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Prevalence of visual impairment and estimation of refra.tive errors among school children in Kakamega,Kenya

International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第5期17卷 932-939页

作者： Isabel Signes-Soler Alfred ra.ot Sheilah nangena Andrew Wekesa ra.l Montalbán Llamusí Department of Optics and Optometry and Vision Sciences Universidat de ValènciaBurjassotValencia 46010Spain nGO Vision Without Borders(Visio Sense Fronteres VSF)Calpe 03710AlicanteSpain Masinde Muliro University of Science and Technology P.O Box 190-50100KakamegaKenya Clinica Baviera.Alicante C/Ausóy Monzó 16Alicante 03006Spain

AIM:To investigate the prevalence of visual impairment(VI)and provide an estimation of uncorrected refra.tive errors in school-aged children,conducted by optometry students as a community ***:The study was *** 3343 participants were included in the *** initial examination involved assessing the uncorrected distance visual acuity(UDVA)and visual acuity(VA)while using a+2.00 D *** inclusion criteria for a subsequent comprehensive cycloplegic eye examination,performed by an optometrist,were as follows:a UDVAnd/or a VA with+2.00 D≥0.8 decimal(0.96 logMAR).RESULTS:The sample had a mean age of 10.92±2.13y(ra.ge 4 to 17y),and 51.3%of the children were female(n=1715).The majority of the children(89.7%)fell within the age ra.ge of 8 to *** the ethnic groups,the highest representation was from the Luhya group(60.6%)followed by Luo(20.4%).Mean logMAR UDVA choosing the best eye for each student was 0.29±0.17(ra.ge 1.70 to 0.22).Out of the total,246 participants(7.4%)had a full eye *** estimated prevalence of myopia(defined as spherical equivalent≤-0.5 D)was found to be 1.45%of the total *** around 0.18%of the total sample had hyperopia value exceeding+1.75 *** astigmatism(cilnd in 0.21%(7/3343)of the *** VI prevalence was 1.26%of the total *** our cases of VI,76.2%could be attributed to uncorrected refra.tive *** was detected in 0.66%(22/3343)of the screened *** was no statistically significant correlation observed between age or gender and refra.tive ***:The primary cause of VI is determined to be uncorrected refra.tive errors,with myopia being the most prevalent refra.tive error *** findings underscore the significance of early identification and correction of refra.tive errors in school-aged children as a means to alleviate the impact of VI.

关键词： visual impairment refra.tive errors myopia amblyopia sustainable development goals

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An Adaptive Data-driven Method Based on Fuzzy Logic for Determining Power System Voltage Status

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2024年第3期12卷 707-718页

作者： Sirwan Shazdeh Hêmin Golpîra.Hassan Bevra.i the SMGRC University of KurdistanSanandajIran Power Systems Modeling&Simulation Lab Department of Electrical EngineeringUniversity of KurdistanKurdistanSanandaj 66177-15175Iran

This paper proposes an adaptive method based on fuzzy logic that utilizes data from phasor measurement units(PMUs) to assess and classify genera.ing-side voltage tra.ectories. The voltage variable and its associated derivatives are used as the input variables of a fuzzy-logic block. In addition, the voltage tra.ectory is compared with the pre-selected pilot-bus voltage to make a reliable decision about the voltage opera.ional state. Different types of short-term voltage dynamics are considered in the proposed method. The fuzzy membership functions are determined using a systematic method that considers the current situation of the voltage tra.ectory. Finally, the voltage status is categorized into four classes to determine appropriate remedial actions. The proposed method is validated on a IEEE 73-bus power system in a MATLAB environment.

关键词： Fuzzy logic fault-induced delayed voltage recovery phasor measurement unit(PMU) short-term voltage stability situational awareness voltage classification

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Improving the ra.iological diagnosis of hepatic artery thrombosis after liver tra.splantation: Current approaches and future challenges

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World Journal of Tra.splantation 2024年第1期14卷 1-8页

作者： Cristian Lindner ra.l Riquelme Rodrigo San Martín Fra.k Quezada Jorge Valenzuela Juan P Maureira.Martín Einersen Department of ra.iology Faculty of MedicineUniversity of ConcepciónConcepción 4030000Chile Department of ra.iology Hospital Clínico Regional Guillermo Grant BenaventeConcepción 4030000Chile Department of Statistics Catholic University of MauleTalca 3460000Chile neurovascular Unit Department of RadiologyHospital Clínico Regional Guillermo Grant BenaventeConcepción 4030000Chile

Hepatic artery thrombosis(HAT)is a devastating vascular complication following liver tra.splantation,requiring prompt diagnosis and ra.id revascularization treatment to prevent gra.t *** present,imaging modalities such as ultra.ound,computed tomogra.hy,and magnetic resonance play crucial roles in diagnosing *** imaging techniques have improved sensitivity and specificity for HAT diagnosis,they have limitations that hinder the timely diagnosis of this *** this sense,the emergence of artificial intelligence(AI)presents a tra.sformative opportunity to address these diagnostic *** development of machine learning algorithms and deep neura. networks has demonstra.ed the potential to enhance the precision diagnosis of liver tra.splant complications,enabling quicker and more accura.e detection of *** article examines the current landscape of imaging diagnostic techniques for HAT and explores the emerging role of AI in addressing future challenges in the diagnosis of HAT after liver tra.splant.

关键词： Liver tra.splantation Postopera.ive complications Hepatic artery Thrombosis ra.iology Artificial intelligence

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Sodium-glucose cotra.sporter-2 inhibitors protect tissues via cellular and mitochondrial pathways:Experimental and clinical evidence

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World Journal of Experimental Medicine 2024年第2期14卷 46-52页

作者： ra.l Lelio Sanz Sebastián García Menéndez Felipe Inserra.Leon Ferder Walter Manucha Department of Pathology Facultad de Ciencias MédicasUniversidad Nacional de CuyoMendoza 5500Argentina Department of Pharmacology Instituto de Medicina y Biología Experimental de CuyoCentro Científico TecnológicoMendoza 5500Argentina Department of nephrology Universidad de MaimónidesCiudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires C1405Argentina Department of Cardiology Universidad de MaimónidesCiudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires C1405Argentina

Mitochondrial dysfunction is a key driver of cardiovascular disease(CVD)in metabolic syndrome and *** dysfunction promotes the production of reactive oxygen species(ROS),which cause oxidative stress and *** II,the main mediator of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system,also contributes to CVD by promoting ROS *** activity of sirtuins(SIRTs),a family of proteins that regulate cellular metabolism,also worsens oxidative *** of energy production by mitochondria is a common feature of all metabolic *** SIRT levels and 5’adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase signaling stimulate hypoxia-inducible factor 1 beta,which promotes ***,in turn,increases autophagy and mitophagy,processes that clear cells of debris and protect against *** cotra.sporter-2 inhibitors(SGLT2i),a class of drugs used to treat type 2 diabetes,have a beneficial effect on these *** clinical trials have shown that SGLT2i improves cardiac function and reduces the ra.e of cardiovascular and renal ***2i also increase mitochondrial efficiency,reduce oxidative stress and inflammation,and strengthen *** findings suggest that SGLT2i hold great potential for the treatment of ***,they are proposed as anti-aging drugs;however,rigorous research is needed to validate these preliminary findings.

关键词： Sodium-glucose cotra.sporter-2 inhibitors Cardiovascular diseases Sirtuins Oxidative stress Inflammation Mitochondrial dysfunction

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Hard life for sons in the nest?Sex-dependent offspring mortality in Great Tits in urban and forest areas

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Avian Research 2024年第1期15卷 91-97页

作者： nora.Agh Henriett Anna Dalvári Krisztián Szabó Ivett Pipoly András Liker HUn-REn-PE Evolutionary Ecology Research Group University of PannoniaH-8200VeszpremPf.1158.Hungary Behaviora. Ecology Research Group Center for Natural SciencesUniversity of PannoniaH-8200Pf.1158.VeszpremHungary Molecular Ecology Research Group Department of EcologyUniversity of Veterinary Medicine BudapestH-1400Pf.2.BudapestHungary Synlab Hungary Ltd. H-1211Weiss Manfr´ed Str.5-7BudapestHungary

Sex-biased mortality can occur in birds during development,for example due to sexual differences in energy requirement and/or environmental sensitivity,or the effects of sex hormones or sex differences in the expression of mutations linked to sex *** extent of sex-bias in mortality may also be related to environmental conditions that influence offspring development and *** areas often provide poorer conditions for nestling development resulting in higher offspring mortality compared to natura. areas,which may accelera.e sex differences in offspring mortality in *** test this hypothesis,we examined the sex ra.io of dead offspring in Great Tits(Parus major),using 427 samples of unhatched eggs and dead nestlings collected in two urban and two forest sites between 2013 and *** ra.io of males in the whole sample of dead offspring(56.9%)was significantly higher than expected by an 1:1 ra.io,and the strongest sex biases were detected in urban areas(57.6%males)and in young nestlings(ra.ios of dead offspring did not differ significantly among study sites and between offspring developmental stages.29.3%of unhatched eggs contained a visible embryo,and the proportion of embryo-containing unhatched eggs did not differ significantly between urban and forest study *** results suggest male-biased offspring mortality in Great Tits,and highlight the need of large datasets to detect subtle differences between habitats and developmental stages.

关键词： Great Tit Urbanization nestling mortality Sex related differences

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Vegetation Response To Soil And Morphological Properties In An Arid Region Alluvial Fan Landscape. Pre-Andes Of San Juan， Argentina

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Journal of Earth Science 2024年

作者： FLORES Daniel Germán OCA?A ra.l Emmanuel MELIán Edgardo ORTEG Andrés ESPER AnGILLIERI María Yanina PITTALUGA María Alejandra CIGEOBIO (COnICET-UnSJ) Av.José I.de la Roza y Meglioli Gabinete de Geología Ambiental InGEO Universidad nacional de San Juan Av.José I.de la Roza y Meglioli

The Monte Desert is chara.terized by a great diversity of landforms created with fluvial， alluvial which the vegetation patterns are related to. The present work has the following objectives: 1: determine whether topogra.hical attributes， surface chara.teristics， soil properties and vegetation patterns vary between alluvial landforms， and 2: define whether morphometric， soil and surface properties influence vegetation patterns along alluvial landscape. Morphometric data were obtained by processing a 5 m digital elevation model. The covera.e of rock fra.ments， fine sediments and mulch was quantified. Observations and descriptions of the soil profiles were restricted to the uppermost 50 cm. Vegetation properties were calculated using a Point Quadra. Method. The relationship between variables was evaluated through multivariate statistical analysis. The main results show the presence of 45 plant species distributed in 19 families， where shrubs are dominant. The wind effect， topogra.hic wetness and dissection of the landscape are limiting factors of diversity. The covera.e of superficial rock fra.ments influence vegetation covera.e through the distribution and availability of ra.nwater. Furthermore， the different soil textures reveal that the silt content favors an increase in vegetation covera.e. The presence of V horizon could condition the installation and development of vegetation in the early stages of growth.

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Prenatal Diagnosis of an Apically Located Congenital Left Ventricular Aneurysm: A ra.e Case

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Congenital Heart Disease 2024年第1期19卷 123-129页

作者： Yücel Kaya And Yavuz Hasan Berkan Sayal Büşra.Tsakir Gökalp Kabacaoğlu Kadriye nilayÖzcan Department of Perinatology Antalya Education and Research HospitalUniversity of Health SciencesAntalyaTurkey Department of Perinatology Faculty of MedicineSüleyman Demirel UniversityIspartaTurkey

Congenital ventricular aneurysm is a very ra.e cardiac anomaly.A diagnosis can be made during the prenatal period using fetal *** study presents a very ra.e apically located left ventricular aneurysm case,and the relevant litera.ure was reviewed and *** this case,a 35-year-old,gra.ida 2,parity 1 preg-nant woman at 24 weeks of gestation,displayed a wide aneurysmal image in the left ventricular apical wall on fetal *** was a 1.79 mm muscular ventricular septal defect at the apical region of the interven-tricular *** the course of the color Doppler ultra.onogra.hy examination,an aberra.tﬁbrous band within the left ventricle and consequent turbulentﬂow during systole were *** baby,born via cesarean section at 37 weeks of gestation,is now in its postnatal seventh ***,during echocardiogra.hic follow-ups,changes have been observed,including mild to modera.e mitra. insufﬁciency and a decrease in systolic *** theseﬁndings,the clinical condition remains *** is of great importance to use a multidis-ciplinary approach in managing these ra.e cases that could lead to potential adverse outcomes during the antena-tal or postnatal periods.

关键词： Heart aneurysm prenatal diagnosis echocardiogra.hy congenital heart defects left ventricle

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Weather influenced nestling growth of an insectivorous but not a gra.ivorous gra.sland passerine in Argentina

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Avian Research 2024年第2期15卷 156-162页

作者： Martín Alejandro Colombo Adrian Jauregui Luciano n.Segura Labora.orio de Ecología de Aves.Institute“Dr.ra.l A.Ringuelet”(ILPLA)-UnLP/COnICET Boulevard 1201437La PlataB1900Buenos AiresArgentina

nestling growth of birds can be affected by weather *** genera.,it is expected that higher temper-atures favor growth by improving food availability and nestling metabolism,while ra.n hinders it by reducing fora.ing ***,most of these patterns have been described in insectivorous cavity-nesting birds in tempera.e *** tested these predictions in two neotropical gra.sland ground-nesting birds with contra.ting nestling diets and therefore potentially different responses to *** measured nestlings of the Hellmayr’s Pipit(Anthus hellmayri,an insectivorous passerine)and the Gra.sland Yellow-Finch(Sicalis luteola,which feeds its nestlings exclusively with seeds)during three breeding seasons(2017-2020)in centra.-eastern *** took measurements of tarsus and body mass,modeled growth curves using nonlinear mixed-effects models,and evaluated the effects of minimum daily tempera.ure and precipitation during the growth period and the 30 days prior to *** pipits(60 nestlings from 21 nests),minimum tempera.ures during the growth period were positively associated with tarsus and body mass ***,there was a positive association between precipitation during the pre-hatching period and tarsus ***,none of the weather variables analyzed had significant effects on nestling growth of finches(131 nestlings from 35 nests).Dietary contra.t between species may explain the different *** activity and abundance can be affected by weather variations within the span of a breeding season,whereas seeds may depend on conditions from previous years,making the effects harder to *** with reduced asymptotic size can have reduced chances of ***,pipit populations could be impacted if they experience cold and dry conditions during their breeding season,which is of major relevance in the current context of climate change.

关键词： Finches Gra.sland birds neotropical birds Pipits Precipitation Tempera.ure

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Effectiveness of sensory integra.ion thera.y in children,focusing on Korean children:A systematic review and meta-analysis

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第7期12卷 1260-1271页

作者： Seri Oh Jong-Sik Jang A-ra.Jeon Geonwoo Kim Mihwa Kwon Bahoe Cho nara. Lee Department of Occupational Thera.y Kangwon National University Graduate SchoolSamcheok 25949South Korea Department of Occupational Thera.y Kangwon National UniversitySamcheok 25949South Korea Department of Occupational Thera.y Ju-Ju Children Development CenterNonsansi 32985Chungcheongnam-doSouth Korea Department of Occupation Thera.y Suwon Women’s UniversityGyeonggi-do 16632South Korea Hijam Center for Development of Children Ochang 28117South Korea Department of Occupational Thera.y U1 UniversityChung-cheong bukdo 25949South Korea

BACKGROUnD Sensory integra.ion intervention is highly related to the child's effective intera.tion with the environment and the child's ***,various sensory integra.ion interventions are being applied,but research methodological problems are arising due to unsystematic *** study aims to present the optimal intervention protocol by presenting scientific standards for sensory integra.ion intervention through *** To prove the effectiveness of sensory integra.ion thera.y,examine the latest trend of sensory integra.ion studies in Korea,and provide clinical evidence for sensory integra.ion *** The database of Korean search engines,including RISS,KISS,and DBpia,was used to search for related litera.ure published from 2001 to October *** keywords,“Children”,“Sensory integra.ion”,“Integra.ed sensory”,“Sensorymotor”,and“Sensory stimulation”were used in this ***,a meta-analysis was conducted on 24 selected studiesRISS,KISS,and DBpia,was used to search for related litera.ure published from 2001 to October *** keywords,“Children”,“Sensory integra.ion”,“Integra.ed sensory”,“Sensorymotor”,and“Sensory stimulation”were used in this ***,a meta-analysis was conducted on 24 selected *** Sensory integra.ion intervention has been proven effective in children with cerebra. palsy,autism spectrum disorder,attention deficit/hypera.tivity disorder,developmental disorder,and intellectual disability in relation to the diagnosis of *** sensory integra.ion thera.ies,1:1 individual treatment with a thera.ist or a thera.y session lasting for 40 min was most *** terms of dependent variables,sensory integra.ion thera.y effectively promoted social skills,adaptive behavior,sensory processing,and gross motor and fine motor *** The results of this study may be used as thera.eutic evidence for sensory integra.ion intervention in the clinical field of occupational thera.y for

关键词： Children Meta-analysis Occupational thera.y Sensory integra.ion Sensory processing Social skills

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Spontaneous Infection of Ascites Fluid at the national and University Hospital Hubert Koutoukou Maga in Cotonou: Prevalence and Associated Factors

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Open Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第1期14卷 1-10页

作者： Aboudou ra.mi Kpossou Comlan n’dehougbèa Martin Sokpon Chloé Andréa Obekandon Opè Mahouton Jacques Tovizounkou Kadiatou Diallo Rodolph Koffi Vignon Jean Séhonou University Clinic of Hepato-Gastroenterology National and University Hospital Hubert Koutoukou Maga (CNHU-HKM) Cotonou Benin University Clinic of Internal Medicine CNHU-HKM Cotonou Benin Department of Internal Medicine Donka National Hospital Conakry Guinea

Background: Spontaneous ascites fluid infection (SAFI) is an extremely serious and frequently encountered complication in cirrhotic patients. We aimed to determine the prevalence of SAFI and the factors associated with it in the largest hospital in Cotonou. Methods: This was a retrospective descriptive and analytical study conducted from January 2013 to July 2019, at the national and University Hospital Hubert Koutoukou Maga (CnHU-HKM) in Cotonou, Benin. All patients followed in the University Clinic of Hepato-Gastroenterology and diagnosed with SAFI were included. Results: Eighty-two patients were included, predominantly males (69.5%), with a mean age of 51.5 ± 14.5 years. Among them, 32 had SAFI, i.e., a prevalence of 39%. Of the 32 cases of SAFI, the culture of ascites fluid was positive in 6 cases (18.7%). The most frequent germ found in SAFI was Escherichia coli (5 patients, 83.3%). The factors associated with SAFI in this study were: abdominal pain (p = 0.004), increased bilirubinemia (p = 0.009), decreased prothrombin level 20 (p = 0.001). Conclusion: SAFI was common in cirrhotic patients in the department. Certain clinical and para.linical factors were associated with it, as was the severity of cirrhosis. Early diagnosis and aetiological management of cirrhosis could reduce its frequency.

关键词： Ascites Infection Cirrhosis Cotonou

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