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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2023年第5期12卷 746-751页

作者： jose María Pinazo-Bandera Miren García-Cortés raúl j.andrade Service of Gastroenterology and Hepatology University Hospital Virgen de la VictoriaInstituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina-IBIMA Plataforma BionandUniversidad de MálagaMálagaSpain Centro de Investigación Biomédico en Red Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas(CIBERehd) MadridSpain

Drug-induced liver injury(DIlI)is a term used to describe an unexpected liver reaction to drugs,but also to herbal products and dietary supplements(HDS).In the current therapeutic armamentarium,only a small number of available drugs are still capable of causing liver damage in overdose.These include,in addition to paracetamol-the prototypical example of this group-niacin(now rarely used to treat hypercholesterolaemia),intravenous methotrexate and probably ketamine(an intravenous hypnotic used in critically ill patients for rapid sequence induction)(1).

关键词： Drug-induced liver injury(DIlI) hepatotoxicity causality assessment Revised Electronic Causality Assessment Method(RECAM)

Adverse hepatic reactions associated with calcium carbimide and disulfiram therapy: Is there still a role for these drugs?

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World journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第31期12卷 5078-5080页

作者： Carmen Verge M Isabel lucena Enrique lópez-Torres M josé Puche-García Enrique Fraga Manuel Romero-Gomez raúl j andrade Clinical Pharmacology ServiceVirgen de la Victoria University Hospital School of MedicineMálagaSpain Gastroenterology ServiceUniversity Hospital Reina Sofia CórdobaSpain Gastroenterology ServiceUniversity Hospital Virgen de Valme SevillaSpain liver UnitDepartment of Gastroenterology University HospitalMálagaSpain

四乙秋兰姆化二硫和钙 carbimide 是二白酒威慑然而，广泛地在那里在酒精中毒治疗使用的狂言存在对他们的安全的大担心。hepatotoxicity 上的报告主要与四乙秋兰姆化二硫治疗有关，被出版了。钙 carbimide 的肝毒素的潜力是很好描绘的... 详细信息

四乙秋兰姆化二硫和钙 carbimide 是二白酒威慑然而，广泛地在那里在酒精中毒治疗使用的狂言存在对他们的安全的大担心。hepatotoxicity 上的报告主要与四乙秋兰姆化二硫治疗有关，被出版了。钙 carbimide 的肝毒素的潜力是很好描绘的更少。这里，我们描述与被提交到 hepatotoxicity 的一张注册表并且当规定这些混合物时，指出我们面对的限制的这个治疗学的组有关的肝损坏的四个案例。对在白酒依赖的管理的这些混合物的角色的重估清楚地被需要。

关键词：异氰酸脂肝中毒戒酒硫治疗

Prolonged cholestasis after raloxifene and fenofibrate interaction: A case report

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World journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第32期12卷 5244-5246页

作者： M Isabel lucena raúl j andrade luis Vicioso F jesús González Ketevan Pachkoria Beatriz García-Mu(n|~)oz Clinical Pharmacology Service Virgen de la Victoria University Hospital School of MedicineMalagaSpain liver Unit Gastroenterology Service Virgen de la Victoria University HospitalSchool of MedicineMálagaSpain Department of Pathology Virgen de la Victoria University Hospital School of MedicineMálagaSpain Institute of Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine University of Granada Spain Clinical Pharmacology Service Virgen de la Victoria University Hospital School of MedicineMálagaSpain

当超过一药能是负责的时，在导致药的肝损伤分配诱发性特别地是挑战性的。我们与 raloxifen 在长期的治疗上报导一个女人立即在开始 fenofibrate 以后开发了尖锐胆汁郁积。图画演变为长期的胆汁郁积。我们假设了那在新陈代谢的水平的一... 详细信息

当超过一药能是负责的时，在导致药的肝损伤分配诱发性特别地是挑战性的。我们与 raloxifen 在长期的治疗上报导一个女人立即在开始 fenofibrate 以后开发了尖锐胆汁郁积。图画演变为长期的胆汁郁积。我们假设了那在新陈代谢的水平的一个相互作用能在这个病人在 fenofibrate 的暴露的一很短的时间以后触发了 hepatotoxicity 的演讲。调查结果一过去在肝活体检视的脉管的内皮生长因素的表示建议血管生成可能在有毒的胆汁郁积的坚持起一个作用。

关键词：慢性胆汁淤积非诺贝特肝中毒病理机制

Assessment of drug-induced hepatotoxicity in clinical practice: A challenge for gastroenterologists

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World journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第3期13卷 329-340页

作者： raúl j andrade Mercedes Robles Alejandra Fernández-Castaer Susana lópez-Ortega M Carmen lópez-Vega M Isabel lucena liver Unit Gastroenterology Service "Virgen de la Victoria" University Hospital and School of Medicine Mlaga Spain Clinical Pharmacology Service "Virgen de la Victoria" University Hospital and School of Medicine Mlaga Spain

Currently, pharmaceutical preparations are serious contributors to liver disease; hepatotoxicity ranking as the most frequent cause for acute liver failure and post-commercialization regulatory decisions. The diagnosis of hepatotoxicity remains a difficult task because of the lack of reliable markers for use in general clinical practice. To incriminate any given drug in an episode of liver dysfunction is a step-by-step process that requires a high degree of suspicion, compatible chronology, awareness of the drug’s hepatotoxic potential, the exclusion of alternative causes of liver damage and the ability to detect the presence of subtle data that favors a toxic etiology. This process is time-consuming and the final result is frequently inaccurate. Diagnostic algorithms may add consistency to the diagnostic process by translating the suspicion into a quantitative score. Such scales are useful since they provide a framework that emphasizes the features that merit attention in cases of suspected hepatic adverse reaction as well. Current efforts in collecting bona fide cases of drug-induced hepatotoxicity will make refinements of existing scales feasible. It is now relatively easy to accommodate relevant data within the scoring system and to delete low-impact items. Efforts should also be directed toward the development of an abridged instrument for use in evaluating suspected drug-induced hepatotoxicity at the very beginning of the diagnosis and treatment process when clinical decisions need to be made. The instrument chosen would enable a confident diagnosis to be made on admission of the patient and treatment to be fine-tuned as further information is collected.

关键词：肝病肝中毒诊断方法药物治疗

drug-induced autoimmune liver disease:a diagnostic dilemma of an increasingly reported disease

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World journal of Hepatology 2014年第4期6卷 160-168页

作者： Agustin Castiella Eva Zapata M Isabel lucena raúl j andrade Gastroenterology Service Mendaro Hospital Clinical Pharmacology Universidad de Mál-agaInstituto de Investigación Biomédica de MálagaUniversity Hospital Virgen de la Victoria Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas liver Unit Universidad de MálagaInstituto de Investigación Biomédica de MálagaUniversity Hospital Virgen de la Victoria

The aetiology of autoimmune hepatitis(AIH) is uncer-tain but the disease can be triggered in susceptible patients by external factors such as viruses or drugs.AIH usually develops in individuals with a genetic back-ground mainly consisting of some risk alleles of the major histocompatibility complex(HlA).Many drugs have been linked to AIH phenotypes,which sometimes persist after drug discontinuation,suggesting that they awaken latent autoimmunity.At least three clini-cal scenarios have been proposed that refers to drug- induced autoimmune liver disease(DIAIlD):AIH with drug-induced liver injury(DIlI); drug induced-AIH(DI-AIH); and immune mediated DIlI(IM-DIlI).In addi-tion,there are instances showing mixed features of DI-AIH and IM-DIlI,as well as DIlI cases with positive autoantibodies.Histologically distinguishing DIlI from AIH remains a challenge.Even more challenging is the differentiation of AIH from DI-AIH mainly relying in histological features; however,a detailed standard-ised histologic evaluation of large cohorts of AIH and DI-AIH patients would probably render more subtle features that could be of help in the differential diag-nosis between both entities.Growing information on the relationship of drugs and AIH is being available,being drugs like statins and biologic agents more fre-quently involved in cases of DIAIlD.In addition,there is some evidence on the fact that patients diagnosed with DIAIlD may have had a previous episode of hepa-totoxicity.Further collaborative studies in DIAIlD will strengthen the knowledge and understanding of this intriguing and complex disorder which might represent different phenotypes across the spectrum of

关键词： Drug-induced liver injury Autoimmune hepatitis Drugs Drug-induced autoimmune hepatitis Drug-induced autoimmune liver disease

Preclinical models of idiosyncratic drug-induced liver injury(iDIlI):Moving towards prediction

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2021年第12期11卷 3685-3726页

作者： Antonio Segovia-Zafra Daniel E.Di Zeo-Sanchez Carlos lopez-Gomez Zeus Perez-Valdes Eduardo Garcıa-Fuentes raul j.andrade M.Isabel lucena Marina Villanueva-Paz Unidad de Gestio´n Clı´nica de Gastroenterologı´a Servicio de Farmacologıa ClınicaInstituto de Investigacio´n Biomedica de Malaga-IBIMAHospital Universitario Virgen de la VictoriaUniversidad de MalagaMalaga 29071Spain Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red en el Area Tematica de Enfermedades Hepaticas y Digestivas(CIBERehd) Madrid 28029Spain Platform ISCIII de Ensayos Clınicos UICEC-IBIMAMalaga 29071Spain Unidad de Gestion Clınica de Aparato Digestivo Instituto de Investigacion Biomedica de Malaga(IBIMA)Hospital Universitario Virgen de la VictoriaMalaga 29010Spai

Idiosyncratic drug-induced liver injury(iDIlI) encompasses the unexpected harms that prescription and non-prescription drugs,herbal and dietary supplements can cause to the liver.iDIlI remains a major public health problem and a major cause of drug attrition.Given the lack of biomarkers for iDIlI prediction,diagnosis and prognosis,searching new models to predict and study mechanisms of iDIlI is necessary.One of the major limitations of iDIlI preclinical assessment has been the lack of correlation between the markers of hepatotoxicity in animal toxicological studies and clinically significant iDIlI.Thus,major advances in the understanding of iDIlI susceptibility and pathogenesis have come from the study of well-phenotyped iDIlI patients.However,there are many gaps for explaining all the complexity of iDIlI susceptibility and mechanisms.Therefore,there is a need to optimize preclinical human in vitro models to reduce the risk of iDIlI during drug development.Here,the current experimental models and the future directions in iDIlI modelling are thoroughly discussed,focusing on the human cellular models available to study the pathophysiological mechanisms of the disease and the most used in vivo animal iDIlI models.We also comment about in silico approaches and the increasing relevance of patient-derived cellular models.

关键词： Drug-induced liver injury Preclinical models Mechanisms Oxidative stress Mitochondrial damage Immune response Personalized medicine

Reuse of port industrial heritage in tourist cities:Shipyards as case studies

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Frontiers of Architectural Research 2024年第1期13卷 164-183页

作者： María j.andrade Eduardo jiménez-Morales rachel Rodríguez-ramos Pablo Martínez-ramírez Department of Art and Architecture School of ArchitectureMalaga UniversityMalaga 29013Spain

The progressive deindustrialisation of many western cities since the 1980s has led to many industrial zones linked to port activities being abandoned or falling into disuse.Cities such as Barcelona,Naples,lisbon,Amsterdam,and Hamburg have port industrial complexes of high tangible and intangible heritage value that could totally or partially disappear,resulting in an irreparable loss of their scientific,architectural,social,technological,and historical values.With that in mind,Adaptive Reuse(AR)of the built heritage allows the industrial memory of the ports to be preserved by turning them into new functional centres within the existing urban structure.That occurs in the context of the contemporary challenges of those cities,such as touristification,the circular economy and climate change,while guaranteeing the life cycle of those buildings.This article analyses two case studies—the Nederlandsche Scheepsbouw Maatschappij(NDSM)and the Rotterdamsche Droogdok Maatschappij(RDM)shipyards,both in the Netherlands—in order to contribute to the knowledge of AR of Port Industrial Heritage.They are two examples of good practices in port industrial heritage interventions,where the factors behind their acclaim can be easily highlighted.A multi-scale methodology is therefore used and tailored to the case of port industrial heritage,based on analysing previous studies of the heritage in different spheres and on different scales.A relationship matrix tool is thus defined.It enables a comparative study to be conducted,using key variables and indicators,and considering qualitative and quantitative data.That provides extensive output information for each case study,which is summarised in the most favourable factors for the success of the AR of this port industrial heritage.

关键词： Industrial heritage Port-city Adaptive reuse Best practices Circular economy HUl Touristification

Oxidized organic molecules in the tropical free troposphere over Amazonia

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National Science Review 2024年第1期11卷 174-184页

作者： Qiaozhi Zha Diego Aliaga radovan Krejci Victoria A.Sinclair Cheng Wu Giancarlo Ciarelli Wiebke Scholz liine Heikkinen Eva Partoll Yvette Gramlich Wei Huang Markus leiminger joonas Enroth Otso Per?kyl? Runlong Cai Xuemeng Chen Alkuin Maximilian Koenig Fernando Velarde Isabel Moreno Tuukka Pet?j? Paulo Artaxo Paolo laj Armin Hansel Samara Carbone Markku Kulmala Marcos andrade Douglas Worsnop Claudia Mohr Federico Bianchi Agrarian Sciences Institute Federal University of Uberl?ndia Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering Beijing University of Chemical Technology Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences University of Maryland Aerodyne Research Inc. Department of Environmental System Science ETH Zürich Switzerland and laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry Paul Scherrer Institute Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research/Physics University of Helsinki joint International Research laboratory of Atmospheric and Earth System Sciences Nanjing University Department of Environmental Science & Bolin Centre for Climate Research Stockholm University Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology University of Gothenburg Institute for Ion and Applied Physics University of Innsbruck Ionicon Analytik GmbH laboratory for Atmospheric Physics Institute for Physics Research Universidad Mayor de San Andrés Institute of Physics University of Sao Paulo Institute for Geosciences and Environmental Research (IGE) University of Grenoble Alpes

New particle formation(NPF) in the tropical free troposphere(FT) is a globally important source of cloud condensation nuclei, affecting cloud properties and climate. Oxidized organic molecules(OOMs)produced from biogenic volatile organic compounds are believed to contribute to aerosol formation in the tropical FT, but without direct chemical observations. We performed in situ molecular-level OOMs measurements at the Bolivian station Chacaltaya at 5240 m above sea level, on the western edge of Amazonia. For the first time, we demonstrate the presence of OOMs, mainly with 4–5 carbon atoms, in both gas-phase and particle-phase(in terms of mass contribution) measurements in tropical FT air from Amazonia. These observations, combined with air mass history analyses, indicate that the observed OOMs are linked to isoprene emitted from the rainforests hundreds of kilometers away. Based on particle-phase measurements, we find that these compounds can contribute to NPF, at least the growth of newly formed nanoparticles, in the tropical FT on a continental scale. Thus, our study is a fundamental and significant step in understanding the aerosol formation process in the tropical FT.

关键词： oxidized organic molecules tropical aerosol formation Amazon free troposphere

Urban heat mitigation by green and blue infrastructure:Drivers,effectiveness,and future needs

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The Innovation 2024年第2期5卷 145-166页

作者： Prashant Kumar Sisay E.Debele Soheila Khalili Christos H.Halios jeetendra Sahani Nasrin Aghamohammadi Maria de Fatima andrade Maria Athanassiadou Kamaldeep Bhui Nerea Calvillo Shi-jie Cao Frederic Coulon jill l.Edmondson David Fletcher Edmilson Dias de Freitas Hai Guo Matthew C.Hort Madhusudan Katti Thomas Rodding Kjeldsen Steffen lehmann Giuliano Maselli locosselli Shelagh K.Malham lidia Morawska rajan Parajuli Christopher D.F.Rogers Runming Yao Fang Wang jannis Wenk laurence jones Global Centre for Clean Air Research(GCARE) School of SustainabilityCivil and Environmental EngineeringFaculty of Engineering and Physical SciencesUniversity of SurreyGuildford GU27XHUK Institute for Sustainability University of SurreyGuildford GU27XHSurreyUK School of Built Environment University of ReadingWhiteknightsReading RG66BUUK School Design and the Built Environment Curtin University Sustainability Policy InstituteKent StBentley 6102Western Australia Harry Butler Institute Murdoch UniversityMurdoch 6150Western Australia Atmospheric Sciences Department Institute of AstronomyGeophysics and Atmospheric SciencesUniversity of Sao PauloSao Paulo 05508-090Brazil Met Office FitzRoy RoadExeter EX13PBUK Department of Psychiatry and Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences Wadham CollegeUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK Centre for Interdisciplinary Methodologies University of WarwickWarwickUK School of Architecture Southeast University2 SipailouNanjing 210096China Cranfield University School of WaterEnvironment and EnergyCranfield MK430ALUK Plants PhotosynthesisSoil ClusterSchool of BiosciencesUniversity of SheffieldSheffield S102TNUK UK Centre for Ecology&Hydrology Environment Centre WalesDeiniol RoadBangor LL572UWUK Air Quality Studies Department of Civil and Environmental EngineeringThe Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong KongChina Department of Forestry and Environmental Resources Faculty Excellence Program for Leadership in Public ScienceNorth Carolina State UniversityChancellorRaleighNC 27695USA Departments of Architecture&Civil Engineering and Chemical EngineeringUniversity of BathBath BA27AYUK School of Architecture University of NevadaLas VegasNV 89154USA Department of Tropical Ecosystems Functioning Center of Nuclear Energy in AgricultureUniversity of São PauloPiracicaba 13416-000Sao PauloBrazil School of Ocean Sciences Bangor UniversityMenai BridgeAnglesey LL595 ABUK International laboratory for Air Quality and Health Science and Engine

The combination of urbanization and global warming leads to urban overheating and compounds the frequency and intensity of extreme heat events due to climate change.Yet,the risk of urban overheating can be mitigated by urban green-blue-grey infrastructure(GBGI),such as parks,wetlands,and engineered greening,which have the potential to effectively reduce summer air temperatures.Despite many reviews,the evidence bases on quantified GBGI cooling benefits remains partial and the practical recommendations for implementation are unclear.This systematic literature review synthesizes the evidence base for heat mitigation and related co-benefits,identifies knowledge gaps,and proposes recommendations for their implementation to maximize their benefits.After screening 27,486 papers,202 were reviewed,based on 51 GBGI types categorized under 10 main divisions.Certain GBGI(green walls,parks,street trees)have been well researched for their urban cooling capabilities.However,several other GBGI have received negligible(zoological garden,golf course,estuary)or minimal(private garden,allotment)attention.The most efficient air cooling was observed in botanical gardens(5.0±3.5℃),wetlands(4.9±3.2℃),green walls(4.1±4.2℃),street trees(3.8±3.1℃),and vegetated balconies(3.8±2.7℃).Under changing climate conditions(2070–2100)with consideration of RCP8.5,there is a shift in climate subtypes,either within the same climate zone(e.g.,Dfa to Dfb and Cfb to Cfa)or across other climate zones(e.g.,Dfb[continental warm-summer humid]to BSk[dry,cold semi-arid]and Cwa[temperate]to Am[tropical]).These shifts may result in lower efficiency for the current GBGI in the future.Given the importance of multiple services,it is crucial to balance their functionality,cooling performance,and other related co-benefits when planning for the future GBGI.This global GBGI heat mitigation inventory can assist policymakers and urban planners in prioritizing effective interventions to reduce the risk of urban overheating,filling research gaps,and promoting community resi

关键词： estuary walls extreme

light intensity and hydrogel soil amendment differentially affect growth and photosynthesis of successional tree species

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journal of Forestry Research 2023年第1期34卷 257-268页

作者： léo Vieira leonel Fabrício de Oliveira Reis Fábio Afonso Mazzei Moura de Assis Figueiredo Tiago Massi Ferraz Sebastiao de Oliveira Maia júnior Patrick Costa Silva jailma Ribeiro de andrade Graduate Program in Agroecology State University of MaranhaoAv.Lourenco Vieira da Silva1000Jardim Sao CristovaoSao LuísMaranhao 65055-310Brazil State University of Maranhao Av.Lourenco Vieira da Silva1000Jardim Sao CristovaoSao LuísMaranhao 65055-310Brazil Graduate Program in Agriculture and Environment State University of MaranhaoPraca Goncalves Diass/nCentroBalsasMaranhao 65800-000Brazil

Global climate changes have increased temperatures,radiation indexes,and consequently,irregularities in rainfall in mainly tropical countries,considerably hindering plant establishment in recovering degraded areas.The objective of this study was to evaluate the growth and physiological characteristics of one species of each successional group:pioneer,secondary,and climax when subjected to different light intensities and hydrogel as a soil conditioner during rainy and dry periods.The experiment was conducted in the ecotone between Brazil’s two largest biomes,the Cerrado and the Amazon in the State of Maranh?o.The parameters consisted of three species:Guazuma ulmifolia lam.(pioneer),Astronium fraxinifolium Schott(secondary),and Cariniana rubra Gardner ex Miers(climax).There were two light intensities:70%and 100%,and two planting conditions:with and without soil conditioner(hydrogel).Gas exchanges were higher during the rainy season;the pioneer and secondary species had greater heights and photosynthetic rates in the dry period;the climax species had the lowest gas exchange and lowest recovery as rainfall resumed.The pioneer and secondary species showed higher physiological plasticity,denoting better adaption to environments with high irradiance.Hydrogel improved the photosynthetic performance of these species in the dry season and in areas with 100%sunlight.

关键词： Irradiance Hydrogel Photosynthetic efficiency Physiological plasticity