo Brunetto Department of Soil Science Federal University of Santa MariaSanta MariaRio Grande do SulBrazil Department of Rural Engineering Federal University of Santa MariaSanta MariaRio Grande do SulBrazil Department of Forest Engineering Federal University of Santa MariaSanta MariaRio Grande do Sul 97105-900Brazil Agroveterinary Science Center State University of Santa CatarinaLagesSanta Catarina88520-000Brazil Department of Soil Science Federal University of Rio Grande do SulPorto AlegreRio Grande do Sul 91540-000Brazil

The application of phosphorus(P)to soil can increase its availability to plants and alter P fractions in annual and perennial organs of Cordia *** a portion of P accumulates in perennial organs in organic fractions it can be used in the next growth season,possibly decreasing plant dependence on P derived from soil ***,if P is preferentially accumulated in inorganic fractions in annual organs,plants will be more dependent on phosphate *** study aimed to evaluate the distribution of P fractions in organs of *** grown on sandy soil treated with 120 and 360 kg P2O5 ha^(−1).The control was a zero *** 24 months following fertilization,*** seedlings were cut and separated into leaves,branches,stems and roots,dried,ground and subjected to chemical fractionation of P,which estimates fractions of total soluble P,soluble inorganic and organic P,lipid P,P associated ribonucleic acid and deoxyribonucleic acid,and residual P.P in annual organs,as leaves,accumulated preferentially in the soluble inorganic fraction in both *** perennial organs such as stems and branches,P accumulated preferentially in the soluble organic *** application of 300%of the recommended dosage(360 kg P2O5 ha^(−1))promoted the accumulation of P in soluble organic fractions which may contribute to annual growth the following season and be a strategy to reduce the dependence of 2-year-old stands on soil-derived P and on fertilizers.

关键词： Chemical fractionation Phosphorus Phosphate fertilization Plant phosphorus

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Effects of Trinexapac-Ethyl on different wheat varieties under desert conditions of Mexico

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Agricultural Sciences 2012年第5期3卷 658-662页

作者： raúl leonel Grijalva-Contreras Rubén Macías-Duarte Gerardo Martínez-Díaz Fabián Robles-Contreras Fidel Nunez-ramírez National Research Institute for Forestry Agricultural and Livestock(INIFAP)CaborcaMéxico Agricultural Science Institute University Autonoma of Baja California(ICA-UABC)BajaMéxico

A field study was conducted to determine the effect of Trinexapac-Ethyl (TE) on four wheat varieties (rafi C97, Altar C84, Nacori C97 and rayon F86) at three growth stages (first node, second node and flag leaf). TE application (150 g a.i. ha-1) reduced plant height and decreased grain yield at any growth stage. Yield decrease was associated to a significant reduction in the number of grains per spike and in grain weight. TE delayed flowering time and grain maturity, while stem diameter and spikes m-2 were not affected. Further studies are needed to clarify the effect of TE on wheat under desert conditions of Mexico.

关键词： Growth Regulators Moddus Yield Plant Height lodging

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Development of a Synthetic Medium for the in Vitro Culture of Bovine Embryos

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(A) 2014年第8期4卷 679-685页

作者： Moreno D. Neira A. Dubreil l. liegeois l. Destrumelle S. Briand-Amirat l. Bencharif D. Tainturier D. Department of Biotechnology and Pathology of Reproduction Nantes-Atlantic National College of Veterinary Medicine FoodScience and Engineering (Oniris) Nantes 44300 France Genes Diffusion SAS Douai 59501 France UMR 703. PAnTher. INra-Nantes-Atlantic National College of Veterinary Medicine Food Science and Engineering (Oniris)Nantes 44300 France

The aim of this study was to develop a synthetic medium for the in vitro culture of bovine embryos, using various growth factors and cytokines (GF-CYK): insulin-like growth factorI (IGF-I), insulin-like growth factorII (IGF-II), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), leukemia inhibitory factor (lIF), granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and transforming growth factor beta I (TGF-β1) + hyaluronan (ha) + recombinant albumin (ra). The embryos were cultured in synthetic oviduct fluid (SOF) supplemented with: treatment 1 (T1): bovine serum albumin (BSA) + insulin, transferrin and selenium (ITS) (control); or treatment 2 (T2): GF-CYK + ha + ra. The blastocyst rates were not significantly different between T1 and T2, at seven days post fertilization (dpf) (28.9% ± 2.4% and 31.8% ± 2.2%), and at 8 dpf (36.5% ± 2.4% and 39.1% ± 1.9%), respectively (P > 0.05). The total cell number (TCN) was significantly higher with T2 than that with T1 at 7 dpf (164.9 ± 5.3 and 149.7 ± 4.0) and 8 dpf (182.7 ± 6.4 and 165.0 ± 5.5) (P lastocyst diameter obtained with T2 was significantly greater (P han with T1 at 7 dpf (173.3 μm ± 4.9 μm and 157.2 μm ± 4.1 μm, respectively), however, no significant differences were observed at 8 dpf (190.3 μm ± 5.2 μm and 179.7 μm ± 5.3 μm, respectively). In conclusion, the synthetic medium (T2) shows a comparable development rate to the control medium and improves the blastocyst diameter and the TCN.

关键词：胚胎体外培养合成培养基牛胚胎胰岛素样生长因子1 碱性成纤维细胞生长因子巨噬细胞集落刺激因子牛血清白蛋白白血病抑制因子

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