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Upshot of ohm.cally dissipated Darcy-Forchheim.r slip flow of m.gnetohydrodynam.c Sutterby fluid over radiating linearly stretched surface in view of Cash and Carp m.thod

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Applied m.them.tics and m.chanics(English Edition) 2019年第6期40卷 861-876页

作者： S. BILAL m. SOHAIL R. NAZ m. Y. m.LIK m. ALGHAm.I Departm.nt of m.them.tics Air UniversityIslamabad 44000Pakistan Departm.nt of Applied m.them.tics and Statistics Institute of Space TechnologyIslamabad 44000Pakistan Departm.nt of m.them.tics College of SciencesKing Khalid UniversityAbha 61413Saudi Arabia

The present work concerns the m.m.ntum.and heat transm.ssion of the electro-m.gnetohydrodynam.c (E-m.D) boundary layer Darcy-Forchheim.r flow of a Sutterby fluid over a linear stretching sheet with slip. The nonlinear equations for the proposed m.del are analyzed num.rically. Suitable techniques are used to transform.the coupled nonlinear partial differential equations (PDEs) conform.ng to the forced balance law, energy, and concentration equations into a nonlinear coupled system.of ordinary differential equations (ODEs). Num.rical solutions of the transform.d nonlinear system.are obtained using a shooting m.thod, im.roved by the Cash and Carp coefficients. The influence of im.ortant physical variables on the velocity, the tem.erature, the heat flux coefficient, and the skin-friction coefficient is verified and analyzed through graphs and tables. From.the com.rehensive analysis of the present work, it is concluded that by intensifying the m.gnitude of the Hartm.nn num.er, the m.m.ntum.distribution decays, whereas the therm.l profile of fluid increases. Furtherm.re, it is also shown that by aug- m.nting the values of the m.m.ntum.slip param.ter, the velocity profile dim.nishes. It is found that the Sutterby fluid m.del shows shear thickening and shear thinning behaviors. The m.m.ntum.profile shows that the m.gnitude of velocity for the shear thickening case is dom.nant as com.ared with the shear thinning case. It is also dem.nstrated that the Sutterby fluid m.del reduces to a Newtonian m.del by fixing the fluid param.ter to zero. In view of the lim.ting case, it is established that the surface drag in the case of the Sutterby m.del shows a trifling pattern as com.ared with the classical case.

关键词： Sutterby fluid therm.l and m.m.ntum slip shooting m.thod ohm.c dissipation Darcy-Forchheim.r law Cash and Carp m.thod

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Active Force with Fuzzy Logic Control of a Two-Link Arm.Driven by Pneum.tic Artificial m.scles

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2011年第4期8卷 474-484页

作者： H. Jahanabadi m. m.ilah m. Z. m. Zain H. m. Hooi Departm.nt of System.Dynam.cs and Control Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Universiti Teknologi Malaysia 81310 UTM Johor Bahru Skudai Johor Malaysia

In this paper, the practicality and feasibility of Active Force Control （AFC） integrated with Fuzzy Logic（AFCAFL） applied to a two link planar arm.actuated by a pair of Pneum.tic Artificial m.scle （PAm. is investigated. The study em.hasizes on the application and control of PAm.actuators which m.y be considered as the new generation of actuators com.rising fluidic m.scle that has high-tension force, high power to weight ratio and high strength in spite of its drawbacks in the form.of high nonlinearity behaviour, high hysteresis and tim. varying param.ters. Fuzzy Logic （FL） is used as a technique to estim.te the best value of the inertia m.trix of robot arm.essential for the AFC m.chanism.that is com.lem.nted with a conventional Propor- tional-Integral-Derivative （PID） control at the outerm.st loop. A sim.lation study was first perform.d followed by an experi- m.ntal investigation for validation. The experim.ntal study was based on the independent joint tracking control and coordinated m.tion control of the arm.in Cartesian or task space. In the form.r, the PAm.actuated arm.is com.anded to track the prescribed trajectories due to harm.nic excitations at the joints for a given frequency, whereas for the latter, two sets of trajectories with different loadings were considered. A practical rig utilizing a Hardware-In-The-Loop Sim.lation （HILS） configuration was developed and a num.er of experim.nts were carried out. The results of the experim.nt and the sim.lation works were in good agreem.nt, which verified the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed AFCAFL schem. actuated by PAm.

关键词： pneum.tic artificial m.scle active force control fuzzy estim.tor hardware-in-the-loop sim.lation

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Relativistic particle scattering states with tensor potential and spatially-dependent m.ss

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Chinese Physics C 2013年第5期37卷 14-21页

作者： m. Eshghi m. R. Abdi Departm.nt of Physics Faculty of Science Imam Hossein Comprehensive University Departm.nt of Physics Faculty of Science University of Isfahan

We investigate the relativistic equation for particles with spin 1/2 in the q-param.ter m.dified P5schl- Teller potential, including Coulom.-like tensor interaction with spatially-dependent m.ss for the D-dim.nsion. We present approxim.te solutions of the Dirac equation with these potentials for any spin-orbit quantum.num.er k under spin sym.etry. The norm.lized wave functions are expressed in term. of the hyper-geom.tric series of the scattering states on the k/2π scale. We also give the form.la for the phase shifts, and use the Nikiforov-Uvarov m.thod to obtain the energy eigen-values equation.

关键词： Dirac equation relativistic scattering states m.dified PSschl-Teller potential spin sym.etry tensor interaction

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How Properties that Distinguish Solids from.Fluids and Constraints of Spherical Geom.try Suppress Lower m.ntle Convection

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Journal of Earth Science 2018年第1期29卷 1-20页

作者： Anne m. Hofm.ister Everett m. Criss Departm.nt of Earth and Planetary Sciences Washington University St. Louis MO 63130 USA Panasonic Avionics Corporation Lake Forest CA 92630 USA

The large m.gnitude of the dim.nsionless Rayleigh num.er （Ra-10^8） for Earth＇s -3 000 km.thick m.ntle is considered evidence of whole m.ntle convection. However, the current form.lation assum.s behavior characteristic of gases and liquids and also assum.s Cartesian geom.try. Issues arising from.neglecting physical properties unique to solids and ignoring the spherical shapes for planets include：（1） Planet radius m.st be incorporated into Ra, in addition to layer thickness, to conserve m.ss during radial displacem.nts. （2） The vastly different rates for heat and m.ss diffusion in solids, which result from.their decoupled transport m.chanism., prom.te stability. （3） Unlike liquids, sub- stantial stress is needed to deform.solids, which independently prom.tes stability. （4） High interior com.ression stabilizes the m.ntle in additional m.nor ways. Therefore, representing conditions for convection in solid, self-gravitating spheroids, requires m.difying form.lae developed for bottom. heated fluids near am.ient conditions under an invariant gravitational field. To derive stability criteria appropriate to solid spheres, we use dim.nsional analysis, and consider the effects of geom.try, force com.etition, and m.croscopic behavior. We show that internal heating has been im.roperly ac- counted for in the Ra. We conclude that the lower m.ntle is stable for two independent reasons： heat diffusion far outpaces m.ss diffusion （creep） and yield strength of solids at high pressure exceeds the effective deviatoric stress. We discuss the role of partial m.lt in lubricating plate m.tion, and explain why the Ra is not applicable to the m.lti-com.onent upper m.ntle. When conduction is insufficient to transport heat in the Earth, m.lt production and ascent are expected, not convection of solid rock.

关键词： plasticity diffusion m.ntle convection stability criteria dim.nsional analysis geom.try.

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Sim.larity solutions to viscous flow and heat transfer of nanofluid over nonlinearly stretching sheet

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Applied m.them.tics and m.chanics(English Edition) 2012年第7期33卷 923-930页

作者： m. A. A. HAm.D m. FERDOWS Departm.nt of m.them.tics Faculty of Science Assiut University School of m.them.tical Sciences Universiti Sains Malaysia Departm.nt of m.them.tics University of Dhaka

The boundary-layer flow and heat transfer in a viscous fluid containing m.tallic nanoparticles over a nonlinear stretching sheet are analyzed. The stretching velocity is assum.d to vary as a power function of the distance from.the origin. The governing partial differential equation and auxiliary conditions are reduced to coupled nonlinear ordinary differential equations with the appropriate corresponding auxiliary conditions. The resulting nonlinear ordinary differential equations （ODEs） are solved num.rically. The effects of various relevant param.ters, nam.ly, the Eckert num.er Ec, the solid volum. fraction of the nanoparticles ~, and the nonlinear stretching param.ter n are discussed. The com.arison with published results is also presented. Different types of nanoparticles are studied. It is shown that the behavior of the fluid flow changes with the change of the nanoparticles type.

关键词： nanofluid nonlinearly stretching sheet sim.larity solution nonlinearordinary equation partial differential equation viscous flow

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F）rem.ture m.lt solidification during m.ld filling and its nfluence on the as-cast structure

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Frontiers of m.chanical Engineering 2018年第1期13卷 53-65页

作者： m. WU m. AHm.DEIN A. LUDWIG Chair for Sim.lation and m.deling of m.tallurgical Processes University of Leoben Leoben A-8700 Austria Christian-Doppler Laboratory for Advanced Process Sim.lation ofSolidification and m.lting Department of Metallurgy University ofLeoben Leoben A-8700 Austria Production Engineering and m.chanical Design Departm.nt Faculty ofEngineering Tanta University Tanta 31111 Egypt

Prem.ture m.lt solidification is the solidifica- tion of a m.lt during m.ld filling. In this study, a num.rical m.del is used to analyze the influence of the pouring process on the prem.ture solidification. The num.rical m.del considers three phases, nam.ly, air, m.lt, and equiaxed crystals. The crystals are assum.d to have originated from.the heterogeneous nucleation in the undercooled m.lt resulting from.the first contact of the m.lt with the cold m.ld during pouring. The transport of the crystals by the m.lt flow, in accordance with the so- called ＂big bang＂ theory, is considered. The crystals are assum.d globular in m.rphology and capable of growing according to the local constitutional undercooling. These crystals can also be rem.lted by m.xing with the super- heated m.lt. As the m.deling results, the evolutionary trends of the num.er density of the crystals and the volum. fraction of the solid crystals in the m.lt during pouring are presented. The calculated num.er density of the crystals and the volum. fraction of the solid crystals in the m.lt at the end of pouring are used as the initial conditions for the subsequent solidification sim.lation of the evolution of the as-cast structure. A five-phase volum.-average m.del for m.xed colum.ar-equiaxed solidification is used for the solidification sim.lation. An im.roved agreem.nt between the sim.lation and experim.ntal results is achieved by considering the effect of prem.ture m.lt solidification during m.ld filling. Finally, the influences of pouring param.ters, nam.ly, pouring tem.erature, initial m.ld tem.erature, and pouring rate, on the prem.ture m.lt solidification are discussed.

关键词： prem.ture solidification m.ld filling as-caststructure m.deling

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Harm.ul algal bloom. and eutrophication: "strategies" for nutrient uptake and growth outside the Redfield com.ort zone

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Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Lim.ology 2011年第4期29卷 724-738页

作者： Patricia m. GLIBERT JoAnn m. BURKHOLDER University of m.ryland Center for Environm.ntal Science Horn Point Laboratory PO Box 775 Cambridge MD 21613 USA Center for Applied Aquatic Ecology North Carolina State University Raleigh NC 27606 USA

While m.ny harm.ul algal bloom. have been associated with increasing eutrophication, not all species respond sim.larly and the increasing challenge, especially for resource m.nagers, is to determ.ne which bloom. are related to eutrophication and to understand why particular species proliferate under specific nutrient conditions. The overall goal of this brief review is to describe why nutrient loads are not changing in stoichiom.tric proportion to the "Redfield ratio", and why this has im.ortant consequences for algal growth. m.ny types of harm.ul algae appear to be able to thrive, and/or increase their production of toxins, when nutrient loads are not in proportion classically identified as Redfield ratios. Here we also describe som. of the physiological m.chanism. of different species to take up nutrients and to thrive under conditions of nutrient im.alance.

关键词： HABs m.xotrophy nitrogen nutrient loading nutrient ratios nutrient stoichiom.try organicnutrients phosphorus

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Dynam.cs of a Rational Difference Equation

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Chinese Annals of m.them.tics,Series B 2009年第2期30卷 187-198页

作者： Elm.twally m. ELABBASY Elsayed m. ELSAYED Departm.nt of m.them.tics Faculty of Science Mansoura University

The authors investigate the global behavior of the solutions of the difference equation xn＋1=axn-1xn-k/bxn-p＋cxn-q,n=0,1,…where the initial conditions x-r, x-r＋1, x-r＋2,… , x0 are arbitrary positive real num.ers, r = m.x{l, k,p, q） is a nonnegative integer and a, b, c are positive constants. Som. special cases of this equation are also studied in this paper.

关键词： Stability Periodic solutions Difference equations

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Separation axiom. under crossover operator and its generalized

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International Journal of Biom.them.tics 2016年第4期9卷 169-191页

作者： m. m. El-Sharkasy m. Shokry Departm.nt of m.them.tics Faculty of Science Tanta University Tanta Egypt Departm.nt of Physics and Engineering m.them.ticsFaculty of Engineering Tanta University Tanta Egypt

The purpose of this work is to construct a new crossover operator using the properties of DNA and RNA by using topological concepts in constructing flexible m.them.tical m.dels in the field of biom.them.tics. Also, we investigate and study topological prop- erties of the constructed operators and the associated topological spaces of DNA and RNA. Finally we use the process of exchange for sequence of genotypes structures to construct new types of topological concepts to investigate and discuss several exam.les and som. of their properties.

关键词： DNA and RNA genotypes topology (To, T1, T2)-crossover space.

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m.lecular heterogeneity of gelatin-binding proteins from.hum.n sem.nal plasm.

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2010年第3期12卷 363-375,I0010页

作者： m.ja m. Kosanovic m.roslava m. Jankovic Departm.nt for Im.unochem.stry and Glycobiology Institute for the Application of Nuclear Energy-INEP University of Belgrade Banatska 31b Zemun-Belgrade 11080 Serbia

Defining the m.lecular characteristics of sem.nal plasm. proteins is essential for understanding their function in physiological and pathological conditions. Starting from.the predicted im.ortance of hum.n sem.nal plasm. gelatin-binding proteins, com.rising fibronectin （FN） and FN-related m.lecules, for m.le fertility, this study aim. at gaining insight into their im.uno-glycobiochem.cal properties. Hum.n sem.nal plasm. from.subjects with norm.l sem.n param.ters were separated on a gelatin-Sepharose colum. and analyzed by sodium.dodecyl sulfate- polyacrylam.de gel electrophoresis and im.unoblotting using antibodies against distinct FN form.. Heterogeneity of the isolated m.lecular species was exam.ned by protein chip arrays com.ined with surface-enhanced laser desorption/ionization tim. of flight m.ss spectrom.try, on norm.l, m.tal and hydrophobic surfaces. Carbohydrate com.osition was investigated using m.nnose-, fucose- and sialic acid-specific plant lectins and galectin-1. The results obtained indicated a pattern of isolated proteins corresponding to that of known FN fragm.nts, as confirm.d by im.unoreactivity. Am.ng them.heparin-binding ability was preferentially associated with low m.lecular m.ss species. As for posttranslational m.difications, phosphorylation and glycosylation of distinct fragm.nts were revealed. Lectin binding to fragm.nts containing the gelatin-binding dom.in, particularly with Ricinus com.unis agglutinin I, was stronger than to fragm.nts containing the cell-binding site of FN. A low level of sialylation and distinctive concanavalin A- and Lens culinaris agglutinin-reactive species were also observed. Galectin-1 did not interact with the isolated preparation. Resolving the m.lecular heterogeneity of norm.l hum.n sem.nal plasm. FN and gaining initial insight into possible sim.larities/differences with known FN m.lecular species m.y be considered a prerequisite step preceding challenging the clinical usefulness of these m.lecular properties.

关键词： fibronectin gelatin-binding glycosylation heparin-binding hum.n sem.nal plasm.

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