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ion emission from warm dense matter produced by irradiation with a soft x-ray free-electron laser

Matter and radiation at Extremes 2024年第1期9卷 71-84页

作者： Josef Krása Tomás Burian Vera Hájková jaromír Chalupský Šimon Jelínek Katerina Frantálová Michal Krupka Zuzana Kuglerová Sushil Kumar Singh Vojtech Vozda Ludek Vysín MichalŠmíd Pablo Perez-Martin Marion Kühlman Juan Pintor jakub Cikhardt Matthias Dreimann Dennis Eckermann Felix Rosenthal sam M.Vinko Alessandro Forte Thomas Gawne Thomas Campbell Shenyuan Ren YuanFeng Shi Trevor Hutchinson Oliver Humphries Thomas Preston Mikako Makita Motoaki Nakatsutsumi Xiayun Pan Alexander Köhler Marion harmand Sven Toleikis Katerina Falk Libor Juha Department of radiation and Chemical Physics Institute of PhysicsCzech Academy of SciencesNa Slovance 218221 Prague 8Czech Republic Laser Plasma Department Institute of Plasma PhysicsCzech Academy of SciencesZa Slovankou 318200 Prague 8Czech Republic Department of Surface and Plasma Science Faculty of Mathematics and PhysicsCharles University in PragueV Holesovi ckách 218000 Prague 8Czech Republic Department of Physical Electronics Faculty of Nuclear Science and Engineering PhysicsCzech Technical University in PragueV Holesovi ckách 218000 Prague 8Czech Republic Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf Bautzner Landstraße 40001328 DresdenGermany DESY Photon Science Notkestraße 85D-22607 HamburgGermany institut de Minéralogie de Physique des Matériaux et de CosmochimieUMR 7590–UPMC/CNRS/IRD/MNHNSorbonne Université4 place Jussieu75005 ParisFrance Department of Physics Faculty of Electrical EngineeringCzech Technical University in PragueTechnická216627 Prague 6Czech Republic Center for Soft Nanoscience University of MünsterBusso-Peus-Straße 10D-48149 MünsterGermany Department of Physics Clarendon LaboratoryUniversity of OxfordParks RoadOxford OX13PUUnited Kingdom Central Laser Facility STFC Rutherford Appleton LaboratoryDidcot OX110QXUnited Kingdom Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory 7000 East AvenueLivermoreCalifornia 94550USA European XFEL GmbH Holzkoppel 4D-22869 SchenefeldGermany Technische Universität Dresden 01062 DresdenGermany

We report on an experiment performed at the FLASH2 free-electron laser(FEL)aimed at producing warm dense matter via soft x-ray isochoric *** the experiment,we focus on study of the ions emitted during the soft x-ray ablation process using time-of-flight electron multipliers and a shifted Maxwell–Boltzmann velocity distribution *** find that most emitted ions are thermal,but that some impurities chemisorbed on the target surface,such as protons,are accelerated by the electrostatic field created in the plasma by escaped *** morphology of the complex crater structure indicates the presence of several ion groups with varying *** find that the ion sound velocity is controlled by the ion temperature and show how the ion yield depends on the FEL radiation attenuation length in different materials.

关键词： electrostatic emitted chemi

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獐牙菜苦苷、灵仙新苷组分配伍对ra模型大鼠血清学指标及踝关节COX-2的影响

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时珍国医国药 2024年第5期35卷 1034-1040页

作者：郝倩莹高慧琴吴国泰李飒王丽明甘肃中医药大学甘肃兰州730101 中国人民解放军96604部队医院甘肃兰州730031

目的探讨獐牙菜苦苷、灵仙新苷组分配伍对类风湿关节炎(Rheumatoid arthritis,ra)模型大鼠血清学指标及踝关节COX-2的影响。方法选取SPF级SD大鼠5~6周龄36只,雌雄各半。除空白组外,均采用ii型胶原诱导法复制(Collagen induced arthritis... 详细信息

目的探讨獐牙菜苦苷、灵仙新苷组分配伍对类风湿关节炎(Rheumatoid arthritis,ra)模型大鼠血清学指标及踝关节COX-2的影响。方法选取SPF级SD大鼠5~6周龄36只,雌雄各半。除空白组外,均采用ii型胶原诱导法复制(Collagen induced arthritis,CiA)大鼠模型。将造模成功的30只大鼠按随机数字表法分为模型组、阳性药(正清风痛宁)组、獐牙菜苦苷组、灵仙新苷组、獐牙菜苦苷配伍灵仙新苷组(以下简称“獐-灵配伍组”),每组6只。给药组分别给予相应药液灌胃,模型组和空白组给予等量生理盐水灌胃,连续灌胃10 d。实验中对各组大鼠进行一般状态观察记录、关节炎评分(Ai),苏木素-伊红(HE)染色法观察大鼠踝关节组织病理变化;酶联免疫吸附测定法(ELisa)检测大鼠血清中肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素-1β(iL-1β)、类风湿因子(RF)、C反应蛋白(CRP)、抗环瓜氨酸肽抗体(anti-CCP Ab)及前列腺素E2(PGE2)含量;免疫组织化学法(immunohistochemistry)及蛋白免疫印迹法(Western blot)检测大鼠踝关节环氧化酶-2(COX-2)蛋白表达;实时荧光定量聚合酶链式反应法(Real-time PCR)检测大鼠踝关节COX-2基因表达。结果与空白组比较,模型组大鼠一般状态较差,大鼠左后足趾Ai评分及血清中TNF-α、iL-1β、RF、CRP、anti-CCP Ab、PGE2含量显著高于其他组(Pi评分明显降低(PiL-1β、RF、CRP、anti-CCP、PGE2含量明显降低(Pi-CCP、PGE2作用最为突出;獐牙菜苦苷在抑制iL-1β作用最突出。踝关节组织病理状态均有不同程度改善;iHC及WB检测结果显示獐-灵配伍组降低踝关节COX-2蛋白表达水平最为显著(Pra模型大鼠能起到良好的治疗作用,其中獐-灵配伍组的治疗效果明显优于各单体给药组;獐牙菜苦苷与灵仙新苷具有明显的协同增效作用,其作用机制可能是通过降低炎性细胞因子的分泌,抑制COX-2蛋白活性而发挥作用。

关键词：獐牙菜苦苷灵仙新苷组分配伍类风湿关节炎 COX-2

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Hot Deformation Behavior and Microstructural Characteristics of Ti–46Al–8Nb Alloy

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2018年第9期31卷 933-944页

作者： Tian-Rui Li Guo-Huai Liu Mang Xu Tian-Liang Fu Yong Tian ra-ja Devesh Kumar Misra Zhao-Dongwang State Key Laboratory of Rolling and Automation Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819China Laboratory for Excellence in Advanced Steel Research Department of MetallurgicalMaterials and BiomedicalEngineeringUniversity of Texas at E1 PasoE1 PasoTX 79968-0521USA

Hot deformation behavior, microstructural evolution and flow softening mechanism were investigated in Ti-46A1-8Nb alloy via isothermal compression approach. The true stress-strain curves exhibited typical work hardening and flow softening, in which the dependence of the peak stress on temperature and strain rate was obtained by hyperbolic sine equation with Zener-Hollomon （Z） parameter, and the activation energy was calculated to be 446.9 kJ/mol. The microstructural analysis shows that the alternate dark and light deformed ribbons of Al-rich and Nb-rich regions appeared and were associated with local flow involving solute segregation. The Al segregation promoted flow softening mainly arising from the recrystaUization of V phase with low stacking fault energy. The coarse recrystallized 7 and several massive phase were observed at grain boundaries. While in the case of Nb segregation, t/B2 phase harmonized bending of lamellae, combined with the growth of recrystallized γ grains and α ＋ β ＋ γ→α＋ γ transition under conditions of temperature and stress, leading to the breakdown of α2/γ lamellar colony. During the hot compression process, gliding and dissociation of dislocations occurred in γ phase that acted as the main softening mechanism, leading to extensive γ twins and cross twins in α/γ lamellae and at grain boundaries. in general, homogeneous microstructure during the hot defor- mation process can be obtained in TiAl alloy with high Nb addition and low Al segregation. The deformation substructures intrinsically promote the formability of Ti--46Al-8Nb alloy.

关键词： Titanium aluminides Deformation behavior Activation energy Dynamic recrystallization Local flow softening

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Effect of dexamethasone injection into Zusanli(ST 36) acupoint on ovalbumin-induced allergic rhinitis

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Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2019年第3期39卷 307-314页

作者： Na-ra han Seung-Jun han Phil-Dong Moon Sungwei Hong Hyeongjin Kim Yanhua Li Hyung-Min Kim Hyun-ja Jeong Department of Pharmacology College of Korean Medicine Kyung Hee University Seoul 02447 Republic of Korea Department of Korean Medicine Graduate School of Wonkwang University Iksan 54538 Republic of Korea Department of Pharmacology Graduate School Kyung Hee University Seoul 02447Republic of Korea Department of Clinical Korean Medicine Graduate School Kyung Hee University Seoul 02447 Republic of Korea Department of Food Science & Technology and Research institute for Basic Science Hoseo UniversityChungnam 31499 Republic of Korea

OBJECTiVE:To investigate the effects of acupunc ture with dexamethasone(***)on allergic rhini tis(AR)by injecting dexamethasone into the Zusan li(ST 36)***:Thirty 6-week-old female BALB/c mice were sensitized on days 1,5,and 14 by intraperitoneal injection of 100 pg of ovalbumin(OVA).The mice were then randomly divided into six groups(n =5 in each group).Five groups were sensitized intranasally with 2μL of 1.5 mg of OVA for 10 consecutive days,while one group was sensitized intranasally with PBS in a similar manner as a negative control *** hour before each administration of intranasal OVA,two groups were orally administered either a control vehicle(distilled water;AR control group)or 200 pg/kg Dex(*** group),while three groups received *** at Zusanli(ST36)with Dex concentrations of 2,20,and 200μg/kg for each group,*** symptoms were evaluated by measuring the rubbing score,which comprised the number of nose,ear,and eye rubs that occurred in the initial 10 min after OVA intranasal provocation on the 10 th *** isolated spleen,serum,and nasal mucosal tissue after measuring the rubbing *** weight was measured using an electronic *** levels of igE,thymic stromal lymphopoietin,tumor necrosis factor-a,intercellular adhesion molecule-1,and macrophage-inflammatory protein-2 in serum or nasal mucosal tissue were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent *** serum histamine levels of OVA-sensitized AR mice were measured using O-phthaldialdehyde *** blot analysis was performed on nasal mucosal tissue ***:*** significantly reduced the rubbing score,spleen weight,serum igE,and serum histamine in OVA-sensitized *** significantly decreased the serum levels of inflammatory cytokines(thymic stromal lymphopoietin and tumor necrosis factor-a)in OVA-sensitized *** significantly reduced the nasal mucosal levels of inflammatory markers(intercellular adhesion molecule-l

关键词： Dexamethasone Point ST36 (Zusanli) Pharmaceutical research Acupuncture Rhinitis,allergic Ovalbumin Thymic stromal lymphopoietin

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Self-powered and flexible piezo-sensors based on conductivitycontrolled GaN nanowire-arrays for mimicking rapid-and slow-adapting mechanoreceptors

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npj Flexible Electronics 2022年第1期6卷 642-652页

作者： Aadil waseem Ameer Abdullah indrajit V.Bagal Jun-Seok ha June Key Lee sang-wan Ryu Department of Physics Chonnam National UniversityGwangju 61186Republic of Korea Optoelectronics Convergence Research Center Chonnam National UniversityGwangju 61186Republic of Korea

Human skin contains slowly adaptive(sa)and rapidly adaptive(ra)mechanoreceptors,which respond differently to external *** on human tactile perception principles,the fabrication of a self-powered electronic skin(e-skin)that simultaneously mimics sa-and ra-mechanoreceptors is a prime need for robots and artificial prosthetics to interact with the surrounding ***,the complex process of merging multimode sensors to mimic sa-and ra-mechanoreceptors hinders their utilization in *** proposed sa-and ra-mechanoreceptors based on n-type and semi-insulating GaN nanowire *** sa-and ra-mechanoreceptors demonstrated distinguished features such as grasping of objects and detection of their surface *** on piezoelectric sensing principles,the proposed e-skin can simultaneously mimic static and dynamic pressure *** further detected several stimuli of various pressures with low and high *** response and reset times showed by sa-mechanoreceptors were 11 and 18 ms under 1-Hz frequency,which are rapid enough for practical e-skin applications.

关键词： arrays rapid conductivity

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Pressure-induced structure,electronic,thermodynamic and mechanical properties of Ti_(2)AlNb orthorhombic phase by first-principles calculations

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rare Metals 2021年第10期40卷 2964-2974页

作者： Zhen-Yi Wei Kang-Ming Hu Bai-Sheng sa Bo Wu Multiscale Computational Materials Facility School of Materials Science and EngineeringFuzhou UniversityFuzhou 350100China

Effects of pressure on lattice parameters, electronic, thermodynamic and mechanical properties of the fully ordered Ti_(2)AlNb orthorhombic phase were studied using first-principles calculations based on density functional theory(DFT). The bonding nature for ordering orthorhombic Ti_(2)AlNb was revealed quantitatively through the electronic structure analyzing. The external pressures play limited roles in the elastic anisotropy of the alloy due to the outstanding dynamical and mechanical stabilities under pressure. However, the shear modulus of O phase manifests anisotropic, where {010} shear planes are the easiest planes to cleave among the principal planes under all *** heat capacities, volume expansions and thermal expansion coefficients were calculated using the quasi-harmonic approximation model based on the phonon dispersion curves. Meanwhile, the bulk modulus, Young’s modulus,shear modulus and the hardness are promptly enhanced under pressure. The predicted results give hints to design Ti_(2)AlNb-based alloy as high-pressure applications.

关键词： Ti2AlNb-based orthorhombic phase Pressure-induced effect Thermodynamic properties Mechanical properties First-principles calculations

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Does climate change alter the nutrient trends of Cedrela fissilis Vell. trees in the southern Brazilian Amazon?

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Ecological Processes 2023年第4期12卷 164-185页

作者： Daigard R.Ortega Rodriguez raúl Sánchez-salguero Andrea Hevia Renata C.Bovi Marciel J.Ferreira james H.Speer Fidel A.Roig Mario Tomazello-Filho Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz Departamento de Ciências Florestais Universidade de S?o Paulo Dendr Olavide-Department Sistemas Físicos Químicos y Naturales Universidad Pablo de Olavide Department of Ecology Universidad de Jaén Campus Las Lagunillas s/n. Departamento de Ciência Florestal Solos e AmbienteUniversidade Estadual Paulista Laboratory of Silviculture Universidade Federal do Amazonas Department of Earth and Environmental Systems Indiana State University Argentine institute of Nivology Glaciology and Environmental Sciences(IANIGLA CONICET Universidad Nacional de Cuyo) Hémera Centro de Observación de la Tierra Escuela de Ingeniería Forestal Facultad de CienciasUniversidad Mayor

Background The increase in the frequency and intensity of droughts is pointed out as one of the main factors altering biogeochemical cycles in the Amazon basin. An eco-nutritional approach using X-ray fluorescence micro-analysis(μXRF) is proposed to verify the long-and short-term effects of droughts on the growth and xylem nutrient concentrations of Cedrela fissilis *** Fourteen radii were selected from a tree-ring width chronology and X-rayed by itrax Multiscanner. Profiles of ring width, wood density, and concentrations of aluminum(Al), phosphorus(P), sulfur(S), calcium(Ca), potassium(K), manganese(Mn), iron(Fe) and strontium(Sr) together with Al/Ca, Ca/Mn, K/Ca, Sr/Ca and Mn/S ratios were constructed and correlated with precipitation, temperature, the difference between precipitation and potential evapotranspiration(P-PET) and standardized precipitation–evapotranspiration index(SPEi).Results During dry years, C. fissilis showed narrower, less dense rings, lower Al, P, S and Ca, and higher K and Fe concentrations(the opposite was found in wet years). Ring width decreased(together with Al, P, S, K, Ca, Mn, Fe, Sr, Al/Ca, K/Ca and Sr/Ca) and wood density increased(together with Ca/Mn and Mn/S), which was associated with an increase in evapotranspiration and temperature over time, mainly since 1990. Cedrela fissilis showed a tendency to increase its capacity for resistance, and a recovery and resilience in growth over time associated with responses in Al, Ca, P and S. However, it showed a risk in the capacity for recovery of the pre-drought density values, associated with unsatisfactory responses in Al, Ca, K, Fe and *** This study is the first attempt to analyze tree-ring nutritional evidences of C. fissilis trees to climate sensitivity and resilience to drought, based on long-term data from seasonal moist tropical forests of the Amazon. Our data suggested that C. fissilis is undergoing alterations in the concentration, use and redistribution of n

关键词： Dendrochemistry µXRF Drought Tropical tree Eco-chemical indicator Resilience Resistance Recovery

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Senescent mesenchymal stem/stromal cells in pre-metastatic bone marrow of untreated advanced breast cancer patients

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Oncology Research 2023年第3期31卷 361-374页

作者： FraNCiSCO raÚL BORZONE MARÍA BELÉN GiORELLO LEANDRO MARCELO MARTiNEZ MARÍA CECiLiA saNMARTiN LEONARDO FELDMAN FEDERiCO DiMASE EMiLiO BATAGELJ GUSTAVO YANNARELLi NORMA ALEjaNDra ChaSSEiNG Laboratorio de inmunohematología Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental(IBYME)Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas(CONICET)Buenos AiresArgentina Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology Department of MedicineWeill Cornell Medical CollegeNew YorkUSA Laboratorio de Regulación Génica y Células Madre Instituto de Medicina TraslacionalTrasplante y Bioingeniería(IMeTTyB)Universidad Favaloro-CONICETBuenos AiresArgentina Facultad de Ciencias de la salud Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires(UNCPB)TandilBuenos AiresArgentina Servicio de Hematología Hospital Militar CentralBuenos AiresArgentina Servicio de Oncología Hospital Militar CentralBuenos AiresArgentina

Breast cancer is the predominant form of carcinoma among women worldwide,with 70%of advanced patients developing bone metastases,with a high mortality *** this sense,the bone marrow(BM)mesenchymal stem/stromal cells(MSCs)are critical for BM/bone homeostasis,and failures in their functionality,transform the BM into a premetastatic niche(PMN).We previously found that BM-MSCs from advanced breast cancer patients(BCPs,infiltrative ductal carcinoma,stage iii-B)have an abnormal *** work aims to study some of the metabolic and molecular mechanisms underlying MSCs shift from a normal to an abnormal profile in this group of patients.A comparative analysis was undertaken,which included self-renewal capacity,morphology,proliferation capacity,cell cycle,reactive oxygen species(ROS)levels,and senescence-associatedβ‑galactosidase(sa‑β‑gal)staining of BMderived MSCs isolated from 14 BCPs and 9 healthy volunteers(HVs).Additionally,the expression and activity of the telomerase subunit TERT,as well as telomere length,were *** levels of pluripotency,osteogenic,and osteoclastogenic genes(OCT-4,SOX-2,M-CAM,RUNX-2,BMP-2,CCL-2,M-CSF,and iL-6)were also *** results showed that MSCs from BCPs had reduced,self-renewal and proliferation *** cells also exhibited inhibited cell cycle progression and phenotypic changes,such as an enlarged and flattened ***,there was an increase in ROS and senescence levels and a decrease in the functional capacity of TERT to preserve telomere *** also found an increase in pro-inflammatory/pro-osteoclastogenic gene expression and a decrease in pluripotency gene *** conclude that these changes could be responsible for the abnormal functional profile that MSCs show in this group of patients.

关键词： Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells Senescence Breast cancer Bone marrow Pre-metastatic niche Bone metastasis

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The evolution of available pharmacological treatments for variceal bleeding secondary to portal hypertension: A scope review

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iLiVER 2023年第3期2卷 170-176页

作者： Eduarda raisa Coser raphael Bernardo Neto izabel Cristina Meister Martins Coelho Norma Possa Marroni Claudio Augusto Marroni Camila Moraes Marques Faculdades Pequeno Principe Brazil Universidade Federal de Ciencias da saude de Porto Alegre Brazil

The texts analyzed in full totaled 110,of which 36 articles published between 2001 and 2020 were selected,with quantitative approaches,case reviews,liter-ature reviews,meta-analyses,and *** is concluded that beta-blockers are the drugs of choice for primary prophylaxis of variceal *** for secondary prophylaxis,there is an association of these with nitrates and endoscopic *** regard to acute bleeding,the use of vasoactive drugs is chosen,especially ***,it is important to emphasize that there is a shortage of clinical studies and a need for investment in new therapies.

关键词： Portal hypertension Clinical treatment pharmacology and variceal bleeding

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The influence of porosity on tablet subdivision

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Particuology 2020年第6期18卷 192-196页

作者： Maira T.Teixeira Livia L.sa-Barreto izabel C.Silva Tais Gratieri Guilherme M.Gelfuso Ricardo N.Marreto Mariana Landin Marcilio Cunha-Filho Laboratory of Food Drugs and Cosmetics(LTMAC)University of Brasilia(UnB)70910-900 BrasiliaDFBrazil Laboratory of Nanosystems and Drug Delivery Devices(NanoSYS) Federal University of GoiasGoianiaGO.Brazil Departamento de Farmacologia Farmacia y Tecnologia Farmaceutica1+D Farma Group(Gl-1645)Universidade de Santiago de CompostelaSpain

A tablet microstructure,especially the porosity,is a crucial parameter that influences the mechanical ***,tablet subdivisions were studied as a functi on of tablet *** tablets were manufactured in the presenee of different diluents,namely microcrystalline cellulose,LudipressR,or lactose ***,the add让ion of Camphor was investigated,which was thereafter sublimated with a view of obtaining tablets having varying degrees of *** assays were corre lated to the subdivision performs *** increase in porosity reduced the hardness and increased the tablet friability,adversely impacting the *** all the excipients,an increase in relative porosity>90%represented the threshold level from which an inadequate subdivision *** in crease in tablet porosity led to a reduction in mechanical resista nee,which,combined with a heterogeneous and disc on tinuous distribution of pores within the matrix,resulted in poor subdivision *** trolling tablet porosity is an important consideration when designing tablets having a subdivision purpose.

关键词： Tablet subdivision Porosity Mass variation Mass loss Friability hardness

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