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Male age and strain affect ejaculate quality in the Mexican fruit fly

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Insect Science 2018年第4期25卷 703-711页

作者： Mariana Herrera-Cruz Solana Abraham Nicolas NuSez-Beverido Norma Flores-Estevez Martha Reyes-Hernandez Mayvi alvarado Diana P6rez-Staples Catedra CONACYT- Facultad de Medicina y Cirugia Universidad Autonoma 'Benito Juarez' de Oaxaca Oaxaca Mexico laboratorio de Investigaciones Ecoetologicas de Moscas de la Fruta y sus Enemigos Naturales (lIEMEN) PROIMI Tucuman Argentina CONICET Argentina INBIO TECA Universidad Veracruzana Xalapa Veracruz Mexico Instituto de Neuroetologia Universidad Veracruzana Xalapa Veracruz Mexico

Aging in all organisms is inevitable. Male age can have profound effects on mating success and female reproduction, yet relatively little is known on the effects of male age on different components of the ejaculate. Furthermore, in mass-reared insects used for the Sterile Insect Technique, there are often behavioral differences between mass-reared and wild males, while differences in the ejaculate have been less studied. The ejaculate in insects is composed mainly of sperm and accessory gland proteins. Here, we studied how male age and strain affected （i） protein quantity of testes and accessory glands, （ii） the biological activity of accessory gland products injected into females, （iii） sperm viability, and （iv） sperm quantity stored by females in wild and mass-reared Anastrepha ludens （Diptera： Tephritidae）. We found lower protein content in testes of old wild males and lower sperm viability in females mated with old wild males. Females stored more sperm when mated to young wild males than with young mass-reared males. Accessory gland injections of old or young males did not inhibit female remating. Knowledge of how male age affects different ejaculate components will aid our understanding on investment of the ejaculate and possible postcopulatory consequences on female behavior.

关键词： accessory glands age Anastrepha ludens mass-rearing sperm Tephritidae

The Difficult Airway: A New Simplified Approach to an Old Complex Problem

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Open Journal of Anesthesiology 2017年第8期7卷 210-233页

作者： Iván Mauricio alvarado Arteaga Department of Anesthesiology Hospital de San Jose Bogotá Colombia

Difficult airway situations are a major cause of morbidity, mortality and malpractice claims in anesthetic practice and other critical care settings. Although infrequent, they are serious and complex situations where many variables interact. Among these variables, quick and accurate rescuer decision-making is a major outcome determinant. Emerging evidence, recent advances in technology and development of new devices have provided new tools to deal with the problem, but still, basic underlying principles of management remain. Based on the available evidence and expert consensus, multiple guidelines and algorithms have been published, but they may have limited applicability, contain confusing and ambiguous recommendations or address very specific clinical situations. This narrative review attempts to summarize, organize and consolidate current trends and supported recommendations of the updated guidelines in one practical, concise and unified guide, proposing a simple, intuitive and novel algorithm.

关键词： Anesthesia Airway Management Airway Obstruction Intubation-Intratracheal Pulmonary Ventilation Guideline Algorithms

Effect of Using Two Different Types of Carbon Nanotubes for Blackberry (Rubus adenotrichos) in Vitro Plant Rooting, Growth and Histology

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2014年第24期5卷 3510-3518页

作者： Dora Flores randall Chacón luis alvarado Alexander Schmidt Carlos alvarado Juan Chaves Centro de Investigación en Biotecnología Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica Cartago Costa Rica laboratorio de Nanotecnología Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica Cartago Costa Rica

Nanoparticles are able to interact with biomolecules, creating functional nanosystems for transportation within in vivo cells, and leading to the study of their potential applications in the field of plant biotechnology. Therefore, the aim of this research was to determine the growth and rooting effect of functionalized (SWCNTs-COOH) and non-functionalized nanoparticles with iron residue inner particles (SWCNTs-Fe) in blackberry (Rubus adenotrichos) in vitro plants. Two types of SWCNTs were used, both of them characterized in a solid sample through raman spectroscopy (λ = 532 nm) showing differences in the G band between SWCNT + Fe and SWCNT + COOH. The in vitro plants (approximately 15 mm length) were inoculated in a rooting medium. Six treatments were established: 4, 8, 12 μg/ml for each type of SWCNTs and a control without nanotubes. The assessed variables consisted of the average number of days for root emergence, average number of roots per plant, average root length per plant and the average stem length. This study determined that, in general, the SWCNTs-COOH promoted the growth of the in vitro plants under this assay, when compared to the SWCNTs-Fe trials. The lowest SWCNTs-COOH dose evidenced the best results for the assessed variables. Additionally, the histological analysis also evidenced that the plants treated with SWCNTs-COOH nanotubes (4 μg/ml) increased their cellular metabolism when compared to the control group.

关键词： Single Walled Carbon Nanotubes Growth Rooting Blackberry TEM

From BIM model to 3D construction printing:A framework proposal

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Frontiers of Architectural Research 2024年第4期13卷 912-927页

作者： Rodrigo García-alvarado Pedro Soza Ginnia Moroni Fernando Pedreros Martín Avendaño Pablo Banda Cristian Berríos Depto.Diseño y Teoría de la Arquitectura Universidad Del Bío-BíoConcepciónChile Depto.Arquitectura Universidad de ChileSantiagoChile Facultad de Ingeniería Arquitectura y DiseñoUniversidad San SebastiánConcepciónChile Facultad de Arquitectura Arte y DiseñoUniversidad Diego PortalesSantiagoChile

The growth of 3D construction printing needs appropriate integration into the planning and execution phases of building *** this aim,the Architecture,Engineering,and Construction sector(AEC)has been increasingly adopting building information modeling(BIM)systems to synchronize design and construction *** study proposes a technical workflow to manage 3D construction printing into BIM models,evaluating various procedures according to construction element *** on mature software platforms,the research details the data transfer process using a case study of a single-story *** case delves into design procedures for constructing walls of varied shapes,adjustments in width,joints,openings,textures,fillings,and the insertion of reinforcements and services while also discussing requirements of other building *** steps for managing design information and controlling printing machines are *** study’s outcome presents a comprehensive information flow,encompassing model segmentation,geometric data transfer,adjustments of details,and the generation of printing ***,it is offered a discussion that underlines the importance of a synergistic digital information flow that merges both design and execution phases,promoting construction efficiency and the embrace of innovative *** contribution of the paper focuses on technical design strategies for 3D construction printing,but also on suggesting an integrated process.

关键词： 3D construction printing Additive manufacturing Architectural design BIM

META-R:A software to analyze data from multi-environment plant breeding trials

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The Crop Journal 2020年第5期8卷 745-756页

作者： Gregorio alvarado Francisco M.Rodríguez Angela Pacheco Juan Burgueño JoséCrossa Mateo Vargas Paulino Pérez-Rodríguez Marco A.lopez-Cruz Biometrics and Statistics Unit International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center(CIMMYT)MexicoDF 6-64106600Mexico Centro de Investigación en Matemáticas(CIMAT)A.C. Jalisco S/NCol.ValencianaGuanajuatoGto 40236023Mexico Universidad Autónoma Chapingo Carretera Federal México-Texcoco km 38.5TexcocoMéxico 6356230Mexico Colegio de Postgraduados Carretera México-Texcoco Km.36.5MontecilloTexcoco 6356231Mexico Department of Plant Soil and Microbial SciencesMichigan State University1066 Bogue StEast LansingMI 48824USA

META-R(multi-environment trial analysis in R)is a suite of R scripts linked by a graphical user interface(GUI)designed in Java *** objective of META-R is to accurately analyze multi-environment plant breeding trials(METs)by fitting mixed and fixed linear models from experimental designs such as the randomized complete block design(RCBD)and the alpha-lattice/lattice ***-R simultaneously estimates the best linear and unbiased estimators(BlUEs)and the best linear and unbiased predictors(BlUPs).Additionally,it computes the variance-covariance parameters,as well as some statistical and genetic parameters such as the least significant difference(lSD)at 5%significance,the coefficient of variation in percentage(CV),the genetic variance,and the broad-sense *** parameters are very important in the selection of top performing genotypes in plant ***-R also computes the phenotypic and genetic correlations among environments and between traits,as well as their statistical *** genetic correlations between environments or traits can be visualized in a biplot graph or a tree diagram(dendrogram).Genetic correlations are very important for identifying environments with similar behavior or making indirect selection and identifying the most highly associated ***-R performs multi-environment analyses by using the residual maximum likelihood(REMl)method;these analyses can be done by environment,across environments by grouping factors(stress conditions,nitrogen content,etc.)and across environments;the analyses across environments can be done with a pre-defined degree of heritability.

关键词： environments breeding variance

Helmholtz Theorems, Gauge Transformations, General Covariance and the Empirical Meaning of Gauge Conditions

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Journal of Modern Physics 2016年第9期7卷 1021-1044页

作者： Andrew Chubykalo Augusto Espinoza Rolando alvarado Flores Unidad Academica de Fisica Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas Zacatecas Mexico Centro de Estudios Multidisciplinarios Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas Zacatecas México

It is well known that the use of Helmholtz decomposition theorem for static vector fields , when applied to the time dependent vector fields , which represent the electromagnetic field, allows us to obtain instantaneous-like solutions all along . For this reason, some people thought (see e.g. [1] and references therein) that the Helmholtz theorem cannot be applied to time dependent vector fields and some modification is wanted in order to get the retarded solutions. However, the use of the Helmholtz theorem for static vector fields is correct even for time dependent vector fields (see, e.g. [2]), so a relation between the solutions was required, in such a way that a retarded solution can be transformed in an instantaneous one, and conversely. On this paper we want to suggest, following most of the time the mathematical formalism of Woodside in [3], that: 1) there are many Helmholtz decompositions, all equally consistent, 2) each one is naturally related to a space-time structure, 3) when we use the Helmholtz decomposition for the electromagnetic potentials it is equivalent to a gauge transformation, 4) there is a natural methodological criterion for choosing the gauge according to the structure postulated for a global space-time, 5) the Helmholtz decomposition is the manifestation at the level of the fields that a gauge is involved. So, when we relate the retarded solution to the instantaneous one what we do is to change the gauge and the space-time. And, if the Helmholtz decompositions are related to a space-time structure, and are equivalent to gauge transformations, each gauge transformation is natural for a specific space-time. In this way, a Helmholtz decomposition for Euclidean space is equivalent to the Coulomb gauge and a Helmholtz decomposition for the Minkowski space is equivalent to the lorenz gauge. This leads us to consider that the theories defined by different gauges may be mathematically equivalent, because they can be related by means of a gauge tra

关键词： Helmholtz Theorem Gauge Transformations Space-Time Transformations Symmetries of Differential Equations Underdetermination of Systems of Differential Equations Natural Covariance

A Study of Chinese Investment in Ecuador

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A Study of Chinese Investment in Ecuador

作者：张麦菲（Maria Fernanda Chang alvarado）东北财经大学

学位级别：硕士

中国在全世界范围内投资的方式可以说具有自己独特的一套模式和体系。拉丁美洲的众多国家早已开始受其经济影响,厄瓜多尔也是其中一员。中厄经济合作可以追溯到1980年起始,投资的浪潮突飞猛进,特别是2006年。两国间的合作关系一直是商... 详细信息

中国在全世界范围内投资的方式可以说具有自己独特的一套模式和体系。拉丁美洲的众多国家早已开始受其经济影响,厄瓜多尔也是其中一员。中厄经济合作可以追溯到1980年起始,投资的浪潮突飞猛进,特别是2006年。两国间的合作关系一直是商业性的,但在未来也会有更多的政治,社交和文化交流被发展起来。在这些投资项目中,虽然有数据表明制造业,农业,贸易以及建筑业占有一定的数量,但能源与矿产还是占最主要的地位。进入厄瓜多尔市场的方式有原材料交换的贷款,以及获得向来按照政府标准协商,辅助经济发展的公共建设合同。最终对厄瓜多尔的整体影响是积极向上的,同时对于厄瓜多尔政府继续吸引中国投资也达到了非常好的预期效果。本论文的目标是全面分析中国在厄瓜多尔的投资,同时在细节上研究中国投资行业进入厄瓜多尔市场的原因及方式,以及中国投资对厄瓜多尔经济发展的影响,并预测未来中国在厄瓜多尔的外商直接投资。本论文由五部分组成,包括：第一章,简介中厄合作的背景,也包括目的陈述,研究目标,研究难关,方法,论文结构,创新观点。同样,在理论上和实际上分开做文章综述。第二章,分析中国在厄瓜多尔投资概述,包括总体,主要部分,投资类型以及整个厄瓜多尔外商直接投资的状况。第三章,包括中国在厄瓜多尔投资影响的数据评论分析,厄瓜多尔政府对中方投资的评论,以及对中美于厄瓜多尔投资的比较。第四章,包括未来中国在厄瓜多尔投资预测,总结中国在厄瓜多尔投资的原因,厄瓜多尔对于中国外商直接投资的表现以及中国投资的潜力。第五章,给出分别的总结和建议。

关键词：外商直接投资厄瓜多尔中国政府

体育报道对何塞·穆里尼奥与皇家马德里队关系的影响研究

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体育报道对何塞·穆里尼奥与皇家马德里队关系的影响研究

作者： alvarado Gonzalez Juan 河北大学

学位级别：硕士

The relationship between a football team, its head coach and the press is a subject ofdiscussions in many households and meeting rooms all over the world, this study intends tobring light and to study the influence the sporting press had in the professional relationshipbetween Real Madrid FC and its former head coach José Mourinho. In order to obtain theknowledge which is required for the thesis, a case study methodology will be used, with an indepth analysis of all the major incidents that involved the head coach and the press, I willinclude the opinionated columns of the major sport outlets in Spain, the coverage of theseincidents in a chronological manner, that is, from the first season onwards and I will give theconclusions based on the findings. The purpose is to gain knowledge of the close relationbetween the club, the head coach and the press, and the influence the media had in theoutcome;ever mentioning of course the fandom as well.

关键词： football 皇家马德里体育报道 think 硕士学位论文 opinion match stated season league

Pseudoclitocybaceae fam. nov. (Agaricales, Tricholomatineae), a new arrangement at family, genus and species level

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Fungal Diversity 2018年第3期90卷 109-133页

作者： Pablo alvarado Pierre-Arthur Moreau Balint Dima Alfredo Vizzini Giovanni Consiglio Gabriel Moreno ledo Setti Tapio Kekki Seppo Huhtinen Kare liimatainen Tuula Niskanen AlVAlAB La Rochela 4739012 SantanderSpain Univ de lille UFR PharmacieEA 4483 IMPECS59000 LilleFrance Department of Plant Anatomy Eotvos Lorand UniversityPazmany Peter Setany 1/c1117 BudapestHungary Department of Biosciences(Plant Biology) Viikki Plant Science CentreUniversity of HelsinkiP.O.Box 6500014 HelsinkiFinland Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e Biologia dei Sistemi Universita`di TorinoViale P.A.Mattioli 2510125 TurinItaly Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection(IPSP)-CNR Viale P.A.Mattioli 2510125 TurinItaly Via C.Ronzani 6140033 Casalecchio di RenoBOItaly Departamento Ciencias de la Vida(Botany) Universidad de Alcala28805 Alcala´de HenaresMadridSpain Via C.Pavese 1 46029 SuzzaraMNItaly JyvaskylaUniversity Museum University of JyvaskylaP.O.BOX 3540014 JyvaskylaFinland Herbarium University of Turku 20014 TurkuFinland The Jodrell laboratory Royal Botanic GardensKewSurrey TW93ABUK

A new classification of several clitocyboid taxa is here proposed to accommodate results from multigenic phylogenetic *** analysis of ITS rDNA as well as a combined dataset including 18S and 28S rDNA,tef1 and rpb2 data,support significantly a shared monophyletic origin of the genera Pseudoclitocybe,Musumecia and Pogonoloma,and the species Clitocybe alexandri and *** new family Pseudoclitocybaceae is here proposed to name this clade,characterized by the presence of loop-like clamp connections in most species,absence of cystidia,and parallel hymenophoral trama with broad,cylindrical hyphae with intracellular *** new genera Clitopaxillus and Harmajaea are proposed to accommodate the type species *** and ***,as well as the combination *** addition,two new species are described:*** has a differential distribution of clamp connections in the basidiome,while *** is,by now,an exclusively European taxon with brownish pileus,somewhat decurrent gills,ovoid spores and basidia longer than those of ***,the species concept within Pseudoclitocybe and Pogonoloma is discussed and descriptions of the most representative species are provided.

关键词： Clitocybe Clitopaxillus Harmajaea Musumecia Pogonoloma Pseudoclitocybe